A multi-section sealing automatic discharging structure of a fushun type dry distillation furnace

Abstract

The present application relates to dry distillation furnace discharging technology field, and disclose a kind of Fushun dry distillation furnace multi-section sealing automatic discharging structure, including dry distillation furnace body, the top of dry distillation furnace body is connected with storage cylinder, further including, plugging mechanism, plugging mechanism is fixedly arranged in the outer wall of storage cylinder, push mechanism, push mechanism is fixedly arranged in the outer wall of storage cylinder, oil shale is conveyed to pre-storage cylinder by external feeding device, oil shale will be blocked by the plug valve located at top, pre-store oil shale, then stop conveying oil shale, by connecting assembly and drive assembly, control the opening and closing of the two plug valves at different times, when the plug valve at top is opened, storage cylinder feeds, after the plug valve at top is closed, the plug valve at bottom is opened, storage cylinder completes discharging, so that dry distillation furnace body is only connected with storage cylinder in short feeding moment, substantially reduce the amount of oil and gas leakage, effectively prevent dry distillation furnace body inside long-term communication with the outside world, can cause more oil and gas leakage, reduce oil recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of discharge equipment for distillation furnaces, specifically a multi-stage sealed automatic discharge structure for a Fushun-type distillation furnace. Background Technology

[0002] The traditional Fushun-type dry distillation furnace has a vertical cylindrical structure and belongs to the internally heated gas heat carrier dry distillation furnace. Its basic working process is as follows: oil shale is added from the top of the furnace and moves from top to bottom by gravity. Saturated air (or steam-air mixture) is introduced into the bottom of the furnace and reacts with the descending shale semi-coke in the generating section of the lower part of the furnace to produce high-temperature gas. This high-temperature gas rises and mixes with the 500-700℃ hot circulating gas introduced from the middle, together providing heat to the oil shale in the upper part of the furnace (dry distillation section), causing it to undergo a pyrolysis reaction, generating shale oil vapor, which is then discharged from the top of the furnace.

[0003] When filling a pyrolysis furnace, the top of the pyrolysis furnace is usually kept open to allow oil shale to continuously enter the furnace. Although the oil vapor generated in the pyrolysis furnace will be discharged through the gas collecting umbrella, the fact that the top of the pyrolysis furnace is always open means that some oil vapor may still be discharged through the feed inlet, resulting in oil and gas leakage and reducing the oil recovery rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace, including a dry distillation furnace body, a storage cylinder being connected through the top of the dry distillation furnace body, and further comprising: The sealing mechanism is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the storage cylinder; The driving mechanism is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the storage cylinder; A reciprocating mechanism is installed on top of the sealing mechanism; In operation, oil shale is fed into the storage cylinder by an external feeding device, and the oil shale is intermittently fed into the dry distillation furnace by a sealing mechanism that opens and closes intermittently.

[0005] Preferably, the blocking mechanism includes: A connecting component is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the storage cylinder; The driving component is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the connecting component.

[0006] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes: The extrusion assembly is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the storage cylinder by fasteners. The fasteners include an air collecting cylinder fixedly connected to the outer wall of the storage cylinder, a piston ring slidably connected to the inner wall of the air collecting cylinder, and a sealing ring fixedly connected to both the inner and outer walls of the piston ring. The injection assembly is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the gas collecting cylinder; During the process of oil shale falling inside the storage cylinder, the gas is squeezed by the extrusion component and finally sprayed out onto the falling oil shale by the injection component.

[0007] Preferably, the reciprocating mechanism includes: The push component is fixed at the top of the driver component; Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a connecting frame fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the outer wall of the storage cylinder, and a pre-storage cylinder is connected through the top of the storage cylinder; When the external feeding equipment feeds the material, the material will first enter the pre-storage cylinder for temporary storage of oil shale.

