A method for preparing environment-friendly handicrafts by using industrial by-product gypsum

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of methods for preparing environmental protection handicraft using industrial by-product gypsum, comprising the following steps: raw material preparation: taking industrial by-product gypsum, white cement, epoxy resin, sodium polyacrylate as raw materials;Raw material mixing: raw materials are put into mixing equipment, and add water in proportion, mix and stir uniformly, and prepare mixed material;Injection molding: after mixed material is injected into customized silica gel mold, it is placed in vibrating bed and vibrated to exhaust;Solidification demolding: after the mold of injection molding is placed in natural environment, stand until mixed material solidifies, and demolding treatment is carried out;Finished product drying: the obtained handicraft blank is placed in natural environment for air drying treatment, until the blank is completely dried, and environmental protection handicraft is prepared.The application has the following advantages: the used industrial by-product gypsum is one or more of desulfurization gypsum, phosphogypsum and fluorogypsum, the process of the method is simple, raw materials are widely available, and the utilization and industrialization of by-product gypsum can be realized, which is green and low-carbon;The finished product has excellent performance, and environmental protection handicraft such as environmental protection flowerpot, flower vase, ornament, handicraft table lamp can be produced on a large scale, cost is saved, complete resource circulation system is constructed, and environmental protection and economic value are combined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial by-product gypsum resource utilization technology, and in particular to a method for preparing environmentally friendly handicrafts using industrial by-product gypsum. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's power and chemical industries, the production of industrial by-product gypsum such as desulfurization gypsum, phosphogypsum, and fluorogypsum is increasing daily. The large-scale accumulation of this type of industrial solid waste not only occupies valuable land resources but also easily causes groundwater and soil pollution, posing a serious potential threat to the ecological environment. Its resource-efficient utilization has become an important research direction in the environmental protection field. Currently, the utilization of industrial by-product gypsum is mainly concentrated in basic building materials such as cement retarders, paper-faced gypsum board, and cementitious materials. These products have low added value, and some utilization processes still suffer from complex procedures and low raw material utilization rates. In the field of handicraft preparation, traditional base materials mostly use natural gypsum ore, pure cement, or resin materials. Over-exploitation of natural gypsum ore damages natural landscapes and ecosystems; pure cement products have high carbon emissions; and pure resin products suffer from non-renewable resources and are difficult to degrade after disposal. While pure gypsum products have readily available raw materials, they suffer from poor water resistance and short service life, making it difficult to meet the usage and performance requirements of handicrafts. Meanwhile, the current end-of-life treatment of handicrafts mainly relies on landfill and disposal, which easily generates construction waste and exacerbates the pressure on urban waste management. A complete resource recycling system of "raw materials-products-waste-reuse" has not yet been formed. Therefore, developing an environmentally friendly handicraft preparation method that uses industrial by-product gypsum as the core raw material, has a simple preparation process, produces high-performance products, and enables resource recycling has significant environmental and economic value. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing environmentally friendly handicrafts using industrial by-product gypsum, which addresses issues such as low added value from the resource utilization of industrial by-product gypsum, high carbon emissions, poor water resistance, unsustainable resources, and pollution from end-of-pipe treatment in existing technologies.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a method for preparing environmentally friendly handicrafts using industrial by-product gypsum, characterized by comprising the following process steps: (1) Raw material preparation: The following components are selected by weight percentage: 60%–80% industrial by-product gypsum, 16%–24% white cement, 4%–6% epoxy resin, and 0.1%–0.3% sodium polyacrylate as raw materials. The industrial by-product gypsum among the above materials should be removed of impurities, dried, and pulverized before use. (2) Raw material mixing: The above raw materials are put into the mixing equipment, and water is added at a ratio of 2 to 2.5:1. The mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the craft molding mixture. The stirring speed of the above-mentioned mixing equipment is 25-30 r / s, and the stirring time is 80-150 s. During the stirring process, the mixture is guaranteed to be free of lumps and have a uniform color. (3) Injection molding: Inject the molding mixture obtained in step (2) into the mold, and then place the mold on a vibrating bed for vibration and air removal to ensure that the mixture is evenly filled into all parts of the mold. The mold used for the above injection molding is a silicone mold. The mold is placed on a vibrating bed and vibrated for 1-4 minutes to fully remove internal air bubbles and ensure that the mixture is evenly filled into all parts of the mold, thus avoiding the formation of air holes inside the product that would affect its performance. (4) Solidification and demolding: Place the mold after injection molding in a natural environment of 10-40℃ and let it stand for 10-30 minutes until the mixture is completely solidified. Then demold to obtain the craft blank. (5) Air drying of finished product: The craft blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a natural environment with a temperature of 10-40℃ and a relative humidity of 30%-80%RH for air drying. The air drying time is 72-120 hours. After the blank is completely dried, the environmentally friendly craft is obtained. When the relative humidity of the natural environment is greater than 80%RH, the blank of the handicraft should be stored in a drying room and dried in an environment with a temperature of 35-60℃ and a relative humidity of 30%-60%RH for 24-36 hours. After the blank is completely dried, the environmentally friendly handicraft is obtained.

