A hydraulic engineering sludge filter pressing drying treatment device

Abstract

The application provides a water conservancy project sludge filter pressing and drying treatment device, and belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment. The device comprises a base and two groups of racks, and two guide beams are fixed between the racks. The device is provided with two end head filter pressing plates and multiple movable filter pressing plates. The two sides of each filter pressing plate are equipped with inverted U-shaped sliding members which are in sliding cooperation with the guide beams. The sliding members are matched with synchronous telescopic frames to ensure the synchronous and equidistant movement of the movable filter pressing plates. The racks are provided with pressing mechanisms which can drive the opening and closing of the end head filter pressing plates. The upper part of the filter pressing plates is provided with a pressurized feeding mechanism to realize bidirectional synchronous feeding. A supporting and shaking mechanism is arranged between the racks to drive the overall lifting and vibration to complete the unloading. The base is provided with a water collecting and negative pressure suction mechanism to collect filtrate and form negative pressure suction. The synchronous opening and closing of the filter pressing plates is realized through the synchronous telescopic frames, and the two-end pressurized feeding, overall lifting and vibration unloading and negative pressure suction dehydration are cooperated to form a high-efficiency, automatic and remarkable dehydration effect treatment system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sludge treatment technology, and more specifically, to a device for dewatering and drying sludge from water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] Large quantities of silt with high water content are generated in water conservancy projects, river dredging, and municipal sewage treatment. Reducing and stabilizing this silt is a crucial prerequisite for subsequent resource utilization or environmentally friendly disposal. Filter press dewatering is one of the most common drying methods, with plate and frame filter presses or chamber filter presses as the core equipment.

[0003] Existing filter press equipment still suffers from several common technical bottlenecks affecting processing efficiency, operational stability, and automation levels during long-term application. First, most equipment relies on single-sided or individual filter plate opening and closing, making it difficult to ensure that dozens or even hundreds of filter plates are pressed synchronously and at equal intervals during mold closing. This easily leads to uneven pressure in the filter chamber, poor sealing causing "slurry spraying," and poor filter cake thickness consistency, affecting the overall dewatering effect. Second, conventional single-point or single-sided feeding methods easily cause uneven material distribution when filling large filter chambers. Areas far from the feed inlet are prone to "material shortages" or "bridging," while the near end may damage the filter cloth due to excessive impact, resulting in low dewatering efficiency and uneven filter cake thickness. Third, the dewatering process relies heavily on mechanical extrusion, lacking enhanced measures for deep dewatering. For fine particles and highly viscous sludge, pressing alone often fails to achieve the desired low moisture content. Finally, during the unloading stage, manual or simple mechanical scraping is generally relied upon. For mud cakes with strong adhesion, there are problems such as incomplete unloading, high labor intensity, and the need for machine shutdown and intervention, which affect the level of automation of continuous operation.

[0004] Therefore, developing an integrated filter press drying device that can achieve synchronous and precise opening and closing of filter plates, ensure uniform material distribution, enhance dewatering efficiency, and automatically and thoroughly unload material is of great significance for improving sludge treatment efficiency, reducing operating costs, and achieving automated continuous operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for the dewatering and drying of silt in water conservancy projects, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] This invention is implemented as follows: a silt dewatering and drying treatment device for water conservancy projects includes a base and two frames fixed on the base, with two guide beams fixed between the two frames, and further includes: Two end-cap filter plates and multiple movable filter plates disposed between the two end-cap filter plates. Both the front and rear sides of the end-cap filter plates and the movable filter plates are fixed with inverted U-shaped sliding parts that are slidably connected to the guide beam. The inverted U-shaped sliding parts are equipped with synchronous telescopic frames that enable the multiple movable filter plates to move synchronously and equidistantly. The pressing mechanism is mounted on the frame, and its output end is connected to the end cap filter plate, which is used to drive the two end cap filter plates to move closer or further away synchronously. The pressurized feeding mechanism is located above the movable filter press plate and is used to simultaneously pressurize and feed material to the two end filter press plates. The material shaking mechanism is installed between the two frames and is connected to the pressurized feeding mechanism, the end cap filter plate and the movable filter plate. It is used to drive the three components to lift and vibrate together to unload the material. The water collection negative pressure suction mechanism is installed on the base and connected to the end cap filter plate and the movable filter plate. It is used to collect the filtrate and perform negative pressure suction dehydration in the dehydration chamber.

