Method, device and equipment for determining aperture characterization data of shale reservoir and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a method, a device and equipment for determining aperture characterization data of a shale reservoir and a medium. According to the scheme, the total fracture area and the total pore area of the shale sample under the multi-scale pore diameter can be determined through an image analysis mode, the standard pore volume of the shale sample under the multi-scale pore diameter can be determined through a quantitative test mode, and then the shale sample can be determined according to the fracture area proportion and the pore area proportion corresponding to each scale pore diameter and the standard pore volume. The characterization data of the pores and the cracks in the shale reservoir under the multi-scale pore diameter can be accurately obtained. Visibly, through an image analysis mode and a quantitative test mode, accurate characterization of pores and cracks in the shale reservoir under the multi-scale aperture can be realized, so that the reservoir capacity of the shale reservoir can be accurately evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of pore and fracture characterization data determination, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for determining pore and fracture characterization data in shale reservoirs. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of unconventional oil and gas exploration, unconventional reservoir characterization has become an important field. Shale reservoirs have complex pore and fracture structures, containing not only micro- and nano-sized pores but also multi-scale micro-fractures. Traditional approaches have conducted extensive research on the characteristics of shale pores and fractures separately, mainly focusing on the detailed description and quantitative characterization of pore structure and fracture development. However, studies on pores and fractures in shale reservoirs are often independent and tend to focus on pore structure characteristics, neglecting the contribution of fractures to the reservoir's storage capacity. Pores and fractures, as the main storage spaces and seepage channels in shale reservoirs, jointly determine the occurrence of shale oil and gas. The control effect of pores and fractures on shale gas varies under different occurrence conditions, thus previous studies have struggled to accurately evaluate the storage capacity of shale reservoirs.

[0003] Therefore, how to accurately characterize the porosity and fractures of shale reservoirs in order to accurately evaluate their storage capacity is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for determining porosity and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs, so as to achieve accurate characterization of pores and fractures in shale reservoirs and to accurately evaluate the reservoir capacity of shale reservoirs.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for determining pore and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs, including:

[0006] A mosaic image of the shale sample surface was obtained using a scanning electron microscope;

[0007] Extract the pore parameters of each pore in the stitched image, and determine the total area of ​​the pores corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter based on each pore parameter; wherein, the pores include cracks and pores, and the total area of ​​the pores includes the total area of ​​cracks and the total area of ​​pores;

[0008] Quantitative tests were performed on shale samples to determine the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size;

[0009] Based on the total crack area and total pore area corresponding to each first-scale pore size, calculate the crack area ratio and pore area ratio corresponding to each second-scale pore size.

[0010] The pore and crack characterization data are determined by using the crack area ratio, pore area ratio, and standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter; the pore and crack characterization data includes the sample crack volume and sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter.

[0011] Optionally, based on the parameters of each hole, the total area of ​​the pores corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter is determined, including:

[0012] The roundness of each hole / slot is calculated based on its maximum and minimum diameters; the hole parameters include: the maximum diameter of the hole / slot, the minimum diameter of the hole / slot, and the area of ​​the hole / slot.

[0013] The roundness of each hole is compared with a predetermined threshold to identify cracks and pores in the holes.

[0014] Using the minimum diameter of each crack as the aperture, determine the total crack area corresponding to each first-scale aperture; using the minimum diameter of each pore as the aperture, determine the total pore area corresponding to each first-scale aperture.

[0015] Optionally, a mosaic image of the shale sample surface is obtained using a scanning electron microscope, including:

[0016] Target regions are selected from the surface of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) sample using a scanning electron microscope (SEM); wherein the SEM sample is generated after preparation of a shale core sample.

[0017] The scanning electron microscope is used to take pictures of the target area to obtain a predetermined number of images, and the predetermined number of images are stitched together to obtain a stitched image.

[0018] Optionally, the hole parameters of each slit in the stitched image are extracted, including:

[0019] Each image in the stitched image is identified using an image extraction model, and the hole parameters of each hole in each image are extracted; wherein, the image extraction model is generated by training a predetermined number of images in the stitched image.

[0020] Optionally, quantitative testing is performed on shale samples to determine the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size, including:

[0021] Carbon dioxide adsorption experiments were conducted on powdered shale core samples to obtain the first standard pore volume corresponding to the pore size at various scales of the micropores.

[0022] Nitrogen adsorption experiments were conducted on powdered shale core samples to obtain the second standard pore volume corresponding to the pore diameters at various scales of the mesopore.

[0023] High-pressure mercury intrusion experiments were conducted on cylindrical shale core samples to obtain the third standard pore volume corresponding to the pore size of each macropore.

[0024] By using the first standard orifice volume, the second standard orifice volume, and the third standard orifice volume, the standard orifice volume corresponding to each second-scale orifice diameter is obtained.

[0025] Optionally, the proportion of crack area and proportion of pore area corresponding to each second-scale pore size are calculated based on the total crack area and total pore area corresponding to each first-scale pore size, including:

[0026] If the first-scale aperture does not match the second-scale aperture, the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore corresponding to each first-scale aperture are used to calculate the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore corresponding to each second-scale aperture.

[0027] Calculate the sum of the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore corresponding to each second-scale aperture to generate the total area of ​​the pores;

[0028] The crack area ratio is generated based on the total target crack area and total pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture; the pore area ratio is generated based on the total target pore area and total pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture.

