Active silicon calcium potassium magnesium fertilizer and preparation and application thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of fertilizer preparation, and particularly relates to an active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, and preparation and application thereof. The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer contains biomass ash 60%, mineral humic acid 30% and binder 10% by weight. The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is used as base fertilizer or topdressing. When used as base fertilizer, the application amount is 200 kg, and when used as topdressing, the application amount is 50 kg. The present application uses biomass ash of a biomass thermal power plant as the main raw material, adds appropriate amount of mineral humic acid, uses clay as binder, and uses granulation process to prepare granules, and then uses film spraying technology to inoculate functional bacterial agent. On the one hand, the present application solves the resource recycling of a large amount of biomass ash of a biomass power plant, and on the other hand, the present application improves the activity of silicon, calcium, potassium and magnesium in the product, and meets the needs of crops for silicon, calcium, potassium and magnesium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fertilizer preparation, specifically relating to an active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and its preparation and application. Background Technology

[0002] Firstly, silicon fertilizer, as a novel multifunctional fertilizer, has numerous advantages. It can not only increase the nutrient content of crops and promote their growth and development, but also act as a soil conditioner, improving soil structure and enhancing soil fertility and water and fertilizer retention capacity. Furthermore, silicon fertilizer also has disease-preventing, insect-controlling, and toxicity-reducing effects, helping to reduce pesticide use and protect the ecological environment. Therefore, silicon fertilizer has broad application prospects in the development of green and ecological agriculture.

[0003] However, the main raw material for producing silicon fertilizer is currently silica ore, which requires high-temperature calcination to increase its effective silicon content. This not only increases production costs but also consumes a large amount of energy. Furthermore, the high-temperature calcination process generates harmful gases and waste residue, causing some environmental pollution.

[0004] On the other hand, biomass power plants generate a large amount of biomass ash every year, which contains high levels of nutrients needed by crops, such as silicon, calcium, potassium, and magnesium. However, due to environmental restrictions on emissions, this biomass ash cannot be effectively treated, which has already hampered the normal production of these enterprises.

[0005] Therefore, using biomass ash as a raw material for fertilizer preparation is of great significance. This not only solves the problem of biomass ash emissions and reduces the environmental burden on enterprises, but also allows for the resource utilization of nutrients in biomass ash to produce high-efficiency and high-quality silicon fertilizer. Furthermore, because biomass ash has a high silicon content and can be used directly in fertilizer preparation without high-temperature calcination, it can significantly reduce production costs and energy consumption.

[0006] In conclusion, biomass ash has broad application prospects in silicon fertilizer preparation. However, there is currently no research on the use of biomass ash as a silicon fertilizer. Therefore, designing biomass ash as a raw material for fertilizer preparation is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide an active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, its preparation, and its application. Through rational process design and optimization, the present invention fully extracts nutrients from biomass ash, producing a highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical silicon fertilizer product, providing strong support for the development of green ecological agriculture.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] An active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, wherein the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer contains, by weight, 60% biomass ash, 30% mineral humic acid, and 10% binder.

[0010] The biomass ash contains 0.08% total nitrogen, 0.46% available phosphorus pentoxide, 8.2% potassium oxide, 26.12% silicon dioxide, 8.21% calcium oxide, 10.96% magnesium oxide, 0.24% total sulfur, and 10.71% ash; the pH value of the biomass ash is 12.51.

[0011] The adhesive is clay or bentonite.

[0012] The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer product indicators are as follows: silicon dioxide (SiO2) ≥16%, calcium oxide (CaO) ≥5%, magnesium oxide (MgO) ≥6%, potassium oxide (K2O) ≥5%, organic matter ≥20%, humic acid ≥12%, and effective live bacteria ≥0.2 billion / g.

[0013] A method for preparing the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer involves mixing biomass ash, mineral humic acid, and binder, followed by disc granulation, and then spraying a bacterial agent onto the surface of the granules to obtain the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer.

[0014] Furthermore, biomass ash, mineral humic acid, and binder are mixed and then granulated in a disc to a particle size of 2mm-4mm. After drying, cooling, and sieving, a microbial agent is sprayed onto the surface of the granules using a rotary drum coating machine to obtain active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer.