[0007] Optionally, the synchronous telescopic frame is a scissor-type synchronous telescopic frame, which is composed of multiple sets of cross-hinged linkage units that are hinged end to end, and the middle hinge axis of the linkage unit is rotatably connected to the inverted U-shaped sliding member.

[0008] Optionally, the pressing mechanism includes four pressing telescopic cylinders, the cylinder bodies of the four pressing telescopic cylinders are fixedly connected to the frame, and the output ends are fixedly connected to the four corners of the end cap filter plate.

[0009] Optionally, the pressurized feeding mechanism includes a sludge box, a dual-shaft extension motor, a feeding shaft, a feeding auger, a feeding pipe, and a pressurizing device; the sludge box has integrally formed extension wings on both sides, one end of the feeding pipe is connected to the middle of the end cap filter plate, and the other end is slidably connected to the extension wing; the dual-shaft extension motor is fixed to the bottom of the sludge box, and its two output ends are connected to the feeding auger through the feeding shaft, and the feeding auger cooperates with the inner wall of the feeding pipe; the pressurizing device is installed on the extension wing and is used to pressurize the inner cavity of the sludge box.

[0010] Optionally, the spiral blades of the feeding auger have a progressive compression structure, and the pitch at the root near the dual-shaft extension motor is smaller than the pitch in the discharge port area.

[0011] Optionally, the movable filter press includes a filter frame, a cross support, filter cloth, and a dewatering chamber; the cross support is fixed inside the filter frame, and a central channel for guiding material is provided in the middle; the filter cloth is fixed on both sides of the filter frame, and a dewatering chamber is formed between two opposing filter cloths; the branch ends of the cross support are provided with flow guide notches that allow multiple dewatering chambers to communicate with each other.

[0012] Optionally, the central channel is a funnel-shaped structure that gradually expands along the direction of sludge flow, and its end is integrally formed with several radially distributed guide ribs; the side wall of the filter frame is provided with an embedded sealing groove, and the edge of the filter cloth is interference-fitted into the sealing groove by an elastic pressure strip; a sealing ring is embedded in the outer ring of the filter frame.

[0013] Optionally, the supporting shaking mechanism includes a retractable frame, a shaking telescopic cylinder, and a top sleeve ring; the top sleeve ring is fixed to the top of the end cap filter plate and the movable filter plate, and is slidably connected to the retractable frame; the lower sides of both ends of the retractable frame are fixed to the output end of the shaking telescopic cylinder, and the cylinder body of the shaking telescopic cylinder is fixed to the frame; the retractable frame is fixedly connected to the extension wing of the pressurized feeding mechanism through a corner bracket.

[0014] Optionally, the water collection negative pressure suction mechanism includes a collection tank, a negative pressure device, a filtrate discharge pipe, and a flexible connecting pipe; the filtrate discharge pipe is installed on the lower side of the end cap filter plate and the movable filter plate, and is connected to the dewatering chamber; the filtrate discharge pipe is connected to the top of the collection tank through the flexible connecting pipe, the negative pressure device is connected to the top of the collection tank, and a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the collection tank.

[0015] Optionally, a guide plate for receiving mud cake is fixed on one side of the liquid collection tank; the negative pressure device is a liquid ring vacuum pump or a dry screw vacuum pump, and a vacuum regulating valve and a vacuum gauge are provided on its connecting pipeline.

[0016] The present invention provides a sludge dewatering and drying device for water conservancy projects, which has the following beneficial effects: By incorporating multiple movable filter plates and end cap filter plates linked by a synchronous telescopic frame, and integrating a pressing mechanism, a pressurizing feeding mechanism, a supporting shaking mechanism, and a water collection negative pressure suction mechanism, the design enables all components to work collaboratively, achieving continuous automated operation from uniform feeding, synchronous filtration, negative pressure enhanced dewatering to overall vibration unloading. This design ensures synchronized changes in the spacing of all movable filter plates through the synchronous telescopic frame, and combined with the synchronous drive of the two end cap filter plates by the pressing mechanism, guarantees uniform pressure and reliable sealing in the filter chamber. The pressurizing feeding mechanism supplies material simultaneously from both ends, improving filling efficiency and uniformity. The supporting shaking mechanism synchronously drives the overall lifting and vibration of all filter plates and the pressurizing feeding mechanism, ensuring thorough and efficient unloading. The water collection negative pressure suction mechanism applies negative pressure while collecting the filtrate, significantly improving the dewatering rate and cake dryness.

