Electrolytic cell lining device and method of construction

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electrolytic cell lining, and discloses an electrolytic cell lining device and a construction method. The device comprises a heat insulation layer and an anti-seepage layer, the heat insulation layer is built into a square ring-shaped fence by prefabricated high-strength pouring blocks, the high-strength pouring blocks are provided with mortise and tenon structures, the mortise and tenon structures realize embedded positioning and connection, and the sealing property and the integrity are improved. The block bodies are provided with through grooves at the bottom for the cathode steel rods to pass through, and the through grooves are filled with fire-resistant mortar; non-through cavities are arranged in the block bodies, the non-through cavities are filled with compressible fire-resistant heat-insulating materials to absorb thermal stress, the cavities are filled through process holes one, and sensing elements can be optionally installed through process holes two for real-time monitoring. The construction method comprises prefabricating high-strength pouring blocks in a factory and building the pouring blocks on site, the pouring blocks are assembled into modules through mortise and tenon embedding and sealing joints, and pouring is changed into modular assembly. According to the application, the overhaul cycle is shortened by 30%-50%, the structural reliability is enhanced, thermal stress is managed, intelligent operation and maintenance are realized, and the service life and safety of the electrolytic cell are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolytic cell lining technology, specifically an electrolytic cell lining device and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the aluminum electrolysis production process, the aluminum electrolysis cell is the core equipment, and the quality of its lining directly affects the cell's service life and production efficiency. The electrolysis cell lining includes an insulation layer and a seepage-proof layer located inside the insulation layer. The insulation layer is a square ring-shaped enclosure built around the inside of the electrolysis cell, primarily serving to insulate, reinforce the structure, and provide some corrosion resistance. Existing insulation layers are constructed using on-site casting methods, which present the following problems: The construction process is complex and the efficiency is low: High-strength castable requires multiple processes such as on-site mixing, pouring, and vibration, which makes the construction process complex and labor-intensive; High-strength castable also requires a long period of natural curing, which takes up a lot of construction time and affects the efficiency of electrolytic cell overhaul.

[0003] Quality is difficult to guarantee: A large amount of water needs to be added during the construction of high-strength castable. This water can easily seep into the inside of the electrolytic cell, forming channel defects after the electrolytic cell is started, affecting the sealing and safety of the electrolytic cell. The construction quality of high-strength castable is greatly affected by factors such as the construction environment and the skill level of the operators, making it difficult to guarantee consistent quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide an electrolytic cell lining device and construction method to solve the problems of complex construction process, low efficiency and difficulty in guaranteeing quality of the existing electrolytic cell insulation layer.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electrolytic cell lining device for an aluminum electrolytic cell, the electrolytic cell having a cell body, the lining device including a heat insulation layer and a seepage-proof layer located inside the heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer being built into the inner periphery of the cell body to form a square annular enclosure.

[0006] The core improvement of the insulation layer lies in its construction from multiple prefabricated high-strength cast-in-place blocks. These blocks feature a mortise and tenon structure, including protrusions and recesses. This allows adjacent blocks to be precisely positioned and reliably connected during construction through the interlocking of the protrusions and recesses, forming a closed, annular structure that significantly improves the lining's sealing and structural integrity.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom of the high-strength castable block is provided with a through groove for the cathode steel rod to pass through. This through groove is correspondingly positioned to the cathode steel rod, and a certain gap is reserved at the contact point to resist deformation of the cathode steel rod under heat. This gap, as well as the buffer gap formed between adjacent high-strength castable blocks, are filled with refractory mortar to provide sealing and buffering.

[0008] As a key improvement of this invention, the high-strength castable block has at least one non-penetrating cavity formed using a mandrel. The cavity is filled with compressible refractory insulation material to absorb thermal stress generated during the operation of the electrolytic cell due to thermal expansion, preventing cracking of the precast block. The cavity communicates with the outside through at least one process hole, which is formed after the mandrel is removed and serves as a channel for filling the cavity with the compressible refractory insulation material.

[0009] As another key improvement of this invention, the cavity of some high-strength casting blocks is also connected to the outside through at least one process hole II, which is formed after the fixing rod II that fixes the core mold is removed. The process hole II serves as a sensing channel, and a sensing element for real-time monitoring of the internal state parameters (such as temperature, pressure, etc.) of the lining is installed inside it. The detection end of the sensing element is located inside the process hole II, thereby realizing online monitoring of the working state of the lining.