[0008] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a cylinder fixedly connected to the left side of the connecting frame, and a slide valve is slidably connected to the inner wall of both connecting frames; The outer walls of both slide gate valves are slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage cylinder, and the right side of the output end of both cylinders is fixedly connected to the side of the two slide gate valves near the cylinder. When oil shale enters the pre-storage cylinder, it is blocked by the top slide valve. Then, the oil shale is stopped, the top cylinder is activated to retract, and the top slide valve moves towards the cylinder, opening the top slide valve. The oil shale at the top then falls into the storage cylinder. Finally, the oil shale falls to the top of the bottom slide valve. Then, the top cylinder is activated to extend, pushing the top slide valve to close. After the top gate valve closes, oil shale is fed back into the pre-storage cylinder via an external feeding device. Simultaneously, the bottom cylinder retracts, opening the bottom gate valve and allowing the oil shale in the storage cylinder to fall into the retort furnace. By controlling the staggered opening and closing of the upper and lower gate valves, the storage cylinder is fed when the top gate valve is open, and discharged when the bottom gate valve is closed. This ensures that the retort furnace is only connected to the storage cylinder for a brief moment during feeding, significantly reducing oil and gas leakage and effectively preventing long-term communication between the retort furnace and the outside environment, which would cause excessive oil and gas leakage and reduce the oil recovery rate.

[0009] Preferably, the extrusion assembly includes a pusher frame fixedly connected to the left side of the top of the piston ring, and a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the top of the pusher frame; A sliding bracket is slidably connected to the bottom of the top slide valve, and the bottom of the sliding bracket is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting rod. During the opening process of the top slide valve moving towards the cylinder, it will come into contact with the sliding frame as it continues to move. At this time, the top slide valve continues to move, which will push the sliding frame to move. The sliding frame will push the connecting rod to rotate, changing its tilt angle. The pushing frame will be pushed downward by the connecting rod, causing the piston ring to descend.

[0010] Preferably, the spraying assembly includes a spring ring that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the gas collecting cylinder, and the inner walls of both the gas collecting cylinder and the storage cylinder are provided with several oblique holes; Two annular grooves are opened at the top of the inner wall of the gas collecting cylinder, and three sealing rings are fixedly connected to the side of the spring ring near the outer wall of the storage cylinder. When the piston ring descends and passes the annular groove, a sealed chamber is formed at the bottom of the piston ring. As the piston ring continues to descend, it will compress the gas in the gas collecting cylinder. At this time, the compressed gas will be blocked by the spring ring, and the gas will generate high pressure in the gas collecting cylinder. As the piston ring continues to move, the protruding part at its bottom will come into contact with the spring ring. This causes the spring ring to descend, accumulating rebound force. As the spring ring descends, the oblique hole is exposed, and the high-pressure gas inside the gas collecting cylinder is ejected obliquely through the oblique hole towards the falling oil shale in the storage cylinder. This increases the resistance to the descent of the oil shale, slows down its falling speed, and effectively prevents larger-diameter oil shale particles from generating a strong impact force when falling and hitting the bottom gate valve. This would cause larger-diameter oil shale particles to break into excessively small particles, resulting in excessive differences in oil shale particle size. This would lead to uneven gas distribution in the retort furnace, uneven heating of the oil shale, and a reduction in the oil yield.

[0011] Preferably, the pushing component includes a connecting rod fixedly connected to the top of the top slide valve, a sliding rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting rod, and a second connecting rod rotatably connected to the side of the sliding rod away from the outer wall of the storage cylinder; An L-shaped frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage cylinder, and the top right side of the L-shaped frame is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting rod two. When the top-mounted slide valve moves towards the cylinder to open, it simultaneously drives the connecting rod to move. As it continues to move, it will contact the left side of the sliding rod, causing the sliding rod to move and pull the second connecting rod to rotate, changing its tilt angle, thereby pulling the L-shaped frame upward.