[0029] Optionally, the pore-fracture characterization data are determined using the crack area ratio, pore area ratio, and standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size, including:

[0030] Calculate the product of the crack area ratio corresponding to each second-scale pore size and the standard pore volume to generate the sample crack volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size;

[0031] Calculate the product of the pore area ratio corresponding to each second-scale pore size and the standard pore volume to generate the sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size.

[0032] Secondly, this application provides a device for determining pore and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs, comprising:

[0033] The acquisition module is used to acquire stitched images of the shale sample surface using a scanning electron microscope;

[0034] The extraction module is used to extract the hole parameters of each hole in the stitched image;

[0035] The first determining module is used to determine the total area of ​​the pores corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter based on each pore parameter; wherein the pores include cracks and pores, and the total area of ​​the pores includes the total area of ​​cracks and the total area of ​​pores;

[0036] The second determination module is used to quantitatively test shale samples and determine the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size;

[0037] The calculation module is used to calculate the proportion of crack area and the proportion of pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture, based on the total crack area and the total pore area corresponding to each first-scale aperture.

[0038] The third determining module is used to determine the pore and crack characterization data by using the crack area ratio, pore area ratio and standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter; the pore and crack characterization data includes the sample crack volume and sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter.

[0039] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0040] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0041] A processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described method for determining pore and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs.

[0042] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method for determining pore and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages: This application provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for determining porosity and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs. In this solution, the total fracture area and total pore area of ​​shale samples under multi-scale pore sizes can be determined through image analysis, and the standard pore volume of shale samples under multi-scale pore sizes can be determined through quantitative testing. Then, by using the fracture area ratio, pore area ratio, and standard pore volume corresponding to each pore size, the characterization data of porosity and fractures in shale reservoirs under multi-scale pore sizes can be accurately obtained. Therefore, this application, through image analysis and quantitative testing, can achieve accurate characterization of porosity and fractures in shale reservoirs under multi-scale pore sizes, so as to accurately assess the reservoir capacity of shale reservoirs. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0047] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining pore and fracture characterization data in shale reservoirs, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a high-resolution scanning electron microscope image provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 3a A typical image recognition flowchart provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 3b This is another typical image recognition flowchart provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 3c This is another typical image recognition flowchart provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 3d This is another typical image recognition flowchart provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 4a A schematic diagram of pore volume data for different pore sizes determined by carbon dioxide adsorption experiments provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 4b A schematic diagram of pore volume data for different pore sizes determined by nitrogen adsorption experiments provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 4c A schematic diagram of pore volume data for different pore sizes determined by high-pressure mercury intrusion experiments provided in this application embodiment;

[0056] Figure 4d This is a schematic diagram of the full-pore size characterization of shale provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 5a This application provides a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showing the cumulative pore area of ​​the pores in an embodiment of the invention.

[0058] Figure 5b This application provides a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showing the cumulative area of ​​cracks in an embodiment.

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the area ratio of pores and cracks in a large-scale scanning electron microscope image provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 7A full-diameter pore and crack distribution diagram provided for embodiments of this application;

[0061] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a device for determining pore and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs provided in this application embodiment;

[0062] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0063] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of this application.

[0064] It should be noted that, in the optional embodiments of this application, the data related to object information, when applied to specific products or technologies, requires the permission or consent of the object. Furthermore, the collection, use, and processing of this data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards of the relevant countries and regions. In other words, if the embodiments of this application involve data related to an object, it must be obtained with the object's authorization and consent, the authorization and consent of relevant departments, and in accordance with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards of the country and region. If the embodiments involve personal information, the acquisition of all personal information requires the individual's consent. If sensitive information is involved, the separate consent of the information subject is required. The embodiments also need to be implemented with the object's authorization and consent.

[0065] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0066] Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article, unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0067] In existing approaches, unconventional reservoir characterization refers to the systematic description and quantification of the microscopic pore structure, fracture system, mineral composition, and fluid occurrence characteristics of tight, low-permeability reservoirs through various technical means and theoretical methods, in order to reveal their storage and permeability capabilities. Studies of pores and fractures in shale reservoirs are often independent, focusing more on pore structure characteristics while neglecting the contribution of fractures to the storage capacity of shale reservoirs. Therefore, previous studies have struggled to accurately evaluate the storage capacity of shale reservoirs.

[0068] Currently, the academic community employs diverse methods to characterize shale pore structure, including quantitative testing and image analysis. Quantitative testing includes gas adsorption methods, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), while image analysis encompasses two main approaches: conventional optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), computed tomography (CT), and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM). However, analysis reveals that single methods are only suitable for characterizing pores or fractures at specific scales and cannot characterize the pores and fractures of shale reservoirs. Therefore, a novel evaluation method for the shale pore and fracture system is needed, which is crucial for a comprehensive and objective evaluation of shale reservoirs.

[0069] Therefore, in this application embodiment, a method, apparatus, equipment and medium for determining pore and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs are provided to achieve accurate characterization of pores and fractures in shale reservoirs, so as to accurately evaluate the storage capacity of shale reservoirs.

[0070] See Figure 1 The following is a flowchart of a method for determining pore and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs, provided in an embodiment of this application. The method includes the following steps:

[0071] S101. Obtain a mosaic image of the shale sample surface using a scanning electron microscope;

[0072] In this application, due to the complex pore and fracture structure of shale reservoirs, which not only contain micro- and nano-scale pores but also multi-scale micro-fractures, this application requires the combination of image analysis and quantitative testing to collect characterization data on shale reservoir pores and fractures.