[0005] The industrial by-product gypsum mentioned in step (1) is one or more of desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, and fluorogypsum, and the industrial by-product gypsum is used after being cleaned, dried and crushed before use.

[0006] The environmentally friendly handicrafts include environmentally friendly flower pots, vases, ornaments, and decorative table lamps.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Turning waste into treasure and increasing the added value of solid waste utilization: Using industrial by-product gypsum as the main raw material, the originally accumulated and polluting industrial solid waste is transformed into a high-value-added environmentally friendly craft base material, realizing the efficient resource utilization of industrial by-product gypsum, greatly improving the utilization rate of solid waste, with industrial by-product gypsum accounting for 60% to 80% of the raw materials, and the comprehensive utilization rate of solid waste reaching over 95%. 2. Green and low-carbon, reducing environmental and carbon emission burden: Significantly reducing the use of high-carbon materials such as white cement, directly reducing carbon emissions in the production process; at the same time, avoiding land occupation, groundwater and soil pollution caused by the landfill of industrial by-product gypsum, reducing the mining of natural gypsum mines, protecting the natural ecosystem, and achieving pollution prevention and resource conservation from the raw material end; 3. Superior performance, solving industry pain points: Through precise raw material ratio, the performance of industrial by-product gypsum, white cement, and epoxy resin is complemented. Sodium polyacrylate is used as a dispersant to increase the fluidity of the raw materials. The resulting product not only solves the problems of poor water resistance and short service life of pure gypsum products, but also overcomes the defects of high carbon emissions of pure cement products. The product has been tested and meets the requirements of anti-overturning, static load resistance, temperature and humidity change resistance, surface scratch resistance and leakage resistance. Moreover, no harmful substances such as lead and cadmium are detected, making it eco-friendly and highly safe to use. 4. Simple process, easy to promote industrialization: This process does not require complicated pretreatment equipment and harsh reaction conditions. The preparation process of raw material mixing, molding, demolding and air drying is simple and easy to implement. The raw materials are widely available and inexpensive, making it suitable for large-scale production. 5. Diverse product categories, broadening product applications and market prospects: The environmentally friendly craft products prepared by this invention are diverse in type. They can be made into various products such as environmentally friendly flower pots, environmentally friendly vases, environmentally friendly ornaments, and environmentally friendly craft lamps according to different molds. The products have strong adaptability and can meet the market demand for different types of environmentally friendly craft products. The products have high added value and have good economic promotion prospects. 6. Circular closed loop for upgraded resource utilization: The environmentally friendly handicrafts produced can be crushed and used as road construction materials after being discarded, giving waste a new life cycle and building a complete resource recycling system of "industrial by-product gypsum - environmentally friendly handicrafts - road construction materials". This reduces construction waste, alleviates the pressure on urban waste disposal, and forms a closed-loop solid waste resource utilization system that combines environmental protection and economic value. Detailed Implementation Example 1