[0012] Preferably, the energy storage assembly includes an umbrella-shaped frame slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage cylinder, and the inner wall of the storage cylinder is provided with a conical ring; A spring rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the umbrella-shaped frame. The outer wall of the spring rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the conical ring. The top of the umbrella-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the bottom left side of the L-shaped frame. When the L-shaped frame rises, it will drive the umbrella-shaped frame and spring rod to rise. The spring rod will pull the conical ring to rise. When the top slide valve moves away from the cylinder and closes, it will drive the connecting rod to move again. As it continues to move, it will contact the right side of the sliding rod, pushing the sliding rod to move in the opposite direction. Through the second connecting rod, the L-shaped frame, umbrella frame and conical ring will descend synchronously. As the conical ring continues to descend, it will come into contact with the oil shale at the top of the bottom gate valve. The conical ring will stop moving due to the obstruction of the oil shale. At this time, the umbrella frame continues to descend, which will compress the spring of the spring rod, causing it to accumulate rebound force. When the bottom gate valve opens, the obstruction of the oil shale disappears, the rebound force of the spring rod will be released, pushing the conical ring to descend, which will push the oil shale to descend quickly and be discharged from the storage cylinder, thus accelerating the discharge speed. To effectively prevent gas from accumulating at the bottom of the bottom gate valve when it is closed, creating a slight positive pressure, the gas will be discharged upwards when the bottom gate valve is opened quickly. This will increase the resistance to the descent of the oil shale, slow down its descent speed, and require extending the opening time of the bottom gate valve, leading to more oil and gas leaks.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) When the present invention is used, when feeding the pyrolysis furnace body, the oil shale is transported to the pre-storage cylinder by the external feeding device. The oil shale will be blocked by the top slide valve and pre-stored. After that, the oil shale is stopped. The upper and lower slide valves are controlled to open and close at different times by the connecting component and the driving component. When the top slide valve is open, the storage cylinder is fed. After the top slide valve is closed, the bottom slide valve is opened and the storage cylinder is discharged. This makes the pyrolysis furnace body only connected to the storage cylinder for a short feeding moment, which greatly reduces the amount of oil and gas leakage and effectively prevents the pyrolysis furnace body from being connected to the outside for a long time, which would cause a lot of oil and gas leakage and reduce the oil recovery rate.

[0014] (2) In this invention, as the top-mounted gate valve moves towards the cylinder to open, it will contact the sliding frame as it continues to move. The top-mounted gate valve continues to move, which will push the sliding frame to move. The sliding frame will drive the extrusion assembly to extrude the gas in the gas collecting cylinder to generate high pressure through the connecting rod. Then, the high-pressure gas inside the gas collecting cylinder will be sprayed obliquely through the inclined hole towards the oil shale falling into the storage cylinder through the injection assembly, which will increase the resistance of the oil shale's descent and slow down its falling speed. This effectively prevents the oil shale with a larger particle size from generating a strong impact force when it falls and hits the gate valve at the bottom. This will cause the oil shale with a larger particle size to break into too small particles, resulting in a large difference in the size of the oil shale particles. This will cause uneven gas distribution in the dry distillation furnace, resulting in uneven heating of the oil shale and reducing the oil yield of the oil shale.

[0015] (3) In this invention, when the top slide valve moves away from the cylinder to close, the push assembly pulls the umbrella frame, spring rod and conical ring to descend synchronously. When the bottom slide valve opens, the obstruction to the oil shale disappears, and the oil shale will be pushed to descend quickly and be discharged from the storage cylinder, which will speed up the discharge speed. This effectively prevents the gas that is not discharged in time in the dry distillation furnace when the bottom slide valve is closed from accumulating at the bottom of the bottom slide valve and forming a slight positive pressure. When the bottom slide valve opens quickly, the gas will be discharged upward, which will increase the descent resistance of the oil shale and slow down its descent speed. It is necessary to extend the opening time of the bottom slide valve, which will lead to more oil and gas leakage.

[0016] (4) In this invention, when the top insert valve is opened, the umbrella frame and the conical ring will be in an upward state. The umbrella frame guides the oil shale to move towards the inner wall of the storage cylinder, so that the high-pressure gas sprayed from the inclined hole can fully contact the falling oil shale and improve the deceleration effect. In addition, the oil shale moving along the inner wall of the storage cylinder will accumulate into an inverted cone shape along the inclined surface of the inner wall of the storage cylinder. With the inverted conical inclined surface of the conical ring, the vertical extrusion force of the conical ring on the oil shale can be decomposed into a horizontal lateral force through the conical surface, reducing the extrusion force on the oil shale and effectively preventing the oil shale from being affected by the extrusion force of the conical ring, which would cause the oil shale to break into particles with too small a size. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the storage cylinder of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pre-storage cylinder of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the slide gate valve of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the gas collecting cylinder of the present invention.

