Locking devices for doors, especially aircraft interior doors.
By designing a locking device with a delay mechanism and a release element on the aircraft's interior doors, the opening of the doors is prevented within a delay time, thus solving the security risk of unauthorized personnel visually recognizing subsequent door openings and improving aircraft safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202480068726.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-11-15
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
Smart Images
Figure CN122094882A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a locking device for locking doors, particularly aircraft interior doors, comprising: An actuator capable of being adjusted between a first position and a second position, and A locking element connected to an actuating element, wherein by adjusting the actuating element from a first position to a second position, the locking element is movable between a closed position of closing the door and an open position of releasing the door.
[0002] The present invention also relates to a door having the locking device, particularly an aircraft interior door, and an aircraft having the door.
[0003] Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a method for delaying the unlocking of doors, particularly interior doors inside aircraft. Background Technology
[0004] Locking devices for doors, particularly for aircraft interior doors, are well-known. For example, locking devices are built into doors leading to the aircraft cockpit. To prevent unauthorized personnel from entering the cockpit, and especially to better protect the pilots from attacks from inside the cockpit, an auxiliary door can be installed in front of the cockpit door; this auxiliary door should close when the cockpit door is opened. Therefore, simultaneous opening of the cockpit door and the auxiliary door should be prevented. Currently, aircraft are not equipped with such auxiliary doors. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The object of this invention is to provide a locking device, a door, an aircraft, and a method of the type described at the beginning, aimed at reducing security risks, particularly those in air traffic. The locking device is designed to prevent a door equipped with it from being opened when the opening of a subsequent door (particularly a cockpit door) is visually identifiable, wherein the door equipped with the locking device leads to a subsequent door, such as the cockpit door. The locking device should be designed to be reliable and simple in structure. The door equipped with the locking device should be easy to open and close. The aircraft should be equipped with this door. The method should be reliable and easy to implement.
[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a locking device as claimed in claim 1, a door as claimed in claim 17, an aircraft as claimed in claim 19, and a method as claimed in claim 20. Advantageous embodiments and improvements are described in detail in the dependent claims.
[0007] The locking device according to the invention is characterized in that A delay device that can transition between an initial state and an ending state. Specifically, the delay device prevents the locking element from adjusting from the closed position to the open position in the initial state, and releases the locking element from adjusting from the closed position to the open position in the final state. In this configuration, the actuating element holds the delay device in its initial state when in the first position, and releases the delay device from its initial state to its final state when in the second position. The delay device is configured to transition from an initial state to an end state within a delay time by moving the actuating element from a first position to a second position, thereby enabling the locking element to move from a closed position to an open position after the delay time has elapsed.
[0008] Therefore, this locking device is used for locking and unlocking doors, particularly aircraft interior doors, which may be installed upstream of the cockpit door. For this purpose, the locking device has an actuating element adjustable between a first position and a second position. This actuating element is preferably partially covered by the door trim or the housing of the locking device, so that a person cannot directly contact the actuating element to lock or unlock the door, but rather operates the actuating element preferably via a handle, particularly a rotary handle, connected to the actuating element. The locking device also has a locking element connected to the actuating element, wherein, by adjusting the actuating element from the first position to the second position, the locking element is movable between a closed position (closing the door) and an open position (releasing the door). The locking element may, for example, be at least one displaceable, pivotable, or rotatable pin, particularly a pin or flat body.
[0009] To prevent the door from being unlocked and opened when a person can visually perceive the opening of a subsequent door (especially an aircraft cockpit door), the locking device includes a delay mechanism capable of transitioning between an initial state and an end state. The delay mechanism is designed to prevent the locking element from adjusting from a closed to an open position in the initial state, and to release the adjustment in the end state. The end state does not necessarily mean the end of the movement initiated by the delay mechanism in the initial state. Therefore, if the delay mechanism can adjust from the initial state to a position beyond the end state, then the adjustment of the locking element from the closed to the open position can still be made in the end state, even to a further position if necessary. In other words, the adjustment of the locking element from the closed to the open position is prevented as long as the delay mechanism is between the initial and end states. To selectively trigger the adjustment of the locking element from the closed to the open position, the actuating element holds the delay mechanism in the initial state in a first position, and releases the transition of the delay mechanism from the initial to the end state in a second position. Therefore, the delay mechanism is at least temporarily coupled to the actuating element. Therefore, the door cannot be immediately unlocked and opened by operating the actuating element. The delay device is configured to transition from the initial state to the final state within a delay time by shifting the actuating element from a first position to a second position, so that the locking element can only move from the closed position to the open position after the delay time has elapsed. Thus, when a person intends to open the door by operating the actuating element with the handle, the actuating element activates the delay device, which releases the adjustment of the locking element from the closed position to the open position only after the delay time has elapsed, thereby opening the door. In this way, if a subsequent door (especially the cockpit door) can be seen being opened at the same time, it is possible to prevent the person from opening that door. Conversely, during the delay time, the subsequent door can be closed again to prevent the person from entering. Preferably, the delay time is independent of the speed at which the actuating element adjusts from the first position to the second position. Preferably, the delay time can be constant, except for changes related to aging.