[0008] A method for preparing environmentally friendly flower pots using industrial by-product gypsum includes the following process steps: (1) Raw material preparation: The following ingredients are used as raw materials by weight percentage: 75% industrial by-product desulfurization gypsum, 20% white cement, 4.9% epoxy resin, and 0.1% sodium polyacrylate. The desulfurization gypsum is simply cleaned of impurities, dried, and pulverized for later use. (2) Raw material mixing: Put the above raw materials into an automatic mixer, add water at a ratio of 2:1, mix and stir evenly, the stirring speed is 28 r / s, the stirring time is 120s, and the mixture is kept free of lumps and has a uniform color during the stirring process to obtain the craft molding mixture. (3) Injection molding: Inject the molding mixture obtained in step (2) into the customized silicone flower pot mold, and then place the mold on a vibrating bed for vibration and degassing treatment. The vibration time is 3 minutes to ensure that the mixture fills all parts of the mold evenly and avoids the formation of air holes inside the product that affect its performance. (4) Solidification and demolding: Place the mold after injection molding in a natural environment at 25℃ and let it stand for 20 minutes until the mixture is completely solidified. Then demold to obtain an environmentally friendly flower pot blank. (5) Air-dried finished product: The flowerpot blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a natural environment with a temperature of 25℃ and a relative humidity of 62%RH for air drying. The air drying time is 84 hours. After the blank is completely dried, an environmentally friendly flowerpot is obtained.

[0009] The environmentally friendly flower pots were subjected to performance testing. In the stability test, they did not tip over on a 10° tilt surface. They could withstand 1.5 times the maximum load capacity for 24 hours without structural defects. They could withstand 8 hours at a low temperature of -20°C and 4 hours at a high temperature of 50°C and a relative humidity of 95%RH without delamination damage. The surface has excellent scratch resistance. The leak-proof performance of the model without drainage holes meets the standards. Moreover, the content of lead and cadmium was not detected, which meets the relevant requirements of Section 65 of the California Act. Example 2

[0010] A method for preparing environmentally friendly decorative ornaments using industrial by-product gypsum includes the following process steps: (1) Raw material preparation: The following raw materials are selected by weight percentage: 76% industrial by-product phosphogypsum, 19.4% white cement, 4.4% epoxy resin, and 0.2% sodium polyacrylate. The phosphogypsum is then simply cleaned, dried, and pulverized for later use. (2) Raw material mixing: Put the above raw materials into an automatic mixer, add water at a ratio of 2.1:1, mix and stir evenly at a speed of 25 r / s for 140 s until the mixture is uniform, and obtain the mixture. (3) Injection molding: Inject the molding mixture obtained in step (2) into the customized silicone decorative ornament mold, and then place the mold on a vibration bed for vibration and air removal treatment. The vibration time is 4 minutes to ensure that the mixture fills all parts of the mold evenly and that there are no air holes inside. (4) Solidification and demolding: After injection molding, the mold is placed in a natural environment at 23°C and left to stand for 30 minutes until the mixture is completely solidified. Then, the mold is demolded to obtain the decorative ornament blank. (5) Air-dried finished product: The decorative ornament blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a natural environment with a temperature of 23°C and a relative humidity of 65%RH for air drying. The air drying time is 96 hours. After the blank is completely dried, the environmentally friendly decorative ornament is obtained.

