Special fiber high draft spinning machine

Abstract

The application discloses a special fiber large-draft spinning machine and relates to the field of textile equipment, which comprises a rack and an inclined surface support, the bottom of the rack is a support frame, the inclined surface support is provided with a roller body, the rack is provided with a roller shaft, the roller shaft penetrates through the roller body, one end of the roller shaft is directly connected with a motor assembly, the bottom of the inclined surface support is provided with a cotton suction pipeline, one end of the cotton suction pipeline is provided with a negative pressure mechanism, the bottom of the roller body is provided with a cotton suction pipe, the outside of the bottom support frame is provided with a motor support frame, the bottom of the motor support frame is provided with a rotating motor, the top of the motor support frame is provided with a ring plate, the outside of the bottom support frame is provided with a moving part, the ring plate is internally provided with a rotating body, the flexible configuration of the direct-connection motor assembly realizes the accurate independent control of the rotating speed of each draft zone, the draft process can be adjusted according to the characteristics of different fibers, the winding drum body is driven by an independent rotating motor, when a winding unit is broken or fails, the normal work of other units is not affected, and the operation efficiency and reliability of the equipment are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile processing equipment technology, specifically to a special fiber high-draft spinning machine. Background Technology

[0002] Specialty fibers (carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid, basalt fiber, high-strength and high-modulus polyethylene, etc.) have different physical and chemical properties from natural fibers, and face unique and severe practical challenges in every step of the traditional spinning process.

[0003] In fiber drafting, existing textile mills typically use a roving frame at the top of the equipment. The roving from the cotton bins on the roving frame is guided to the rollers of the drafting equipment. By setting different speeds, the roving is drafted, and the fiber sliver forms fine yarn. This fine yarn then needs to be wound up. A winding drum is usually located below the rollers. A drive unit rotates the winding drum to wind up the fibers. In mass production, the speed of different rollers on the rollers is adjusted by a drive motor that drives a transmission device, thus adjusting the speed of multiple rollers. The transmission device often uses gears or belts. Simultaneously, the winding drum at the bottom is also driven by a drive unit, which in turn drives multiple winding drums. When rotating the winding fine yarn, because multiple rollers and winding drums are driven by the same drive device during mass production, and because special fibers have characteristics such as high modulus, low elongation, high brittleness, and poor abrasion resistance, fiber bundles and other materials remain at the rollers during fiber drafting, which can easily lead to obstruction during the drafting process. Alternatively, during winding, the existing winding drum is directly fixed to the outside of the drum by the fine yarn fibers. When the drafting process is obstructed, the fine yarn will deviate from the original winding path, and the fine yarn will enter the drum and transmission mechanism, causing winding obstruction. When drafting or winding is obstructed at a certain roller position, it can easily affect the fiber drafting efficiency of the entire drafting equipment. Therefore, we propose a special fiber large drafting spinning machine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a special fiber high-draft spinning machine to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a special fiber high-draft spinning machine, comprising a frame, an inclined support at the top of the frame, and a support frame at the bottom. Multiple roller bodies are sequentially mounted on the inclined support along the fiber travel direction, and multiple roller shafts are mounted on the frame, passing horizontally through the roller bodies. One end of each roller shaft is equipped with a direct-drive motor assembly for independently or synchronously driving its rotation. A cotton suction pipe is provided at the bottom of the inclined support, and a negative pressure mechanism for generating negative pressure is installed at one end of the suction pipe. Each roller body has a suction tube at its bottom that communicates with the suction pipe, for timely removal of accumulated cotton at the roller. A motor bracket is provided outside the bottom support frame. Multiple independently controlled rotary motors are installed at the bottom of the motor bracket. Each rotary motor has a spindle mounted on its output shaft. A take-up cylinder for winding fibers is fitted around the spindle to achieve independent drive for each winding unit. A ring plate that can reciprocate up and down is provided at the top of the motor bracket. The ring plate is fitted around the take-up cylinder. A moving component that drives multiple ring plates to reciprocate synchronously is installed on the outside of the bottom support frame. A rotating body is provided inside the ring plate, and a hook is installed on the top of the rotating body to guide the fibers output from the roller body to the take-up cylinder. The rotating body and the ring plate are connected by an airtight floating connection to reduce friction during fiber winding.

