Marine anchor winch inlay type brake device

Abstract

The application provides a kind of ship anchor winch mosaic brake equipment, it relates to anchor winch technical field, including anchor winch shaft, machine shell, buffer mechanism, movable seat, brake mechanism, oil circuit structure, installation cavity, brake gear and brake wheel;The application has the advantages of reasonable simple structure, low production cost, easy installation, complete function, each brake component is in non-working state during normal operation, no brake resistance is generated, can ensure the smooth rotation of anchor winch shaft, meet the normal operation demand of anchor winch anchor up, anchor throwing, adapt to the basic use requirement of ship anchoring operation;The application is provided with buffer mechanism, can effectively buffer and offset the instantaneous impact force generated during braking through spring elastic force and oil damping effect, avoid the impact force to damage each part of the equipment, significantly improve the buffering performance of brake equipment, prolong the overall service life of the equipment, solve the technical problems of large braking impact force and easy wear of parts of the existing ship anchor winch brake equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of anchor winch technology, and in particular to an embedded brake device for a marine anchor winch. Background Technology

[0002] Marine anchor winches are core equipment for ship berthing and anchoring operations. The stability and reliability of their braking systems directly affect the safety of ship navigation and personnel. Currently, most existing marine anchor winch braking devices use single friction braking or simple mechanical locking structures, which have many defects. In actual operation, braking easily generates large instantaneous impact forces, leading to severe wear and even corrosion damage to components such as brake wheels, brake gears, and anchor winch shafts, shortening the service life of the equipment. Furthermore, the lack of effective buffering mechanisms fails to offset the damage caused by braking impact forces. Simultaneously, the braking and locking functions of existing braking devices are poorly coordinated, resulting in insufficient braking force during emergency braking, potential jamming during deceleration transitions, and insufficiently secure locking after braking, which can easily lead to anchor loosening and subsequent safety hazards. In addition, some braking devices have unreasonable hydraulic circuit layouts and uneven hydraulic oil supply, causing sluggish braking mechanism action and affecting braking response speed. Moreover, the replacement of easily damaged components such as brake pads is inconvenient, resulting in high maintenance costs. These systems fail to meet the demands for efficient, stable, and durable braking equipment in ship anchoring operations and cannot effectively adapt to the long-term operational requirements of harsh marine environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an embedded braking device for marine anchor winches in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. This invention solves the technical problems of existing marine anchor winch braking devices, such as large braking impact force, easy wear of components, poor connection between braking and locking, unstable locking positioning, and delayed braking response. At the same time, it improves the buffering performance and service life of the braking device.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a technical solution: an embedded braking device for marine anchor winches, comprising an anchor winch shaft, a housing, a buffer mechanism, movable seats, a braking mechanism, an oil circuit structure, mounting cavities, brake gears, and a brake wheel; one side of the anchor winch shaft is externally movably connected to the center of the housing, and a brake wheel is fixedly connected to the outside of one side of the anchor winch shaft, with brake gears fixedly connected to the inside of the brake wheel around its perimeter; several mounting cavities are located around the perimeter of the housing; the oil circuit structure is located inside the perimeter of the housing; several movable seats are movably connected to the corresponding mounting cavities via the buffer mechanism, each movable seat contains a braking mechanism, with the outer side of each braking mechanism connected to the oil circuit structure, and the inner side of each braking mechanism connected to the brake wheel and brake gears.

[0005] Preferably, the buffer mechanism includes an arc guide groove, a buffer spring, an arc block, and a buffer rod; arc guide grooves are provided on both sides of the mounting cavity, and buffer rods are fixedly connected inside both sides of the mounting cavity; arc blocks are movably connected to the inner side of each arc guide groove, and a buffer spring is provided between the arc block and the corresponding inner side of the arc guide groove; the end of the arc block is fixedly connected to the outer side of the movable seat; the end of the buffer rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the movable seat.

[0006] Preferably, the buffer rod is an oil-filled buffer rod.

