Horizontal spiral concentration centrifuge for coal chemical industry

Abstract

This invention discloses a horizontal spiral concentrator centrifuge for coal chemical industry, relating to the field of centrifuges. It includes a casing with an inner drum inside, a material distribution chamber within the inner drum, and a counter-current outlet and a parallel-current outlet positioned corresponding to the material distribution chamber. It also includes a boss located within the material distribution chamber, and symmetrical counter-current pressure plates and parallel-current pressure plates positioned corresponding to the counter-current and parallel-current outlets, respectively. Sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the parallel-current pressure plate, and a rotating shaft is slidably connected within the grooves. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a sealing plate used to close either the counter-current or parallel-current outlet. This invention utilizes a sealing plate that can slide and adjust its position to close one of the outlets, enabling convenient switching between counter-current and parallel-current discharge from the inner drum. This eliminates the need to disassemble the inner drum; only a simple operation of the push rod is required while the machine is stopped, effectively reducing downtime and improving the equipment's operating efficiency and flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of centrifuges, specifically a horizontal spiral concentrator centrifuge for coal chemical industry. Background Technology

[0002] A horizontal screw centrifuge is a high-efficiency device that uses centrifugal force to separate materials. Its core lies in the differential motion between the high-speed rotating drum and the screw feeder. This technology is widely used in the coal chemical industry. By optimizing the rotation speed, differential speed, and structural design, the separation efficiency and processing capacity are continuously improved, making it one of the key pieces of equipment for modern continuous centrifugal separation.

[0003] Existing horizontal screw centrifuges utilize the differential motion of centrifugal sedimentation and screw conveying to achieve continuous separation. Material enters a high-speed rotating drum, where, under strong centrifugal force, the solid phase settles to form a sludge layer, while the liquid phase forms an inner clear liquid layer. The screw conveyor and the drum have a speed difference, continuously pushing the sludge towards the discharge port, while the clarified liquid overflows from the other end, thus achieving continuous and automatic solid-liquid separation. The material entering the sedimentation section mainly includes two core designs: counter-current (small end feeding) and co-current (middle end feeding). In the counter-current design, the slurry flows in the opposite direction to the solid phase, resulting in a longer sedimentation path, which facilitates the full sedimentation of fine particles and yields a clearer liquid phase, but has a lower throughput and is suitable for fine separation. In the co-current design, the slurry and solid phases move in the same direction before separating, resulting in a shorter sedimentation path, higher throughput, better anti-clogging properties, and drier sludge, but fine particles are easily lost, making it suitable for separating high-concentration, coarse-particle materials.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, existing horizontal screw centrifuges generally require stopping the machine to replace the drums with different feeding methods to adapt to materials of different concentrations and particle sizes. This leads to production interruptions, reduced efficiency, and high maintenance costs, and makes it difficult to easily achieve rapid switching between counter-current and co-current discharge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a horizontal screw concentrator centrifuge for coal chemical industry, so as to solve the technical problem that existing horizontal screw centrifuges are difficult to quickly switch between counter-current and co-current discharge.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a horizontal spiral concentrator centrifuge for coal chemical industry, comprising a casing, an inner drum disposed within the casing, a material distribution chamber disposed within the inner drum, and a countercurrent outlet and a parallel flow outlet disposed at positions corresponding to the material distribution chamber, and further comprising a boss located within the material distribution chamber, and a countercurrent pressure plate and a parallel flow pressure plate disposed symmetrically corresponding to the countercurrent outlet and the parallel flow outlet, wherein sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the parallel flow pressure plate, and a rotating shaft is slidably connected within the sliding grooves, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a sealing plate for sealing the countercurrent outlet or the parallel flow outlet.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, protrusions are arranged in a ring at intervals inside the material distribution chamber of the inner drum. The two symmetrical inclined surfaces on the protrusions correspond to the counter-current outlet and the parallel-current outlet, respectively. One of the outlets is closed by a sealing plate that can slide and adjust its position, so as to realize the convenient switching between counter-current discharge and parallel-current discharge of the inner drum. It is not necessary to disassemble the inner drum. Only the push rod needs to be operated when the machine is stopped, which effectively shortens the downtime and improves the operating efficiency and flexibility of the equipment.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that when the rotating shaft is located at the bottom end of the chute, the sealing plate can close the countercurrent outlet after rotating and fitting against the countercurrent pressure table; and when the rotating shaft is located at the top end of the chute, the sealing plate can close the parallel flow outlet after rotating and fitting against the parallel flow pressure table.

