A finishing material and a method for preparing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a decoration material, which comprises building gypsum, heavy calcium carbonate, vitrified microbead, polymer fiber, redispersible emulsion powder and retarder and the like raw materials. The decoration material is precisely proportioned, replaces at least four functional materials necessary in traditional construction, and is used for different processes by adjusting the water / powder ratio on site, so that the complex process of "one process one material" is completely changed, the construction is greatly simplified, and the complexity of material management and construction organization is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building materials technology, and more specifically to a decorative material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In modern building decoration projects, wall treatment is a fundamental step that determines the final finish and long-term durability. This process typically requires the sequential use of various functional gypsum-based building materials, including: joint compound for filling gypsum board joints, wire channels, and holes, which requires good plasticity, strong adhesion, and a moderate setting time to prevent shrinkage and cracking; base leveling gypsum for large-area or localized thick-layer treatment of uneven surfaces, which requires high compressive and flexural strength, strong adhesion to the base layer, and good anti-sagging properties; lightweight plastering gypsum for overall wall plastering to reduce load and improve thermal and sound insulation performance, which requires low dry density, high construction efficiency, and low shrinkage; and putty (topcoat gypsum) for the final fine finishing layer, which requires a smooth and delicate surface, moderate hardness, and excellent sandability to provide a perfect base for the surface decoration materials.

[0003] Currently, most products on the market focus on a single function. To complete a full wall renovation, construction companies must purchase, store, and manage multiple materials. This model has significant drawbacks. High procurement and warehousing costs: It requires dealing with multiple suppliers, inventory management is complex, a lot of capital and space are tied up, and logistics costs are added up.

[0004] Serious material waste: Because materials in different processes are not interchangeable, it is difficult to accurately synchronize the usage of different materials, which often results in some materials being surplus while others are in short supply. The surplus materials are often discarded because they have only one function, which increases costs and does not conform to the concept of green construction.

[0005] Poor construction coordination: The performance of materials from different brands and batches may vary, resulting in poor bonding between the interfaces of different treatment layers, which can easily lead to quality problems such as hollowing, cracking, and detachment. At the same time, workers need to frequently switch and mix different materials, which reduces construction efficiency, requires high technical skills from workers, and increases the risk of misuse.

[0006] To address these issues, some "general-purpose" or multi-functional materials have emerged on the market. However, these materials typically only compromise between limited functions. For example, materials that focus on leveling often have coarse particles and cannot meet the fineness requirements of surface putty. Lightweight plastering materials, due to the extensive use of lightweight aggregates, have low strength and are not suitable for caulking and leveling where strength is required. Existing technologies still lack a solution that can achieve an ideal balance between key properties such as strength, flexibility, lightweight, fineness, and workability, truly realizing "one material, seamless application in multiple scenarios".

[0007] Therefore, in view of the problems of existing decoration materials having single function, poor system integration, and high overall cost, there is an urgent need to develop a brand-new decoration material and its preparation method. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a decoration material and its preparation method. The formula is scientific and the performance is balanced. It can be flexibly adapted to all process requirements from joint filling, thick layer leveling, lightweight plastering to top layer putty by simply changing the amount of solvent added during on-site construction through a single formula system. This simplifies the construction process, reduces the overall cost, reduces material waste, and ensures the consistency and reliability of the final project quality.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A type of decorative material, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-450 parts of building plaster; 500-600 parts of heavy calcium carbonate; 20-40 parts of vitrified microspheres; 3-6 parts polymer fiber; 4-8 parts of redispersible latex powder; 0.4-1.0 parts of retarder.

[0010] Preferably, the decoration materials include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of building plaster; 570 parts of heavy calcium carbonate; 30 parts of vitrified microspheres; 4 parts polymer fiber; 5 parts redispersible latex powder; 0.6 parts of retarder.

[0011] Preferably, the building plaster is β-hemihydrate plaster.

[0012] Preferably, the vitrified microspheres are expanded vitrified microspheres with a closed-cell rate of ≥95% and a particle size of 0.5-1.5mm.

[0013] Preferably, the polymer fiber is a polypropylene monofilament fiber.

[0014] Preferably, the redispersible latex powder is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer powder.

[0015] Preferably, the retarder is a protein-based retarder or a citrate-based retarder.

[0016] This invention provides a method for preparing decorative materials, comprising the following steps: S1. Weigh each component according to the weight ratio; S2. Add heavy calcium carbonate, building gypsum, redispersible latex powder and retarder to the mixer and dry mix at low speed until uniform; S3. Under low-speed stirring, the vitrified microspheres are uniformly added to the mixer, and the feeding time is 2-4 minutes; S4. The polymer fibers are evenly dispersed and sprinkled into the mixer; S5. After all components have been added, switch to high-speed mixing to ensure uniform dispersion of the materials. S6. After mixing, discharge the material to obtain dry powder mortar; S7. Mix the dry mortar and solvent according to the weight ratio to obtain the decoration material.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the low speed is 20-30 r / min and the dry mixing time is 5-10 minutes; in step S5, the high speed is 50-60 r / min and the mixing time is 10-15 minutes.