[0010] Secondly, the present invention provides a construction method for constructing the aforementioned lining device, the method mainly comprising the following steps: First, the high-strength castable blocks are prefabricated (S1). This step includes template making (the template surface is coated with a release agent to ensure dimensional accuracy), mixing and pouring (using a forced mixer, dry mixing first and then wet mixing with water, strictly controlling the amount of water added, pouring in layers and using a vibrating device to compact), curing and drying (including natural curing and slow drying processes to form ceramic bonding and achieve the required strength), and inspection procedures (inspecting whether its bulk density, linear change after heating, strength, thermal conductivity, and other parameters meet the requirements).

[0011] Next, the insulation layer is constructed (S2). Prefabricated, qualified high-strength castable blocks are transported to the site and constructed according to the electrolytic cell structure. The high-strength castable blocks are interlocked using tenon and mortise joints to form a closed annular lining. Precision must be controlled during construction to ensure that the slots on the high-strength castable blocks correspond one-to-one with the cathode steel rod windows, and expansion joints are provided. Simultaneously, refractory mortar with shrinkage and high-temperature resistance properties is used as a binder to seal the joints, and refractory insulation material is filled between the high-strength castable blocks and the cell body.

[0012] Then, the construction of the impermeable layer (S3) is carried out, which is located inside the completed insulation layer.

[0013] For high-strength castable blocks with internal cavities, their prefabrication and cavity treatment have specific processes: In the mold pretreatment stage, threaded holes for fixing the core mold (such as polystyrene foam material) are pre-drilled; a fixing rod with a release agent coated on its surface is installed to fix the core mold; after casting and curing are completed, the fixing rod is unscrewed to form a process hole; the core mold is melted or disassembled through this hole to form a cavity; prefabricated compressible refractory insulation material (such as ceramic fiber) is filled into the cavity through the process hole; finally, the process hole is carefully filled and sealed with refractory mortar or castable of the same material.

[0014] For the installation of the sensing element: use the second fixing rod to form the second process hole; insert the probe of the sensing element into the cavity through the second process hole and fix it. After the wire is led out, seal it with high-temperature sealing putty.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, compared with the prior art, this invention brings significant technological progress and economic benefits through prefabrication, modularization, and integrated structural and functional design, specifically reflected in the following aspects: 1. Fundamentally revolutionize construction methods, significantly improving efficiency and consistency: The process shifts from "on-site casting" to "factory prefabrication + on-site construction": The most time-consuming and quality-challenged key processes—casting, vibration, and curing—are moved from the complex conditions of the electrolytic cell overhaul site to a factory with a controlled environment. Factory prefabrication enables standardized, assembly-line production. Through strict mold control, proportioning control, and curing procedures, the dimensional accuracy and performance indicators (such as density, strength, and linear shrinkage rate) of each high-strength cast block are ensured to be highly consistent, eliminating quality fluctuations caused by differences in on-site worker skills and environmental variations.

[0016] Significantly shortens the overhaul cycle of electrolytic cells: On-site construction is simplified to a building process similar to "building blocks," eliminating on-site mixing, pouring, and long-term curing waiting. The construction cycle is expected to be shortened by 30%-50%, significantly improving the overhaul efficiency of electrolytic cells, accelerating the resumption of production, and creating huge economic benefits for enterprises.

[0017] 2. Significantly improves the integrity and reliability of the inner lining structure: The multiple benefits of mortise and tenon joints: The unique mortise and tenon structure (with protrusions and recesses interlocking) not only enables rapid and precise positioning during masonry, simplifying construction, but more importantly, it creates a mechanical interlock, connecting individual blocks into a ring-shaped, sealed structure with excellent integrity. This structure effectively disperses and resists the thermal and mechanical stresses generated during the operation of the electrolytic cell, preventing the blocks from shifting or tipping over, and greatly enhancing the structural stability and safety of the lining.