[0019] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: In the diagram: 1. Sealing mechanism; 11. Connecting assembly; 12. Driving assembly; 13. Dry distillation furnace body; 14. Storage cylinder; 111. Connecting frame; 112. Pre-storage cylinder; 121. Cylinder; 122. Slide valve; 2. Pushing mechanism; 21. Extrusion assembly; 22. Injection assembly; 211. Gas collecting cylinder; 212. Piston ring; 213. Pushing frame; 214. Connecting rod one; 215. Sliding frame; 221. Spring ring; 222. Annular groove; 223. Inclined hole; 3. Reciprocating mechanism; 31. Pushing assembly; 32. Energy storage assembly; 311. Connecting rod; 312. Sliding rod; 313. Connecting rod two; 314. L-shaped frame; 321. Umbrella-shaped frame; 322. Conical ring; 323. Spring rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-4 This invention relates to a multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace, comprising a dry distillation furnace body 13, with a storage cylinder 14 connected through the top of the dry distillation furnace body 13, and further comprising: The sealing mechanism 1 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the storage cylinder 14; The pushing mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the storage cylinder 14; Reciprocating mechanism 3 is installed on top of sealing mechanism 1; In use, oil shale is fed into the storage cylinder 14 by an external feeding device, and the oil shale is intermittently opened and closed by the sealing mechanism 1 to allow the oil shale to pass through the storage cylinder 14 and enter the dry distillation furnace body 13.

[0022] Blocking mechanism 1 includes: Connection component 11 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of storage cylinder 14; The drive component 12 is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the connecting component 11.

[0023] The driving body 2 includes: The extrusion assembly 21 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the storage cylinder 14 by a fastener; The fixing component includes an air collecting cylinder 211 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the storage cylinder 14. A piston ring 212 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air collecting cylinder 211. A sealing ring is fixedly connected to both the inner and outer walls of the piston ring 212. The injection assembly 22 is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the air collecting cylinder 211; During the process of the oil shale falling in the storage cylinder 14, the gas is squeezed by the extrusion component 21 and finally sprayed out by the injection component 22 onto the falling oil shale.

[0024] Reciprocating mechanism 3 includes: Push component 31 is fixedly mounted on top of driver component 12; Energy storage component 32 is slidably disposed on the inner wall of storage cylinder 14.

[0025] Example 2, please refer to Figures 3-8 The present invention is a multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace. Based on Example 1, the connecting component 11 includes a connecting frame 111 fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the outer wall of the storage cylinder 14, and a pre-storage cylinder 112 is connected through the top of the storage cylinder 14. When the external feeding equipment feeds the material, the material will first enter the pre-storage cylinder 112 for temporary storage of oil shale.

[0026] The drive assembly 12 includes a cylinder 121 fixedly connected to the left side of the connecting frame 111, and a slide valve 122 is slidably connected to the inner wall of both connecting frames 111. The outer walls of both slide gate valves 122 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage cylinder 14, and the right side of the output end of both cylinders 121 is fixedly connected to the side of the two slide gate valves 122 near the cylinder 121. When oil shale enters the pre-storage cylinder 112, it is blocked by the top-mounted baffle valve 122. Then, the oil shale is stopped, the top-mounted cylinder 121 is activated to retract, which moves the top-mounted baffle valve 122 toward the cylinder 121, causing the top-mounted baffle valve 122 to open. The oil shale at the top then falls into the storage cylinder 14. Finally, the oil shale falls to the top of the bottom-mounted baffle valve 122. Then, the top-mounted cylinder 121 is activated to extend, pushing the top-mounted baffle valve 122 to close. After the top slide gate valve 122 closes, oil shale is again fed into the pre-storage cylinder 112 via an external feeding device. At the same time, the bottom cylinder 121 is retracted, causing the bottom slide gate valve 122 to open, allowing the oil shale in the storage cylinder 14 to fall into the retort furnace body 13. By controlling the staggered opening and closing of the upper and lower slide gate valves 122, when the top slide gate valve 122 is open, the storage cylinder 14 is fed; when the top slide gate valve 122 is closed, the bottom slide gate valve 122 is opened, and the storage cylinder 14 is discharged. This ensures that the retort furnace body 13 is only connected to the storage cylinder 14 for a brief moment during feeding, significantly reducing the amount of oil and gas leakage. This effectively prevents the retort furnace body 13 from being constantly connected to the outside, which would cause a large amount of oil and gas leakage and reduce the oil recovery rate.