[0007] Preferably, the braking mechanism includes a brake block, an inner groove, a first hydraulic cylinder, an annular channel, a first hydraulic pipe, a replaceable insert mechanism, a second hydraulic pipe, a fixed pipe, and a connecting pipe. The annular channel is located inside the outer side of the movable seat. The inner groove is located inside the movable seat, and several first hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected around the inner groove, with the oil ports of each first hydraulic cylinder communicating with the inside of the annular channel. A brake block is movably connected inside the inner groove, and the inner side of each brake block is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder. The replaceable insert mechanism is located inside the center of the movable seat, and the oil ports around the replaceable insert mechanism are connected to the oil ports of the hydraulic circuit structure via the first hydraulic pipe. The fixed pipe is fixedly connected inside the center of the movable seat, with its outer opening connected to the oil port of the hydraulic circuit structure via the second hydraulic pipe, its inner opening connected to the center of the braking mechanism, and its side opening connected to the inside of the annular channel via the connecting pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the replaceable insert mechanism includes a second hydraulic cylinder, a slider, an inner sliding cavity, a central hole, a piston cavity, a piston, telescopic blocks, and locking teeth. The inner sliding cavity is located inside the movable seat, and the slider is movably connected inside the inner sliding cavity. Several second hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected around the inside of the inner sliding cavity, and the piston rod ends of the second hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the slider. In addition, the oil ports of the second hydraulic cylinders are all connected to the oil ports of the oil circuit structure through oil pipes. The slider has a piston cavity in its center, and a central hole is located in the center of the inner side of the piston cavity. The central hole is movably connected to the outside of the fixed pipe. Several locking teeth are located on the right side of the slider, and the locking teeth are connected to the external teeth of the brake gear. The piston is movably connected inside the piston cavity, and several telescopic blocks are fixedly connected to the piston, with the telescopic blocks located between the corresponding locking teeth.

[0009] Preferably, the inner surface of the extended telescopic block is flush with the outer end face of the locking tooth.

[0010] Preferably, the oil circuit structure includes annular oil pipe one, annular oil pipe two, oil pipe joint one, oil pipe joint two, conveying joint one, and conveying joint two; annular oil pipe one and annular oil pipe two are fixedly connected to the inside of the edge of the machine housing, and several oil pipe joints one and two are respectively provided on the inner side of annular oil pipe one and annular oil pipe two, and conveying joint one and conveying joint two are respectively provided on the outer side of annular oil pipe one and annular oil pipe two.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention has the advantages of reasonable and simple structure, low production cost, convenient installation and complete functions. During normal operation, each brake component is in a non-working state and does not generate braking resistance, which can ensure smooth rotation of the anchor winch shaft, meet the normal operation requirements of anchor winch for anchoring and casting, and adapt to the basic usage requirements of ship anchoring operation.

[0012] (2) The present invention is equipped with a buffer mechanism, which can effectively buffer and offset the instantaneous impact force generated during braking through the spring force and oil damping during braking, avoid damage to various parts of the equipment by the impact force, significantly improve the buffer performance of the braking equipment, extend the overall service life of the equipment, and solve the technical problems of large braking impact force and easy wear of parts in the existing marine anchor winch braking equipment.

[0013] (3) The present invention achieves synchronous supply of hydraulic oil through the oil circuit structure, triggers the brake mechanism to complete the orderly connection of initial friction braking, emergency deceleration braking and subsequent mechanical locking, and the braking response is rapid. It solves the technical problems of poor connection between braking and locking and delayed braking response in existing equipment, and ensures that the braking process is smooth and without jamming.

[0014] (4) The present invention achieves mechanical locking after braking through a replaceable insert mechanism, which can stably lock the brake gear, brake wheel and anchor shaft, prevent the anchor from loosening, solve the technical problem of unstable locking and positioning of existing equipment, and ensure the safety and stability of ship anchoring operations.

[0015] (5) The present invention adopts a replaceable inlay mechanism design, which facilitates the disassembly and replacement of vulnerable parts, reduces equipment maintenance costs, solves the technical problem of inconvenient replacement of vulnerable parts of existing marine anchor winch brake equipment, and is suitable for long-term operation in harsh marine environments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A sectional view.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer mechanism.

[0019] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the braking mechanism.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interchangeable inlay mechanism.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the oil circuit structure.