[0010] It should be noted that the transition from the initial state to the final state of the aforementioned delay device can occur as soon as it leaves the first position, that is, during the transition of the actuating element to the second position. However, the transition of the delay device to the final state is preferably not completed until the actuating element is already in the second position. Therefore, a person can only further slow down the transition process of the delay device to the final state by operating the actuating element very slowly, and thus slow down the unlocking process of the door, but cannot speed up the process or bypass the delayed release of the door.
[0011] The delay time is preferably longer than the time it takes for the locking element to move from the closed position to the open position, in particular several times longer. Preferably, from the perspective of the person operating the door, the movement of the locking element from the closed position to the open position occurs substantially within zero time, for example, within 300 milliseconds. In contrast, the delay time is a non-zero time period.
[0012] If the description mentions positional and orientation information such as "top," "bottom," "front," "rear," or "side," this information refers to the intended use of the locking device or door. The term "vertical" refers to the direction of gravity, from "top" to "bottom," or vice versa, where the aircraft is in a horizontal position when used as an interior door. If the locking device or door is to be used in different locations, the positional and orientation information must be changed accordingly.
[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the delay time is at least 3 seconds, preferably at least 4 seconds, and particularly at least 5 seconds. Specifically, the delay time can be between 5 and 15 seconds, and particularly preferably between 5 and 10 seconds. A delay time set in this way allows sufficient measures to be taken to prevent unauthorized entry, such as closing subsequent doors, like cockpit doors, before unauthorized personnel can pass through doors with locking devices.
[0014] Particularly preferably, a release element is provided, which is adjustable between a holding position and a release position. In the holding position, the release element prevents the locking element from transitioning from a closed position to an open position, while in the release position, it releases the locking element from the closed position to the open position. The delay device has a trigger element designed to bring the release element from the holding position to the release position at the end of the delay device. Therefore, the release element, acting as a trigger, can be actuated by the delay device, so that the locking element does not transition from the closed position to the open position until the delay time has elapsed. When the end of the delay device is reached, the release element can spontaneously transition from the holding position to the release position. The delay device can continue beyond the end state. To prevent the locking element from transitioning from the closed position to the open position, the release element can, for example, engage a groove, particularly a recess, in the locking element when in the holding position.
[0015] To enable the release element to be in a predetermined release and holding position, it is advantageous to provide a release actuator to transfer the release element from the release position to the holding position. Preferably, a release spring is used as the release actuator, which preloads the release element in the holding position direction, thereby enabling the release element to overcome the spring force and transfer from the holding position to the release position. Therefore, the release element remains in the holding position as long as it is not transferred to the release position by a trigger element overcoming the spring force. The release spring can be, for example, a helical spring or a coil spring.
[0016] For a particularly simple and reliable design, the release element may have a rod pivotable about the bearing axis, wherein the rod preferably engages in a groove in the locking element when the release element is in the holding position. This rod can be connected to a release actuator, particularly a release spring, and thus can be preloaded into the holding position. Furthermore, the rod is capable of pivoting from the holding position to the release position against the force of the release spring.
[0017] To achieve a delayed movement of the locking element from the closed position to the open position, it is advantageous for the delay device to have a delay driver acting on the trigger element, particularly a delay drive spring preloaded in the initial state of the delay device. The delay driver moves the trigger element during the delay time, causing the release element to move to the release position in the final state of the delay device. The movement of the trigger element can begin from the adjustment of the actuating element from a first position to a second position. Therefore, the delay driver provides a force to move the trigger element from the initial state to the final state of the delay device, and preferably also provides a force to adjust the release element from the holding position to the release position. In the initial state of the delay device, the trigger element and the release element are spaced apart, while in the final state of the delay device, the trigger element is preferably displaced relative to the release element, such that in the final state of the delay device, the release element moves (particularly pivots) from the holding position to the release position.
[0018] The preload of the delay actuator, particularly the delay drive spring, can be designed to be adjustable using an adjusting element, thereby adjusting the force acting on the trigger element, and consequently, the moving speed of the trigger element and the delay time of the delay device. Preferably, the delay actuator is coupled to the trigger element. The delay drive spring can be, for example, a helical spring or a disc spring.
[0019] To ensure reliable movement of the locking element, an unlocking actuator, specifically an unlocking spring, can be provided, which moves the locking element from the closed position to the open position when the release element is in the released position. For this purpose, the unlocking spring is preferably preloaded when the locking element is in the closed position. Once the release element is in the released position, the unlocking spring relaxes and drives the locking element into the open position.