[0009] Preferably, the countercurrent outlet and the parallel flow outlet are sealed by a sealing plate to facilitate the switching between the two discharge methods.

[0010] The invention is further configured such that a top rod extending into the fabric cavity is slidably connected inside the inner drum, and a top ring coaxial with the inner drum is fixedly connected to the end of the top rod. The top rod is provided with a first limiting block and a second limiting block along its own length direction to limit its axial sliding. When the first limiting block contacts the inner drum, the sealing plate will not close the outlet. When the top rod is pushed forward, causing the second limiting block to contact the inner drum, the sealing plate will not close the backflow outlet.

[0011] Preferably, the discharge mode can be quickly switched by conveniently operating the push rod while the machine is stopped.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the rotating shaft is located in the middle of the sealing plate, and the end of the sealing plate near the counterflow outlet is heavier than the end near the parallel flow outlet.

[0013] Preferably, the sealing plate is allowed to gradually slide towards the bottom of the chute under its own weight when the centrifuge stops.

[0014] The invention is further configured such that an elastic card is provided at the bottom end of the slide groove, and when the rotating shaft is located at the bottom end of the slide groove, the elastic card restricts the sliding of the rotating shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic clip is used to limit the rotation shaft, so that the rotation shaft can still be kept at the end of the chute near the counterflow outlet during the low-speed rotation of the inner drum.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that when the second limiting block contacts the inner rotating drum, the top ring pushes the sealing plate to rotate until it is no longer in contact with the counter-current pressure table.

[0017] Preferably, the sealing plate is allowed to slide toward the parallel flow outlet direction after the inner drum speed increases.

[0018] The invention is further configured such that the housing is fixedly connected to the bearing housing, and an inner drum and an outer drum are coaxially arranged inside the housing. The bearing housing is connected to a differential, and the differential drives the inner drum and the outer drum to rotate in the same direction at different speeds.

[0019] Preferably, a drive motor is used to drive the differential, thereby achieving differential rotation between the inner and outer drums.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that a feed inlet is connected to the top of the casing, the pipe corresponding to the feed inlet extends to the material distribution chamber, and a slag discharge port is provided at the end of the casing away from the inner drum and the outer drum.

[0021] Preferably, the material enters the fabric chamber of the inner drum from the feed inlet.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that a partition is provided inside the housing between the settling section and the filtering section of the outer drum, a settling material chamber is provided in the housing near the settling section of the outer drum, and a filtering material chamber is provided in the housing near the filtering section of the outer drum. The settling material chamber is provided with a settling material outlet extending out of the housing, and the filtering material chamber is provided with a filtering material outlet extending out of the housing.

[0023] Preferably, the settled material and the filtered material are discharged from separate outlets to facilitate separate subsequent treatment of the settled material and the filtered material.

[0024] The present invention is further configured such that a continuous spiral blade is provided between the inner drum and the outer drum, the spiral blade being used to push the solid phase object toward the slag discharge port.

[0025] Preferably, a spiral blade is used to drive the solid phase movement between the inner and outer drums.

[0026] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects: This invention features annularly spaced protrusions within the fabric chamber of the inner drum. Two symmetrical inclined surfaces on these protrusions correspond to the counter-current outlet and the parallel-current outlet, respectively. A sliding, adjustable sealing plate closes one of the outlets, enabling convenient switching between counter-current and parallel-current discharge from the inner drum. This eliminates the need to disassemble the inner drum; a simple operation of the push rod is all that's required while the machine is stopped. This effectively reduces downtime and improves the equipment's operational efficiency and flexibility.

[0027] This invention uses two symmetrical inclined surfaces of the boss to set up a counter-current pressure platform and a parallel-current pressure platform respectively. As the rotation speed of the inner drum gradually increases, the sealing plate can rely on its own centrifugal force to achieve a tight fit with the counter-current pressure platform or the parallel-current pressure platform, which effectively ensures the reliability of the sealing of the counter-current outlet or the parallel-current outlet and avoids leakage caused by loose sealing plate.