[0022] 1-Anchor shaft; 2-Machine housing; 3-Buffer mechanism; 4-Moving seat; 5-Brake mechanism; 6-Oil circuit structure; 7-Mounting cavity; 8-Brake gear; 9-Brake wheel; 31-Circular arc guide groove; 32-Buffer spring; 33-Circular arc block; 34-Buffer rod; 51-Brake block; 52-Inner groove; 53-Oil cylinder one; 54-Annular channel; 55-Oil pipe one; 56-Replaceable insert mechanism; 57-Oil pipe two; 58-Fixed pipe; 59-Connecting pipe; 561-Oil cylinder two; 562-Slider; 563-Inner sliding cavity; 564-Center hole; 565-Piston cavity; 566-Piston; 567-Telescopic block; 568-Clamping tooth; 61-Annular oil pipe one; 62-Annular oil pipe two; 63-Oil pipe connector one; 64-Oil pipe connector two; 65-Conveying connector one; 66-Conveying connector two. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this specific embodiment adopts the following technical solution: a marine anchor winch embedded braking device, including an anchor winch shaft 1, and further including a housing 2, a buffer mechanism 3, a movable seat 4, a braking mechanism 5, an oil circuit structure 6, a mounting cavity 7, a brake gear 8, and a brake wheel 9; one side of the anchor winch shaft 1 is externally movably connected to the center of the housing 2, and one side of the anchor winch shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the brake wheel 9, and the brake gear 8 is fixedly connected to the inside of the brake wheel 9 around its perimeter; there are several mounting cavities 7, which are respectively located inside the housing 2 around its perimeter; the oil circuit structure 6 is located inside the perimeter edge of the housing 2; there are several movable seats 4, which are all movably connected to the corresponding mounting cavity 7 through the buffer mechanism 3, and each of the movable seats 4 is provided with a brake mechanism 5, and the outer side of each brake mechanism 5 is connected to the oil circuit structure 6, and the inner side of each brake mechanism 5 is connected to the brake wheel 9 and the brake gear 8.

[0024] like Figure 3As shown, the buffer mechanism 3 includes an arc guide groove 31, a buffer spring 32, an arc block 33, and a buffer rod 34; arc guide grooves 31 are provided on both sides of the mounting cavity 7, and buffer rods 34 are fixedly connected inside both sides of the mounting cavity 7; arc blocks 33 are movably connected to the inner side of the arc guide grooves 31, and buffer springs 32 are provided between the arc blocks 33 and the corresponding inner side of the arc guide grooves 31; the end of the arc block 33 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the movable seat 4; the end of the buffer rod 34 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the movable seat 4.

[0025] The buffer rod 34 is an oil-lubricated buffer rod.

[0026] The quantitative design parameter matching principle of the buffer mechanism 3 of this invention is as follows: the stiffness of the buffer spring 32 and the damping coefficient of the oil buffer rod 34 must satisfy the following mechanical matching formula to ensure that the instantaneous braking impact force does not exceed the allowable stress of the components: F = k⋅x + c⋅v ≤ 0.7[σ]⋅S Where: F: Maximum instantaneous impact force during braking (N) k: Stiffness of buffer spring 32 (N / mm) x: Maximum compression of the buffer spring 32 (mm), designed value is 15~25mm c: Damping coefficient of oil-lubricated damper rod 34 (N·s / m) v: The instantaneous maximum moving speed of the movable seat 4 (m / s), with a design value of 0.1~0.3m / s. [σ]: Allowable stress (MPa) of the material of movable seat 4 and arc block 33, taken as 115MPa when Q235 steel is used. S: The contact area (mm²) between the movable seat 4 and the arc block 33, with a design value of 2000~5000mm². The parameter design ranges for anchor winches of different tonnages are as follows: Anchor winch rated tonnage Buffer spring stiffness k (N / mm) Damping coefficient c of the oil-lubricated damper rod (N·s / m) Less than 10 tons 20～50 1000～3000 10-50 ton class 50～150 3000～8000 50 tons and above 150～300 8000～15000 Material and processing requirements: The buffer spring 32 is made of 60Si2Mn spring steel, and is quenched and tempered at medium temperature to achieve a hardness of HRC40-45. The surface is galvanized for rust prevention. The oil buffer rod 34 is made of No. 45 steel with quenching and tempering treatment to achieve a hardness of HB220-250. It is filled with L-HM46 anti-wear hydraulic oil. The seals are made of fluororubber, which is resistant to seawater corrosion.