[0073] When analyzing shale samples using image analysis methods, it is first necessary to acquire a mosaic image of the shale sample surface using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and then identify the total area of ​​pores and fractures corresponding to multi-scale pore sizes from the mosaic image. In another embodiment of this application, the process of acquiring a mosaic image of the shale sample surface using a SEM includes: selecting a target area from the surface of the SEM sample using a SEM; wherein the SEM sample is generated after preparing a shale core sample; taking pictures of the target area using the SEM to acquire a predetermined number of images, and then stitching the predetermined number of images together to obtain a mosaic image.

[0074] Specifically, when determining the pore fracture characterization data, it is first necessary to prepare fresh shale core samples, and then prepare shale core samples in two shapes: blocky and cylindrical. For example, blocky shale core samples of 1cm × 1cm × 0.5cm and cylindrical shale core samples of 5cm in length and 2.5cm in diameter. The process of preparing the scanning electron microscope (SEM) samples used in this application is as follows: select a blocky shale core sample, mechanically polish its 1cm × 1cm top surface, and then polish it with argon ion to prepare the SEM sample.

[0075] After obtaining the SEM sample, a target region needs to be selected from the sample surface using the SEM. This target region is the SEM imaging field of view. When selecting the target region, observation should first be performed at a large field of view (scale bar 5 μm). After observing the entire sample, a typical area is selected for high-resolution observation (scale bar 200 nm). A 400 μm × 400 μm target region is then selected for SEM stitching. SEM stitching involves combining a predetermined number of high-resolution images into a single stitched image with a large field of view. This stitched image can also be called a large stitched image. The predetermined number can be 10,000, meaning the stitched image is generated by stitching together 10,000 high-resolution images. This application solves the problems of low resolution in large field-of-view SEM images and small area in high-resolution images through SEM stitching.

[0076] S102. Extract the pore parameters of each pore in the stitched image, and determine the total area of ​​the pores corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter based on each pore parameter; wherein, the pores include cracks and pores, and the total area of ​​the pores includes the total area of ​​cracks and the total area of ​​pores;

[0077] In this embodiment, after obtaining the stitched image, it is necessary to identify all pores and fissures in each image of the stitched image and extract the pore parameters of each pore and fissure to calculate the total crack area and total pore area corresponding to the pore diameter at each scale. This application refers to a whole encompassing pores and cracks of different scales and multiple types as a pore and fissure system. Therefore, after identifying all pores and fissures, this application needs to extract the pore parameters of all pores and fissures in order to identify the type of pore and fissure and calculate the total area.

[0078] In another embodiment of this application, extracting the hole parameters of each hole in the stitched image includes: identifying each image in the stitched image using an image extraction model and extracting the hole parameters of each hole in each image; wherein the image extraction model is generated by training a predetermined number of images in the stitched image.

[0079] In this application, 100 images from the large-format scanning electron microscope (SEM) images can be selected to train the model, resulting in an image extraction model suitable for pores and fractures in the shale photographs. This image extraction model is then used to perform image recognition on all the large-format images and extract the pore parameters for each pore or fracture. These pore parameters include the maximum diameter (Zmin), minimum diameter (Zmax), and area. Specifically, this application can extract the pore parameters from the photographs using the Weka plugin in Fiji software (image processing software), including the pore parameters for both pores and fractures.

[0080] After extracting the pore parameters, this application can determine the total area of ​​the pores corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter based on the pore parameters. In another embodiment of this application, the process of determining the total area of ​​the pores corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter based on the pore parameters includes: calculating the roundness of each pore based on the maximum and minimum diameters of each pore; comparing the roundness of each pore with a predetermined threshold to identify cracks and pores in the pores; determining the total crack area corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter using the minimum diameter of each crack as the pore diameter, and determining the total pore area corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter using the minimum diameter of each pore as the pore diameter.

[0081] Specifically, the hole parameters in this application include the maximum diameter (Zmin), minimum diameter (Zmax), and area of ​​each hole. In this embodiment, the roundness of each hole can be calculated using the maximum and minimum diameters. Formula (1) is the roundness calculation formula:

[0082] (1)

[0083] In Formula 1, Zmin is the minimum diameter of a single aperture measured in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image, in nm; Zmax is the maximum diameter of a single aperture measured in the SEM image, in nm; and Area is the area of ​​a single aperture measured in the SEM image, in nm. .

[0084] After calculating the roundness of each pore using formula (1), the roundness of each pore needs to be compared with a predetermined threshold to identify cracks and pores in the pores. In this embodiment, the predetermined threshold can be 0.25, that is: pores with a Y value less than 0.25 are identified as cracks, and pores with a Y value greater than or equal to 0.25 are identified as pores. The pores and cracks selected by the scanning electron microscope are distinguished, and the total crack area and total pore area of ​​each pore and crack at a certain scale are calculated. Specifically, the formulas for calculating the total crack area and total pore area at different scales are shown in formulas (2) and (3).