[0017] In summary, this invention achieves synchronous opening and closing of the filter press plates through a synchronous telescopic frame, combined with pressurized feeding at both ends, overall lifting and vibration unloading, and negative pressure suction dewatering, thus forming a highly efficient, automatic processing system with significant dewatering effect.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0020] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sludge dewatering and drying treatment device for water conservancy projects provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a top view of the sludge dewatering and drying treatment device for water conservancy projects provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Axonometric view along the BB direction; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of section C; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the sludge dewatering and drying treatment device for water conservancy projects provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Axonometric view along the DD direction; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram of section E in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the movable filter plate in the sludge dewatering and drying device for water conservancy projects provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 for Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram of section F in the middle.

[0021] In the diagram: 1-Base, 2-Frame, 3-Pressure telescopic cylinder, 4-Guide beam, 5-Shaking telescopic cylinder, 6-Angle frame, 7-U-shaped frame, 8-Feeding pipe, 9-Pressure device, 10-Sludge box, 11-Extension wing, 12-Top sleeve ring, 13-End cap filter plate, 14-Filtration discharge pipe, 15-Flexible connecting pipe, 16-Bottom support rod, 17-Collection tank, 18-Drainage pipe, 19-Negative pressure device, 20-Modible filter plate, 21-Guide inclined plate, 22-Synchronous telescopic frame, 23-Inverted U-shaped sliding component, 24-Angle support plate, 25-Dual shaft extension motor, 26-Feeding shaft, 27-Feeding auger, 28-Filter frame, 29-Dewatering chamber, 30-Central channel, 31-Cross support, 32-Filter cloth, 33-Guide notch. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0024] like Figure 1-8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydraulic engineering sludge dewatering and drying device, including a base 1 and two frames 2 fixedly mounted on it, two guide beams 4 fixed between the two frames 2, and further including: The filter press plates 13 and 20 are provided. Two filter press plates 13 are provided between the two guide beams 4, and multiple 20 are provided between the two filter press plates 13. The front and rear sides of the filter press plates 13 and the 20 are fixed with inverted U-shaped sliding members 23 that are slidably connected to the guide beams 4. The inverted U-shaped sliding members 23 are also equipped with synchronous telescopic frames 22 for making the multiple 20 20 move synchronously. That is, the multiple 20 ...

[0025] A pressing mechanism is installed on the frame 2. The output end of the pressing mechanism is connected to the end cap filter plate 13. The two pressing mechanisms are used to control the two end cap filter plates 13 to move closer or further away synchronously.

[0026] A pressurized feeding mechanism is provided above the movable filter press plate 20 for simultaneously feeding and pressurizing the two end cap filter press plates 13.

[0027] A material-shaking mechanism is installed between the two frames 2. The material-shaking mechanism is connected to the pressurized feeding mechanism, the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20. The material-shaking mechanism is used to simultaneously drive the pressurized feeding mechanism, the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20 to lift and lower, thereby shaking off the mud cake on the movable filter plate 20.

[0028] A water collection negative pressure suction mechanism is installed on the base 1. The water collection negative pressure suction mechanism is connected to the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20. The water collection negative pressure suction mechanism is used to collect the filtrate filtered by the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20 and to perform negative pressure suction on the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20.

[0029] This invention utilizes a multi-movable filter press plate 20 and a headed filter press plate 13 linked by a synchronous telescopic frame 22, integrating a pressing mechanism, a pressurizing feeding mechanism, a supporting shaking mechanism, and a water collection negative pressure suction mechanism. This allows all components to work collaboratively, achieving continuous automated operation from uniform feeding, synchronous filtration, negative pressure enhanced dewatering, to overall vibration unloading. The synchronous telescopic frame 22 ensures synchronized changes in the spacing of all movable filter press plates 20, and the pressing mechanism synchronously drives the two headed filter press plates 13, guaranteeing uniform pressure and reliable sealing in the filter chamber. The pressurizing feeding mechanism supplies material simultaneously from both ends, improving filling efficiency and uniformity. The supporting shaking mechanism synchronously drives the overall lifting and vibrating of all filter press plates and the pressurizing feeding mechanism, ensuring thorough and efficient unloading. The water collection negative pressure suction mechanism applies negative pressure while collecting the filtrate, significantly improving the dewatering rate and cake density. The overall structure is compact, highly automated, and offers excellent processing efficiency and dewatering effect.