[0027] like Figure 4As shown, the braking mechanism 5 includes a brake block 51, an inner groove 52, a first hydraulic cylinder 53, an annular channel 54, a first hydraulic pipe 55, a replaceable insert mechanism 56, a second hydraulic pipe 57, a fixed pipe 58, and a connecting pipe 59. The annular channel 54 is located inside the outer side of the movable seat 4. The inner groove 52 is opened inside the movable seat 4, and several first hydraulic cylinders 53 are fixedly connected around the inner groove 52, with the oil ports of the first hydraulic cylinders 53 all communicating with the interior of the annular channel 54. The brake block 51 is movably connected inside the inner groove 52, and the inner side of the brake block 51 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder. The piston rod end is fixedly connected to the piston rod 53; the replaceable insert mechanism 56 is located inside the center of the movable seat 4, and the oil ports around the replaceable insert mechanism 56 are all connected to the oil ports of the oil circuit structure 6 through oil pipe 55; the fixed pipe 58 is fixedly connected inside the center of the movable seat 4, the outer opening of the fixed pipe 58 is connected to the oil port of the oil circuit structure 6 through oil pipe 57, the inner opening of the fixed pipe 58 is connected to the center of the brake mechanism 5, and the side opening of the fixed pipe 58 is connected to the annular channel 54 through connecting pipe 59.

[0028] The brake block 51 is made of copper-based powder metallurgy friction material, which meets the requirements of the marine standard GB / T10425-2002 Sintered Metal Friction Materials. It has a friction coefficient of 0.35 to 0.45 (dry state), a hardness of HB30 to 40, and a density of 5.8 to 6.2 g / cm³. It has excellent wear resistance, seawater corrosion resistance, and braking stability. The brake block 51 is detachably connected to the piston rod of the cylinder 53 by M8 bolts, which is convenient for individual replacement.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the replaceable insert mechanism 56 includes a second hydraulic cylinder 561, a slider 562, an inner sliding cavity 563, a central hole 564, a piston cavity 565, a piston 566, a telescopic block 567, and a locking tooth 568. The inner sliding cavity 563 is located inside the movable seat 4, and the slider 562 is movably connected inside the inner sliding cavity 563. Several second hydraulic cylinders 561 are fixedly connected around the inside of the inner sliding cavity 563, and the piston rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder 561 is fixedly connected to the slider 562. In addition, the oil ports of the second hydraulic cylinders 561 are all connected to the oil circuit through an oil pipe 55. The oil port of structure 6 is connected; the slider 562 has a piston chamber 565 in the center, and a central hole 564 is provided in the center of the inner side of the piston chamber 565. The interior of the central hole 564 is movably connected to the outside of the fixed tube 58. The slider 562 has several locking teeth 568 on the right side, and the locking teeth 568 are connected to the external teeth of the brake gear 8; the piston 566 is movably connected to the inside of the piston chamber 565. Several telescopic blocks 567 are fixedly connected to the piston 566, and the telescopic blocks 567 are respectively located between the corresponding locking teeth 568.

[0030] The inner surface of the telescopic block 567 after it extends out is flush with the outer end face of the locking tooth 568.

[0031] Both the locking tooth 568 and the telescopic block 567 are made of 40Cr alloy steel. After quenching and tempering (hardness HB240~280), the surface is subjected to high-frequency quenching, with a quenching hardness of HRC45~50 and a hardened layer depth of 1.5~2mm, exhibiting high bending strength, wear resistance, and impact resistance. The locking tooth 568 and the slider 562 are integrally forged and then machined, while the telescopic block 567 and the piston 566 are fixed together by argon arc welding. The entire assembly can be disassembled and replaced along with the slider 562.

[0032] like Figure 6 As shown, the oil circuit structure 6 includes annular oil pipe 61, annular oil pipe 62, oil pipe connector 63, oil pipe connector 64, conveying connector 65, and conveying connector 66. The annular oil pipe 61 and annular oil pipe 62 are fixedly connected to the inside of the edge of the machine housing 2. Several oil pipe connectors 63 and 64 are respectively provided on the inner side of the annular oil pipe 61 and annular oil pipe 62. Conveying connectors 65 and 66 are respectively provided on the outer side of the annular oil pipe 61 and annular oil pipe 62.

[0033] Hydraulic control system component selection and connection relationship The hydraulic control system of this invention adopts a modular independent circuit design, and the selection and connection relationship of the core components are as follows: Directional control valves: Two 4WE10E31B / CG24N9Z5L three-position four-way solenoid directional control valves (nominal diameter 10mm, rated pressure 31.5MPa, DC 24V power supply) are selected, each independently controlling the oil inlet, return, and pressure holding of annular oil pipe 61 and annular oil pipe 62 respectively. The P port of the directional control valve is connected to the outlet of the external hydraulic pump station, the T port is connected to the return port of the hydraulic pump station, the A port is connected to delivery connector 65 and delivery connector 66 respectively, and the B port is blocked.