[0085] (2)

[0086] (3)

[0087] In formula (2), This represents the area of ​​each crack corresponding to the smallest diameter z of the aperture. This represents the area of ​​each pore with the smallest diameter z as the aperture. This represents the total area of ​​the crack with a minimum diameter of Z in a large-format scanning electron microscope image, expressed in units of... ; This represents the total area of ​​pores with a minimum diameter of Z in a large-format scanning electron microscope image, expressed in units of Z. It should be noted that the total crack area and total pore area calculated in this embodiment are the total crack area and total pore area corresponding to different scale pore diameters. In order to distinguish the scale pore diameter of the total area from the scale pore diameter of the standard pore volume, this application refers to the scale pore diameter of the total crack area and the total pore area as the first scale pore diameter.

[0088] S103. Perform quantitative testing on shale samples to determine the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size;

[0089] In this application, the full-pore-scale characterization of pores and fractures is completed by combining scanning electron microscopy (qualitative) and gas adsorption (quantitative). Therefore, this application also requires quantitative testing of shale samples to determine the standard pore volume corresponding to different pore sizes. In this embodiment, to distinguish it from the pore size based on the total area, the pore size based on the standard pore volume is referred to as the second-scale pore size. For example, the first-scale pore size for the total fracture area and the total pore area can be 8 nm, 9 nm, 10 nm, etc., while the second-scale pore size for the standard pore volume can be 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, etc.

[0090] In another embodiment of this application, quantitative testing of shale samples to determine the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size includes:

[0091] Carbon dioxide adsorption experiments were conducted on powdered shale core samples to obtain the first standard pore volume corresponding to the pore size at each scale of the micropores; nitrogen adsorption experiments were conducted on powdered shale core samples to obtain the second standard pore volume corresponding to the pore size at each scale of the mesopores; high-pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry experiments were conducted on cylindrical shale core samples to obtain the third standard pore volume corresponding to the pore size at each scale of the macropores; and the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size was obtained by using the first, second, and third standard pore volumes.

[0092] In this application, carbon dioxide adsorption and nitrogen adsorption experiments can be performed on powdered shale core samples. These powdered shale core samples can be prepared as 50-100 mesh powder by pulverizing a block sample obtained from a scanning electron microscope. Then, high-pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry (HS-MP) experiments are performed on cylindrical shale core samples. These three experiments, due to their different principles, are typically used to characterize the pore volume distribution of different pore sizes: carbon dioxide adsorption characterizes micropores (pores with a diameter less than 2 nm), nitrogen adsorption characterizes mesopores (pores with a diameter of 2-50 nm), and H-MP-MP characterizes macropores (pores with a diameter greater than 50 nm). Using these three experiments, a quantitative reservoir characterization of the entire pore size of the shale reservoir is completed. This quantitative reservoir characterization includes: the first standard pore volume corresponding to each scale of micropores, the second standard pore volume corresponding to each scale of mesopores, and the third standard pore volume corresponding to each scale of macropores.

[0093] It should be noted that a weighted average is needed to complete the data overlap in the overlapping parts of the two experiments. Pore volume data of the shale was obtained. Currently, the nitrogen adsorption data and high-pressure mercury intrusion data have overlapping parts in the 30~100nm range. The pore volume of this part of the data was calculated using formula (4) to obtain the characterization pore volume, thus completing the quantitative characterization of the full pore volume of the sample.

[0094] (4)

[0095] in, This represents the standard well volume of the sample, in units of... ; This represents the nitrogen adsorption pore volume of the sample, in units of... ; This represents the high-pressure mercury injection pore volume of the sample, in units of... ; The nitrogen adsorption pore volume weight of the sample is dimensionless. The value represents the volume weight of the high-pressure mercury intrusion pores in the sample, which is dimensionless.

[0096] In other words, if different experiments do not overlap in terms of pore size, the quantitative characterization of the total pore volume of the sample includes: the first standard pore volume corresponding to each pore size of the micropore, the second standard pore volume corresponding to each pore size of the mesopore, and the third standard pore volume corresponding to each pore size of the macropore; if different experiments overlap in terms of the target pore size, the standard pore volume of the sample in the target pore size is obtained based on the different pore volumes of different experiments in the target pore size and the pore volume weights of different experiments.

[0097] For example, when calculating the standard pore volume of a sample with a pore size of 30 nm, it is necessary to multiply the nitrogen adsorption pore volume of the sample with a pore size of 30 nm by the weight of the nitrogen adsorption pore volume of the sample to obtain the first pore volume, and multiply the high-pressure mercury intrusion pore volume of the sample with a pore size of 30 nm by the weight of the high-pressure mercury intrusion pore volume of the sample to obtain the second pore volume. The sum of the first pore volume and the second pore volume can be used to obtain the standard pore volume of the sample with a pore size of 30 nm.

[0098] S104. Based on the total crack area and total pore area corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter, calculate the crack area ratio and pore area ratio corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter.

[0099] It should be noted that, based on the Delesse principle, for a material with a uniform structure, the area fraction of a certain component on any cross section is equal to the volume fraction of that component in three-dimensional space, see formula (5), that is: the expected value of the volume fraction of pores EV is equal to the expected value of the area fraction on a random cross section EA.

[0100] (5)

[0101] In the formula, EV represents the expected volume of the pore, in units of ; EA represents the expected area of ​​the pore in the large-format scanning electron microscope image, in units of .

[0102] However, discrepancies exist in practice, primarily due to an insufficient number of two-dimensional images. In this application, however, the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) stitching technology results in over 10,000 images, eliminating this factor. Therefore, in this application, characterization data for different full-aperture sizes can be determined based on this principle.