[0027] The extrusion assembly 21 includes a pusher 213 fixedly connected to the top left side of the piston ring 212, and a connecting rod 214 rotatably connected to the top of the pusher 213; A sliding bracket 215 is slidably connected to the bottom of the top slide valve 122, and the bottom of the sliding bracket 215 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting rod 214. During the opening process of the top-mounted slide valve 122 moving towards the cylinder 121, it will come into contact with the sliding bracket 215 as it continues to move. Figure 6 As shown in position E, at this time, the top slide valve 122 continues to move, which will push the sliding frame 215 to move. The sliding frame 215 will push the connecting rod 214 to rotate, changing its tilt angle. The push frame 213 will be pushed downward by the connecting rod 214, causing the piston ring 212 to descend.

[0028] The spraying assembly 22 includes a spring ring 221 that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air collecting cylinder 211. Both the inner walls of the air collecting cylinder 211 and the storage cylinder 14 are provided with a number of oblique holes 223. Two annular grooves 222 are opened on the top of the inner wall of the gas collecting cylinder 211, and three sealing rings are fixedly connected to the side of the spring ring 221 near the outer wall of the storage cylinder 14. When the piston ring 212 descends past the annular groove 222, a sealed chamber is formed at the bottom of the piston ring 212. As the piston ring 212 continues to descend, it compresses the gas in the gas collecting cylinder 211. At this time, the compressed gas is blocked by the spring ring 221, and high pressure is generated in the gas collecting cylinder 211. As the piston ring 212 continues to move, its bottom protruding part will contact the spring ring 221. Figure 8 The position of G in the middle is shown; This causes the spring ring 221 to descend, accumulating rebound force. As the spring ring 221 descends, the oblique hole 223 is exposed. The high-pressure gas inside the gas collecting cylinder 211 is then ejected obliquely through the oblique hole 223 towards the oil shale falling into the storage cylinder 14, increasing the resistance to the descent of the oil shale and slowing its descent speed. This effectively prevents the large-diameter oil shale from generating a strong impact force when it falls and hits the bottom-mounted valve 122, which would cause the large-diameter oil shale to break into excessively small particles. This would result in excessive differences in the size of the oil shale particles, leading to uneven gas distribution in the dry distillation furnace 13, uneven heating of the oil shale, and a reduction in the oil yield of the oil shale.

[0029] The push assembly 31 includes a connecting rod 311 fixedly connected to the top of the top slide valve 122, a sliding rod 312 slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting rod 311, and a connecting rod 313 rotatably connected to the side of the sliding rod 312 away from the outer wall of the storage cylinder 14. An L-shaped frame 314 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage cylinder 14, and the top right side of the L-shaped frame 314 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting rod 313. When the top-mounted slide valve 122 moves towards the cylinder 121 to open, it simultaneously drives the connecting rod 311 to move. As it continues to move, it will contact the left side of the sliding rod 312, causing the sliding rod 312 to move and pull the connecting rod 313 to rotate, changing its tilt angle, thereby pulling the L-shaped frame 314 to rise.

[0030] The energy storage assembly 32 includes an umbrella-shaped frame 321 that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage cylinder 14, and a conical ring 322 is provided on the inner wall of the storage cylinder 14. A spring rod 323 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the umbrella frame 321. The outer wall of the spring rod 323 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the conical ring 322. The top of the umbrella frame 321 is fixedly connected to the bottom left side of the L-shaped frame 314. When the L-shaped frame 314 rises, it will drive the umbrella-shaped frame 321 and the spring rod 323 to rise. The spring rod 323 will pull the conical ring 322 to rise. When the top slide valve 122 moves away from the cylinder 121 and closes, it will drive the connecting rod 311 to move again. As it continues to move, it will contact the right side of the sliding rod 312, pushing the sliding rod 312 to move in the opposite direction. Through the connecting rod 313, the L-shaped frame 314, the umbrella-shaped frame 321 and the conical ring 322 will descend synchronously. As the conical ring 322 continues to descend, it will come into contact with the oil shale at the top of the bottom slide valve 122. The conical ring 322 will stop moving due to the obstruction of the oil shale. At this time, the umbrella frame 321 continues to descend, which will compress the spring of the spring rod 323, allowing it to accumulate rebound force. When the bottom slide valve 122 opens, the obstruction of the oil shale disappears, and the rebound force of the spring rod 323 will be released, pushing the conical ring 322 to descend, causing it to push the oil shale to descend rapidly and be discharged from the storage cylinder 14, thus accelerating the discharge speed. To effectively prevent the gas that is not discharged in time from the dry distillation furnace body 13 when the bottom gate valve 122 is closed, it will accumulate at the bottom of the bottom gate valve 122, forming a slight positive pressure. When the bottom gate valve 122 is opened quickly, the gas will be discharged upward, which will increase the downward resistance of the oil shale and slow down its descent speed. It is necessary to extend the opening time of the bottom gate valve 122, which will lead to more oil and gas leakage problems.