[0034] Relief valve: Two DB10-1-50 / 315 pilot-operated relief valves are selected and connected in parallel at the ends of annular oil pipe 61 and annular oil pipe 62 respectively. The relief pressure is set at 12MPa and is used for system overload protection to prevent damage to the cylinder and pipeline due to excessive hydraulic pressure.

[0035] One-way valve and accumulator: An S10P1.0B type straight-through one-way valve (positive opening pressure 0.05MPa) is connected in series in the oil inlet line of annular oil pipe 2 62 (between delivery joint 2 66 and annular oil pipe 2 62), and an NXQ-A-0.5 / 10-LY type bladder accumulator (rated pressure 10MPa, effective volume 0.5L, medium is L-HM46 anti-wear hydraulic oil) is connected in parallel to maintain the basic hydraulic pressure of annular oil pipe 2 62 and to compensate for pipeline leakage.

[0036] Equipment usage status This invention features a reasonable and simple structure, low production cost, convenient installation, and complete functions. When the anchor winch is in normal anchoring and anchoring operations and no brake is required, all components of the equipment are in a non-working state. First, the first conveyor joint 65 and the second conveyor joint 66 stop supplying hydraulic oil to the first annular oil pipe 61 and the second annular oil pipe 62. There is no hydraulic pressure inside the first annular oil pipe 61 and the second annular oil pipe 62. The first oil pipe joint 63 and the second oil pipe joint 64 are in a cut-off state and do not supply hydraulic oil to the brake mechanism 5. Due to the lack of hydraulic oil supply, the piston rod of the first cylinder 53 is in a retracted state, driving the brake block 51 to retract into the inner groove 52. The inner side of the brake block 51 does not contact the outer side of the brake wheel 9. In the replaceable insert mechanism 56, the piston rod of the second cylinder 561 retracts, driving the slider 562 to the initial position inside the inner sliding cavity 563. The locking tooth 568 does not contact the teeth of the brake gear 8. There is no hydraulic pressure inside the piston cavity 565. The piston 566 drives the telescopic block 567 to retract. Between the tooth 568 and the telescopic block 567, the telescopic block 567 does not extend, and its end face is not flush with the outer end face of the tooth 568; there is no hydraulic oil inside the annular channel 54, oil pipe 1 55, oil pipe 2 57, fixed pipe 58, and connecting pipe 59; the movable seat 4 is in the initial position inside the mounting cavity 7 under the action of the buffer mechanism 3; the arc block 33 is in the initial position of the arc guide groove 31; the buffer spring 32 is in a naturally extended state without compression or tension deformation; the buffer rod 34 (oil buffer rod) is in the initial extension state and does not produce a buffering effect, but only plays an auxiliary fixing and guiding role for the movable seat 4; the anchor shaft 1 rotates normally, driving the brake wheel 9 fixedly connected to its outer side to rotate synchronously; the brake gear 8 inside the brake wheel 9 rotates together with the brake wheel 9; the movable seat 4 and the brake mechanism 5 do not contact the brake wheel 9 or the brake gear 8, and do not produce braking resistance, ensuring that the anchor shaft 1 rotates smoothly and meeting the normal operation requirements of the anchor winch for anchoring and anchoring.