[0030] like Figure 6-7 As shown in Figures 9-10, in one embodiment, the movable filter press 20 includes a filter frame 28. A cross support 31 is fixed to the inner side of the filter frame 28. The four branches of the cross support 31 are fixed to the middle of the four sides of the filter frame 28. The middle of the cross support 31 is provided with a central channel 30 with a length less than the thickness of the filter frame 28, which is used to introduce sludge into the filter chamber between each movable filter press 20. Four filter cloths 32 are fixed to both sides of the filter frame 28. The outer ring of the filter cloth 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter frame 28 and the cross support 31. The space between two corresponding filter cloths 32 is a dewatering chamber 29. The branch ends of the cross support 31 are also provided with guide notches 33 that allow the four dewatering chambers 29 to communicate with each other, which is conducive to the discharge of filtrate.

[0031] Furthermore, sealing rings are also embedded on both outer rings of the filter frame 28, so that two adjacent movable filter plates 20 can fit tightly together.

[0032] For the end cap filter plate 13, the side near the movable filter plate 20 can adopt a structure that cooperates with the movable filter plate 20. That is, the end cap filter plate 13 acts as half of the movable filter plate 20. In this way, the structure between the movable filter plate 20 at the end and the end cap filter plate 13 is the same as the structure between two adjacent movable filter plates 20, which ensures the filtration efficiency. No further limitations or elaborations are required.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the central channel 30 is not a smooth, straight cylinder, but rather a funnel-shaped diffuser that gradually widens along the direction of sludge flow. Several radially distributed guide ribs are integrally formed at the end of the diffuser. When high-pressure sludge flows through the central channel 30, the funnel-shaped diffuser reduces the flow velocity and disperses the concentrated material flow. The radial guide ribs further cut and guide the material flow into the four quadrants of the filter chamber, ensuring that the sludge can be evenly filled into the space enclosed by the filter cloth 32. This avoids localized damage to the filter cloth 32 or uneven filter cake formation due to feed impact, thereby improving the filtration efficiency of a single filter chamber and the dryness consistency of the filter cake.

[0034] An embedded sealing groove is provided on the side wall of the filter frame 28 along its circumference, and the edge of the filter cloth 32 is interference-fitted into the sealing groove by an elastic pressure strip. This structure combines the fixing function of the filter cloth 32 and the sealing function of the filter frame 28 into one; the elastic pressure strip not only realizes the boltless quick disassembly and assembly of the filter cloth 32 (facilitating cleaning or replacement of clogged filter cloth 32), but also, after the edge of the filter cloth 32 is pressed into the sealing groove, it works together with the sealing ring. When adjacent plates are pressed together, the edge of the filter cloth 32 forms a double sealing barrier, effectively preventing the common phenomenon of slurry spraying or side leakage during high-pressure filtration.

[0035] The movable filter press plate 20, through its internal cross support 31 and central channel 30, particularly the central channel 30's funnel-shaped diffuser and radial guide rib structure, can evenly distribute the high-pressure feed throughout the filter chamber, effectively preventing uneven distribution of the material and localized impact damage to the filter cloth 32. The guide notches 33 on the cross support 31 connect the four dewatering chambers 29, ensuring smooth collection and discharge of the filtrate. Simultaneously, the filter cloth 32, through an elastic pressure strip interference fit within the sealing groove of the filter frame 28, allows for quick disassembly and assembly of the filter cloth 32 for easy maintenance, while also forming a reliable sealing system with the sealing ring of the filter frame 28, eliminating leakage during the filtration process. The end-cap filter press plate 13 uses the same fitting structure, ensuring consistent efficiency in the final filter chamber. These improvements collectively enhance the uniformity of material distribution, dewatering efficiency, sealing reliability, and ease of maintenance in a single filter chamber.

[0036] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in one embodiment, the pressing mechanism includes four pressing telescopic cylinders 3 whose output ends are fixed to the four corners of the end cap filter plate 13. The cylinder body of the pressing telescopic cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the frame 2, and the end cap filter plate 13 can be driven to move stably through the four pressing telescopic cylinders 3.

[0037] The top of the inverted U-shaped sliding member 23 is also fixedly connected to the filter frame 28 through the corner support plate 24, which improves the stability of the inverted U-shaped sliding member 23.

[0038] The synchronous telescopic frame 22 is a scissor-type synchronous telescopic frame. The intermediate shaft of the synchronous telescopic frame 22 is connected to the inverted U-shaped sliding member 23. In this way, when the end cap filter plate 13 moves, the synchronous telescopic frame 22 can be used to realize the synchronous and equidistant movement of the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the scissor-type synchronous telescopic frame is composed of multiple sets of cross-hinged linkage units, sequentially hinged end-to-end to form a telescopic chain structure. The intermediate hinge shaft of each linkage unit (i.e., the intermediate shaft of the synchronous telescopic frame 22) is connected to the side wall of the inverted U-shaped sliding member 23 via a bearing seat. This design ensures that power is precisely transmitted from the end cap filter plate 13 to each linkage unit through the inverted U-shaped sliding member 23, thereby achieving synchronous translation of all movable filter plates 20.