[0018] Eliminating moisture-related hazards: Since the precast blocks have been dried in the factory and reached the required strength, there is no need to introduce large amounts of water during on-site construction. This completely avoids the risk of moisture in traditional castables evaporating and forming channel defects when the electrolytic cell is started, fundamentally improving the sealing integrity of the lining and the safety of long-term operation.

[0019] 3. Innovatively solves the problem of thermal stress management, extending the service life of the lining: Built-in "stress buffering system": A pre-set cavity is constructed within the high-strength castable block and filled with compressible refractory insulation material. This design constitutes an active thermal stress buffering mechanism. During the temperature fluctuations of the electrolytic cell's start-up, shutdown, and operation, the filling material within the cavity can undergo elastic deformation, effectively absorbing and compensating for the internal stress generated by the block's thermal expansion and contraction. This significantly reduces the risk of cracks or even fractures in the lining, providing a crucial guarantee for substantially extending the electrolytic cell's service life.

[0020] 4. Real-time sensing and intelligent operation and maintenance of the lining status have been achieved. Integrated monitoring channel: Through the reserved process hole 2 (sensor channel), temperature, pressure and other sensors can be pre-embedded or implanted in key locations inside the lining. This enables operators to monitor physical parameters such as temperature field and stress changes of the lining in real time and accurately, achieving online diagnosis and early warning of the lining's health status.

[0021] Provides data support for predictive maintenance: This function upgrades the lining from passive "black box" maintenance to "transparent" predictive intelligent maintenance, providing direct data basis for optimizing the electrolytic cell operation process and formulating scientific overhaul plans. It can effectively avoid sudden cell shutdown accidents and improve the level of intelligent production management.

[0022] 5. Comprehensive optimization of thermal insulation performance and structural adaptability: Multi-layer insulation system: It forms multiple insulation layers consisting of the high-strength cast block itself (low thermal conductivity), the cavity inside the block (filled with insulation material), and the insulation material filling the space between the block and the tank shell. These layers work together to ensure that the electrolytic cell has excellent thermal efficiency and reduce energy consumption.

[0023] Excellent structural adaptability: The modular design allows it to flexibly adapt to complex contours such as large surfaces, ends, and corners of electrolytic cells. The slots and gaps reserved for the cathode steel rods fully consider the adaptability to cathode deformation, avoiding the squeezing or damage to the inner lining structure due to steel rod deformation.

[0024] 6. Achieved both simplicity and multifunctionality in cavity fabrication and functional integration: The ingenious design of "multi-purpose holes and inherent process": The core advantages of process holes one and two used to form and utilize cavities in this invention lie in "functional integration" and "process simplicity." They are not additionally processed during the preparation stage. Instead, after the fixing rods one and two, which fix the core mold, complete their core auxiliary function (ensuring accurate positioning and preventing displacement of the core mold during vibration), they naturally form regular channels by rotating them out of the hardened block. This design makes the process holes "positioners" that ensure the quality of cavity forming during the manufacturing stage, and naturally transforms them into "channels" for subsequent functions after manufacturing is complete. This method highly integrates multiple steps such as cavity forming, channel reservation, and functional realization, avoiding potential damage to the precast block structure caused by subsequent secondary drilling, simplifying the process flow, ensuring structural integrity, and significantly improving preparation efficiency and reliability.

[0025] The reuse and expansion of process holes enable a seamless connection between "manufacturing" and "function": these reserved process holes are given key functional roles after the precast blocks are formed, maximizing their value.

[0026] Process Hole 1 (Filling Channel): Its primary function is to serve as a channel for disassembling and removing the core mold, and it then immediately transforms into a filling channel for refractory and thermal insulation material. This seamless transformation ensures the possibility of efficient and thorough filling of the sealed cavity, which is key to achieving the thermal stress buffering function.

[0027] Process Hole 2 (Multi-functional Interface): Also derived from a fixed rod position, it primarily serves as a sensing channel for mounting sensing elements, providing a hardware interface for lining condition monitoring. Furthermore, this channel also has the potential to function as a backup filling port, vent, or inspection port, enhancing design redundancy and adaptability.