[0011] The resulting decorative ornaments are regular in shape, have excellent mechanical strength, are resistant to temperature and humidity, scratch-resistant, and have no problem with excessive heavy metals. After being discarded, they can be crushed and recycled as road construction materials. Example 3

[0012] A method for preparing environmentally friendly vases using industrial by-product gypsum includes the following process steps: (1) Raw material preparation: The following raw materials are selected by weight percentage: 74% industrial by-product gypsum (a mixture of desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum), 20.4% white cement, 5.4% epoxy resin, and 0.2% sodium polyacrylate. The mixed gypsum is then simply cleaned, dried, and pulverized for later use. (2) Raw material mixing: Put the above raw materials into an automatic mixer, add water at a ratio of 2:1, mix and stir evenly at a speed of 30 r / s for 80 s until the mixture is uniform, and obtain the mixture. (3) Injection molding: Inject the molding mixture obtained in step (2) into the customized silicone vase mold, and then place the mold on a vibrating bed for vibration and degassing treatment. The vibration time is 2 minutes to ensure that the mixture fills all parts of the mold evenly and that there are no air holes inside, so as to avoid the formation of air holes inside the product that affect its performance. (4) Solidification and demolding: After injection molding, the mold is placed in a natural environment at 30°C and left to stand for 16 minutes until the mixture is completely solidified. Then, the mold is demolded to obtain an environmentally friendly vase blank. (5) Air-dried finished product: The vase blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a natural environment with a temperature of 30℃ and a relative humidity of 60%RH for air drying. The air drying time is 72 hours. After the blank is completely dried, an environmentally friendly vase is obtained.

[0013] The resulting environmentally friendly vases possess excellent structural stability and environmental adaptability, are free of heavy metal pollution, and can be broken down and used as road construction materials after disposal, thus achieving resource recycling.

Claims

1. A method for preparing environmentally friendly handicrafts using industrial by-product gypsum, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: (1) Raw material preparation: The following components are selected by weight percentage: 60%–80% industrial by-product gypsum, 16%–24% white cement, 4%–6% epoxy resin, and 0.1%–0.3% sodium polyacrylate as raw materials. The industrial by-product gypsum among the above materials should be removed of impurities, dried, and pulverized before use. (2) Raw material mixing: The above raw materials are put into the mixing equipment, and water is added at a ratio of 2 to 2.5:

1. The mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the craft molding mixture. The stirring speed of the above-mentioned mixing equipment is 25-30 r / s, and the stirring time is 80-150 s. During the stirring process, the mixture is guaranteed to be free of lumps and have a uniform color. (3) Injection molding: Inject the molding mixture obtained in step (2) into the mold, and then place the mold on a vibrating bed for vibration and air removal to ensure that the mixture is evenly filled into all parts of the mold. The mold used for the above injection molding is a silicone mold. The mold is placed on a vibrating bed and vibrated for 1-4 minutes to fully remove internal air bubbles and ensure that the mixture is evenly filled into all parts of the mold, thus avoiding the formation of air holes inside the product that would affect its performance. (4) Solidification and demolding: Place the mold after injection molding in a natural environment of 10-40℃ and let it stand for 10-30 minutes until the mixture is completely solidified. Then demold to obtain the craft blank. (5) Air drying of finished product: The craft blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a natural environment with a temperature of 10-40℃ and a relative humidity of 30%-80%RH for air drying. The air drying time is 72-120 hours. After the blank is completely dried, the environmentally friendly craft is obtained. When the relative humidity of the natural environment is greater than 80%RH, the blank of the handicraft should be stored in a drying room and dried in an environment with a temperature of 35-60℃ and a relative humidity of 30%-60%RH for 24-36 hours. After the blank is completely dried, the environmentally friendly handicraft is obtained.

2. The method for preparing environmentally friendly handicrafts using industrial by-product gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The industrial by-product gypsum mentioned in step (1) is one or more of desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, and fluorogypsum, and the industrial by-product gypsum is used after being cleaned, dried and crushed before use.

3. The method for preparing environmentally friendly handicrafts using industrial by-product gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmentally friendly handicrafts include environmentally friendly flower pots, vases, ornaments, and decorative table lamps.