[0006] Preferably, the roller body includes a spring rocker mounted on the inclined surface support. Multiple sets of connecting plates are installed at the bottom of the spring rocker, and pressure rollers are installed on the connecting plates. Each pressure roller and its corresponding roller shaft below it form a fiber drafting jaw for multi-stage drafting of special fiber rovings.

[0007] Preferably, the direct drive motor assembly includes a direct drive motor and a transmission mechanism. The direct drive motor is connected to multiple rollers through the transmission mechanism to ensure that the rotational speeds of multiple rollers within the same roller body are synchronized.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a steering gear mounted on the frame, the input end of the steering gear being connected to the direct drive motor, the output end of the steering gear being connected to a drive shaft, a drive wheel being fitted on the drive shaft, and a driven wheel cooperating with the drive wheel being mounted on the roller shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the moving component includes a lifting motor, the output shaft of which is connected to a rotating roller via a first steering gear, a turbine is mounted on the rotating roller, a vertically arranged lifting rod is rotatably mounted on the bottom support frame, the lifting rod is provided with a worm gear portion that meshes with the turbine, a moving plate is threadedly connected to the lifting rod, and a steel collar plate is fixedly mounted on the moving plate.

[0010] Preferably, a horizontal mounting tube is fixedly installed on the lifting rod, and multiple sets of supports are installed on the horizontal mounting tube. An anti-deviation ring is installed on the support. The anti-deviation ring is located directly below the cotton suction tube and is used to guide the fiber bundle and prevent it from shaking before entering the hook.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating body includes a rotating ring body, the inner ring of the steel collar plate is provided with a rotating ring groove, the outer wall of the rotating ring body is provided with a sealing protrusion that is in clearance fit with the rotating ring groove, and the groove wall of the rotating ring groove is provided with an air hole communicating with an external air source for introducing inert gas between the rotating ring groove and the sealing protrusion to form an air bearing.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the steel collar plate has two mounting holes, and the two ends of the hook are respectively inserted into the two mounting holes and fixed.

[0013] Preferably, the negative pressure mechanism includes a fixed frame installed on the outside of the frame, a cotton suction fan is installed on the fixed frame, the suction end of the cotton suction fan is connected to the cotton suction pipe, and the exhaust end of the cotton suction fan is equipped with an exhaust pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the frame is equipped with a plurality of guide wheels corresponding to the roller body, the outside of the frame is provided with a guide frame, and a plurality of guide strip wheels are horizontally arranged on the guide frame, and the bottom of the guide frame is provided with a cotton tube placement position for placing cotton tubes.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The flexible configuration of the direct drive motor assembly of this invention: The direct drive motor assembly uses multiple direct drive motors to independently drive each roller shaft, realizing precise independent control of the rotation speed of each drafting zone, which facilitates the adjustment of the drafting process according to different fiber characteristics.

[0016] In this invention, each winding drum is driven by an independent rotating motor. When a winding unit breaks or malfunctions, it does not affect the normal operation of other units, greatly improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the equipment.

[0017] This invention uses an air-bearing rotating body with an air-tight structure to replace the traditional wire ring. By introducing inert gas between the rotating ring groove and the sealing protrusion to form an air film, the rotating ring is suspended in the ring plate, achieving contactless rotation. This greatly reduces the frictional resistance during yarn winding, effectively protects high-modulus, low-elongation special fibers, and reduces fuzz and breakage.

[0018] This invention addresses the characteristics of special fibers that are prone to static electricity and attracting fly ash by installing a suction tube connected to a negative pressure system under each roller body. This can promptly remove accumulated fly ash, prevent fibers from tangling around the rollers, and ensure the smooth progress of the drafting process.