[0103] In another embodiment of this application, the process of calculating the proportion of crack area and the proportion of pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture based on the total crack area and the total pore area corresponding to each first-scale aperture includes: if the first-scale aperture and the second-scale aperture do not match, then using the total crack area and the total pore area corresponding to each first-scale aperture, calculating the target total crack area and the target total pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture; calculating the sum of the target total crack area and the target total pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture to generate the total area of ​​the pores; generating the proportion of crack area based on the target total crack area and the total pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture; and generating the proportion of pore area based on the target total pore area and the total pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture.

[0104] Specifically, due to the high frequency and large number of data points acquired by large-scale data acquisition, while the number of data points representing the full pore size is relatively small, there is a mismatch between the first-scale pore size and the second-scale pore size. For example, the first-scale pore size may be 8nm, 9nm, 10nm, etc., while the second-scale pore size of the standard pore volume may be 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, etc. Therefore, in this application, the total crack area and total pore area corresponding to each first-scale pore size can be used to calculate the target total crack area and target total pore area corresponding to each second-scale pore size. For example, based on the total crack area and total pore area of ​​pore sizes of 8nm, 9nm, 10nm, etc., the target total crack area and target total pore area of ​​pore sizes of 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, etc. can be calculated.

[0105] In this embodiment, when calculating the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore, the data obtained from the large-scale data acquisition can be summed cumulatively. Using the full-pore-diameter characterization data points as the standard, the interpolated average pore-diameter value of the large-scale data is matched with the full-pore-diameter characterization data points. The specific formulas for the cumulative summation are shown in formulas (6) and (7):

[0106] (6)

[0107] (7)

[0108] in, This represents the total area of ​​cracks with a diameter less than z in a large-format scanning electron microscope image, expressed in units of... ; This represents the total area of ​​pores with a diameter smaller than z in a large-format scanning electron microscope image, expressed in units of z. Furthermore, when calculating the cumulative total area, formulas (6) and (7) can be used to calculate the total area of ​​cracks and the total area of ​​pores from pore diameter 8 to pore diameter z, since the minimum pore diameter is 8.

[0109] After calculating the total area of ​​the crack with aperture z and the total area of ​​the pores using formulas (6) and (7) above, the average total area matching each second-size aperture is calculated based on the second-size aperture of the full-aperture characterization data points. Using the example above, we will only illustrate this by calculating the total area of ​​the target crack: If the cumulative total area of ​​the cracks calculated in the large-format scanning electron microscope image includes: the cumulative total area with an aperture of 8 nm, the cumulative total areas with apertures of 8 nm and 9 nm, the cumulative total areas with apertures from 8 nm to 10 nm, etc., then when calculating the total area of ​​the target crack with an aperture of 10 nm, we can subtract the cumulative total area with an aperture of 8 nm from the cumulative total area with an aperture of 18 nm, and then divide by 10 to obtain the average total area, which is the total area of ​​the target crack with an aperture of 10 nm. Through the above method, the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pores corresponding to each second-size aperture can be calculated.

[0110] It is understandable that both image analysis and quantitative testing can characterize the reservoir space of shale reservoirs, but scanning electron microscopy can perform qualitative characterization while quantitative characterization is possible across the entire pore size. Therefore, in this application, the proportion of reservoir space in pores and fractures can be distinguished based on scanning electron microscopy, and the proportion of fracture area and pore area in that pore size can be calculated. Substituting the proportion of fracture area and pore area into the full-pore size characterization data can achieve full-pore size characterization of pores and fractures.

[0111] Therefore, after calculating the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore corresponding to each second-scale aperture through the above process, this application can calculate the crack area ratio and pore area ratio corresponding to each second-scale aperture through formulas (8) and (9):

[0112] (8)

[0113] (9)

[0114] in, The crack area ratio of aperture z in a large-format scanning electron microscope image is dimensionless. The pore area ratio of aperture z in a large-format scanning electron microscope image is dimensionless.

[0115] As can be seen from formulas (8) and (9), after calculating the sum of the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore corresponding to each second-scale aperture, and generating the total area of ​​the pores, it is necessary to generate the crack area ratio based on the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the pore corresponding to each second-scale aperture; and generate the pore area ratio based on the total area of ​​the target pore and the total area of ​​the pore corresponding to each second-scale aperture. For example, when the second-scale aperture is 10nm, the total area of ​​the pore is generated by calculating the sum of the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore at 10nm, and then the total area of ​​the target crack at 10nm is divided by the total area of ​​the pore to obtain the crack area ratio, and the total area of ​​the target pore at 10nm is divided by the total area of ​​the pore to obtain the pore area ratio, and so on, to calculate the crack area ratio and pore area ratio corresponding to each second-scale aperture.

[0116] S105. Using the proportion of crack area, the proportion of pore area, and the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter, determine the pore and crack characterization data; the pore and crack characterization data includes the sample crack volume and sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter.

[0117] In another embodiment of this application, the determination of pore characterization data using the crack area ratio, pore area ratio, and standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter includes: calculating the product of the crack area ratio and the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter to generate the sample crack volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter; and calculating the product of the pore area ratio and the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter to generate the sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter.

[0118] Specifically, this application can calculate the sample crack volume and sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size using formulas (10) and (11):

[0119] (10)

[0120] (11)

[0121] in, The crack area ratio of aperture z in a large-format scanning electron microscope image is dimensionless. The pore area ratio of aperture z in a large-format scanning electron microscope image is dimensionless. The standard pore volume of a sample with pore size z is given in units of z. ; The sample crack volume is given by aperture z, in units of... ; The sample pore volume is given by pore size z, in units of... .