[0031] The number of the above components is not limited. Those skilled in the art can set it freely according to actual needs, as long as the above components are installed at the corresponding component connection positions.

[0032] A specific application of this embodiment is as follows: When the present invention is used, when it is necessary to feed material into the dry distillation furnace body 13, oil shale is transported to the pre-storage cylinder 112 through an external feeding device. The oil shale will be blocked by the top-mounted baffle valve 122 for pre-storage. Then, the oil shale is stopped from being transported, and the top-mounted cylinder 121 is activated to retract, which drives the top-mounted baffle valve 122 to move toward the cylinder 121, so that the top-mounted baffle valve 122 opens. The oil shale at the top will fall into the storage cylinder 14. Finally, the oil shale will fall to the top of the bottom-mounted baffle valve 122. Then, the top-mounted cylinder 121 is activated to extend, pushing the top-mounted baffle valve 122 to close. After the top slide gate valve 122 is closed, oil shale is transported again to the pre-storage cylinder 112 by the external feeding device. At the same time, the bottom cylinder 121 is activated to retract, causing the bottom slide gate valve 122 to open, so that the oil shale in the storage cylinder 14 falls into the retort furnace body 13. By controlling the staggered opening and closing of the upper and lower slide gate valves 122, when the top slide gate valve 122 is open, the storage cylinder 14 is fed; when the top slide gate valve 122 is closed, the bottom slide gate valve 122 is opened, and the storage cylinder 14 completes the discharge. This ensures that the retort furnace body 13 is only connected to the storage cylinder 14 for a brief moment of feeding, which greatly reduces the amount of oil and gas leakage and effectively prevents the retort furnace body 13 from being connected to the outside for a long time, which would cause a lot of oil and gas leakage and reduce the oil recovery rate. Secondly, as the top-mounted slide valve 122 moves towards the cylinder 121 to open, it will come into contact with the sliding bracket 215 as it continues to move. Figure 6As shown in position E, at this time, the top slide valve 122 continues to move, which pushes the sliding frame 215 to move. The sliding frame 215 pushes the connecting rod 214 to rotate, changing its tilt angle. The pusher 213 is pushed downward by the connecting rod 214, causing the piston ring 212 to descend. When the piston ring 212 descends past the annular groove 222, a sealed chamber is formed at the bottom of the piston ring 212. As the piston ring 212 continues to descend, it will compress the gas in the gas collecting cylinder 211. At this time, the compressed gas is blocked by the spring ring 221, and the gas will generate high pressure in the gas collecting cylinder 211. As the piston ring 212 continues to move, its bottom protruding position will contact the spring ring 221, as... Figure 8 The position of G in the middle is shown; This causes the spring ring 221 to descend, accumulating rebound force. As the spring ring 221 descends, the oblique hole 223 is exposed. The high-pressure gas inside the gas collecting cylinder 211 is then ejected obliquely through the oblique hole 223 towards the oil shale falling into the storage cylinder 14, increasing the resistance to the descent of the oil shale and slowing its descent speed. This effectively prevents the large-diameter oil shale from generating a strong impact force when it falls and hits the bottom-mounted valve 122, which would cause the large-diameter oil shale to break into excessively small particles. This would result in excessive differences in the size of the oil shale particles, leading to uneven gas distribution in the dry distillation furnace 13, uneven heating of the oil shale, and a reduction in the oil yield of the oil shale. When the top-mounted slide valve 122 closes by moving away from the cylinder 121, it will re-engage with the sliding bracket 215 as it continues to move. Figure 6 As shown in the position of F, the sliding frame 215 is pushed to move. The sliding frame 215 pulls the push frame 213 and piston ring 212 to rise and reset via the connecting rod 214. When the piston ring 212 separates from the spring ring 221, its rebound force will be released and it will return to its original position. As the piston ring 212 continues to rise until the piston ring 212 returns to its original position, the annular groove 222 will be connected to the bottom of