[0028] This invention adjusts the initial state of the sealing plate by pushing the top ring to rotate it, so that the sealing plate can be reset to the same position every time the inner drum stops, preventing the feeding chaos in the inner drum caused by the sealing plate accidentally changing the sealing object when the sealing plate position is not manually switched. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the machine cover in the open state of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the internal structure of the outer drum of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the internal structure of the inner drum of the present invention; Figure 7 A perspective view of the inner drum showing the sealing plate in contact with the counter-current pressure table according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the inner drum, showing the sealing plate in contact with the counter-current pressure table, according to another aspect of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the internal structure of the inner drum, showing the sealing plate contacting the counter-current pressure platform of the present invention and the top ring not being pushed forward. Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of A in the middle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the engagement state between the rotating shaft and the elastic card at the end of the slide groove according to the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged view of B in the middle; Figure 13 The top ring of the present invention moves forward, causing the sealing plate to rotate; a three-dimensional view of the internal structure of the inner drum. Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the internal structure of the inner drum, showing the top ring of the present invention advancing forward and the sealing plate in contact with the parallel flow pressure table.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Casing; 101. Partition plate; 102. Settling material chamber; 103. Filter material chamber; 2. Bearing housing; 3. Drive motor; 4. Differential gear; 5. Cover; 6. Outer drum; 601. Overflow port; 7. Inner drum; 701. Spiral blade; 702. Material distribution chamber; 703. Countercurrent outlet; 704. Parallel flow outlet; 8. Filter screen; 9. Boss; 901. Countercurrent pressure platform; 902. Parallel flow pressure platform; 903. Slide groove; 904. Elastic clip; 10. Sealing plate; 1001. Rotating shaft; 11. Top rod; 1101. First limit block; 1102. Second limit block; 12. Top ring; 13. Feed inlet; 14. Settling material outlet; 15. Filter material outlet; 16. Slag discharge port; 17. Exhaust port; 18. Cleaning fluid inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0033] First embodiment: Please refer to a horizontal screw concentrator centrifuge for coal chemical industry. Figures 1-14 The device includes a housing 1, an inner drum 7 is provided inside the housing 1, a fabric cavity 702 is provided inside the inner drum 7, and a counterflow outlet 703 and a parallel flow outlet 704 are respectively provided at the corresponding positions of the fabric cavity 702. The counterflow outlet 703 is close to the small end of the settling section of the inner drum 7, while the parallel flow outlet 704 is close to the large end of the settling section of the inner drum 7.

[0034] It also includes a boss 9. Specifically, the boss 9 has two symmetrical inclined surfaces. The boss 9 is located in the fabric cavity 702, and a symmetrical counterflow pressure plate 901 and a parallel flow pressure plate 902 are respectively provided for the counterflow outlet 703 and the parallel flow outlet 704. The parallel flow pressure plate 902 has a sliding groove 903 on both sides. A rotating shaft 1001 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 903. The rotating shaft 1001 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 10 used to close the counterflow outlet 703 or the parallel flow outlet 704.

[0035] For details regarding the above embodiments, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 2-10When the rotating shaft 1001 is at the bottom of the chute 903, the sealing plate 10 can close the countercurrent outlet 703 after rotating and adhering to the countercurrent pressure table 901. Under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the inner drum 7 in the rotating state, when the rotating shaft 1001 is at the top of the chute 903, the sealing plate 10 can close the parallel outlet 704 after rotating and adhering to the parallel pressure table 902. The sealing plate 10 is used to close the countercurrent outlet 703 and the parallel outlet 704 respectively to realize the convenient switching between the two discharge methods. The rotating shaft 1001 is located in the middle of the sealing plate 10. The end of the sealing plate near the countercurrent outlet 703 is heavier than the end near the parallel outlet 704, so that the sealing plate 10 can gradually slide to the bottom of the chute 903 under its own weight when the centrifuge stops.

[0036] Furthermore, a push rod 11 extending into the fabric cavity 702 is slidably connected inside the inner drum 7. The end of the push rod 11 is fixedly connected to a top ring 12 coaxial with the inner drum 7. Specifically, there are two push rods 11. The two push rods 11 can stably push the top ring 12 to slide and keep the top ring 12 coaxial with the inner drum 7. The push rod 11 is provided with a first limiting block 1101 and a second limiting block 1102 along its own length direction to limit its axial sliding. When the first limiting block 1101 contacts the inner drum 7, the sealing plate 10 will not close the outlet 704. When the push rod 11 is pushed forward, causing the second limiting block 1102 to contact the inner drum 7, the sealing plate 10 will not close the reverse outlet 703. The discharge mode can be quickly switched by conveniently operating the push rod 11 when the machine is stopped.