[0122] As can be seen from the above formula, the pore characterization data in this application includes the sample crack volume and sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter. For example, when the second-scale pore diameter is 10 nm, the sample crack volume of 10 nm is generated by calculating the product of the crack area ratio corresponding to 10 nm and the standard pore volume; the sample pore volume of 10 nm is generated by calculating the product of the pore area ratio of 10 nm and the standard pore volume.

[0123] To clearly illustrate this scheme, we take the sample from the Guirongdi 3 well at a burial depth of 1697.10m in the Guizhong Depression as an example. The sample belongs to the organic-containing siliceous shale facies, characterized by high maturity and well-developed organic matter. Furthermore, the study area has undergone intense tectonic activity, resulting in numerous tectonic and diagenetic microfractures, making it suitable for characterizing the pore-fracture system of shale reservoirs.

[0124] This embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0125] (1) After pretreatment such as grinding and argon ion splitting, high-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the sample were obtained. These high-resolution SEM images were composed of 100×100 images to form a large-format image of 400×400μm. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The figure shows a high-resolution scanning electron microscope image provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in the figure, the image on the left includes 100 images of 40×40μm, and each 40×40μm image includes 100 images of 4×4μm, for a total of 10,000 images.

[0126] (2) Based on the weka plugin in IMAGEJ software, quantitative extraction of pore and fracture images from shale photographs of the 1697.10m sample in Well 3 of the Guirongdi Depression was performed. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3a This is a schematic diagram of a high-resolution scanning electron microscope image provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3a This is a high-resolution 4×4μm scanning electron microscope image. Figure 3a In scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, pores and mineral matrix are artificially distinguished. Areas containing mineral components and organic matter are delineated in green, while areas containing pores are delineated in red. (See [link to SEM image]). Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram of the delineated scanning electron microscope (SEM) image provided in this embodiment. One hundred 4×4μm images from the SEM composite image were selected and delineated separately. A model for extracting pores and fractures from the shale images was trained. All pores and fractures were extracted using the trained model, and it was determined whether they met expectations. If not, the area was re-delineated, and the process was repeated. Figure 3b This step continues until the result meets expectations; see [link / reference]. Figure 3c This is a schematic diagram of the model extraction results provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3cThe mineral matrix and pore / fracture areas have been delineated using green and red colors. See also: Use this model to perform image recognition on all the photos in the large mosaic. Figure 3d This is a schematic diagram of the model recognition results provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3d This image shows the result of recognition using a trained image extraction model. The red area represents the identified pore spaces, including pores and cracks, while the green area represents matrix minerals and organic matter. The Weka software can be used to statistically analyze the red region of the image, determining its quantity, area, minimum length, minimum width, and other information, thereby obtaining quantitative pore data parameters.

[0127] (3) The high-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the 1697.10m sample from Well 3 in the Guirongdi depression was binarized and converted into a two-dimensional black and white photograph. 100 images from the SEM mosaic were selected for training to develop an image extraction model for pores and fractures in the shale photographs. This model was then used to perform image recognition on all the mosaic images to extract the pore and fracture parameter data. See Table 1 for the pore parameter data provided in this embodiment of the application.

[0128] Table 1

[0129]

[0130] (4) The roundness of the pores and cracks identified according to the above scheme is determined by the ratio of Zmin to Zmax. The pores and cracks are distinguished by the roundness of 0.25. The pores and cracks with the same diameter are calculated separately to obtain the area of ​​pores and cracks with different diameters. See Table 2, which is the data table of large-format photo recognition parameters provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0131] Table 2

[0132]

[0133] (5) Conduct gas adsorption and high-pressure mercury intrusion experiments, and process the experimental data of carbon dioxide adsorption, nitrogen adsorption, and high-pressure mercury intrusion respectively. See [reference needed]. Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram showing pore volume data for different pore sizes determined by carbon dioxide adsorption experiments provided in the embodiments of this application. See also... Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of pore volume data for different pore sizes determined by nitrogen adsorption experiments provided in the embodiments of this application. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4c This is a schematic diagram of pore volume data for different pore sizes determined by high-pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry experiments provided in this application embodiment. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4d This is a schematic diagram of the full pore size characterization of shale provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0134] (6) Because the data obtained from the large-scale data acquisition is frequent and has many data points, while the data points for full-pore size characterization are fewer, the data obtained from the large-scale data acquisition are summed. Using the full-pore size characterization data points as the standard, the interpolated average pore size of the large-scale data is matched with the data points for full-pore size characterization. Then, the pore area ratio and crack area ratio are calculated. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5a The image shown is a cumulative pore area image obtained from a large-scale scanning electron microscope (SEM) simulation provided in this application embodiment. (See also...) Figure 5b This is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showing the cumulative crack area in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the area ratio of pores and cracks in a large-scale scanning electron microscope image provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0135] (7) Using the above formulas (10) and (11), the fracture pore volume and pore volume at the full pore size are calculated based on the fracture area ratio and pore area ratio. See [reference needed]. Figure 7 This is a full-diameter distribution diagram of pores and cracks provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0136] In summary, traditional methods for comprehensively evaluating the porosity and fractures of shale reservoirs typically only study one type of porosity or fracture, making it difficult to quantitatively evaluate them separately at multiple scales using a single technique. This application addresses this by combining scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image processing, gas adsorption, and high-pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry (HSI) to quantitatively characterize the shale pore and fracture system. This approach allows for a direct understanding of the distribution characteristics of porosity and fractures at different scales, enabling accurate evaluation of the reservoir's storage capacity. Furthermore, this application utilizes SEM to obtain a large number of high-resolution images and employs machine learning algorithms to identify porosity and fractures, preventing inaccurate identification due to a small field of view.