[0015] The microbial agent contains ≥1.5 billion Bacillus subtilis / g, ≥1.5 billion Bacillus licheniformis / g, ≥500 million Bacillus jellyii / g, ≥1 billion Bacillus amyloliquefaciens / g, and ≥500 million Streptomycin / g.

[0016] Drying temperature: Inlet temperature 110℃-130℃, outlet temperature 70℃-80℃.

[0017] Apply 2-3 kg of microbial agent per 1000 kg of active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer.

[0018] An application of the aforementioned active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, wherein the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer or as a top dressing; when the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, the application rate is 200 kg, and when the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is used as a top dressing, the application rate is 50 kg.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. This invention uses biomass ash from biomass power plants as the main raw material, adds an appropriate amount of mineral humic acid, uses clay as a binder, and uses a granulation process to make granules. Then, functional microbial agents are inoculated using a spray film technology. On the one hand, this solves the problem of resource reuse of a large amount of biomass ash from biomass power plants, and on the other hand, it improves the activity of silicon, calcium, potassium, and magnesium in the product, thus meeting the needs of crops for nutrients such as silicon, calcium, potassium, and magnesium.

[0021] 2. The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer of the present invention can improve crop photosynthesis, significantly increase yield, and improve the quality of agricultural products.

[0022] 3. The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer of the present invention is conducive to the accumulation of organic matter in crops, making crop cells denser, increasing sugar content, and enhancing cold resistance, lodging resistance, and drought resistance. At the same time, after the crop absorbs silicon, it forms silicon cells, which thickens the crop surface and increases the cuticle, thereby enhancing its resistance to diseases and pests.

[0023] 4. The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer of the present invention can activate the fixed phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients in the soil, promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by the roots of crops, thereby promoting the fruit setting rate and increasing the sugar content of melons and fruits, the fat content of peanuts and the starch content of grains.

[0024] 5. The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer of the present invention has the effect of improving soil and adjusting soil pH value, and can reduce heavy metal pollution to crops. It is a high-quality fertilizer for producing green and organic agricultural products. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further explained below through specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer contains 60% biomass ash, 30 wt% mineral humic acid, and 10% binder.

[0028] Among them, biomass ash is the bottom ash after biomass power generation in thermal power plants. The biomass ash contains 0.08% total nitrogen, 0.46% available phosphorus pentoxide, 8.2% potassium oxide, 26.12% silicon dioxide, 8.21% calcium oxide, 10.96% magnesium oxide, 0.24% total sulfur, and 10.71% ash. The pH value of the biomass ash is 12.51.

[0029] The preparation method is as follows: biomass ash, mineral humic acid, and bentonite are mixed and then granulated in a disc, with the particle size controlled at 2mm-4mm. Then, the mixture is dried at an inlet temperature of 110℃ and an outlet temperature of 70℃. The dried granules are cooled and sieved. Finally, a rotary drum coating machine is used to spray a microbial agent onto the surface of the granules. 2KG of microbial agent is sprayed on every 1000KG of active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer to obtain the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer.

[0030] The microbial agent was purchased from Qinhuangdao Kuneng Biotechnology. The microbial agent contains ≥1.5 billion Bacillus subtilis / g, ≥1.5 billion Bacillus licheniformis / g, ≥500 million Bacillus colloidis / g, ≥1 billion Bacillus amyloliquefaciens / g, and ≥500 million Streptomycin / g.

[0031] The tested active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer product indicators are as follows: silicon dioxide (SiO2) 16.2%, calcium oxide (CaO) 5.1%, magnesium oxide (MgO) 6.3%, potassium oxide (K2O) 5.4%, organic matter 22%, humic acid 12.3%, and effective live bacteria 0.2 billion / g.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer contains 60% biomass ash, 30 wt% mineral humic acid, and 10% binder.

[0034] Among them, biomass ash is the bottom ash after biomass power generation in thermal power plants. The biomass ash contains 0.08% total nitrogen, 0.46% available phosphorus pentoxide, 8.2% potassium oxide, 26.12% silicon dioxide, 8.21% calcium oxide, 10.96% magnesium oxide, 0.24% total sulfur, and 10.71% ash. The pH value of the biomass ash is 12.51.