[0028] In summary, this invention is not a simple improvement on existing technologies, but a systematic innovation. Through the synergistic design of materials, structure, and processes, it achieves comprehensive improvements in construction efficiency, quality control, structural safety, life prediction, and intelligent management, and has extremely high industrial application value. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-strength castable block splicing method in one embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a square ring-shaped enclosure formed by splicing high-strength castable blocks in an embodiment; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of another high-strength castable block splicing method in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of another type of high-strength castable block splicing in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another type of high-strength casting block in the embodiments; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another high-strength casting block in the embodiment; In the figure: 1. High-strength casting block; 101. Protrusion; 102. Recess; 103. Through groove; 104. Cavity; 105. Process hole one; 106. Process hole two; 1a. Large surface section; 1b. End section; 1c. Corner section; 2. Cathode steel rod; 3. Sensing element. Detailed Implementation

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Example 1: Basic Electrolytic Cell Lining Device and Construction Method This embodiment provides an electrolytic cell lining device and construction method, focusing on improving construction efficiency and structural integrity through modular masonry of prefabricated high-strength cast-in-place blocks. The specific implementation is as follows: Regarding the device structure: like Figures 1-4 As shown, the electrolytic cell lining device is used in aluminum electrolytic cells. An insulation layer is constructed along the inner perimeter of the cell body, and a seepage-proof layer is provided inside the insulation layer. The insulation layer is constructed from multiple prefabricated high-strength cast blocks 1, forming a structure as shown in the diagram. Figure 2 The square ring-shaped enclosure shown. The high-strength cast-in-place block 1 has a mortise and tenon structure, including a protrusion 101 and a recess 102, which allows adjacent blocks to be precisely positioned and connected during construction by interlocking, forming a ring-shaped sealed structure and significantly improving the sealing performance.

[0033] Furthermore, the bottom of the high-strength castable block 1 is provided with a through groove 103 for the cathode steel rod 2 to pass through. The through groove 103 is correspondingly set with the cathode steel rod 2, and a gap is reserved at the contact part to resist thermal deformation; the gap and the buffer gap between adjacent blocks are filled with refractory mortar to play a sealing and buffering role. The high-strength castable block 1 is designed with various specifications, such as large surface block 1a, end block 1b and corner block 1c, to meet the masonry requirements of different parts of the electrolytic cell and ensure continuity and integrity.

[0034] Regarding construction methods: The construction method mainly includes the following steps: S1. Precast high-strength castable block: Template fabrication: Apply release agent to the template surface to ensure dimensional accuracy.

[0035] Mixing and pouring: A forced mixer is used, and the mixture is first dry-mixed and then wet-mixed with water, with strict control over the amount of water added; the pouring is carried out in layers, with each layer being ≤300mm thick, and vibrating equipment is used to compact the mixture until the surface is covered with slurry and free of air bubbles.

[0036] Curing and drying: This includes natural curing and slow drying processes to form a ceramic bond and achieve the strength required for use.

[0037] Inspection process: Inspect the parameters of high-strength casting block 1, including bulk density, linear change after heating, compressive strength, flexural strength, thermal conductivity, and chemical composition.

[0038] The inspection process must ensure that the parameters of the qualified high-strength castable block 1 meet the following requirements: bulk density ≥ 2.0 g / cm³, linear change after heating is -0.1%~0.4% at 816℃, -0.5%~1.5% at 1260℃, and -0.1%~0.5% at 900℃, compressive strength is 12-25MPa, flexural strength is 1.0-2.5MPa, and thermal conductivity is ≤0.54 W / m·K at 204℃, ≤0.58 W / m·K at 429℃, ≤0.64 W / m·K at 649℃, and ≤0.70 W / m·K at 871℃.

[0039] S2. Constructing a heat insulation layer: The prefabricated, qualified high-strength castable blocks 1 are transported to the site and constructed according to the electrolytic cell structure. They are interlocked using mortise and tenon joints to form a closed annular lining. Precision is controlled during construction to ensure that the slots 103 correspond one-to-one with the cathode steel rod windows, and expansion joints are provided.

[0040] Refractory mortar is used as a binder to seal the joints. Refractory mortar has shrinkage and high temperature resistance properties to prevent high temperature deformation. At the same time, refractory insulation material is filled between the high-strength casting block 1 and the tank to enhance the overall insulation performance.

[0041] S3: Construct a seepage-proof layer inside the insulation layer to complete the lining device.