[0020] To achieve a particularly reliable design, the delay device includes a damper that dampens the movement of the trigger element under the action of the delay actuator, particularly the delay drive spring. Preferably, the damper that delays the movement of the trigger element is operatively connected to the trigger element for this purpose. The damper can be connected to an adjustment element to regulate the damping effect, thereby allowing adjustment of the moving speed of the trigger element, and consequently, the delay time of the delay device.
[0021] To achieve a space-saving and reliable structure, a rotary damper is preferably provided as the damper. The rotary damper can rotate to overcome mechanical resistance, thereby slowing down the movement of the triggering element.
[0022] A particularly stable structure can be configured in which the trigger element has a displacement element whose displacement is damped by a damper. The displacement element can be reliably installed and guided in the locking device in a particularly simple manner.
[0023] Particularly preferably, the displacement element is a rack or toothed rail that engages with a protrusion (particularly a tooth) on the damper (particularly a rotary damper). The engagement of the protrusion with the rack or toothed rail establishes a reliable connection between the trigger element and the damper and prevents slippage between the trigger element and the damper.
[0024] If the triggering element has a stop that engages with the actuating element in the first position during the initial state of the delay device, the actuating element can hold the delay device in the initial state by means of the stop. For example, the stop engages behind a portion of the actuating element. Preferably, the engagement between the stop and the actuating element is released when the actuating element moves from the first position to a second position, particularly when it is in the second position. Therefore, in the final state of the delay device, the stop is not necessarily engaged with the actuating element in the first position.
[0025] If the trigger element has a trigger contact surface, particularly a first lead-in chamfer, and the release element has a release contact surface, particularly a second lead-in chamfer, and the trigger and release contact surfaces are spaced apart from each other in the initial state of the delay device and contact each other in the final state of the delay device, then the release element can be moved from the holding position to the release position particularly reliably by means of the trigger element. During the delay time, as the trigger element moves close to the release element, the trigger contact surface begins to contact the release contact surface, thereby moving the release element to the release position. Specifically, as the trigger element moves near its end point, i.e., when the delay device is essentially in the final state, the first lead-in chamfer can slide on the second lead-in chamfer, thereby displacing the release element. For example, this converts the displacement motion of the trigger element into the pivoting motion of the release element. Specifically, the trigger element moves or pivots the release element to the release position by abutting against the trigger contact surface of the release contact surface.
[0026] To enable the unlocked door to be locked again by operating the actuation element, it is convenient to connect the actuation element to a return device. This return device is used to return the locking element from the open position to the closed position by adjusting the actuation element from the second position to the first position. Specifically, the displacement movement of the actuation element towards the first position can be converted into the return movement of the locking element towards the closed position by the return device.
[0027] It is particularly advantageous if the return device contacts the locking element when the locking element is in the open position, so that the locking element can be directly transferred from the open position to the closed position by adjusting the actuating element from the second position to the first position. Immediate transfer of the locking element from the open position to the closed position should be understood as a transfer with no delay time or with a minimum delay time, which is many times smaller than the delay time when the door is opened. For example, the locking element can be immediately transferred to the closed position in less than one second. Specifically, the process of transferring the locking element to the closed position can begin from the actuating element leaving the second position, thus, specifically, the movement of the actuating element in the direction of the first position begins simultaneously with the movement of the locking element in the direction of the closed position. Therefore, the time required to transfer the locking element to the closed position can be as long as the time required for the person operating the door to adjust the actuating element from the second position to the first position.
[0028] In certain embodiments, the return device may be configured with a lever assembly connected to the actuating element and a return element acting on the locking element, particularly a return slider. The lever assembly has the advantage of being particularly stable and reliable. The lever assembly preferably has at least one lever, preferably a toggle lever, which has two lever elements hinged to each other. If the actuating element is designed to be pivotable, it can be fixedly connected to one of the two lever elements of the toggle lever, so that pivoting of the actuating element directly causes adjustment of the toggle lever. In particular, the lever assembly can be designed to translate pivoting of the actuating element into displacement of the return element, thus shifting the locking element from an open position to a closed position. The return element may be specifically designed as a return slider, particularly a return plate or return ring, for abutting against and applying pressure to the locking element.
[0029] A particularly preferred option is a return element: - When the actuating element is in the first position, it rests against the locking element, particularly against the end face of the locking element. - When the actuating element is in the second position, it is spaced apart from the locking element in the initial state of the delay device, and - When the actuating element is in the second position, it rests against the locking element in the closed state of the delay device. Therefore, the locking element is held in the closed position by the return element when the actuating element is in the first position. When the actuating element is in the second position, in the initial state of the delay device, free space is provided between the return element and the locking element for adjusting the locking element from the closed position to the open position, particularly in the direction of the return element. When the actuating element is in the second position, in the closed state of the delay device, the locking element, particularly its end face, rests against the return element; therefore, the resting position of the locking element in the open position is defined by the return element.