[0037] When the anchor winch needs to decelerate, perform emergency braking, or lock into position after braking, hydraulic oil is supplied through the oil circuit structure 6 to trigger the action of various braking components, thereby achieving the braking function. Specifically, the external hydraulic system is activated, and hydraulic oil is delivered through delivery connector 1 65 to annular oil pipe 1 61, and through delivery connector 2 66 to annular oil pipe 2 62. The hydraulic oil in annular oil pipe 1 61 is delivered through oil pipe connector 1 63 and oil pipe 1 55 to the oil port of cylinder 2 561 of the replaceable inserting mechanism 56. The hydraulic oil in annular oil pipe 2 62 is delivered through oil pipe connector 2 64 and oil pipe 2 57 to the fixed pipe 58, and then through... Connecting pipe 59 delivers hydraulic oil to annular channel 54, enabling synchronous supply of hydraulic oil. After annular channel 54 is filled with hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil enters the oil port of cylinder 1 53, driving the piston rod of cylinder 1 53 to extend, which in turn drives the brake block 51 inside the inner groove 52 to extend synchronously until the inner side of the brake block 51 is in close contact with the outer side of the brake wheel 9. The friction generates braking resistance on the brake wheel 9, thereby driving the anchor shaft 1 to decelerate and achieve initial deceleration and braking. In addition, hydraulic oil delivered by oil pipe 1 55 enters cylinder 2 561, driving the piston rod of cylinder 2 561 to extend, driving the slider 562 along the inner sliding cavity 56. 3. Move towards the brake gear 8; simultaneously, hydraulic oil in the fixed pipe 58 enters the piston chamber 565 through the central hole 564, pushing the piston 566 to move outward, causing several telescopic blocks 567 to extend synchronously until the inner surface of the extended telescopic blocks 567 is flush with the outer end face of the locking teeth 568; then, the slider 562 continues to move, so that the outer end faces of the telescopic blocks 567 and the locking teeth 568 simultaneously contact the outer surface of the brake gear 8. Through the auxiliary contact of the telescopic blocks 567 and the initial engagement of the locking teeth 568, the braking resistance is further increased, realizing emergency braking or rapid deceleration. During the process, after the brake wheel 9 and brake gear 8 are subjected to the braking resistance of the brake mechanism 5, they will generate a reverse impact force on the movable seat 4. At this time, the movable seat 4 moves towards the inside of the mounting cavity 7, causing the arc blocks 33 on both sides to slide along the arc guide groove 31, squeezing the buffer spring 32 and causing the buffer spring 32 to undergo compression deformation. At the same time, the buffer rod 34 (oil buffer rod) is squeezed and produces a telescopic action. Through the spring force and oil damping, the reverse impact force is buffered and offset, avoiding damage to the anchor shaft 1, brake wheel 9, brake gear 8 and brake mechanism 5 by the instantaneous impact force during braking, thus ensuring the service life of the equipment.

[0038] Preset safe speed definition and speed detection device The "preset safe speed" mentioned in this invention refers to the maximum permissible rotational speed of the anchor winch shaft 1 when switching from friction braking to mechanical locking. Its value is strictly determined according to the provisions on braking safe speed in the industry standard GB / T4447-2008 Marine Anchor Winches, and the specific value range is as follows: Anchor winches with a capacity of 10 tons or less: 0.5~1r / min 10-50 ton anchor winches: 1-1.5 r / min Anchor winches with a capacity of 50 tons or more: 1.5~2 r / min This value can be finely adjusted within the above range according to the actual operating conditions of the ship (such as anchor weight, water depth, and sea state), with a fine adjustment step of 0.1 r / min.

[0039] Speed ​​detection employs an E6B2-CWZ6C incremental rotary encoder (1000P / R resolution, DC24V power supply, NPN open collector output), installed at the non-brake end of the anchor winch shaft 1 extending from the housing 2. The encoder shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the anchor winch shaft 1 via a flexible coupling to ensure synchronized rotational speeds. The encoder's signal output terminals (A-phase, B-phase, Z-phase) are electrically connected to the PLC control system (Siemens S7-200SMART type) in the ship's bridge via shielded cables. The PLC acquires the encoder's pulse signals in real time and calculates the actual rotational speed of the anchor winch shaft 1. When the actual rotational speed drops to a preset safe speed, the PLC automatically outputs a switching signal to control the corresponding three-position four-way solenoid directional valve and return oil shut-off valve, completing the automatic switch from friction braking to mechanical locking.

[0040] Complete hydraulic control timing logic Normal operating condition: Both three-position four-way solenoid directional valves are in the neutral position (H-type function), the P port and T port are connected, there is no hydraulic pressure in the annular oil pipe 61 and annular oil pipe 62, and all brake components are reset.

[0041] Braking start state: Both directional valves switch to the left position at the same time, the P port and the A port are connected, and the hydraulic oil enters the annular oil pipe 1 61 and the annular oil pipe 2 62 in sync, respectively driving the brake block 51 to friction brake and the replaceable insert mechanism 56 to pre-act.

[0042] Friction braking to mechanical locking state: When the speed of anchor shaft 1 drops to the preset safe speed, the control valve corresponding to the annular oil pipe 61 is switched to the neutral position, and the JZFS-J10FH type return oil shut-off valve of the pipeline is opened to draw the hydraulic oil in the annular oil pipe 61 back to the oil tank; the control valve corresponding to the annular oil pipe 62 remains in the left position, and the backflow is blocked by the check valve, and the accumulator replenishes the leakage, so that the pipeline pressure is stably maintained at 3-5MPa.

[0043] Release the brake state: both directional valves switch to the right position simultaneously, connecting port A and port T, opening the two return oil shut-off valves, and drawing all the hydraulic oil in the annular oil pipe 1 61, annular oil pipe 2 62 and the accumulator back to the oil tank, and resetting all components.