[0035] The preparation method is as follows: biomass ash, mineral humic acid and clay are mixed and then granulated in a disc, with the particle size controlled at 2mm-4mm. Then, the mixture is dried at an inlet temperature of 120℃ and an outlet temperature of 75℃. The dried particles are cooled and sieved. Finally, a rotary drum coating machine is used to spray a microbial agent onto the surface of the particles. 2.5KG of microbial agent is sprayed per 1000KG of active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer to obtain the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer.

[0036] The microbial agent was purchased from Qinhuangdao Kuneng Biotechnology. The microbial agent contains ≥1.5 billion Bacillus subtilis / g, ≥1.5 billion Bacillus licheniformis / g, ≥500 million Bacillus colloidis / g, ≥1 billion Bacillus amyloliquefaciens / g, and ≥500 million Streptomycin / g.

[0037] The tested active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer product indicators are as follows: silicon dioxide (SiO2) 16%, calcium oxide (CaO) 5.2%, magnesium oxide (MgO) 6.4%, potassium oxide (K2O) 5.2%, organic matter 21%, humic acid 12.4%, and effective live bacteria 0.22 billion / g.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer contains 60% biomass ash, 30 wt% mineral humic acid, and 10% binder.

[0040] Among them, biomass ash is the bottom ash after biomass power generation in thermal power plants. The biomass ash contains 0.08% total nitrogen, 0.46% available phosphorus pentoxide, 8.2% potassium oxide, 26.12% silicon dioxide, 8.21% calcium oxide, 10.96% magnesium oxide, 0.24% total sulfur, and 10.71% ash. The pH value of the biomass ash is 12.51.

[0041] The preparation method is as follows: biomass ash, mineral humic acid and clay are mixed and then granulated in a disc, with the particle size controlled at 2mm-4mm. Then, the mixture is dried at an inlet temperature of 130℃ and an outlet temperature of 80℃. The dried particles are cooled and sieved. Finally, a rotary drum coating machine is used to spray microbial agent onto the surface of the particles. 3KG of microbial agent is sprayed for every 1000KG of active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer to obtain the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer.

[0042] The microbial agent was purchased from Qinhuangdao Kuneng Biotechnology. The microbial agent contains ≥1.5 billion Bacillus subtilis / g, ≥1.5 billion Bacillus licheniformis / g, ≥500 million Bacillus colloidis / g, ≥1 billion Bacillus amyloliquefaciens / g, and ≥500 million Streptomycin / g.

[0043] The tested active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer product indicators are as follows: silicon dioxide (SiO2) 16.1%, calcium oxide (CaO) 5.0%, magnesium oxide (MgO) 6.2%, potassium oxide (K2O) 5.2%, organic matter 22%, humic acid 12.3%, and effective live bacteria 0.3 billion / g.

[0044] Application examples

[0045] The field effects of the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer in Example 1 were verified. The test crop was rice, and a large-area control was adopted. The silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer was applied as topdressing and fertilizer for the greening process, with an application rate of 25 kg per mu. The control group was set as a conventional field without silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer.

[0046] 1. Fertilization plan

[0047] Base fertilizer: 65 catties / mu of blended fertilizer (N:P:K ratio of 27:14:14);

[0048] Fertilizer for greening: 20 catties / mu of ammonium sulfate + 3 catties / mu of zinc sulfate;

[0049] Example 1: Silicon-Calcium-Potassium-Magnesium Fertilizer: 50 kg / mu of calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer;

[0050] Tillering fertilizer: 10 catties / mu of urea + 22 catties / mu of ammonium sulfate + 5 catties / mu of potassium sulfate

[0051] Top dressing: 15 catties / mu of ammonium sulfate + 8 catties / mu of potassium sulfate.

[0052] 2. Main cultivation and management

[0053] Sow on April 7th, transplant on May 15th, and apply silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer on May 22nd as part of the greening process. Planting density is 30cm x 18cm, 18 holes / m², with 3-5 plants per hole. Irrigate with shallow, wet irrigation throughout the growing season, and strictly control pests and diseases. Oh dear, the harvest was on October 5th.