[0019] This invention effectively constrains the fiber bundle's path in the drafting and winding zones by setting anti-deviation rings, avoiding yarn deviation caused by airflow interference or mechanical vibration, and improving yarn quality. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the direct drive motor assembly after the housing has been removed. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the direct drive motor assembly and roller structure on the inclined surface support of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the moving part of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partially cut structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the roller body structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor bracket and steel collar plate of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the localized explosion structure; Figure 9 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle; Figure 10 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of region B in the middle; Figure 11 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of region C in the middle; Figure 12 for Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of the region at point D.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Roller body; 3. Roller shaft; 4. Direct drive motor assembly; 5. Suction pipe; 6. Negative pressure mechanism; 7. Motor bracket; 8. Steel collar plate; 9. Moving parts; 10. Transverse mounting pipe; 11. Support; 12. Anti-deviation ring; 13. Guide wheel; 14. Guide frame; 15. Guide strip wheel; 16. Cotton cylinder placement position; 21. Spring rocker arm; 22. Connecting plate; 23. Pressure roller; 41. Direct drive motor; 42. Steering gear; 43. Drive shaft; 44. Drive wheel; 45. Driven wheel 51. Wheel; 62. Suction tube; 73. Fixing frame; 84. Suction fan; 95. Discharge pipe; 106. Rotating motor; 11. Spindle; 12. Winding drum; 13. Rotating ring groove; 14. Mounting hole; 15. Lifting motor; 16. First steering gear; 17. Rotating roller; 18. Turbine; 19. Lifting rod; 102. Moving plate; 103. Inclined surface bracket; 104. Support frame; 105. Rotating ring; 106. Sealing protrusion; 107. Worm gear. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] This invention provides a technical solution: a special fiber high-draft spinning machine, including a frame 1, with an inclined surface support 101 at the top and a support frame 102 at the bottom. The frame 1 serves as the supporting skeleton of the entire equipment and is welded from high-strength metal profiles, possessing good rigidity and stability. The design of the inclined surface support 101 allows the fiber to form a certain encircling arc between each roller body 2, enhancing the control of friction boundary and facilitating the straightening and parallelism of the fiber and the stability of the speed change point. This is particularly important for special fibers with high modulus and low elongation.

[0024] The machine is mainly divided into three functional areas: the upper drafting area, the middle cotton suction and cleaning area, and the lower winding area. The upper drafting area includes roller body 2, roller shaft 3 and direct drive motor assembly 4, which is used for multi-stage drafting of fibers. The middle cotton suction and cleaning area includes cotton suction pipe 5, negative pressure mechanism 6 and cotton suction tube 51, which is used to remove fly and broken yarn generated during the drafting process in a timely manner. The lower winding area includes motor bracket 7, rotating motor 71, spindle 72, take-up drum body 73, ring rail 8 and moving parts 9, which are used to wind the drafted yarn into a cylinder.

[0025] In the overall workflow, during operation, the roving placed in the cotton bobbin placement position 16 is introduced into the roller body 2 via the guide wheel 15 and guide wheel 13. Under the pressure of the spring rocker 21, the pressure roller 23 and roller shaft 3 cooperate to perform multi-stage drafting on the roving. The drafted yarn is guided by the anti-deviation ring 12, passes through the hook 82, and is finally fixed on the take-up drum 73. The rotating motor 71 drives the spindle 72 and the take-up drum 73 to rotate. At the same time, the yarn drives the rotating body 81 to rotate inside the ring plate 8. Meanwhile, the moving part 9 drives the ring plate 8 to move up and down reciprocally, so that the yarn is evenly wound on the take-up drum 73 to form a package yarn. Throughout the process, the negative pressure mechanism 6 continuously sucks away fly and broken yarn near the roller body 2 through the cotton suction tube 51 to ensure the cleanliness of the spinning environment.