[0018] Preferably, in step S7, the weight ratio of dry powder mortar to solvent is 1:0.3~0.6; the solvent is water.

[0019] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a decoration material and its preparation method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention replaces at least four functional materials required in traditional construction with a precisely proportioned decoration material. Users only need to adjust the water-powder ratio on-site to obtain a special slurry suitable for different processes. It completely changes the complicated process of "one material per process", greatly simplifies construction, and reduces the complexity of material management and construction organization.

[0020] 2. This invention is not a simple compromise on multiple performance characteristics, but rather achieves synergistic enhancement and unification of multiple key performance characteristics through the synergistic effect of each component; A balance of high strength and high flexibility: Building gypsum and heavy calcium carbonate provide solid matrix strength, while the key innovation is the composite addition of redispersible latex powder and polymer fibers. The latex powder significantly improves the bonding strength to various substrates, the cohesion of the slurry, and the flexibility, while the fibers form a three-dimensional network inside the material, effectively inhibiting plastic shrinkage and preventing cracking. This allows the material to be used in leveling layers up to 2 cm thick without cracking or hollowing, while also meeting the crack resistance and durability requirements of joint caulking materials.

[0021] The combination of lightweight and good workability: The introduction of an appropriate amount of closed-cell high-strength vitrified microspheres effectively reduces the dry density of the material, giving it the function of lightweight plastering, reducing building load and improving thermal insulation performance; at the same time, the addition of adhesive powder improves the workability and water retention of the slurry, and the combination of retarders ensures the working time, so that the material can achieve a smooth and slippery construction feel under different water additions, making it easy to apply and with good anti-sagging properties.

[0022] The unity of a smooth surface and overall strength: The fine-grained heavy calcium carbonate powder ensures that the material can provide a sufficiently smooth surface when used as a putty; the reasonable gypsum content and adhesive powder work together to make the thin coating easy to sand while still having sufficient strength to meet the surface requirements, without producing "powdering" or "powdering".

[0023] 3. This invention significantly reduces overall costs and avoids rework and repair costs caused by interfacial adhesion problems due to the use of different materials; the preparation method is scientific and efficient, ensuring the stability and reproducibility of product performance; it is flexible in application, highly adaptable, and widely applicable, with significant economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the preparation method of the decoration material provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1: This invention discloses a decorative material comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: Building plaster: 400 parts Heavy calcium carbonate (400 mesh): 570 parts Vitrified microspheres: 30 parts Polymer fiber: 4 parts Redispersible latex powder: 5 parts Protein-based retarder: 0.6 parts.

[0028] The building plaster is β-hemihydrate plaster.

[0029] Vitrified microspheres are expanded vitrified microspheres with a closed-cell rate of ≥95% and a particle size of 1mm.

[0030] The polymer fiber is a polypropylene monofilament fiber with a length of 9mm.

[0031] The redispersible latex powder is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer powder.

[0032] The retarder is a protein-based retarder.

[0033] The preparation methods for decoration materials are as follows: Accurately weigh each of the above raw material components; Add heavy calcium carbonate, building gypsum, redispersible latex powder and protein retarder into a ribbon mixer and dry mix at low speed (20-30 r / min) for 8 minutes. Keep stirring at a low speed and slowly and evenly sprinkle the vitrified microspheres into the mixer using a manual or slow feeder, which takes about 3 minutes. The polypropylene fibers are evenly dispersed and sprinkled into the mixer.

[0034] Mix all materials in the mixer at high speed (50-60 r / min) for 12 minutes.

[0035] After being mixed evenly, the material is discharged to obtain dry mortar. The dry mortar is then mixed with water according to the weight ratio to obtain decoration materials.

[0036] Among them, the ribbon mixer and the slow feeder are both commonly used existing structures, and will not be described in detail here.

[0037] Among them, dry powder mortar and water are mixed according to the weight ratio to obtain the application of decoration materials, as shown in Table 1. Table 1

[0038] Example 2: This invention discloses a decorative material made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Building plaster: 450 parts Heavy calcium carbonate: 500 parts Vitrified microspheres: 25 parts Polypropylene fiber: 5 parts Redispersible latex powder: 8 parts Trisodium citrate retarder: 0.8 parts; The preparation method is the same as in Example 1. This example increases the content of gypsum and adhesive powder, making it suitable for occasions with higher requirements for strength and adhesion, such as old wall renovation and smooth substrate treatment.