[0030] The doors according to the present invention, particularly aircraft interior doors, include the following: Door panels, especially pivoting door panels, The door frame that surrounds the door leaf. According to the previously described locking device, the locking element of the locking device is arranged in the receiving part of the door frame in the closed position to prevent the movement of the door leaf, especially the pivoting of the door leaf. The handle, especially the rotary handle, is connected to the actuating element of the locking device.
[0031] The door can be installed inside the aircraft, particularly in front of the cockpit door, and therefore has a manually operable handle located on the door leaf. However, due to the presence of a locking device, the door does not unlock immediately after the handle is operated, but only after a delay time specified by the locking device has elapsed. Only after the delay time has elapsed can the door leaf move, specifically pivotally. The receiving portion of the door frame for the locking element can be formed from a strikeplate known in the prior art.
[0032] If the door has multiple observation ports, a person on one side of the door can verify at any time that no one is attempting to open the door from the other side. Specifically, the pilot in the cockpit can use the observation window or peephole on the cockpit door to check whether the door with a locking device on the cabin side is clear. If it is clear, the cockpit door can be opened. If someone is attempting to open the cockpit door from the cabin side using the locking device while it is open, the delay time of the locking device is still sufficient for the cockpit door to close again.
[0033] The present invention also relates to an aircraft having the previously described door.
[0034] As previously described, the method for delayed unlocking of a door (particularly an interior door inside an aircraft) according to the present invention includes the following steps: The operating handle, particularly the rotating handle, moves the actuating element from a first position to a second position. The delay device is transitioned from the initial state to the final state, wherein a delay time of at least 3 seconds is preferably followed, and more particularly, a delay time of at least 5 seconds is followed. After the delay time has elapsed, the locking element will be moved from the closed position to the open position.
[0035] The characteristics of this method can also be referred to the previous descriptions of locking devices, doors, and aircraft, provided that these descriptions aid in understanding the method and that its characteristics can be derived from the descriptions of locking devices, doors, and aircraft. Similarly, the characteristics of locking devices, doors, and aircraft can also be referred to the description of this method. Attached Figure Description
[0036] The invention will now be described in more detail based on preferred, non-limiting exemplary embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 The locking device according to the invention is shown in schematic cross-sectional view, wherein the actuating element is in a first position, the delay device is in an initial state, and the locking element is in a closed position; Figure 2 Showing Figure 1The locking device in the middle, wherein the actuating element is in the second position, the delay device is in the initial state, and the locking element is in the closed position; Figure 3 Showing Figure 1 The locking device in the middle, wherein the actuating element is in the second position, the delay device is in the end state, and the locking element is in the open position; Figure 4 A type of door, specifically an interior door of an aircraft, was demonstrated, which has Figure 1 The locking device and handle in the door, wherein the actuating element for preventing the door from moving is in the first position; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The door in the middle, with the area around the handle partially exposed to show the locking mechanism; Figures 6A to 6D Symbolic representations illustrating the relationship between the position of the handle and the position of the locking element; and Figure 7 It is a view of a portion of the aircraft's interior, including the cockpit door, which is equipped with a locking device.
[0037] It should be noted that, Figures 1 to 7 It may not be displayed to scale. Detailed Implementation
[0038] Figures 1 to 3 The locking device 1 for locking door 2 (particularly aircraft interior door 2a) is shown in three states in sectional view, wherein the locking device 1 is in the use position installed in door 2, that is, viewed from the front, the section extends vertically.
[0039] Figures 1 to 3 A locking device 1 is shown, which has the capability to lock in a first position P1 ( Figure 1 ) and second position P2 ( Figure 2 and Figure 3 The actuating element 3 and the locking element 4 connected to the actuating element 3 are adjustable between the first position P1 and the second position P2. By adjusting the actuating element 3 from the first position P1 to the second position P2, the locking element 4 can be closed in the closed position SS of the door 2. Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) and release door 2 opening position SO ( Figure 3 The locking element 4 can move between the closed position SS and the open position SO. In the example shown, the locking element 4 is capable of moving between the closed position SS and the open position SO. Figure 1 In the indicated state, the actuating element 3 is in the first position P1, wherein the symbolically shown handle 5, which is connected to the actuating element 3 and can be operated by a person to open the door 2, has not yet been operated to open the door 2. The locking element 4 is held in the closed position SS by the actuating element 3 in the first position P1, at which time the locking element 4 is locked to the door frame 7 ( Figures 1 to 3 The receiving portion 6 (not shown) engages with the door frame 7. The receiving portion 6 is designed, for example, as a recess or through-hole in the door frame 7. Therefore, in... Figure 1 In the state shown, door 2 is closed and locked.