[0026] The roller body and its drafting working principle: Multiple roller bodies 2 are sequentially installed on the inclined support 101 along the fiber travel direction. Each roller body 2 includes a spring rocker 21 installed on the inclined support 101. Multiple sets of connecting plates 22 are installed at the bottom of the spring rocker 21, and pressure rollers 23 are installed on the connecting plates 22. Multiple roller shafts 3 are installed on the frame 1. The multiple roller shafts 3 pass horizontally through the roller body 2. Each pressure roller 23 and its corresponding roller shaft 3 below it form a fiber drafting jaw, which is used for multi-stage drafting of special fiber rovings.

[0027] During drafting, the roving is drawn out from the bobbin placement position 16 and guided into the roller body 2 via the guide wheel 15 and guide wheel 13. Under the pressure applied by the spring rocker 21, the pressure roller 23 and the roller shaft 3 are tightly engaged to form a gripping jaw. Since multiple sets of pressure rollers 23 and roller shafts 3 are arranged sequentially along the fiber travel direction, and the rotation speed of each set of roller shafts 3 can be adjusted independently or synchronously, the fiber is subjected to different speeds of stretching when passing through each set of jaws, thereby achieving multi-stage drafting. This multi-stage drafting method can achieve a high total drafting ratio, meeting the process requirements of large drafting for special fibers. At the same time, the design of the inclined surface support 101 makes the fiber form a certain encircling arc between each roller body 2, which enhances the control of friction boundary and is conducive to the straightening and parallelism of the fiber and the stability of the speed change point.

[0028] The configuration and use of the direct drive motor assembly: A direct drive motor assembly 4 is installed at one end of the roller 3. The direct drive motor assembly 4 includes a direct drive motor 41 and a transmission mechanism. One direct drive motor 41 drives multiple rollers 3 simultaneously through the transmission mechanism to ensure that the speed of multiple rollers 3 in the same roller body 2 is synchronized. The specific structure of the transmission mechanism is as follows: a steering gear 42 is installed on the frame 1. The input end of the steering gear 42 is connected to the direct drive motor 41. The output end of the steering gear 42 is connected to the transmission shaft 43. A drive wheel 44 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 43. A driven wheel 45 that cooperates with the drive wheel 44 is installed on the roller 3.

[0029] When in use, the direct drive motor 41 is started, and its output rotational power is transmitted to the drive shaft 43 via the steering gear 42, causing the drive shaft 43 to drive the drive wheel 44 to rotate. Because the drive wheel 44 and the driven wheel 45 mesh with each other, the driven wheel 45 is driven to rotate synchronously when the drive shaft 43 drives the drive wheel 44 to rotate. Since the driven wheel 45 is fixedly mounted on the roller shaft 3, it drives each roller shaft 3 to rotate synchronously. By adjusting the speed of the direct drive motor 41, the speed of all roller shafts 3 can be precisely controlled, thereby realizing the adjustment of the drafting ratio. For some occasions that require independent adjustment, multiple direct drive motors can be used to drive each roller shaft 3 independently. Each roller shaft 3 corresponds to one direct drive motor 41. By independently controlling the speed of each motor, precise speed adjustment of each drafting zone can be achieved to meet the personalized drafting process requirements of different fibers.

[0030] During fiber drafting, if drafting is obstructed at a certain roller 2, in synchronous drive mode, since the rollers 3 of each roller 2 are synchronously controlled by the same drive system, the overall drafting speed can be adjusted, avoiding the impact of local failure on the operation of the whole machine; in independent drive mode, the speed of the roller 3 corresponding to that roller 2 can be adjusted separately for local adjustment without affecting the normal operation of other drafting zones. At the same time, the independent rotating motor 71 drives the winding drum 73, so that the winding unit and the drafting unit form a flexible connection, further improving the fault tolerance of the system.

[0031] During operation, the roving placed in the cotton bobbin placement position 16 is introduced into the roller body 2 via the guide wheel 15 and the guide wheel 13. Under the pressure of the spring rocker 21, the pressure roller 23 and the roller shaft 3 cooperate to perform multi-stage drafting on the roving. The drafted yarn is guided by the anti-deviation ring 12, passes through the hook 82, and is finally fixed on the take-up drum 73.