the piston ring 212 again, and the outside gas will enter the gas collecting cylinder 211 through the annular groove 222 to complete the replenishment of the gas in the gas collecting cylinder 211. Secondly, when the top slide valve 122 moves towards the cylinder 121 to open, it simultaneously drives the connecting rod 311 to move. As it continues to move, it will contact the left side of the sliding rod 312, causing the sliding rod 312 to move and pull the connecting rod 313 to rotate, changing its tilt angle, thereby pulling the L-shaped frame 314 to rise, driving the umbrella frame 321 and the spring rod 323 to rise, and pulling the conical ring 322 to rise through the spring rod 323. When the top slide valve 122 moves away from the cylinder 121 and closes, it will drive the connecting rod 311 to move again. As it continues to move, it will contact the right side of the sliding rod 312, pushing the sliding rod 312 to move in the opposite direction. Through the connecting rod 313, it will push the L-shaped frame 314, the umbrella-shaped frame 321 and the conical ring 322 to descend synchronously. As the conical ring 322 continues to descend, it will come into contact with the oil shale at the top of the bottom slide valve 122. The conical ring 322 will stop moving due to the obstruction of the oil shale. At this time, the umbrella frame 321 continues to descend, which will compress the spring of the spring rod 323, allowing it to accumulate rebound force. When the bottom slide valve 122 opens, the obstruction of the oil shale disappears, and the rebound force of the spring rod 323 will be released, pushing the conical ring 322 to descend, causing it to push the oil shale to descend rapidly and be discharged from the storage cylinder 14, thus accelerating the discharge speed. To effectively prevent the gas that is not discharged in time in the dry distillation furnace body 13 when the bottom gate valve 122 is closed, it will accumulate at the bottom of the bottom gate valve 122, forming a slight positive pressure. When the bottom gate valve 122 is opened quickly, the gas will be discharged upward, which will increase the downward resistance of the oil shale and slow down its descent speed. It is necessary to extend the opening time of the bottom gate valve 122, which will lead to more oil and gas leakage problems. Secondly, when the top baffle valve 122 is opened, the umbrella-shaped frame 321 and the conical ring 322 will be in an upward state. The falling oil shale will contact the top of the umbrella-shaped frame 321. The umbrella-shaped frame 321 guides the oil shale towards the inner wall of the storage cylinder 14, so that the high-pressure gas ejected from the inclined hole 223 can fully contact the falling oil shale, improving the deceleration effect. In addition, the oil shale moving along the inner wall of the storage cylinder 14 will converge at the top of the bottom baffle valve 122 along the inclined surface of the inner wall of the storage cylinder 14, so that the accumulated oil shale forms an inverted cone shape. With the inverted conical inclined surface of the conical ring 322, the vertical extrusion force of the conical ring 322 on the oil shale can be decomposed into a horizontal lateral force through the conical surface, reducing the extrusion force on the oil shale and effectively preventing the oil shale from being affected by the extrusion force of the conical ring 322, causing the oil shale to break into excessively small particles.

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace, comprising a dry distillation furnace body (13), wherein a storage cylinder (14) is connected through the top of the dry distillation furnace body (13), characterized in that, Also includes: A sealing mechanism (1) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the storage cylinder (14); A pushing mechanism (2) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the storage cylinder (14); A reciprocating mechanism (3) is installed on top of the sealing mechanism (1); In use, oil shale is transported into the storage cylinder (14) by an external feeding device, and the oil shale is intermittently opened and closed by the sealing mechanism (1) so that it enters the dry distillation furnace body (13) through the storage cylinder (14) intermittently.

2. The multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking mechanism (1) includes: A connecting component (11) is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the storage cylinder (14); A drive component (12) is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the connecting component (11).

