Controlled release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycoside and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycoside and a preparation process thereof. The present application synchronously releases the complex enzyme glycoside and the nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the fertilizer core by adding the complex enzyme glycoside into the fertilizer core, thereby further improving the absorption efficiency of the fertilizer, synergistically promoting the growth and development of the root system, and simultaneously enhancing the photosynthesis rate of the plant and improving the fertilizer utilization rate. The present application adds the complex enzyme glycoside into the fertilizer core by spraying the complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of the fertilizer particles for absorption, and the process is simple and mild, can be adapted to the production process of various fertilizer particles, is also beneficial to improving the roundness of the fertilizer core, facilitating the coating and improving the uniformity of the coating, and improving the stability of the controlled release.

Description

Technical Field

[0002] This invention belongs to the field of fertilizer technology, specifically relating to a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides and its preparation process. Technical Background

[0003] With the development of agricultural modernization and green agriculture, controlled-release fertilizers have become the core development direction of the fertilizer industry because they can improve nutrient utilization and reduce environmental pollution. As a result, there is a higher and more diversified market demand. Controlled-release fertilizers are not only widely used in agricultural production, but are also beginning to receive more attention in the field of horticulture.

[0004] In recent years, biostimulants have gained increasing attention in the agricultural input market. Biostimulants are mixtures containing biological substances and microorganisms. They are not nutrients, but rather stimulate natural plant processes, primarily by regulating plant physiological metabolism, enhancing stress resistance, and improving the rhizosphere environment. This improves or promotes nutrient absorption, nutrient efficiency, abiotic stress resistance, and crop quality. Currently, most biostimulants on the market are applied in solution form or in combination with water-soluble fertilizers.

[0005] As a microbial metabolite, complex enzyme glycosides activate the synthesis of endogenous hormones in plants through enzymatic reactions, exhibiting excellent root-promoting, stress-resistance, and yield-increasing effects. Although complex enzyme glycosides have been proven to have outstanding fertilizer-enhancing potential, and the coating-controlled release technology is becoming increasingly mature in nutrient regulation, existing technologies have not yet solved the integration problem of complex enzyme glycosides and coating-controlled release systems, failing to form an integrated product with both precise controlled release and bio-enhancing functions, making it difficult to meet the diversified demands of modern agriculture for high yield, high quality, and green practices. For example, patent CN121377867A discloses an organic water-soluble fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, in which trace amounts of complex enzyme glycosides are added as stress-resistance enhancers to organic mother liquor from kitchen waste, and liquid fertilizer is formed by adding dispersants and polyethylene glycol. However, this fertilizer is limited in practical use by storage, cost, and fertilization methods, preventing large-scale industrial application and failing to achieve long-term controlled release and improved fertilizer utilization.

[0006] Therefore, developing a novel fertilizer that organically combines complex enzyme glycosides with coated controlled-release technology has become a technological bottleneck that the industry urgently needs to overcome. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides that can precisely control the release of nutrients and improve nutrient utilization.

[0009] On the other hand, the present invention also aims to provide a simple and highly stable preparation process for the above-mentioned controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides comprises a fertilizer core and a coating; the fertilizer core contains complex enzyme glycosides.

[0012] Preferably, the raw materials for the fertilizer core include:

[0013] Complex enzyme glycosides 0.01~0.15wt%

[0014] Fertilizer granules: 99.85~99.99 wt%.

[0015] Preferably, the fertilizer granules are selected from one or more of the following: large-particle urea, monoammonium phosphate granules, diammonium phosphate granules, potassium chloride granules, potassium sulfate granules, and compound fertilizer granules.

[0016] Preferably, the coating is a polyurethane coating; more preferably, the amount of polyurethane coating used is 1.5~5 wt% of the fertilizer core.

[0017] The present invention also provides a preparation process for the above-mentioned controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1: Weigh out the complex enzyme glycoside powder and dissolve it in water to obtain a complex enzyme glycoside solution;

[0019] S2: Spray the complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of fertilizer granules in a certain proportion until the complex enzyme glycoside solution is completely absorbed by the fertilizer granules, and then dry to obtain fertilizer core.

[0020] S3: Coating the fertilizer core yields a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides.