[0037] Second embodiment: Please refer to a horizontal screw concentrator centrifuge for coal chemical industry. Figures 1-14 Based on the first embodiment, the difference from the first embodiment is that an elastic card 904 is provided at the bottom end of the slide 903. When the rotating shaft 1001 is located at the bottom end of the slide 903, the elastic card 904 restricts the sliding of the rotating shaft 1001. The elastic card 904 is used to limit the rotating shaft 1001. When the force of the rotating shaft 1001 sliding towards the parallel outlet 704 exceeds the deformation limit of the elastic card 904, the elastic card 904 will undergo elastic deformation and will no longer be able to restrict the sliding of the rotating shaft 1001. Conversely, when the rotating shaft 1001 slides along the slide 903 towards the counterflow outlet 703, the rotating shaft 1001 can easily pass through the elastic card 904 and stay at the end of the slide 903 near the counterflow outlet 703, so that the rotating shaft 1001 can still be kept at the end of the slide 903 near the counterflow outlet 703 during the low-speed rotation of the inner drum 7.

[0038] Specifically, when the second limiting block 1102 contacts the inner drum 7, the top ring 12 pushes the sealing plate 10 to rotate until it is no longer in contact with the counterflow pressure table 901, so that the sealing plate 10 can slide towards the parallel flow outlet 704 after the inner drum 7 rotates at a higher speed.

[0039] For details regarding the above embodiments, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-6 The housing 1 is fixedly connected to the bearing housing 2, and an inner drum 7 and an outer drum 6 are coaxially arranged inside. The bearing housing 2 is connected to a differential 4. The differential 4 drives the inner drum 7 and the outer drum 6 to rotate in the same direction at different speeds. The drive motor drives the differential 4 through a transmission belt. The drive motor 3 drives the differential 4 to achieve the differential rotation of the inner drum 7 and the outer drum 6.

[0040] Furthermore, a continuous spiral blade 701 is provided between the inner drum 7 and the outer drum 6. When the inner drum 7 and the outer drum 6 rotate at different speeds, the spiral blade 701 is used to push the solid phase towards the slag discharge port 16. The spiral blade 701 is used to drive the solid phase movement between the inner drum 7 and the outer drum 6. The material after sedimentation and stratification between the outer drum 6 and the inner drum 7 is discharged into the sedimentation material chamber 102 through the overflow port 601 provided at the end of the outer drum 6. The casing 1 is provided with an exhaust port 17 at the position corresponding to the sedimentation section of the outer drum 6 to balance the air pressure inside and outside the casing 1.

[0041] For details regarding the above embodiments, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-6 The top of the casing 1 is connected to a feed inlet 13, and the pipe corresponding to the feed inlet 13 extends to the material distribution chamber 702. The end of the casing 1 away from the inner drum 7 and the outer drum 6 is provided with a slag discharge port 16. The material enters the material distribution chamber 702 of the inner drum 7 from the feed inlet 13. The outer drum 6 is provided with a filter screen 8 in the filtration section. The casing 1 is additionally provided with a cleaning liquid inlet 18 near the feed inlet 13 pipe. The cleaning liquid inlet 18 is connected to a pipe extending to the filtration section of the inner drum 7. When the filtration efficiency of the filter screen 8 decreases, cleaning liquid is injected into the cleaning liquid inlet 18. After the cleaning liquid enters the high-speed rotating drum, it is quickly thrown against the inner wall of the filter screen 8 under the action of centrifugal force, forming a uniform liquid film. While this liquid film flows axially, it performs radial penetration and hydraulic shearing on the surface of the filter screen 8, thereby peeling off and removing the blockage.

[0042] Specifically, a partition 101 is provided inside the housing 1 between the settling section and the filtering section of the outer drum 6. A settling material chamber 102 is provided in the housing 1 near the settling section of the outer drum 6, and a filtering material chamber 103 is provided in the housing 1 near the filtering section of the outer drum 6. The settling material chamber 102 is provided with a settling material outlet 14 extending out of the housing 1, and the filtering material chamber 103 is provided with a filtering material outlet 15 extending out of the housing 1, so that the settling material and the filtering material are discharged from independent outlets, which facilitates the separate processing of the settling material and the filtering material in the subsequent process.