[0042] This embodiment simplifies the construction process by combining factory prefabrication and on-site masonry, which can shorten the overhaul cycle by 30%-50%. Factory prefabrication ensures the high consistency of the dimensional accuracy and performance indicators (such as density, strength, linear change rate) of each high-strength cast block; and the mortise and tenon structure enhances the overall structure, so that the overall strength of the insulation layer after masonry meets the requirements. Factory prefabrication plus on-site masonry avoids the moisture hazards of traditional casting.

[0043] Example 2: Electrolytic cell lining device with cavity thermal stress management and construction method This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, incorporates high-strength castable block parameter requirements and a cavity thermal stress buffering function to further enhance the durability and adaptability of the lining. The technical effectiveness is demonstrated through specific parameter data.

[0044] Regarding the device structure: like Figure 5 As shown, the electrolytic cell lining device includes all the features of Embodiment 1. The key improvement is that the high-strength casting block 1 has at least one non-penetrating cavity 104 inside. The cavity 104 is formed by processing a core mold and is filled with compressible refractory insulation material (ceramic fiber module in this embodiment) to absorb thermal stress during the operation of the electrolytic cell and prevent the precast block from cracking. The cavity 104 is connected to the outside through at least one process hole 105, which is formed after the fixing rod of the core mold is removed. The process hole 105 serves as a filling channel through which the compressible refractory insulation material is filled into the cavity 104.

[0045] Regarding construction methods: The construction method includes the steps of Example 1, and adds a cavity formation and filling process: Cavity treatment: Mold pretreatment: Drill threaded holes in the side wall or bottom plate of the main mold to match the fixing rod, with the position corresponding to the three-dimensional coordinates of the core mold.

[0046] Mounting Rod 1: Mounting Rod 1 is a metal threaded rod. After being coated with a high-temperature release agent, it extends into the cavity through the threaded hole from the outside of the mold, and the end is fixed with a polystyrene foam core mold.

[0047] Pouring and curing: Pouring and vibrating the high-strength castable, fixing rod 1 to prevent the core mold from shifting; after curing, removing the outer mold, unscrewing the fixing rod 1 to form process hole 105.

[0048] Cavity Formation and Filling: After demolding and before the final baking process, the polystyrene foam core mold of the high-strength casting block needs to be cleaned. Specifically, external hot air is applied into the cavity through the pre-drilled process hole 105, causing the polystyrene foam to melt, decompose, and vaporize, thus forming a clean, regular, and sealed cavity. After baking, the high-strength casting block is allowed to return to room temperature, and then ceramic fibers are filled into the cavity through process hole 105. Finally, refractory mortar or a casting material of the same material is used to seal and fill process hole 105, restoring structural integrity.

[0049] The remaining construction steps are the same as in Example 1, but the inspection process requires additional assurance of the compressibility and high-temperature resistance of the cavity filling material.

[0050] Comparative experimental data: The thermal stress management effect was evaluated through thermal cycling tests. The high-strength castable block with cavity of this invention (as shown in the attached figure) was used.Figure 5 As shown, the cavity 104 (filled with ceramic fiber) and the conventional solid cast block were placed in a simulated electrolytic cell environment (the temperature was repeatedly changed between 900°C and the electrolytic cell shutdown temperature 100 times). Results: The crack incidence rate of the present invention group was 3%, while that of the conventional group was 10%, a relative reduction of 70%. This indicates that the cavity design effectively solves the problem of thermal stress accumulation and extends the service life of the lining.

[0051] This embodiment actively manages thermal stress through cavity design, which can reduce the incidence of lining cracks and extend the life of the electrolytic cell.

[0052] Example 3: Electrolytic cell lining device with intelligent monitoring and construction method like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment, based on embodiment 2, integrates sensing elements to achieve real-time monitoring of the lining status, moving towards intelligent operation and maintenance. The technical effectiveness is demonstrated by monitoring data.

[0053] Regarding the device structure: The electrolytic cell lining device includes all the features of Embodiment 2, and the cavities 104 of several specific high-strength casting blocks 1 are also connected to the outside through at least one process hole 106. The process hole 106 is formed after the fixing rod 2 of the fixed core mold is removed, and serves as a sensing channel. A sensing element 3 (such as a temperature or pressure sensor) is installed inside it, and the probe end is located inside the process hole 106 for real-time monitoring of parameters such as temperature and pressure inside the lining.