[0021] Preferably, the concentration of the complex enzyme glycoside solution is 10~50 g / L;

[0022] More preferably, the concentration of the complex enzyme glycoside solution is 30~50g / L.

[0023] Preferably, in step S2, the fertilizer granules are placed in a drum, the drum is turned on, and then a complex enzyme glycoside solution is sprayed to evenly coat the surface of the fertilizer granules and allow them to be absorbed. More preferably, the drum inclination angle is 2~10°, and the drum rotation speed is 10~25 r / min.

[0024] Preferably, in step S2, the complex enzyme glycoside solution is sprayed onto the surface of the fertilizer granules in several applications, with the ratio of spray volume to fertilizer granules being 8-30 L: 1 t.

[0025] Preferably, in step S2, the complex enzyme glycoside solution is sprayed in 1 to 15 applications; more preferably, it is sprayed in 1 to 5 applications.

[0026] By spraying a complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of fertilizer granules in a drum, the complex enzyme glycosides can be absorbed more evenly by the fertilizer granules. This process can be directly combined with the granulation process and can directly replace the polishing step in the conventional granulation process. At the same time, it improves the smoothness and roundness of the fertilizer core, making it easier for subsequent coating.

[0027] Preferably, the drying temperature is 40~70℃ and the drying time is 5~30 minutes.

[0028] To prevent the decomposition of complex enzyme glycosides or their reaction with other components at excessively high temperatures, the drying temperature in the process of this invention should not be too high. This invention creatively adopts the form of solution adsorption to add complex enzyme glycosides. By using a higher concentration of solution to reduce the amount of water used, and combining it with drum drying to shorten the drying time, this invention can effectively shorten production time and save costs while improving product quality and stability, making it suitable for industrialization.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. This invention is the first to integrate complex enzyme glycosides with a membrane-coated controlled-release system, resulting in a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides that can achieve precise controlled release. This allows the complex enzyme glycosides and nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the fertilizer core to be released simultaneously, further improving the fertilizer's absorption and utilization rate and reducing nutrient loss.

[0031] 2. The controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides prepared by this invention is in granule form, which can effectively replace the solution form of complex enzyme glycosides currently used on the market. It has a wider range of applications and higher utilization efficiency. It is not only suitable for home gardening, but also has the potential for large-scale use in agriculture.

[0032] 3. This invention prepares controlled-release fertilizer cores containing complex enzyme glycosides by spraying a complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of fertilizer granules for absorption and polishing. This process enables the complex enzyme glycosides to be evenly distributed on the fertilizer core. The process is simple, the conditions are mild, the production cost is low, and it can be adapted to the production processes of various fertilizer granules. It also helps to improve the roundness of the fertilizer core, facilitates coating, improves the uniformity of the coating, and enhances the stability of controlled release. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The polyurethane coating material and coating method used in the embodiments of the present invention are implemented with reference to Embodiment 1 of patent CN121085707A. Other commercially available products or other polyurethanes described in the prior applications of the inventors may also be used as substitutes.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] This embodiment provides a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, which consists of a fertilizer core and a coating.

[0038] The raw materials for the fertilizer core include:

[0039] Complex enzyme glycosides 0.06wt%

[0040] Large-particle urea 99.94 wt%;

[0041] The coating is a polyurethane coating, and the amount of polyurethane coating used is 3 wt% of the fertilizer core.

[0042] This embodiment also provides a preparation process for the above-mentioned controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, including the following steps:

[0043] S1: Weigh the complex enzyme glycoside powder and dissolve it in water to obtain a 30 g / L complex enzyme glycoside solution;

[0044] S2: Spray the complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of large urea particles in the drum at a ratio of 10L:1t. The drum has an inclination angle of 10° and a rotation speed of 20r / min. Continue spraying the complex enzyme glycoside solution once until it is completely absorbed by the fertilizer particles. After complete absorption, dry the solution to obtain the fertilizer core. The drying temperature is 40℃ and the drying time is 15 minutes.

[0045] S3: Coating the fertilizer core yields a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This embodiment provides a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, which consists of a fertilizer core and a coating.

[0048] The raw materials for the fertilizer core include:

[0049] Complex enzyme glycosides 0.12wt%

[0050] Large-particle urea 99.88 wt%;

[0051] The coating is a polyurethane coating, and the amount of polyurethane coating used is 3 wt% of the fertilizer core.