[0040] The pressing mechanism stably drives the end cap filter plate 13 through four pressing telescopic cylinders 3, ensuring reliable pressure transmission. The inverted U-shaped sliding member 23 is fixed to the filter frame 28 via the corner brace 24, enhancing the overall structural rigidity. The scissor-type synchronous telescopic frame 22 is connected to the inverted U-shaped sliding member 23 through the intermediate hinge shaft of its multiple linkage units, accurately and synchronously transmitting the movement of the end cap filter plate 13 to all movable filter plates 20, ensuring the synchronous and equidistant movement of each movable filter plate 20. This design not only ensures uniform filter chamber pressure and reliable sealing, but also makes all filter plates move in unison during opening and closing, effectively avoiding problems such as jamming, uneven wear, or leakage caused by asynchrony, thereby improving the stability, efficiency, and uniformity of filter cake quality in the filter pressing operation.

[0041] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figure 5, in one embodiment, the pressurized feeding mechanism includes a sludge box 10 located above the movable filter press plate 20. Extending wings 11 are integrally formed on the lower sides of both sides of the sludge box 10. A feeding pipe 8 communicating with the central channel 30 is fixed in the middle of the end cap filter press plate 13. The other end of the feeding pipe 8 is slidably connected to the extending wings 11 to accommodate the movement of the end cap filter press plate 13. A dual-shaft extension motor 25 is fixed to the inner bottom of the sludge box 10. Feeding shafts 26 corresponding to the feeding pipe 8 are fixed to the output ends of the dual-shaft extension motor 25 on both sides. A feeding auger 27 cooperating with the feeding pipe 8 is fixed on the feeding shafts 26. A pressurizing device 9 for pressurizing the inner cavity of the sludge box 10 is also installed on one of the extending wings 11.

[0042] Furthermore, the top of the sludge tank 10 is provided with a sludge inlet, and the inner cavity of the sludge tank 10 is designed so that the sludge can gather into the feed pipe 8. When the dual-shaft extension motor 25 drives the feeding auger 27 to rotate, the two feeding augers 27 are used to simultaneously push the sludge into the feed pipe 8, thereby conveying it to the end cap filter plate 13 through the feed pipe 8, and guiding it through the central channel 30.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the pitch of the spiral blades of the feeding auger 27 near the root region of the dual-shaft extension motor 25 is smaller than the pitch at the discharge port region, forming a progressive compression structure. This design allows for the conveying of looser materials in the feeding section and enhances the compression and sealing of the material in the discharge section, which helps overcome pipeline resistance and prevent backflow. Furthermore, the surfaces of the feeding shaft 26 and the auger blades can be coated with a superhydrophobic and wear-resistant coating to reduce adhesion.

[0044] The pressurizing device 9 is a frequency-controlled air compressor or air pump, and its output pressure can be programmed to control according to the filtration stage. For example, a lower pressure is used in the initial filling stage to help the sludge quickly fill the filter chamber; the pressure is increased in the middle stage of filtration to promote dewatering; and the pressure can be adjusted again at the end of the pressure holding stage. The control signal of the pressurizing device 9 is linked with the start / stop and speed of the dual-shaft extension motor 25 to form a coordinated pressure-flow control mode.

[0045] The pressurized feeding mechanism, through the sludge tank 10 with extended wings 11 and the feeding augers 27 on both sides driven by a dual-shaft motor 25, achieves simultaneous and equal-pressure feeding of sludge from both ends to the feed pipe 8 of the end cap filter plate 13, significantly improving filling efficiency and uniformity. The feeding augers 27 adopt a progressive compression structure with a small root pitch and a large outlet pitch, effectively ensuring smooth feeding and establishing back pressure at the outlet to prevent backflow. The sliding connection design between the feed pipe 8 and the extended wings 11 adapts to positional changes during the movement of the filter plate. Combined with the frequency-controlled pressurized device 9, the pressure inside the sludge tank 10 can be intelligently adjusted according to the filtration stage, and pressure-flow control is formed in coordination with the dual-shaft motor 25, achieving precise and adaptive management of the feeding process, thus providing a key guarantee for subsequent efficient and uniform filtration and dewatering.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the supporting shaking mechanism includes a spiral frame 7, and a top sleeve 12 is fixed to the top of both the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20. The top sleeve 12 is slidably connected to the spiral frame 7. Shaking telescopic cylinders 5 are fixed to the lower sides of both ends of the spiral frame 7. The cylinder body of the shaking telescopic cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the frame 2. The spiral frame 7 is also fixedly connected to the extension wing 11 through the corner frame 6.