[0054] The entire electrolytic cell lining device only needs to set the sensing element 3 at the key position. Therefore, it only needs to set the process hole 2 106 on a few specific high-strength casting blocks 1, and insert the sensing element 3 in the process hole 2 106.

[0055] Regarding construction methods: The construction method includes the steps of Example 2, and adds the sensor element installation process: Sensor installation: The method of forming process hole 2 106 is the same as that of process hole 1 105. It is reserved in the prefabrication stage by fixing rod 2. Fixing rod 2 is a metal threaded rod. After the high-strength casting block 1 is cured, the outer mold is removed and fixing rod 2 is screwed out to form process hole 2 106.

[0056] During installation, the probe of the sensing element 3 is inserted into the cavity through process hole 2 106 and fixed at the bottom of the channel; the wire is led out through process hole 2 106 and sealed with high-temperature sealing putty to ensure high temperature resistance and leak prevention.

[0057] The deployment of sensing elements allows for online monitoring of the lining condition, providing data support for predictive maintenance. During construction, it is essential to ensure the sealing and structural integrity of the sensing channels, and the inspection process must verify the normal functioning of the sensing elements.

[0058] Comparative Experimental Data: To verify the effectiveness of intelligent monitoring, online monitoring comparisons were conducted. The invention group installed sensing elements 3 (as shown in the attached diagram) at key locations. Figure 6 As shown, (through process hole 106), the traditional group relies on periodic manual inspection. During 1000 hours of continuous operation, the invention group detected 2 temperature anomaly warnings in real time, with a response time of less than 1 minute, while the traditional group missed 1 warning, with an average response time of 4 hours. Data shows that the invention increases the lining failure warning rate to 98%, which is better than the traditional method's 80%, achieving predictive maintenance.

[0059] This embodiment achieves seamless integration of manufacturing and function through the multi-functional design of process hole two. It not only improves the thermal stress buffering effect, but also endows the lining with intelligent diagnostic capabilities, which helps to optimize the electrolytic cell operation process and reduce sudden accidents.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lining device for an electrolytic cell, used in an aluminum electrolytic cell, the electrolytic cell having a cell body, the lining device comprising a heat insulation layer and a seepage-proof layer located inside the heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer being constructed around the inner periphery of the cell body to form a square annular enclosure; characterized in that: The insulation layer is constructed from multiple prefabricated high-strength castable blocks (1). The high-strength castable blocks (1) have mortise and tenon structures, which include protrusions (101) and recesses (102). This allows adjacent high-strength castable blocks (1) to be positioned and connected by interlocking with each other during construction, forming a ring-shaped sealed structure to improve sealing and structural integrity.

2. The electrolytic cell lining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the high-strength casting block (1) is provided with a through groove (103) for the cathode steel rod (2) to pass through. The through groove (103) is correspondingly provided with the cathode steel rod (2), and a gap is reserved in the contact part to resist the deformation of the cathode steel rod (2). The gap is filled with refractory mud. A buffer gap is formed between the adjacent high-strength casting blocks (1), and the buffer gap is filled with refractory mud.

3. The electrolytic cell lining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-strength casting block (1) has at least one non-penetrating cavity (104) formed by processing with a core mold. The cavity (104) is filled with compressible refractory insulation material to absorb the thermal stress generated during the operation of the electrolytic cell. The cavity (104) is connected to the outside through at least one process hole (105). The process hole (105) is formed after the fixing rod of the core mold is removed. The process hole (105) serves as a filling channel through which the compressible refractory insulation material is filled into the cavity (104).

4. The electrolytic cell lining device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cavity (104) of a portion of the high-strength casting block (1) is connected to the outside through at least one process hole (106). The process hole (106) is formed after the fixing rod (2) that fixes the core mold is removed. The process hole (106) serves as a sensing channel, and a sensing element (3) for monitoring the state parameters of the lining is installed inside it. The detection end of the sensing element (3) is located inside the process hole (106).