[0039] Example 3: This invention discloses a decorative material made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Building plaster: 380 parts Heavy calcium carbonate: 550 parts Vitrified microspheres: 40 parts Polypropylene fiber: 3 parts Redispersible latex powder: 4 parts Protein-based retarder: 1.0 part; The preparation method is the same as in Example 1, but the addition of vitrified microspheres needs to be slower. This example increases the content of vitrified microspheres, resulting in lighter weight and better thermal insulation performance, making it particularly suitable for indoor ceiling plastering or walls with thermal insulation requirements.

[0040] Comparative Example 1: A certain brand of special jointing plaster was used, which has similar jointing performance to this invention, but the particles are coarser and cannot be used as a fine surface putty; and because it does not contain lightweight aggregates, if it is used for thick leveling or plastering, it has a high density, is prone to sagging, and has poor workability.

[0041] Comparative Example 2: A certain brand of lightweight plastering gypsum is used. It is lightweight, has good thermal insulation properties, and is smooth to apply. However, due to its low gypsum content and high vitrified microsphere content, the overall strength of the material is low. When used for caulking and thin-layer leveling, its crack resistance and wear resistance are insufficient, and its adhesion is not as good as that of specialized products.

[0042] The preparation method of this invention is scientific and efficient, ensuring the stability of product performance. The steps of the preparation method are scientifically and rationally designed, especially the step-by-step and speed-controlled feeding and mixing process. First, the powder is mixed to ensure the uniformity of the basic components. Then, vitrified microspheres are added at a low speed to maximize the protection of the intact spherical structure of the lightweight aggregate and prevent breakage, thereby ensuring the lightweight and heat-insulating properties of the finished product. Finally, the fiber is added and mixed at high speed to ensure the uniform dispersion of the fiber in the system and maximize its crack resistance. The process of this invention is easy to implement in existing dry powder mortar production lines, and the product quality is stable and controllable, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0043] This invention features a clearly defined wide range of water-to-powder ratios, giving the material exceptional on-site adaptability. Construction workers can fine-tune the water-to-powder ratio within a broad range of 0.3 to 0.6 based on substrate conditions (water absorption, smoothness), climatic conditions (temperature, humidity), specific construction techniques (manual application or mechanical spraying), and thickness requirements to achieve optimal construction performance and final quality. This flexibility allows it to adapt to complex conditions in different regions, seasons, and project requirements across the country, making it highly versatile. The product's initial setting time is ≥70 min (sufficiently retarded to meet summer construction needs), oven-dry flexural strength ≥4.0 MPa, oven-dry compressive strength ≥10.0 MPa, tensile bond strength (with cement mortar board) ≥0.6 MPa, and dry density (lightweight plaster state) ≤1000 kg / m³. 3 The product of this invention maintains good workability while exhibiting excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, far exceeding the limitations of single-function products.

[0044] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0045] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A decorative material, characterized in that, Including the following parts by weight of raw materials: 350-450 parts of building plaster; 500-600 parts of heavy calcium carbonate; 20-40 parts of vitrified microspheres; 3-6 parts polymer fiber; 4-8 parts of redispersible latex powder; 0.4-1.0 parts of retarder.

2. The decorative material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Including the following parts by weight of raw materials: 400 parts of building plaster; 570 parts of heavy calcium carbonate; 30 parts of vitrified microspheres; 4 parts polymer fiber; 5 parts redispersible latex powder; 0.6 parts of retarder.

3. The decorative material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The building plaster is β-hemihydrate plaster.

4. The decorative material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vitrified microspheres are expanded vitrified microspheres with a closed-cell rate of ≥95% and a particle size of 0.5-1.5mm.

5. A decorative material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer fiber is a polypropylene monofilament fiber.

6. A decorative material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The redispersible latex powder is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer powder.

7. A decorative material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retarder is a protein-based retarder or a citrate-based retarder.

8. A method for preparing a decorative material as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Weigh each component according to the weight ratio; S2. Add heavy calcium carbonate, building gypsum, redispersible latex powder and retarder to the mixer and dry mix at low speed until uniform; S3. Under low-speed stirring, the vitrified microspheres are uniformly added to the mixer, and the feeding time is 2-4 minutes; S4. The polymer fibers are evenly dispersed and sprinkled into the mixer; S5. After all components have been added, switch to high-speed mixing to ensure uniform dispersion of the materials. S6. After mixing, discharge the material to obtain dry powder mortar; S7. Mix the dry mortar and solvent according to the weight ratio to obtain the decoration material.

9. The method for preparing decorative materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, the low speed is 20-30 r / min and the dry mixing time is 5-10 minutes; in step S5, the high speed is 50-60 r / min and the mixing time is 10-15 minutes.

10. The method for preparing decorative materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S7, the weight ratio of dry mortar to solvent is 1:0.3~0.6; the solvent is water.

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