[0040] Locking device 1 also has a delay device 8, which can delay in the initial state ZA ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) and the final state ZE ( Figure 3 The delay device 8 is designed to prevent the locking element 4 from adjusting from the closed position SS to the open position SO in the initial state ZA, and to release the adjustment of the locking element 4 from the closed position SS to the open position SO in the final state ZE. The delay device 8 is also designed to transition from the initial state ZA to the final state ZE within a delay time by moving the actuating element 3 from the first position P1 to the second position P2, so that the locking element 4 can move from the closed position SS to the open position SO after the delay time has elapsed. In the first position P1, the actuating element 3 holds the delay device 8 in the initial state ZA, while in the second position P2, the actuating element 3 releases the transition of the delay device 8 from the initial state ZA to the final state ZE. Therefore, when the handle 5 and thus the actuating element 3 are actuated to open the door 2, the locking element 4 can only move from the closed position SS to the open position SO after the delay time has elapsed. Therefore, the delay device 8 requires at least this delay time to transition from the initial state ZA to the final state ZE.
[0041] When the actuating element 3 is in the first position P1, it holds the delay device 8 in the initial state ZA. During the adjustment to the second position P2, i.e., from the moment the delay device 8 leaves the first position P1, the actuating element 3 is already able to release the transition of the delay device 8 from the initial state ZA to the final state ZE. Therefore, if the person actuates the handle 5 very slowly, such that the time taken to adjust from the first position P1 to the second position P2 is longer than the delay time, the time taken for the delay device 8 to transition from the initial state ZA to the final state ZE may also be longer than the delay time. Thus, the time elapsed from the start of actuating the handle 5 to the locking element 4 being in the open position SO may be extended beyond the delay time, for example, by several seconds, but cannot be shortened in any way. In any case, when the actuating element 3 is in the second position P2, the transition of the delay device 8 from the initial state ZA to the final state ZE is released.
[0042] The locking device 1 also has a release element 9, which can be held in the position PH ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) and release position PF ( Figure 3The delay device 8 is adjustable between the holding position PH and the open position SO, and is pivotable in the example shown. The release element 9 prevents the locking element 4 from transitioning from the closed position SS to the open position SO in the holding position PH, and releases the locking element 4 from the closed position SS to the open position SO in the release position PF. The delay device 8 also has a trigger element 10, which is designed to bring the release element 9 from the holding position PH to the release position PF in the end state ZE of the delay device 8. Therefore, in the end state ZE of the delay device 8, the release element 9 is in the release position PF.
[0043] During the delay time, the trigger element 10 is moved, so that in the final state ZE of the delay device 8, the release element 9 has been transferred to the release position PF by the trigger element 10. The trigger element 10 can be constructed in various ways, for example, it can be constructed as a rotating element. However, in the example shown, the trigger element 10 is designed as a displacement element 10a. In the example shown, the trigger element 10 has a trigger contact surface 11, in particular a first guide chamfer 11a. Furthermore, in the example shown, the release element 9 has a release contact surface 12, in particular a second guide chamfer 12a. Preferably, the trigger contact surface 11 or the first guide chamfer 11a and the release contact surface 12 or the second guide chamfer 12a are spaced apart from each other in the initial state ZA of the delay device 8, but contact each other in the final state ZE of the delay device 8. Therefore, during the movement of the delay device 8 to the final state ZE, the trigger element 10 can contact and adjust (in particular pivot) the release element 9, thereby transferring it to the release position PF. During this contact process, the trigger contact surface 11 can contact the release contact surface 12, see Figure 3 Specifically, the first inlet chamfer 11a can slide on the second inlet chamfer 12a. In this case, further movement of the trigger element 10 beyond the contact point with the release element 9 is not excluded.
[0044] A release actuator 13, preferably a release spring 13a, is provided to transfer the release element 9 from the release position PF to the holding position PH. The release spring 13a preferably preloads the release element 9 in the direction of the holding position PH, so that the release element 9 can move from the holding position PH to the release position PF by means of the trigger element 10 overcoming the spring force of the release spring 13a. After the trigger element 10 is removed from the release element 9 again, it returns to the holding position PH by the spring force of the release spring 13a. In the illustrated example, the release element 9 has a rod 15 pivotable about the bearing axis 14, which engages in a groove 16 of the locking element 4 when the release element 9 is in the holding position PH. When the trigger element 10 moves the release element 9 in the direction of the release position PF, the rod 15 disengages from the groove 16, thereby allowing the locking element 4 to be adjusted from the closed position SS to the open position SO.
[0045] In the example shown, the unlocking actuator 17, and specifically the unlocking spring 17a, is configured to move the locking element 4 from the closed position SS to the open position SO when the release element 9 is in the release position PF. The unlocking spring 17a is more tensioned when the locking element 4 is in the closed position SS than when it is in the open position SO, such that once the release element 9 is no longer engaged with the groove 16 of the locking element 4, the unlocking spring 17a moves the locking element 4 to the open position SO.