[0052] This embodiment also provides a preparation process for the above-mentioned controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, including the following steps:

[0053] S1: Weigh the complex enzyme glycoside powder and dissolve it in water to obtain a 40 g / L complex enzyme glycoside solution;

[0054] S2: Spray the complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of large urea particles in the drum at a ratio of 15L:1t. The drum has an inclination angle of 10° and a rotation speed of 20r / min. Continue spraying the complex enzyme glycoside solution once until it is completely absorbed by the fertilizer particles. After complete absorption, dry the solution to obtain the fertilizer core. The drying temperature is 40℃ and the drying time is 15 minutes.

[0055] S3: Coating the fertilizer core yields a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] This embodiment provides a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, which consists of a fertilizer core and a coating.

[0058] The raw materials for the fertilizer core include:

[0059] Complex enzyme glycosides 0.09wt%

[0060] Large-particle urea 99.91 wt%;

[0061] The coating is a polyurethane coating, and the amount of polyurethane coating used is 3 wt% of the fertilizer core.

[0062] This embodiment also provides a preparation process for the above-mentioned controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, including the following steps:

[0063] S1: Weigh the complex enzyme glycoside powder and dissolve it in water to obtain a 20 g / L complex enzyme glycoside solution;

[0064] S2: Spray the complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of large urea particles in the drum at a ratio of 15L:1t. The drum has an inclination angle of 10° and a rotation speed of 20r / min. Continue spraying the complex enzyme glycoside solution twice until it is completely absorbed by the fertilizer particles. After complete absorption, dry the solution to obtain the fertilizer core. The drying temperature is 40℃ and the drying time is 20 minutes.

[0065] S3: Coating the fertilizer core yields a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] This embodiment provides a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, which consists of a fertilizer core and a coating.

[0068] The raw materials for the fertilizer core include:

[0069] Complex enzyme glycosides 0.15wt%

[0070] Large-particle urea 99.85 wt%;

[0071] The coating is a polyurethane coating, and the amount of polyurethane coating used is 3 wt% of the fertilizer core.

[0072] This embodiment also provides a preparation process for the above-mentioned controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, including the following steps:

[0073] S1: Weigh the complex enzyme glycoside powder and dissolve it in water to obtain a 50 g / L complex enzyme glycoside solution;

[0074] S2: Spray the complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of large urea particles in the drum at a ratio of 10L:1t. The drum has an inclination angle of 10° and a rotation speed of 20r / min. Continue spraying the complex enzyme glycoside solution twice until it is completely absorbed by the fertilizer particles. After complete absorption, dry the solution to obtain the fertilizer core. The drying temperature is 40℃ and the drying time is 20 minutes.

[0075] S3: Coating the fertilizer core yields a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] This embodiment provides a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, which consists of a fertilizer core and a coating.

[0078] The raw materials for the fertilizer core include:

[0079] Complex enzyme glycosides 0.1 wt%

[0080] Compound fertilizer granules 99.9 wt%;

[0081] The NPK ratio in the compound fertilizer granules is 20-5-5; the coating is a polyurethane coating, and the amount of polyurethane coating is 3 wt% of the fertilizer core.

[0082] This embodiment also provides a preparation process for the above-mentioned controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, including the following steps:

[0083] S1: Weigh the complex enzyme glycoside powder and dissolve it in water to obtain a 50 g / L complex enzyme glycoside solution;

[0084] S2: Spray the complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of the compound fertilizer granules in the drum at a ratio of 10L:1t. The drum is tilted at 10° and rotates at 20r / min. Spray the complex enzyme glycoside solution until it is completely absorbed by the compound fertilizer granules. Repeat the spraying of the complex enzyme glycoside solution once. After complete absorption, dry the fertilizer core to obtain the fertilizer core. The drying temperature is 40℃ and the drying time is 15 minutes.

[0085] S3: Coating the fertilizer core yields a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides.

[0086] Example 6

[0087] This embodiment provides a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, which consists of a fertilizer core and a coating.