5. A method for constructing an electrolytic cell lining, used for building the lining device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Precast high-strength castable block (1): Through template making, mixing and casting, curing and drying and inspection processes, high-strength castable blocks (1) with mortise and tenon structure that meet the strength requirements are produced. S2, Construction of heat insulation layer: transport the precast high-strength castable block (1) to the site, build it according to the structure of the electrolytic cell, form a ring-shaped closed lining by mortise and tenon structure, and seal the joint with refractory mud. S3. Construct a seepage-proof layer, which is located inside the insulation layer.

6. The method for constructing the lining of an electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the steps of the precast high-strength casting block (1), a release agent is applied to the surface of the template to ensure dimensional accuracy; the mixing and casting adopts a forced mixer, first dry mixing and then adding water for wet mixing, controlling the amount of water added, and casting is carried out in layers, with each layer having a thickness of ≤300mm, and vibrating equipment is used to vibrate until the surface is covered with slurry and free of air bubbles; curing and drying include natural curing and slow drying processes to form ceramic bonding and achieve the strength required for use; the inspection process includes inspecting the bulk density, linear change after heating, compressive strength, flexural strength, thermal conductivity, and chemical composition.

7. The method for constructing an electrolytic cell lining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inspection process must ensure that the parameters of the qualified high-strength castable block (1) meet the following requirements: bulk density ≥ 2.0 g / cm³, linear change after heating is -0.1%~0.4% at 816℃, -0.5%~1.5% at 1260℃, and -0.1%~0.5% at 900℃, compressive strength is 12-25MPa, flexural strength is 1.0-2.5MPa, thermal conductivity is ≤0.54 W / m·K at 204℃, ≤0.58 W / m·K at 429℃, ≤0.64 W / m·K at 649℃, and ≤0.70 W / m·K at 871℃.

8. The method for constructing the lining of an electrolytic cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The high-strength casting block (1) has at least one non-penetrating cavity (104) inside, which is filled with compressible refractory insulation material to absorb the thermal stress generated during the operation of the electrolytic cell; the cavity (104) is connected to the outside through at least one process hole (105), which is formed after the fixing rod of the fixing core mold is removed; the process hole (105) serves as a filling channel through which the compressible refractory insulation material is filled into the cavity (104). The method for forming the cavity (104) and filling it with refractory insulation material is as follows: Mold pretreatment: Threaded holes that mate with the fixing rod are pre-drilled on the side wall or bottom plate of the main mold. The position of the holes corresponds to the three-dimensional coordinates of the core mold in the design. Install fixing rod one: Fixing rod one is a metal threaded rod. Apply a high-efficiency high-temperature release agent or release agent to the surface of the threaded rod, and insert fixing rod one from the outside of the mold through the pre-drilled hole into the cavity; Fixed core mold: The core mold material is polystyrene foam, and the core mold is fixed to one end of a fixing rod that extends into the cavity; Pouring and curing: After fixing, pour and vibrate the high-strength castable; during vibration, the fixing rod can effectively prevent the core mold from shifting or floating. Demolding and rod removal: After initial curing, first remove the outer mold of the main mold; Then, the fixing rod is unscrewed from the hardened casting block; at this time, the fixing rod will leave a through process hole (105) on the precast block. Forming the cavity and processing process hole one (105): The core mold is melted or disassembled and removed through process hole one (105) to form the final cavity; Ceramic fibers are filled into the cavity through process hole one (105); Finally, the process hole (105) left by the fixing rod is carefully filled and sealed with refractory mortar or castable of the same material as the precast block to ensure the restoration of structural integrity.

9. The method for constructing an electrolytic cell lining according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cavity (104) of a portion of the high-strength casting block (1) is connected to the outside through at least one process hole (106). The process hole (106) is formed after the fixing rod (2) that fixes the core mold is removed. The process hole (106) serves as a sensing channel, and a sensing element (3) for monitoring the state parameters of the lining is installed inside it. The detection end of the sensing element (3) is located inside the process hole (106). The method for forming process hole two (106) is the same as that for process hole one (105); The installation method of the sensing element (3) is as follows: the probe of the sensing element (3) is inserted into the cavity through this channel and fixed at the bottom of the process hole two (106), and the wire of the sensing element (3) is led out through the process hole two (106); the wire is sealed by wrapping it with high temperature sealing putty.

Images