[0046] To drive the trigger element 10, the delay device 8 has a delay driver 18 acting on the trigger element 10, specifically a delay drive spring 18a preloaded in the initial state ZA of the delay device 8. During the delay time, the delay driver 18 moves the trigger element 10, thereby releasing the element 9 to the release position PF in the final state ZE of the delay device 8. The preload of the delay driver 18, and in particular the delay drive spring 18a, can be designed to be adjustable by means of an adjusting element 32, thereby adjusting the force acting on the trigger element 10, and consequently adjusting the moving speed of the trigger element 10 and the delay time of the delay device 8. The adjusting element 32 is, for example, a spacer 32a adjustable in the direction of and away from the delay drive spring 18a.
[0047] In the illustrated example, the trigger element 10 has a stop 19, which engages with the actuating element 3 in the first position P1 in the initial state ZA of the delay device 8. Furthermore, the trigger element 10 also contacts the delay drive spring 18a via the stop 19. The stop 19 may have a protrusion 20 against which the actuating element 3 abuts in the first position P1, and this protrusion prevents further adjustment of the actuating element 3 in the direction opposite to the second position P2.
[0048] Figures 1 to 3 The delay device 8 is also shown to have a damper 21, particularly a rotary damper 21a, wherein the damper 21 dampens, i.e., decelerates, the movement of the trigger element 10 under the action of the delay actuator 18, particularly under the action of the delay drive spring 18a. Specifically, the damper 21 decelerates the displacement of the trigger element 10, which is designed as a displacement element 10a. In the example shown, the displacement element 10a is designed as a rack 10b or a toothed track 10c, which engages with a protrusion 22 (particularly a tooth 22a) on the damper 21 (particularly the rotary damper 21a).
[0049] Figures 1 to 3An exemplary return device 23 of the locking device 1 is also shown. An actuating element 3 is connected to the return device 23 so that the locking element 4 can return from the open position SO to the closed position SS by adjusting the actuating element 3 from the second position P2 to the first position P1. In order to enable the locking element 4 to move directly from the open position SO to the closed position SS by adjusting the actuating element 3 from the second position P2 to the first position P1, the return device 23 preferably contacts the locking element 4 when the locking element 4 is in the open position SO. In the illustrated example, the return device 23 has a lever device 24 connected to the actuating element 3 and a return element 25 acting on the locking element 4. In the illustrated example, the lever device 24 has two levers, specifically a roggle lever 24a, which has two lever elements 24b hingedly connected to each other. One of the lever elements 24b is fixedly connected to the actuating element 3.
[0050] exist Figure 1 In the process, the actuating element 3 is in the first position P1, the delay device 8 is in the initial state ZA, the release element 9 is in the holding position PH, and the locking element 4 is in the closed position SS.
[0051] exist Figure 2 In the middle, the actuating element 3 has just been adjusted to the second position P2, the delay device 8 begins to leave the initial state ZA, but still shows that it is in the initial state ZA, the release element 9 is still in the holding position PH, and the locking element 4 is in the closed position SS.
[0052] exist Figure 3 In the middle, the actuating element 3 is still in the second position P2, the delay device 8 has entered the end state ZE, the release element 9 is in the release position PF, and the locking element 4 is in the open position SO.
[0053] If the handle 5 of door 2 has not been actuated to keep door 2 locked, then in the example shown, the actuating element 3 is in the first position P1, see [reference]. Figure 1In the first position P1 of the actuating element 3, specifically, the toggle lever 24a is slightly tilted and abuts against the frame 26, and the locking element 4 is displaceably accommodated in the frame, thus the actuating element 3 is also fixed in the first position P1. Since the unlocking actuator 17, in particular the unlocking spring 17a, is preloaded and pressed against the toggle lever 24a, the toggle lever 24a is also pressed into a slightly tilted position. In this case, the delay actuator 18, in particular the delay drive spring 18a, which is provided to drive the trigger element 10, is in a preloaded state. Since the delay device 8 is still connected to the actuating element 3, in particular engaged in the actuating element 3, the actuating element 3 still holds the delay device 8 in the first position P1, even though the preloaded delay actuator 18 is in the initial state ZA (where the release element 9 is held in the holding position PH by the release actuator 13, in particular the release spring 13a). In this holding position PH, the locking element 4 is held in the closed position SS by the release element 9, in particular by the engagement of the release element 9 in the locking element 4, thus the door 2 cannot be opened.