[0043] In practical operation, this invention: When the discharge method of the inner drum 7 is switched from parallel flow to counterflow, the machine is stopped and the machine cover 5 is opened. A long rod is inserted into the machine housing 1 and pushes the push rod 11. The push rod 11 slides, causing the top ring 12 to push one end of the sealing plate 10, keeping the sealing plate 10 out of contact with the counterflow pressure table 901. At this time, the inner drum 7 starts to rotate and gradually increases its speed. Since the end of the sealing plate 10 near the counterflow outlet 703 is heavier, the end of the sealing plate 10 will rotate towards the counterflow pressure table 901 due to its own centrifugal force. However, due to the restriction of the top ring 12 at this time, the sealing plate 10 is not in contact with the counterflow pressure table 901. Before the top ring 12 is pushed in the opposite direction, the elastic card 904 will be deformed first. The rotating shaft 1001 slides along the slide groove 903 towards the parallel flow outlet 704. The sealing plate 10 is pressed against the parallel flow pressure table 902, the parallel flow outlet 704 is closed, and the counterflow outlet 703 is opened, completing the switching of the discharge mode. When the centrifuge stops, during the process of the sealing plate 10 resetting and sliding, the rotating shaft 1001 slides in the opposite direction back to the position limited and locked by the elastic card 904 in the slide groove 903. When the centrifuge restarts, the sealing plate will still close the parallel flow outlet 704. When the discharge mode of the inner drum 7 is switched from counter-current to parallel flow, the push rod 11 is pulled in the opposite direction, so that the first limit block 1101 contacts the inner drum 7. In this state, the sealing plate 10 can contact the counter-current pressure table 901. Since the end of the sealing plate 10 near the counter-current outlet 703 is heavier, as the rotation speed of the inner drum 7 gradually increases, the sealing plate 10 will rotate around the shaft 1001 and stick to the counter-current pressure table 901, sealing the counter-current outlet 703. The shaft 1001 will not slide along the slide groove 903, so the discharge mode can be easily switched to parallel flow discharge.

[0044] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal spiral concentrator centrifuge for coal chemical industry, characterized in that, include: The machine housing has an inner drum inside, and a fabric cavity is provided inside the inner drum. A counter-current outlet and a parallel flow outlet are respectively provided at the corresponding positions of the fabric cavity. A boss is located inside the fabric cavity, and symmetrical counter-current pressure plates and parallel-current pressure plates are respectively provided for the counter-current outlet and the parallel-current outlet. Slide grooves are provided on both sides of the parallel-current pressure plate, and a rotating shaft is slidably connected within the slide groove. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a sealing plate used to close the counter-current outlet or the parallel-current outlet. When the rotating shaft is at the bottom of the slide groove, the sealing plate rotates and fits against the counter-current pressure plate to close the counter-current outlet. When the rotating shaft is at the top of the slide groove, the sealing plate rotates and fits against the parallel-current pressure plate to close the parallel-current outlet. A push rod extending into the fabric cavity is slidably connected inside the inner drum. A top ring coaxial with the inner drum is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod. The push rod... The sealing plate has a first limiting block and a second limiting block along its length to restrict its axial sliding. When the first limiting block contacts the inner drum, the sealing plate will not close the parallel flow outlet. When the push rod is pushed forward, causing the second limiting block to contact the inner drum, the sealing plate will not close the reverse flow outlet. The rotating shaft is located in the middle of the sealing plate, and the end of the sealing plate near the reverse flow outlet is heavier than the end near the parallel flow outlet. An elastic card is provided at the bottom of the chute. When the rotating shaft is located at the bottom of the chute, the elastic card restricts the sliding of the rotating shaft. When the second limiting block contacts the inner drum, the top ring pushes the sealing plate to rotate until it is no longer in contact with the reverse flow pressure table.

2. The horizontal screw concentrator centrifuge for coal chemical industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing is fixedly connected to the bearing housing, and an inner drum and an outer drum are coaxially arranged inside. The bearing housing is connected to a differential, which drives the inner drum and the outer drum to rotate in the same direction at different speeds.

3. The horizontal screw concentrator centrifuge for coal chemical industry according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the casing is connected to a feed inlet, and the pipe corresponding to the feed inlet extends to the material distribution chamber. A slag discharge port is provided at the end of the casing away from the inner and outer drums.

4. The horizontal screw concentrator centrifuge for coal chemical industry according to claim 2, characterized in that: A partition is provided inside the housing between the settling section and the filtering section of the outer drum. A settling material chamber is provided in the housing near the settling section of the outer drum, and a filtering material chamber is provided in the housing near the filtering section of the outer drum. The settling material chamber is provided with a settling material outlet extending out of the housing, and the filtering material chamber is provided with a filtering material outlet extending out of the housing.

5. The horizontal screw concentrator centrifuge for coal chemical industry according to claim 3, characterized in that: A continuous spiral blade is provided between the inner and outer drums, and the spiral blade is used to push the solid phase material toward the slag discharge port.

Images