[0137] The following describes the hole and crack characterization data determination device provided in the embodiments of this application. The hole and crack characterization data determination device described below and the hole and crack characterization data determination method described above can be referred to each other.

[0138] See Figure 8 , Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a device for determining pore and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs provided in this application embodiment is shown. The device specifically includes:

[0139] The acquisition module 11 is used to acquire a mosaic image of the shale sample surface using a scanning electron microscope;

[0140] Extraction module 12 is used to extract the hole parameters of each hole seam in the stitched image;

[0141] The first determining module 13 is used to determine the total area of ​​the pores corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter based on each pore parameter; wherein the pores include cracks and pores, and the total area of ​​the pores includes the total area of ​​cracks and the total area of ​​pores;

[0142] The second determination module 14 is used to perform quantitative testing on shale samples and determine the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size.

[0143] Calculation module 15 is used to calculate the proportion of crack area and the proportion of pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture based on the total crack area and the total pore area corresponding to each first-scale aperture.

[0144] The third determining module 16 is used to determine the pore and crack characterization data by using the crack area ratio, pore area ratio and standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter; the pore and crack characterization data includes the sample crack volume and sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter.

[0145] As an optional embodiment, the first determining module is specifically used for:

[0146] The roundness of each hole / slot is calculated based on its maximum and minimum diameters; the hole parameters include: the maximum diameter of the hole / slot, the minimum diameter of the hole / slot, and the area of ​​the hole / slot.

[0147] The roundness of each hole is compared with a predetermined threshold to identify cracks and pores in the holes.

[0148] Using the minimum diameter of each crack as the aperture, determine the total crack area corresponding to each first-scale aperture; using the minimum diameter of each pore as the aperture, determine the total pore area corresponding to each first-scale aperture.

[0149] As an optional embodiment, the acquisition module is specifically used for:

[0150] Target regions are selected from the surface of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) sample using a scanning electron microscope (SEM); wherein the SEM sample is generated after preparation of a shale core sample.

[0151] The scanning electron microscope is used to take pictures of the target area to obtain a predetermined number of images, and the predetermined number of images are stitched together to obtain a stitched image.

[0152] As an optional embodiment, the extraction module is specifically used for:

[0153] Each image in the stitched image is identified using an image extraction model, and the hole parameters of each hole in each image are extracted; wherein, the image extraction model is generated by training a predetermined number of images in the stitched image.

[0154] As an optional embodiment, the second determining module is specifically used for:

[0155] Carbon dioxide adsorption experiments were conducted on powdered shale core samples to obtain the first standard pore volume corresponding to the pore size at various scales of the micropores.

[0156] Nitrogen adsorption experiments were conducted on powdered shale core samples to obtain the second standard pore volume corresponding to the pore diameters at various scales of the mesopore.

[0157] High-pressure mercury intrusion experiments were conducted on cylindrical shale core samples to obtain the third standard pore volume corresponding to the pore size of each macropore.

[0158] By using the first standard orifice volume, the second standard orifice volume, and the third standard orifice volume, the standard orifice volume corresponding to each second-scale orifice diameter is obtained.

[0159] As an optional embodiment, the computing module is specifically used for:

[0160] If the first-scale aperture does not match the second-scale aperture, the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore corresponding to each first-scale aperture are used to calculate the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore corresponding to each second-scale aperture.

[0161] Calculate the sum of the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore corresponding to each second-scale aperture to generate the total area of ​​the pores;

[0162] The crack area ratio is generated based on the total target crack area and total pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture; the pore area ratio is generated based on the total target pore area and total pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture.

[0163] As an optional embodiment, the third determining module is specifically used for:

[0164] Calculate the product of the crack area ratio corresponding to each second-scale pore size and the standard pore volume to generate the sample crack volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size;

[0165] Calculate the product of the pore area ratio corresponding to each second-scale pore size and the standard pore volume to generate the sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size.

[0166] Figure 9 A structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0167] Memory 20 is used to store computer programs;

[0168] The processor 21 is configured to execute a computer program to implement the steps of the hole characterization data determination method as described in the above embodiments.

[0169] The electronic devices provided in this embodiment may include, but are not limited to, smartphones, tablets, laptops, or desktop computers.

[0170] The processor 21 may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. The processor 21 may be implemented using at least one hardware form selected from Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The processor 21 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as the Central Processing Unit (CPU), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may integrate a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the processor 21 may also include an Artificial Intelligence (AI) processor, which handles computational operations related to machine learning.

[0171] The memory 20 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory 20 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices or flash memory devices. In this embodiment, the memory 20 is used to store at least the following computer program 201, which, after being loaded and executed by the processor 21, is capable of implementing the relevant steps of the aperture characterization data determination method disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. In addition, the resources stored in the memory 20 may also include an operating system 202 and data 203, and the storage method may be temporary storage or permanent storage. The operating system 202 may include Windows, Unix, Linux, etc.