[0047] The material-shaking telescopic cylinder 5 drives the retractable frame 7 to rise and fall, which in turn drives the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20 to rise and fall via the top sleeve ring 12. The top sleeve ring 12 and the retractable frame 7 are slidably connected, allowing the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20 to move freely. The guide beam 4 and the inverted U-shaped sliding part 23 are slidably connected, which can ensure the stability of the rise and fall of the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20 and avoid shaking. When the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20 are opened, the material-shaking telescopic cylinder 5 drives the retractable frame 7 to rise and fall, which can shake off the mud cake on the movable filter plate 20. The corner frame 6 can make the pressurized feeding mechanism rise and fall synchronously with the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20, which is stable and reliable.

[0048] The material-shaking mechanism provided by this invention drives the retractable frame 7 to rise and fall via the material-shaking telescopic cylinder 5, which in turn drives all the end cap filter plates 13 and movable filter plates 20 to rise and fall synchronously and vibrate as a whole via the top sleeve ring 12, thereby achieving thorough and efficient shaking off of the mud cake. The sliding connection between the top sleeve ring 12 and the retractable frame 7, as well as the cooperation between the guide beam 4 and the inverted U-shaped sliding component 23 (i.e., not only lateral sliding cooperation, but also longitudinal sliding cooperation), ensures the stability of the lifting process and prevents shaking. At the same time, the retractable frame 7 is fixedly connected to the extension wing 11 of the pressurized feeding mechanism via the corner frame 6, so that the feeding mechanism can move synchronously with the filter plates, ensuring the coordination and reliability of the entire system during the material shaking and unloading stage, and greatly improving the automation level and operating efficiency of unloading.

[0049] like Figure 1 , 6 As shown in Figure 8, in one embodiment, the water collection negative pressure suction mechanism includes a liquid collection tank 17, a drain pipe 18 is provided on the lower side of one side of the liquid collection tank 17, and the top of the liquid collection tank 17 is connected to the filtrate discharge pipe 14 through a flexible connecting pipe 15. The filtrate discharge pipe 14 is installed on the lower side of the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20 and communicates with the dewatering chamber 29. The top of the liquid collection tank 17 is also provided with a negative pressure device 19 for negative pressure suction of its inner cavity.

[0050] Furthermore, a guide plate 21 is fixed to the side of the collection tank 17 away from the discharge pipe 18. A bottom support rod 16 is fixed to the lower side of the guide plate 21 and the collection tank 17. The lower end of the bottom support rod 16 is fixed to the base 1. The guide plate 21 is used to collect mud cake. Valves are provided on both the filtrate discharge pipe 14 and the discharge pipe 18 for easy control.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the negative pressure device 19 is preferably a liquid ring vacuum pump or a dry screw vacuum pump, the inlet of which is connected to the top of the collection tank 17 via a vacuum buffer tank. A vacuum regulating valve and a vacuum gauge are provided on the connecting pipeline. The system supports staged negative pressure control: in the main dewatering stage of filtration, a higher negative pressure value is used to quickly draw in free water; in the later stage of filtration, a lower negative pressure value is switched to hold-pressure drying, gently drawing in capillary water, thus reducing energy consumption and preventing the filter cloth micropores from clogging while ensuring dewatering efficiency.

[0052] Inside the collection tank 17, below the inlet of the flexible connecting pipe 15, a baffle plate or cyclone separator (not shown) is installed. After the filtrate and gas mixture enters the collection tank 17, it impacts the baffle plate or generates a cyclone, achieving primary gas-liquid separation. The liquid falls to the bottom of the tank, while the gas rises and is drawn away. At the top of the collection tank 17, near the inlet of the negative pressure device 19, a high-efficiency gas-liquid separator or demister is installed to perform secondary purification of the gas, minimizing the risk of droplets or foam being sucked into the negative pressure device 19 and causing damage. A check valve is installed on the inlet pipe of the negative pressure device 19 to prevent backflow of filtrate or air when the system is shut down.