[0044] When the rotation speed of the anchor shaft 1 drops to the preset safe speed, the three-position four-way solenoid directional valve connected to the annular oil pipe 61 is first switched to the middle position for oil return, and the oil return shut-off valve of the pipeline is opened at the same time to draw the hydraulic oil in the annular oil pipe 61 back to the external hydraulic pump station oil tank through the oil return port. The three-position four-way solenoid directional valve connected to the annular oil pipe 62 is switched to the pressure holding position, and the hydraulic oil backflow is blocked by the check valve on the pipeline. At the same time, the accumulator replenishes the pipeline leakage, so that the pressure in the annular oil pipe 62 is stably maintained at 3-5 MPa, ensuring the basic braking effect of the brake mechanism 5. Here, the hydraulic oil in the annular channel 54 decreases in pressure as the annular oil pipe 61 is withdrawn, the piston rod of cylinder 53 retracts, causing the brake block 51 to retract into the inner groove 52, no longer in contact with the brake wheel 9, thus releasing the friction braking. Meanwhile, the hydraulic oil in cylinder 561 decreases in pressure as the annular oil pipe 61 is withdrawn, the piston rod retracts slightly, causing the slider 562 to move back slightly. At the same time, the hydraulic oil pressure in the piston chamber 565 decreases, and the piston 566 causes the telescopic block 567 to retract between the locking teeth 568, no longer in contact with the brake gear 8. At this time, the locking teeth 568 are in a meshing state, which facilitates subsequent engagement with the teeth of the brake gear 8.

[0045] As the braking resistance decreases, the compression deformation of the buffer spring 32 gradually recovers, pushing the arc block 33 to reset along the arc guide groove 31. The buffer rod 34 also resets simultaneously, and the movable seat 4 returns to the preset position in the mounting cavity 7. The buffering effect gradually weakens until it disappears. In addition, the annular oil pipe 62 maintains a small amount of hydraulic pressure to maintain the basic oil pressure of the fixed pipe 58 and the connecting pipe 59, ensuring the stable state of the replaceable insert mechanism 56. The cylinder 561 maintains a slightly extended state, driving the slider 562 to remain in a position close to the brake gear 8. Since the telescopic block 567 has retracted, the locking tooth 568 smoothly inserts into the tooth of the brake gear 8, realizing mechanical locking and locking the brake gear 8, brake wheel 9 and anchor shaft 1 to prevent them from rotating, ensuring stable positioning of the anchor after braking and avoiding loosening of the anchor.

[0046] When it is necessary to release the brake and restore the anchor winch to normal operation, the two three-position four-way solenoid directional valves are switched to the return oil position, and the two return oil shut-off valves are opened at the same time to draw all the hydraulic oil in the annular oil pipe 61, annular oil pipe 62 and accumulator back to the oil tank. All components are reset to the non-brake state: the piston rod of cylinder 2 561 is fully retracted, the slider 562 returns to the initial position of the inner slide cavity 563, and the locking tooth 568 disengages from the brake gear 8; the piston 566 drives the telescopic block 567 to fully retract; the piston rod of cylinder 1 53 is fully retracted, and the brake block 51 retracts into the inner groove 52; the buffer mechanism 3 is fully reset, the movable seat 4 returns to the initial position of the installation cavity 7, and the equipment is restored to the normal operating state. The anchor winch shaft 1 can rotate freely to meet the needs of anchoring and anchoring.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial," "bottom," "one end," "top," "middle," "other end," "upper," "side," "top," "inner," "front," "center," "both ends," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," "connection," "fixing," "screw connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0050] The control method of this invention is to control the device by manually starting and stopping the switch. The wiring diagram of the power element and the supply of power are common knowledge in the field. Since this invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, the control method and wiring layout will not be explained in detail.

Claims

1. A marine anchor winch embedded braking device, comprising an anchor winch shaft (1), characterized in that: It also includes a housing (2), a buffer mechanism (3), a movable seat (4), a brake mechanism (5), an oil circuit structure (6), a mounting cavity (7), a brake gear (8), and a brake wheel (9); The anchor shaft (1) is externally and movably connected to the center of the machine housing (2) on one side. A brake wheel (9) is fixedly connected to the outside of one side of the anchor shaft (1), and brake gears (8) are fixedly connected to the inside of the brake wheel (9). There are several mounting cavities (7), and the several mounting cavities (7) are respectively located inside the periphery of the housing (2); The oil passage structure (6) is located inside the periphery of the housing (2); There are several movable seats (4), and each of the movable seats (4) is movably connected to the corresponding mounting cavity (7) through a buffer mechanism (3). Each of the movable seats (4) is equipped with a brake mechanism (5), and the outer side of the brake mechanism (5) is connected to the oil circuit structure (6). In addition, the inner side of the brake mechanism (5) is connected to the brake wheel (9) and the brake gear (8).