[0032] Specifically, the first set of pressure rollers 23 and roller shafts 3 form a lower jaw speed, the second set has a higher speed, and the third set has an even higher speed. When the fiber enters the next set of jaws from the previous set of jaws, the fiber is stretched and undergoes stretching deformation because the speed of the next set of jaws is greater than that of the previous set. By adjusting the rotational speed ratio of each set of roller shafts 3, the total stretching ratio and the stretching distribution of each zone can be precisely controlled. This multi-stage stretching method can achieve a total stretching ratio of more than 50 times, meeting the process requirements of large stretching for special fibers. At the same time, due to the use of multi-stage stretching, the stretching ratio of each zone is smaller, the fiber is subjected to uniform force, and it is not easy to cause accidental stretching or fiber damage.

[0033] When the rotary motor 71 is started, it drives the spindle 72 and the take-up drum 73 to rotate at a set speed. At the same time, the yarn drives the rotating body 81 to rotate at high speed and without friction within the ring plate 8. The lifting motor 91 is started, and through the worm gear 951 of the worm wheel 94, it drives the lifting rod 95 to rotate, which in turn drives the moving plate 96 and the ring plate 8 to move up and down reciprocally, so that the yarn is evenly wound on the take-up drum 73 to form a package yarn that meets the requirements.

[0034] Throughout the process, the negative pressure mechanism 6 operates continuously, generating negative pressure near the roller body 2 through the cotton suction pipe 5 and the cotton suction tube 51, sucking away fly and broken yarn, and keeping the spinning environment clean.

[0035] The working principle of the negative pressure mechanism (6) is based on airflow negative pressure adsorption technology. After the cotton suction fan (62) is started, a continuous negative pressure is generated in the cotton suction pipe (5). A directional airflow is formed at the suction port of each cotton suction pipe (51). The end of the cotton suction pipe (51) facing the pressure roller (23) is provided with an inclined notch (511) to expand the suction range and effectively capture short fibers and fly filaments at the roller nip. The impurities sucked in are collected through the cotton suction pipe (5), sucked in by the cotton suction fan (62), and discharged to the centralized collection device through the discharge pipe (63).

[0036] Before starting the machine, check whether the suction pipe (51) is aligned with the roller jaws; keep the suction fan (62) running continuously during equipment operation; adjust the fan speed according to the fiber type to control the negative pressure; clean the discharge pipe (63) and collection device regularly to prevent blockage; for special fibers that are prone to static electricity, ensure that the suction system is reliably grounded to eliminate fire hazards.

[0037] The bottom of the inclined support 101 is provided with a cotton suction pipe 5. One end of the cotton suction pipe 5 is equipped with a negative pressure mechanism 6. The negative pressure mechanism 6 includes a fixed frame 61 installed on the outside of the frame 1. A cotton suction fan 62 is installed on the fixed frame 61. The suction end of the cotton suction fan 62 is connected to the cotton suction pipe 5. The exhaust end of the cotton suction fan 62 is equipped with a discharge pipe 63. The bottom of each roller body 2 is provided with a cotton suction pipe 51 that communicates with the cotton suction pipe 5. This is used to remove accumulated cotton at the roller in a timely manner. An inclined notch 511 can be provided at the end of the cotton suction pipe 51 facing the pressure roller 23 to enlarge the suction port and more effectively suck away short fibers and fly waste at the roller jaws.

[0038] When a winding unit completes a full roll, the control system can automatically stop the rotating motor 71 and lifting motor 91 of that unit, and issue an alarm to prompt the operator to replace the winding drum 73. After the replacement is completed, the unit is restarted to continue production. During this process, other units can continue to operate normally without interfering with each other.

[0039] Because the drafting unit is driven synchronously by the direct drive motor assembly 4, the winding unit is driven by the independently controlled rotary motor 71, and the ring rail 8 is driven by the independent moving part 9, a flexible connection is formed between the systems. When a problem occurs in one place, it can be handled separately without affecting the normal production of other units, which greatly improves the adaptability and production efficiency of special fiber spinning.