[0088] The raw materials for the fertilizer core include:

[0089] Complex enzyme glycosides 0.06wt%

[0090] Diammonium phosphate granules 99.94 wt%;

[0091] The coating is a polyurethane coating, and the amount of polyurethane coating used is 3 wt% of the fertilizer core.

[0092] This embodiment also provides a preparation process for the above-mentioned controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, including the following steps:

[0093] S1: Weigh the complex enzyme glycoside powder and dissolve it in water to obtain a 30 g / L complex enzyme glycoside solution;

[0094] S2: Spray the complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of diammonium phosphate granules in the drum at a ratio of 10L:1t. The drum has an inclination angle of 10° and a rotation speed of 20r / min. Continue spraying the complex enzyme glycoside solution once until it is completely absorbed by the fertilizer granules. After complete absorption, dry the solution to obtain the fertilizer core. The drying temperature is 40℃ and the drying time is 15 minutes.

[0095] S3: Coating the fertilizer core yields a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides.

[0096] Example 7

[0097] This embodiment provides a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, which consists of a fertilizer core and a coating.

[0098] The raw materials for the fertilizer core include:

[0099] Complex enzyme glycosides 0.064 wt%

[0100] Potassium chloride granules 99.936 wt%;

[0101] The coating is a polyurethane coating, and the amount of polyurethane coating used is 3 wt% of the fertilizer core.

[0102] This embodiment also provides a preparation process for the above-mentioned controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, including the following steps:

[0103] S1: Weigh the complex enzyme glycoside powder and dissolve it in water to obtain a 40 g / L complex enzyme glycoside solution;

[0104] S2: Spray the complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of potassium chloride granules in the drum at a ratio of 8L:1t. The drum has an inclination angle of 10° and a rotation speed of 20r / min. Continue spraying the complex enzyme glycoside solution until it is completely absorbed by the fertilizer granules. Repeat the spraying once. After complete absorption, dry the fertilizer core to obtain the fertilizer core. The drying temperature is 40℃ and the drying time is 10 minutes.

[0105] S3: Coating the fertilizer core yields a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides.

[0106] Performance testing

[0107] 1. Particle strength: The strength of qualified particles prepared in Examples 1 to 7 was tested using a particle strength tester. Ten particles were randomly selected from the products of each example for testing, and the average value of the test results was taken. The results are recorded in Table 1.

[0108] Table 1

[0109] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Fertilizer Particle Strength / N 48 48 48 48 49 45 42 Fertilizer core particle strength / N 49 45 47 48 47 41 43

[0110] The results above show that the process of this invention, which involves adding complex enzyme glycosides to the fertilizer core to prepare controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, is simple and does not affect the particle strength of the fertilizer core, all of which can reach the standard of ≥40N, thus ensuring the stability and quality of subsequent coating.

[0111] 2. Pot experiment:

[0112] Experimental crop: chili pepper;

[0113] Variety: Bright Red;

[0114] The cultivation substrate was a mixed soil (nutrient soil: coconut coir: perlite = 3:1:1), and the total nitrogen content of the loam was 14.1 g / kg.

[0115] Specific experimental method: After seedlings were raised in seedling trays, pepper seedlings with consistent germination time and growth were selected and transplanted into seedling pots. The experiment consisted of one treatment group, one control group, and one blank control group, with three parallel trials in each treatment group. At transplanting, the treatment group received 5g of the controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides (Example 5) as base fertilizer, thoroughly watered, and then placed in a light-cured culture room for cultivation. The control group received 5g of a controlled-release compound fertilizer (20-5-5) with a 3% coating rate as base fertilizer (the core of this controlled-release compound fertilizer is the same as the compound fertilizer granules used in Example 5, and the coating material is the same as in Example 5) at transplanting, and then 50mL of a 0.1g / L aqueous solution of the complex enzyme glycosides was used for root irrigation. After thorough watering, the control group was placed in a light-cured culture room for cultivation. The blank control group received 5g of the controlled-release compound fertilizer (20-5-5) with a 3% coating rate as base fertilizer at transplanting (the core of this controlled-release compound fertilizer is the same as the compound fertilizer granules used in Example 5, and the coating material is the same as in Example 5), and then 50mL of water was used for root irrigation. After thorough watering, the control group was placed in a light-cured culture room for cultivation. During the flowering period, each pot was top-treated with 0.4g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.6g of potassium sulfate.