[0054] To achieve delayed unlocking of door 2, it is necessary for a person to actuate (especially twist) handle 5, thereby shifting the actuating element 3 connected to handle 5 from the first position P1 to the second position P2, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 As the actuating element 3 adjusts to the second position P2, the toggle lever 24 also adjusts, thereby separating the return element 25 from the locking element 4. Since the actuating element 3 has left the first position P1, the delay device 8 no longer remains in the initial state ZA. The delay actuator 18, particularly the delay drive spring 18a, causes the trigger element 10 to move (partially displace) in the direction of the release element 9. This displacement of the trigger element 10 is slowed by the action of the damper 21 (partially the rotary damper 21a). Due to the presence of the damper 21, the delay device 8 will be in the final state ZE at least after the delay time. Figure 3 In the final state ZE shown, the trigger element 10 has been shifted to a certain extent in the direction of the release element 9 by the delay driver 18, so that the trigger element 10 contacts the release element 9 and moves the release element 9 to the release position PF. In the release position PF, the release element 9 releases the locking element 4 and switches to the open position SO. The unlocking driver 17 moves the locking element 4 from the closed position SS to the open position SO, so that the door 2 can be opened. The unlocking driver 17 presses the locking element 4 against the return element 25. In order to lock the door 2 again, the actuating element 3 is moved from the second position P2 back to the first position P1, so that the locking element 4, which is leaning against the return element 25, is pushed back directly in the direction of the closed position SS. The adjustment of the actuating element 3 from the second position P2 to the first position P1 is made against the resistance of the damper 21 and against the force of the unlocking spring 17a and the delay drive spring 18a.
[0055] Figure 4 and Figure 5 The door 2 is shown, particularly the aircraft interior door 2a, which includes door leaf 27 (particularly the pivotable door leaf 27a), door frame 7 surrounding door leaf 27, and previously based on Figures 1 to 3 The locking device 1 (covered by the door leaf 27) and the handle 5 (particularly the rotary handle 5a) are connected to the actuating element 3 of the locking device 1. Figure 5 In the diagram, door leaf 27 is shown cut open in the area of locking device 1, solely for the purpose of observing locking device 1. The locking element 4 of locking device 1 is arranged in the closed position SS to prevent movement of door leaf 27 within the receiving portion 6 of door frame 7, particularly the pivoting of door leaf 27. Door leaf 27 has multiple observation ports 28.
[0056] Figures 6A to 6D The handle 5 and locking element 4 are shown in different positions. Figure 6A In this configuration, handle 5 is operated to open door 2 at least before a delay time (e.g., at least 5 seconds prior), thereby transferring actuating element 3 to the second position P2 and locking element 4 to the open position SO. Figure 6B In the middle, handle 5 has been operated to close door 2, thereby transferring actuator 3 to the first position P1, and locking element 4 is in the closed position SS. Figure 6C In this case, handle 5 is operated to reopen door 2 less than a delay time (e.g., less than 5 seconds), thereby transferring actuating element 3 to the second position P2, but locking element 4 remains in the closed position SS. Figure 6D In the middle, the delay time has passed, causing the locking element 4 to be in the state as follows. Figure 6A The opening position SO is shown.
[0057] Figure 7 A portion of the aircraft interior is shown, featuring an open cockpit door 29, an open aircraft lavatory door 30, and a door 2 with a locking device 1 in three positions: open (PO), closed (PG), and stowed (PV). In the stowed position (PV), door 2 is releasably secured to the aircraft's interior wall 31. When cockpit door 29 is closed, door 2 can remain in any of the three positions: open (PO), closed (PG), or stowed (PV). Before cockpit door 29 can be opened, door 2 is moved to the closed position (PG). If an attacker attempts to enter the cockpit from the passenger cabin through the open cockpit door 29 to track the pilot, the locking device 1 immediately prevents door 2 from opening. Door 2 will only open after a delay time has elapsed in the locking device 1. By this time, the pilot should have already closed cockpit door 29.
Claims
1. A locking device (1) for locking a door (2), particularly an aircraft interior door (2a), comprising: An actuator (3) capable of being adjusted between a first position (P1) and a second position (P2), and A locking element (4) connected to the actuating element (3) is movable between a closed position (SS) of closing the door (2, 2a) and an open position (SO) of releasing the door (2, 2a) by adjusting the actuating element (3) from the first position (P1) to the second position (P2). Its features are, Delay device (8), which is capable of transitioning between an initial state (ZA) and an ending state (ZE), The delay device (8) prevents the locking element (4) from adjusting from the closed position (SS) to the open position (SO) in the initial state (ZA), and releases the locking element (4) from adjusting from the closed position (SS) to the open position (SO) in the final state (ZE). In this configuration, the actuating element (3) holds the delay device (8) in the initial state (ZA) at the first position (P1), and releases the delay device (8) from the initial state (ZA) to the final state (ZE) at the second position (P2). The delay device (8) is configured to transfer the actuating element (3) from the first position (P1) to the second position (P2) by delay to transition from the initial state (ZA) to the final state (ZE) within the delay time, so that after the delay time has elapsed, the locking element (4) can move from the closed position (SS) to the open position (SO).