3. The multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The propulsion mechanism (2) includes: The extrusion assembly (21) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the storage cylinder (14) by a fastener; The fixing component includes an air collecting cylinder (211) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the storage cylinder (14), and a piston ring (212) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air collecting cylinder (211). Both the inner and outer walls of the piston ring (212) are fixedly connected to a sealing ring. The injection assembly (22) is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the gas collecting cylinder (211); During the process of the oil shale falling in the storage cylinder (14), the gas is squeezed by the extrusion component (21), and finally sprayed out onto the falling oil shale by the injection component (22).

4. The multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reciprocating mechanism (3) includes: A push component (31) is fixedly disposed on top of the drive component (12); Energy storage component (32) is slidably disposed on the inner wall of storage cylinder (14).

5. The multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting assembly (11) includes a connecting frame (111) fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the outer wall of the storage cylinder (14), and a pre-storage cylinder (112) is connected through the top of the storage cylinder (14). When the external feeding device feeds the material, the material will first enter the pre-storage cylinder (112) for temporary storage of oil shale.

6. The multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive assembly (12) includes a cylinder (121) fixedly connected to the left side of the connecting frame (111), and a slide valve (122) is slidably connected to the inner wall of both connecting frames (111). The outer walls of the two slide gate valves (122) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage cylinder (14), and the right side of the output end of the two cylinders (121) is fixedly connected to the side of the two slide gate valves (122) near the cylinder (121). When the cylinder (121) at the top is activated to retract, it moves the top slide valve (122) to open, allowing the oil shale in the pre-storage cylinder (112) to fall into the storage cylinder (14) and finally land on top of the slide valve (122) at the bottom.

7. The multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The extrusion assembly (21) includes a pusher (213) fixedly connected to the top left side of the piston ring (212), and a connecting rod (214) is rotatably connected to the top of the pusher (213). A sliding frame (215) is slidably connected to the bottom of the top slide valve (122), and the bottom of the sliding frame (215) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting rod (214). As the top insert valve (122) continues to move, it will come into contact with the sliding frame (215), thereby pushing the sliding frame (215) to move, causing the sliding frame (215) to push the first connecting rod (214) to rotate, and through the first connecting rod (214) to push the pusher frame (213) and piston ring (212) to descend.

8. The multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The injection assembly (22) includes a spring ring (221) that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the gas collecting cylinder (211). The inner walls of the gas collecting cylinder (211) and the storage cylinder (14) are provided with a number of oblique holes (223). The top of the inner wall of the gas collecting cylinder (211) has two annular grooves (222), and three sealing rings are fixedly connected to the side of the spring ring (221) near the outer wall of the storage cylinder (14). During the descent of the piston ring (212), after passing the annular groove (222), the bottom of the piston ring (212) is in a sealed state. As the piston ring (212) descends, it will compress the gas in the gas collecting cylinder (211).

9. The multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The push assembly (31) includes a connecting rod (311) fixedly connected to the top of the top slide valve (122), a sliding rod (312) slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting rod (311), and a connecting rod (313) rotatably connected to the side of the sliding rod (312) away from the outer wall of the storage cylinder (14). The inner wall of the storage cylinder (14) is slidably connected to an L-shaped frame (314), and the top right side of the L-shaped frame (314) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting rod (313). As the top slide valve (122) moves continuously, it will cause the connecting rod (311) to contact the sliding rod (312). The connecting rod (311) will push the sliding rod (312) to move, pulling the second connecting rod (313) to rotate, and the L-shaped frame (314) will rise through the second connecting rod (313).

10. The multi-stage sealed automatic feeding structure for a Fushun-type dry distillation furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The energy storage component (32) includes an umbrella-shaped frame (321) slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage cylinder (14), and the inner wall of the storage cylinder (14) is provided with a conical ring (322). The bottom of the umbrella frame (321) is fixedly connected to a spring rod (323), the outer wall of the spring rod (323) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the conical ring (322), and the top of the umbrella frame (321) is fixedly connected to the bottom left side of the L-shaped frame (314). When the L-shaped frame (314) rises, it will drive the umbrella-shaped frame (321) and the spring rod (323) to rise, and the conical ring (322) will rise through the spring rod (323).

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