[0172] In some embodiments, the electronic device may further include a display screen 22, an input / output interface 23, a communication interface 24, a power supply 25, and a communication bus 26.

[0173] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 9 The structures shown do not constitute a limitation on electronic devices and may include more or fewer components than those shown.

[0174] In another exemplary embodiment, a computer storage medium is also provided, wherein the program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the data deduplication method described in any of the above method embodiments.

[0175] It is understood that if the hole characterization data determination method in the above embodiments is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the current technology, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and executes all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable ROM, register, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, magnetic disk, or optical disk, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0176] The various embodiments described in this specification are presented in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” used herein may also mean the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a specific order described or illustrated, unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0177] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying figures are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying figures may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0178] The above are only some embodiments of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining pore and fracture characterization data in shale reservoirs, characterized in that, include: A mosaic image of the shale sample surface was obtained using a scanning electron microscope; Extract the pore parameters of each pore in the stitched image, and determine the total area of ​​the pores corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter based on each pore parameter; wherein, the pores include cracks and pores, and the total area of ​​the pores includes the total area of ​​cracks and the total area of ​​pores; Quantitative tests were performed on shale samples to determine the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size; Based on the total crack area and total pore area corresponding to each first-scale pore size, calculate the crack area ratio and pore area ratio corresponding to each second-scale pore size. The pore and crack characterization data are determined by using the crack area ratio, pore area ratio, and standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter; the pore and crack characterization data includes the sample crack volume and sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter.

2. The method for determining pore characterization data according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the parameters of each hole, the total area of ​​the pores corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter is determined as follows: The roundness of each hole / slot is calculated based on its maximum and minimum diameters; the hole parameters include: the maximum diameter of the hole / slot, the minimum diameter of the hole / slot, and the area of ​​the hole / slot. The roundness of each hole is compared with a predetermined threshold to identify cracks and pores in the holes. Using the minimum diameter of each crack as the aperture, determine the total crack area corresponding to each first-scale aperture; using the minimum diameter of each pore as the aperture, determine the total pore area corresponding to each first-scale aperture.

3. The method for determining pore characterization data according to claim 1, characterized in that, Patched images of the shale sample surface were obtained using scanning electron microscopy, including: Target regions are selected from the surface of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) sample using a scanning electron microscope (SEM); wherein the SEM sample is generated after preparation of a shale core sample. The scanning electron microscope is used to take pictures of the target area to obtain a predetermined number of images, and the predetermined number of images are stitched together to obtain a stitched image.

4. The method for determining pore characterization data according to claim 3, characterized in that, Extracting the hole parameters of each slit in the stitched image, including: Each image in the stitched image is identified using an image extraction model, and the hole parameters of each hole in each image are extracted; wherein, the image extraction model is generated by training a predetermined number of images in the stitched image.

5. The method for determining pore characterization data according to claim 3, characterized in that, Quantitative testing was performed on shale samples to determine the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size, including: Carbon dioxide adsorption experiments were conducted on powdered shale core samples to obtain the first standard pore volume corresponding to the pore size at various scales of the micropores. Nitrogen adsorption experiments were conducted on powdered shale core samples to obtain the second standard pore volume corresponding to the pore diameters at various scales of the mesopore. High-pressure mercury intrusion experiments were conducted on cylindrical shale core samples to obtain the third standard pore volume corresponding to the pore size of each macropore. By using the first standard orifice volume, the second standard orifice volume, and the third standard orifice volume, the standard orifice volume corresponding to each second-scale orifice diameter is obtained.

6. The method for determining pore characterization data according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Based on the total crack area and total pore area corresponding to each first-scale pore size, the proportion of crack area and pore area corresponding to each second-scale pore size is calculated, including: If the first-scale aperture does not match the second-scale aperture, the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore corresponding to each first-scale aperture are used to calculate the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore corresponding to each second-scale aperture. Calculate the sum of the total area of ​​the target crack and the total area of ​​the target pore corresponding to each second-scale aperture to generate the total area of ​​the pores; The crack area ratio is generated based on the total target crack area and total pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture; the pore area ratio is generated based on the total target pore area and total pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture.

7. The method for determining pore characterization data according to claim 6, characterized in that, Using the crack area ratio, pore area ratio, and standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size, the pore fracture characterization data are determined as follows: Calculate the product of the crack area ratio corresponding to each second-scale pore size and the standard pore volume to generate the sample crack volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size; Calculate the product of the pore area ratio corresponding to each second-scale pore size and the standard pore volume to generate the sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size.

8. A device for determining pore and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire stitched images of the shale sample surface using a scanning electron microscope; The extraction module is used to extract the hole parameters of each hole in the stitched image; The first determining module is used to determine the total area of ​​the pores corresponding to each first-scale pore diameter based on each pore parameter; wherein the pores include cracks and pores, and the total area of ​​the pores includes the total area of ​​cracks and the total area of ​​pores; The second determination module is used to quantitatively test shale samples and determine the standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore size; The calculation module is used to calculate the proportion of crack area and the proportion of pore area corresponding to each second-scale aperture, based on the total crack area and the total pore area corresponding to each first-scale aperture. The third determining module is used to determine the pore and crack characterization data by using the crack area ratio, pore area ratio and standard pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter; the pore and crack characterization data includes the sample crack volume and sample pore volume corresponding to each second-scale pore diameter.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the method for determining pore and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for determining pore and fracture characterization data of shale reservoirs as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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