[0053] The negative pressure suction mechanism draws filtrate from each dewatering chamber 29 into the collection tank 17 via the filtrate discharge pipe 14 and flexible connecting pipe 15 for collection and centralized discharge. A negative pressure device 19 establishes and maintains negative pressure in the collection tank 17 and throughout the filtrate discharge path, creating suction force on top of mechanical filtration. This significantly accelerates filtrate discharge, improving dewatering efficiency and cake density. The mechanism preferably uses a liquid ring vacuum pump as the negative pressure device 19 and supports staged negative pressure control, optimizing the dewatering process and saving energy. The gas-liquid separation structure inside the collection tank 17 and the check valve design in the pipeline effectively prevent droplets from entering the negative pressure device 19 and filtrate backflow, ensuring reliable system operation. Simultaneously, a guide plate 21 on one side of the collection tank 17 facilitates the collection and transfer of fallen cake.

[0054] The present invention provides a hydraulic engineering sludge dewatering and drying device in the above embodiments, the working principle of which is as follows: First, during the filter press stage, the pressing telescopic cylinder 3 drives the two end-cap filter press plates 13 to move towards each other. Through the linkage of the synchronous telescopic frame 22, all movable filter press plates 20 move synchronously, causing the plates to come together and press against each other, forming a sealed filter press chamber. Subsequently, the dual-shaft extension motor 25 drives the feeding auger 27 to rotate, feeding the sludge in the sludge tank 10 evenly into each filter press chamber through the feeding pipe 8 and the central channel 30. At the same time, the pressurizing device 9 pressurizes the inner cavity of the sludge tank 10, accelerating the filling and dewatering of the sludge.

[0055] Secondly, during the pressing and dewatering stage, material is continuously supplied to the filter press chamber and pressure is maintained. Under pressure, the water in the sludge passes through the filter cloth 32, enters the dewatering chamber 29, and collects through the guide notch 33. Finally, it is discharged into the collection tank 17 through the filtrate discharge pipe 14 and the flexible connecting pipe 15. During this process, the negative pressure device 19 is activated to suction the collection tank 17, thereby creating negative pressure in the filtrate discharge pipe, further accelerating the discharge of filtrate, and performing secondary suction dewatering on the sludge cake in the filter press chamber, effectively reducing the moisture content of the sludge cake.

[0056] Finally, during the unloading stage, the clamping telescopic cylinder 3 reverses its movement, causing the end cap filter plate 13 and the movable filter plate 20 to open sequentially, increasing the distance between adjacent plates. Subsequently, the shaking telescopic cylinder 5 drives the retractable frame 7 to rise and fall as a whole, causing all the end cap filter plates 13 and the movable filter plate 20 to vibrate synchronously through the top sleeve ring 12. This causes the dried sludge cake attached to the filter cloth 32 to fall off under the action of gravity and vibration, falling onto the guide inclined plate 21 below and being collected, completing a complete filter drying cycle.

[0057] In summary, this device achieves equal-spaced opening and closing of each plate through the synchronous telescopic frame 22, combined with negative pressure suction and vibration shaking, to achieve efficient dewatering and automatic unloading, significantly improving processing efficiency and automation.

[0058] The control of each component can be achieved using a PLC controller disclosed in the existing technology. There are no specific limitations on the model and circuit connection of each component, and they can be flexibly set in actual applications.

[0059] The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. The content protected by this invention does not involve any improvement to the software and methods.

[0060] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0061] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "embodiment," "example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0062] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A silt dewatering and drying treatment device for water conservancy projects, comprising a base (1) and two frames (2) fixed on the base (1), wherein two guide beams (4) are fixed between the two frames (2), characterized in that, Also includes: Two end-cap filter plates (13) and multiple movable filter plates (20) disposed between the two end-cap filter plates (13). Both the end-cap filter plates (13) and the movable filter plates (20) are fixed with inverted U-shaped sliding parts (23) that are slidably connected to the guide beam (4). The inverted U-shaped sliding parts (23) are equipped with synchronous telescopic frames (22) that enable the multiple movable filter plates (20) to move synchronously and at equal distances. The pressing mechanism is installed on the frame (2), and its output end is connected to the end cap filter plate (13) to drive the two end cap filter plates (13) to move closer or further away synchronously. The pressurized feeding mechanism is located above the movable filter press plate (20) and is used to simultaneously pressurize and feed the two end-cap filter press plates (13). The material shaking mechanism is installed between the two frames (2) and connected to the pressurized feeding mechanism, the end cap filter plate (13) and the movable filter plate (20) to drive the three to lift and vibrate to unload the material. The water collection negative pressure suction mechanism is installed on the base (1) and connected to the end cap filter plate (13) and the movable filter plate (20) to collect the filtrate and perform negative pressure suction dehydration on the dehydration chamber (29).