2. The embedded brake device for marine anchor winches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism (3) includes an arc guide groove (31), a buffer spring (32), an arc block (33), and a buffer rod (34). Both sides of the mounting cavity (7) are provided with arc guide grooves (31), and buffer rods (34) are fixedly connected inside both sides of the mounting cavity (7). The inner side of each arc guide groove (31) is movably connected with an arc block (33), and a buffer spring (32) is provided between the arc block (33) and the inner side of the corresponding arc guide groove (31). The end of the arc block (33) is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable seat (4); The end of the buffer rod (34) is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable seat (4).

3. The embedded brake device for marine anchor winches according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer rod (34) is an oil-lubricated buffer rod.

4. The embedded brake device for marine anchor winches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The braking mechanism (5) includes a brake block (51), an inner groove (52), a first oil cylinder (53), an annular channel (54), a first oil pipe (55), a replaceable insert mechanism (56), a second oil pipe (57), a fixed pipe (58), and a connecting pipe (59). The annular channel (54) is located inside the outer side of the movable seat (4); The inner groove (52) is opened inside the movable seat (4). Several oil cylinders (53) are fixedly connected around the inner groove (52), and the oil ports of the oil cylinders (53) are all connected to the inside of the annular channel (54). The inner groove (52) is movably connected to a brake block (51), and the inner side of the brake block (51) is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the first oil cylinder (53). The replaceable inlay mechanism (56) is located in the center of the movable seat (4), and the oil ports around the replaceable inlay mechanism (56) are connected to the oil ports of the oil circuit structure (6) through oil pipe (55). The fixed tube (58) is fixedly connected to the inside of the center side of the movable seat (4). The outer opening of the fixed tube (58) is connected to the oil port of the oil circuit structure (6) through the second oil pipe (57). The inner opening of the fixed tube (58) is connected to the center of the brake mechanism (5). The side opening of the fixed tube (58) is connected to the inside of the annular channel (54) through the connecting pipe (59).

5. The marine anchor winch embedded brake device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The replaceable insert mechanism (56) includes a second hydraulic cylinder (561), a slider (562), an inner sliding cavity (563), a central hole (564), a piston cavity (565), a piston (566), a telescopic block (567), and a locking tooth (568). The inner sliding cavity (563) is located inside the movable seat (4). A slider (562) is movably connected inside the inner sliding cavity (563). Several hydraulic cylinders (561) are fixedly connected around the inner sliding cavity (563). The piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder (561) is fixedly connected to the slider (562). In addition, the oil ports of the hydraulic cylinders (561) are all connected to the oil ports of the oil circuit structure (6) through the oil pipe (55). The slider (562) has a piston chamber (565) in the center, and a central hole (564) is provided in the center of the inner side of the piston chamber (565). The central hole (564) is movably connected to the outside of the fixed tube (58). The slider (562) has several locking teeth (568) on the right side, and the locking teeth (568) are connected to the external teeth of the brake gear (8). The piston (566) is movably connected inside the piston chamber (565), and several telescopic blocks (567) are fixedly connected to the piston (566), with the telescopic blocks (567) respectively located between the corresponding locking teeth (568).

6. The embedded brake device for marine anchor winches according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner surface of the telescopic block (567) after it extends out is flush with the outer end face of the tooth (568).

7. The embedded brake device for marine anchor winches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil circuit structure (6) includes annular oil pipe one (61), annular oil pipe two (62), oil pipe joint one (63), oil pipe joint two (64), delivery joint one (65) and delivery joint two (66). The first annular oil pipe (61) and the second annular oil pipe (62) are fixedly connected to the inside of the edge of the machine housing (2). The inner side of the first annular oil pipe (61) and the second annular oil pipe (62) are respectively provided with several oil pipe joints (63) and oil pipe joints (64). The outer side of the first annular oil pipe (61) and the second annular oil pipe (62) are respectively provided with a conveying joint (65) and a conveying joint (66).

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