[0040] In the negative pressure cleaning process, the bottom of the inclined support 101 is provided with a cotton suction pipe 5. One end of the cotton suction pipe 5 is equipped with a negative pressure mechanism 6. The negative pressure mechanism 6 includes a fixed frame 61 installed on the outside of the frame 1. A cotton suction fan 62 is installed on the fixed frame 61. The suction end of the cotton suction fan 62 is connected to the cotton suction pipe 5. The exhaust end of the cotton suction fan 62 is equipped with a discharge pipe 63. The bottom of each roller body 2 is provided with a cotton suction pipe 51 that communicates with the cotton suction pipe 5. This is used to remove the accumulated cotton at the roller in a timely manner. An inclined notch 511 can be set at the end of the cotton suction pipe 51 facing the pressure roller 23 to enlarge the suction port and more effectively suck away the short fibers and fly waste at the roller jaws.

[0041] The independently driven winding unit has a motor bracket 7 on the outside of the bottom support frame 102. Multiple independently controlled rotary motors 71 are installed at the bottom of the motor bracket 7. Each rotary motor 71 has a spindle 72 installed on its output shaft. A winding cylinder 73 is sleeved on the outside of the spindle 72. This independent drive method realizes independent control of each winding unit. When a winding unit breaks or malfunctions, it does not affect the normal operation of other units, which greatly improves the operating efficiency and reliability of the equipment.

[0042] The moving parts and the reciprocating motion mechanism of the steel ring plate are provided. The top of the motor bracket 7 is provided with a steel ring plate 8 that can move up and down. The steel ring plate 8 is sleeved on the outside of the winding drum 73. The bottom support frame 102 is equipped with a moving part 9 that drives multiple steel ring plates 8 to reciprocate synchronously.

[0043] The specific structure and movement of the moving part 9 are as follows: The moving part 9 includes a lifting motor 91. The output shaft of the lifting motor 91 is connected to a rotating roller 93 through a first steering gear 92. A turbine 94 is installed on the rotating roller 93. A vertically arranged lifting rod 95 is rotatably installed on the bottom support frame 102. The lifting rod 95 is provided with a worm gear part 951 that meshes with the turbine 94. A moving plate 96 is threadedly connected to the lifting rod 95. A steel collar plate 8 is fixedly installed on the moving plate 96.

[0044] The process is as follows: After the lifting motor 91 starts, its output shaft drives the first steering gear 92 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating roller 93 to rotate. The turbine 94 on the rotating roller 93 meshes with the worm gear 951 on the lifting rod 95, converting the rotational motion into the rotation of the lifting rod 95. Since the lifting rod 95 is threadedly connected to the moving plate 96, and the moving plate 96 is restricted from rotating by the guide of the ring rail 8 and the motor bracket 7, the rotation of the lifting rod 95 drives the moving plate 96 to move up and down in a straight line along the axis of the lifting rod 95. The moving plate 96 drives the ring rail 8 to move up and down synchronously, so that the yarn is evenly distributed on the entire length of the winding drum 73 during the winding process, forming a roll shape that meets the requirements. By controlling the direction and speed of the lifting motor 91, the reciprocating stroke and speed of the ring rail 8 can be precisely adjusted to adapt to the process requirements of different twist and winding density.

[0045] A horizontal mounting tube 10 is also fixedly installed on the lifting rod 95. Multiple sets of supports 11 are installed on the horizontal mounting tube 10, and anti-deviation rings 12 are installed on the supports 11. The anti-deviation rings 12 are located directly below the cotton suction tube 51 and are used to guide the fiber bundle output from the roller body 2 to prevent it from shaking due to airflow interference or mechanical vibration before entering the hook 82, thus ensuring the stability of the spinning process.