2. The sludge dewatering and drying treatment device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous telescopic frame (22) is a scissor-type synchronous telescopic frame, which is composed of multiple sets of cross-hinged linkage units that are hinged end to end. The middle hinge shaft of the linkage unit is rotatably connected to the inverted U-shaped sliding member (23).

3. The sludge dewatering and drying device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing mechanism includes four pressing telescopic cylinders (3). The cylinder bodies of the four pressing telescopic cylinders (3) are fixedly connected to the frame (2), and the output ends are fixedly connected to the four corners of the end cap filter plate (13).

4. The sludge dewatering and drying treatment device for water conservancy projects according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The pressurized feeding mechanism includes a sludge box (10), a dual-shaft extension motor (25), a feeding shaft (26), a feeding auger (27), a feeding pipe (8), and a pressurizing device (9); The sludge box (10) has extension wings (11) integrally formed on both sides. One end of the feed pipe (8) is connected to the middle of the end cap filter plate (13), and the other end is slidably connected to the extension wings (11). The dual-shaft extension motor (25) is fixed at the bottom of the sludge box (10), and its two output ends are connected to the feeding auger (27) through the feeding shaft (26). The feeding auger (27) is fitted with the inner wall of the feeding pipe (8). The pressurizing device (9) is mounted on the extension wing (11) and is used to pressurize the inner cavity of the sludge tank (10).

5. The sludge dewatering and drying device for water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spiral blades of the feeding auger (27) have a progressive compression structure, and the pitch at the root near the dual-shaft extension motor (25) is smaller than the pitch in the discharge port area.

6. The sludge dewatering and drying treatment device for water conservancy projects according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The movable filter press (20) includes a filter frame (28), a cross support (31), a filter cloth (32), and a dewatering chamber (29). The cross support (31) is fixed inside the filter frame (28), and a central channel (30) for guiding materials is provided in the middle. The filter cloth (32) is fixed on both sides of the filter frame (28), and a dewatering chamber (29) is formed between the two opposing filter cloths (32). The branch ends of the cross support (31) are provided with flow guide notches (33) that allow multiple dehydration chambers (29) to communicate with each other.

7. The sludge dewatering and drying device for water conservancy projects according to claim 6, characterized in that, The central channel (30) is a funnel-shaped structure that gradually expands along the direction of silt flow, and its end is integrally formed with several radially distributed guide ribs. The filter frame (28) has an embedded sealing groove on its side wall, and the edge of the filter cloth (32) is press-fitted into the sealing groove by an elastic pressure strip; The filter frame (28) is fitted with a sealing ring on its outer ring.

8. The sludge dewatering and drying device for water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material-shaking support mechanism includes a spiral frame (7), a material-shaking telescopic cylinder (5), and a top collar (12). The top sleeve (12) is fixed on the top of the end cap filter plate (13) and the movable filter plate (20), and is slidably connected to the spiral frame (7); The lower sides of both ends of the spiral frame (7) are fixed to the output end of the material shaking telescopic cylinder (5), and the cylinder body of the material shaking telescopic cylinder (5) is fixed to the frame (2); The spiral frame (7) is fixedly connected to the extension wing (11) of the pressurized feeding mechanism via the corner frame (6).

9. The sludge dewatering and drying device for water conservancy projects according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water collection negative pressure suction mechanism includes a liquid collection tank (17), a negative pressure device (19), a filtrate discharge pipe (14), and a flexible connecting pipe (15). The filtrate discharge pipe (14) is installed on the lower side of the end cap filter plate (13) and the movable filter plate (20) and is connected to the dewatering chamber (29); The filtrate discharge pipe (14) is connected to the top of the collection tank (17) via a flexible connecting pipe (15), the negative pressure device (19) is connected to the top of the collection tank (17), and the collection tank (17) is provided with a drain pipe (18) at the bottom.

10. The sludge dewatering and drying device for water conservancy projects according to claim 9, characterized in that, A guide plate (21) for receiving mud cake is fixed on one side of the liquid collection tank (17). The negative pressure device (19) is a liquid ring vacuum pump or a dry screw vacuum pump, and its connecting pipeline is equipped with a vacuum regulating valve and a vacuum gauge.

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