[0054] 3. Survey and Harvest Measurement:

[0055] Ten plots of land were selected for field surveys in each district. Before harvest, the samples were collected from the survey points for indoor seed testing. Yield was measured on September 29. Five points were taken from the diagonal, covering an area of ​​5 square meters. The grains were threshed and weighed.

[0056] 4. Results and Analysis:

[0057] 4.1 The impact on the growth process of rice is shown in Table 1.

[0058] Table 1

[0059]

[0060] As shown in Table 1, after applying the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer of Example 1 of this invention, the rice's greening-up stage, tillering stage, jointing stage, heading stage, and maturity stage were all advanced to a certain extent.

[0061] 4.2 The results of the comprehensive yield trait survey are shown in Table 2.

[0062] Table 2

[0063]

[0064] As shown in Table 2, compared with the control fertilization, the application of the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer of the present invention is superior to the control in terms of plant height, ear length, thousand-grain weight, and seed setting rate.

[0065] In summary, the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer of this invention promotes and enhances both vegetative and reproductive growth of rice, strengthens its resistance to lodging and adverse conditions, and slightly improves yield compared to the control fertilizer. Furthermore, the specific amount of biomass ash added in this invention ensures the activity of the fertilizer. If the biomass ash content is too high (70%), the fertilizer will be too alkaline and unsuitable for crop growth; if the content is too low (50%), the fertilizer will contain insufficient silicon, calcium, potassium, and magnesium, reducing its effectiveness. This invention, by mixing biomass ash with mineral humic acid, binders, and other raw materials, prepares an active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer that more effectively provides plants with the necessary nutrients such as silicon, calcium, potassium, and magnesium, promoting crop growth, increasing crop yield and quality, and improving fertilizer utilization. This active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer can be used as a base fertilizer or as a top dressing, adapting to different fertilization needs and crop growth stages. Meanwhile, this invention uses biomass ash as a raw material, which solves the problem of biomass ash treatment, reduces fertilizer production costs, realizes resource recycling, and has both environmental and economic benefits.

Claims

1. An active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, characterized in that: The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer contains, by weight, 60% biomass ash, 30% mineral humic acid, and 10% binder.

2. The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass ash contains 0.08% total nitrogen, 0.46% available phosphorus pentoxide, 8.2% potassium oxide, 26.12% silicon dioxide, 8.21% calcium oxide, 10.96% magnesium oxide, 0.24% total sulfur, and 10.71% ash; the pH value of the biomass ash is 12.

51.

3. The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive is clay or bentonite.

4. The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer product indicators are as follows: silicon dioxide (SiO2) ≥16%, calcium oxide (CaO) ≥5%, magnesium oxide (MgO) ≥6%, potassium oxide (K2O) ≥5%, organic matter ≥20%, humic acid ≥12%, and effective live bacteria ≥0.2 billion / g.

5. A method for preparing the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Biomass ash, mineral humic acid, and binder are mixed and then granulated in a disc. Finally, a bacterial agent is sprayed onto the surface of the granules to obtain an active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer.

6. The method for preparing the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: Biomass ash, mineral humic acid, and binder are mixed and then granulated in a disc to a particle size of 2mm-4mm. The mixture is then dried, cooled, and sieved. Finally, a microbial agent is sprayed onto the surface of the granules using a rotary drum coating machine to obtain an active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer.

7. The method for preparing the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The microbial agent contains ≥1.5 billion Bacillus subtilis / g, ≥1.5 billion Bacillus licheniformis / g, ≥500 million Bacillus jellyii / g, ≥1 billion Bacillus amyloliquefaciens / g, and ≥500 million Streptomycin / g.

8. The method for preparing the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: Drying temperature: Inlet temperature 110℃-130℃, outlet temperature 70℃-80℃.

9. The method for preparing the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: Apply 2-3 kg of microbial agent per 1000 kg of active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer.

10. The application of the active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer or top dressing; when used as a base fertilizer, the application rate is 200 kg, and when used as a top dressing, the application rate is 50 kg.

Images