[0116] The light culture program is as follows: 14 hours of daylight and 10 hours of darkness.

[0117] Measurement items: (1) Leaf area: 30 days after transplanting, select the fifth leaf from the bottom and measure the widest part and length of the leaf; (2) Chlorophyll content: 30 days after transplanting, select the fifth leaf from the bottom to measure the chlorophyll content. Measure 3 times at a fixed position using a handheld chlorophyll meter and take the average value; (3) Pepper yield: Harvest 125 days after transplanting, measure the total weight of pepper fruits per plant, and take the average value of parallel experiments in the same group as the yield; (4) Single fruit weight: The average weight of a single pepper fruit; (5) Fresh weight of roots: After harvesting, dig out the pepper plants, cut off the roots, rinse them with water, dry the surface moisture, and weigh them. The measurement results are shown in Table 2.

[0118] Table 2

[0119] Leaf area (leaf length × leaf width) (cm) Chlorophyll content (SPAD) Yield / g Single fruit weight / g Fresh weight of roots / g Processing group 14.2×6.5 36.5 133.2 3.7 62.7 control group 13.4×6.7 35.5 93.0 3.0 54.6 Blank control group 10.3×5.6 34 72.8 2.8 41.3

[0120] Experimental results showed that chili peppers treated with the controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides of this invention exhibited approximately 2.8% increased leaf area and 2.82% higher chlorophyll content compared to applying the same amount of complex enzyme glycosides alone in solution form. This demonstrates that adding complex enzyme glycosides to the fertilizer core of the controlled-release fertilizer is more beneficial for promoting plant growth and photosynthesis. This advantage was even more pronounced in fruit yield; chili peppers treated with the controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides of this invention showed a 43.2% increase in yield per plant per harvest and a 23.3% increase in single fruit weight compared to applying the same amount of complex enzyme glycosides alone in solution form. This demonstrates that the technical solution of this invention achieves synchronized release of complex enzyme glycosides in conjunction with the plant's growth cycle and nutrients, significantly improving nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency, thereby increasing yield and fruit quality. In contrast, complex enzyme glycosides applied in solution form are easily washed away by water and have a shorter duration of action in the roots. Therefore, although they can effectively promote leaf growth in the early stages, they cannot have a long-lasting effect on the plant's growth cycle, and their effect is essentially unsustainable during the flowering and fruiting stages. In actual production, multiple applications are needed to achieve the desired yield increase, resulting in higher material and labor costs. Post-harvest root system comparison shows that the roots of the plants treated with this invention are significantly more developed, indicating that the slow-release complex enzyme glycosides further promote nutrient absorption and utilization by promoting root growth and development.

Claims

1. A controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides, characterized in that, It consists of a core and a coating; the core contains complex enzyme glycosides.

2. The controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for the fertilizer core include: Complex enzyme glycosides 0.01~0.15wt% Fertilizer granules: 99.85~99.99 wt%.

3. The controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fertilizer granules are selected from one or more of the following: large-particle urea, monoammonium phosphate granules, diammonium phosphate granules, potassium chloride granules, potassium sulfate granules, and compound fertilizer granules.

4. The controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coating is a polyurethane coating; the amount of polyurethane coating used is 1.5~5 wt% of the fertilizer core.

5. A preparation process for a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Weigh out the complex enzyme glycoside powder and dissolve it in water to obtain a complex enzyme glycoside solution; S2: Spray the complex enzyme glycoside solution onto the surface of fertilizer granules in a certain proportion until the complex enzyme glycoside solution is completely absorbed by the fertilizer granules, and then dry to obtain fertilizer core. S3: Coating the fertilizer core yields a controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides.

6. The preparation process of the controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides according to claim 5, characterized in that, The concentration of the complex enzyme glycoside solution is 10~50g / L.

7. The preparation process of the controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S2, the complex enzyme glycoside solution is sprayed onto the surface of the fertilizer granules in several applications, with the ratio of spray volume to fertilizer granules being 8-30 L: 1 t each time.

8. The preparation process of the controlled-release fertilizer containing complex enzyme glycosides according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drying temperature is 40~70℃, and the drying time is 5~30 minutes.