2. The locking device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The delay time is at least 3 seconds, preferably at least 4 seconds, and particularly at least 5 seconds.
3. The locking device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A release element (9) is adjustable between a holding position (PH) and a release position (PF), wherein, in the holding position (PH), the release element (9) prevents the locking element (4) from transitioning from the closed position (SS) to the open position (SO), and in the release position (PF), it releases the locking element (4) from transitioning from the closed position (SS) to the open position (SO). The delay device (8) has a trigger element (10) which is designed to bring the release element (9) from the holding position (PH) to the release position (PF) in the end state (ZE) of the delay device (8).
4. The locking device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that, A release actuator (13) is provided for transferring the release element (9) from the release position (PF) to the holding position (PH). Preferably, a release spring (13a) is provided as the release actuator (13). The release spring (13a) preloads the release element (9) in the direction of the holding position (PH), so that the release element (9) can overcome the elastic force of the release spring (13a) and transfer from the holding position (PH) to the release position (PF).
5. The locking device (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The delay device (8) has a delay driver (18) acting on the trigger element (10), particularly a delay drive spring (18a) preloaded in the initial state (ZA) of the delay device (8), wherein the delay driver (18) moves the trigger element (10) during the delay time, such that the release element (9) moves to the release position (PF) in the end state (ZE) of the delay device (8).
6. The locking device (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, An unlocking actuator (17) is provided, in particular an unlocking spring (17a), which moves the locking element (4) from the closed position (SS) to the open position (SO) when the release element (9) is in the released position (PF).
7. The locking device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The delay device (8) has a damper (21) which dampens the movement of the trigger element (10) under the action of the delay driver (18), especially under the action of the delay drive spring (18a).
8. The locking device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that, A rotary damper (21a) is provided as the damper (21).
9. The locking device (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The trigger element (10) has a displacement element (10a), the displacement of which is damped by the damper (21).
10. The locking device (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The displacement element (10a) is a rack (10b) or a toothed track (10c) that engages with a protrusion (22), particularly a tooth (22a), on the damper (21), particularly the rotary damper (21a).
11. The locking device (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that, The triggering element (10) has a stop (19) which engages with the actuating element (3) in the first position (P1) of the delay device (8) in the initial state (ZA).
12. The locking device (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that, The triggering element (10) has a triggering contact surface (11), particularly a first introductory chamfer (11a), and the release element (9) has a release contact surface (12), particularly a second introductory chamfer (12a). The contact surfaces (11, 12) are spaced apart from each other in the initial state (ZA) of the delay device (8) and in contact with each other in the final state (ZE) of the delay device (8).
13. The locking device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The actuating element (3) is connected to the return device (23) to return the locking element (4) from the open position (SO) to the closed position (SS) by adjusting the actuating element (3) from the second position (P2) to the first position (P1).
14. The locking device (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The return device (23) contacts the locking element (4) when the locking element (4) is in the open position (SO), thereby allowing the locking element (4) to move directly from the open position (SO) to the closed position (SS) by adjusting the actuating element (3) from the second position (P2) to the first position (P1).
15. The locking device (1) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The return device (23) has a lever device (24) connected to the actuating element (3) and a return element (25) acting on the locking element (4).
16. The locking device (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that, The return element (25) - When the actuating element (3) is in the first position (P1), it abuts against the locking element (4), particularly against the end face of the locking element (4). - When the actuating element (3) is in the second position (P2), in the initial state (ZA) of the delay device (8), it is spaced apart from the locking element (4), and - When the actuating element (3) is in the second position (P2), it rests against the locking element (4) in the end state (ZE) of the delay device (8).
17. A door (2), particularly an aircraft interior door (2a), comprising: Door leaf (27), especially pivotable door leaf (27a). The door frame (7) surrounds the door leaf (27, 27a). The locking device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the locking element (4) of the locking device (1) is arranged in the receiving part (6) of the door frame (7) in the closed position (SS) to prevent movement of the door leaf (27, 27a), particularly to prevent pivoting of the door leaf (27, 27a). The handle (5), particularly the rotary handle (5a), is connected to the actuating element (3) of the locking device (1).
18. The door (2, 2a) according to claim 17, characterized in that, The door (27, 27a) has multiple observation ports (28).
19. An aircraft having a door (2, 2a) as claimed in claim 17 or 18.
20. A method for delayed unlocking of a door (2, 2a) as described in claim 17 or 18, particularly an interior door inside an aircraft, comprising the following steps: Actuate the handle (5), in particular rotate the handle (5), thereby moving the actuating element (3) from the first position (P1) to the second position (P2). The delay device (8) is transitioned from the initial state (ZA) to the final state (ZE) after a delay period of preferably at least 3 seconds, particularly at least 5 seconds. After the delay time has elapsed, the locking element (4) is moved from the closed position (SS) to the open position (SO).