[0046] The rotating body and air bearing structure includes a rotating body 81 inside the steel ring plate 8. A hook 82 is installed on the top of the rotating body 81 to guide the fibers output from the roller body 2 to the take-up drum body 73. The specific structure of the rotating body 81 is as follows: it includes a rotating ring body 811. The inner ring of the steel ring plate 8 is provided with a rotating ring groove 83. The outer wall of the rotating ring body 811 is provided with a sealing protrusion 812 that is clearance-fitted with the rotating ring groove 83. The groove wall of the rotating ring groove 83 is provided with an air hole that communicates with an external air source to introduce inert gas between the rotating ring groove 83 and the sealing protrusion 812 to form an air bearing.

[0047] Air holes are opened on the groove wall of the rotating ring groove 83 to form multiple independent air inlet points. Each group of air holes can be connected to different air source channels. By adjusting the air inlet pressure of each channel, the distribution of air film pressure along the circumferential direction can be controlled, thereby generating air film stiffness and improving the load-bearing capacity and operational stability of the rotating ring 811.

[0048] Meanwhile, the surface of the sealing protrusion 812 can be machined with tiny spiral grooves or stepped grooves. Utilizing the gas dynamic pressure effect, additional dynamic pressure bearing force is generated when the rotating ring 811 rotates, further improving the bearing capacity. This hybrid dynamic and static pressure air bearing design can improve the bearing capacity and rigidity while ensuring low friction, making it suitable for high-speed, heavy-load spinning applications.

[0049] The fit clearance between the rotating annular groove 83 and the sealing protrusion 812 is precisely calculated and machined to ensure that a stable air film can be formed under various working conditions. If the clearance is too large, the air film stiffness will be insufficient and the load-bearing capacity will decrease; if the clearance is too small, contact friction will easily occur, losing the advantage of contactless rotation. The fit clearance is controlled within the range of 0.02-0.03mm, which takes into account both air film stiffness and reliability.

[0050] The working principle of the air bearing is as follows: An external air source (such as compressed air or inert gas such as nitrogen) enters the rotating ring groove 83 through the air hole. A gas film with a certain pressure is formed in the tiny gap between the sealing protrusion 812 and the rotating ring groove 83. This gas film suspends the rotating ring 811 in the steel ring plate 8, so that the rotating ring 811 and the steel ring plate 8 can achieve non-contact relative motion. When the fiber drives the hook 82 to rotate, the rotating ring 811 rotates accordingly. However, due to the isolation effect of the gas film, there is no direct mechanical friction between the rotating ring 811 and the steel ring plate 8. Therefore, the frictional resistance is extremely small and can be almost ignored.

[0051] The top of the steel collar plate 8 has two mounting holes 84. The two ends of the hook 82 are inserted into the two mounting holes 84 respectively and fixed to ensure that the hook 82 is stable and reliable when guiding the fibers.

[0052] The design of this rotating body 81 completely eliminates the sliding friction between the traditional steel ring and the steel wire ring, greatly reducing the frictional resistance during yarn winding, effectively protecting the high modulus and low elongation special fibers, reducing fuzz and breakage. At the same time, due to the significant reduction in frictional heat, it also improves the stability and service life during high-speed operation.

[0053] In the overall workflow, during operation, the roving placed in the cotton bobbin placement position 16 is introduced into the roller body 2 via the guide wheel 15 and guide wheel 13. Under the pressure of the spring rocker 21, the pressure roller 23 and roller shaft 3 cooperate to perform multi-stage drafting on the roving. The drafted yarn is guided by the anti-deviation ring 12, passes through the hook 82, and is finally fixed on the take-up drum 73. The rotating motor 71 drives the spindle 72 and the take-up drum 73 to rotate. At the same time, the yarn drives the rotating body 81 to rotate inside the ring plate 8. Meanwhile, the moving part 9 drives the ring plate 8 to move up and down reciprocally, so that the yarn is evenly wound on the take-up drum 73 to form a package yarn. Throughout the process, the negative pressure mechanism 6 continuously sucks away fly and broken yarn near the roller body 2 through the cotton suction tube 51 to ensure the cleanliness of the spinning environment.

[0054] Because the drafting unit is driven by a direct-drive motor assembly 4, the winding unit is driven by an independently controlled rotary motor 71, and the ring rail 8 is driven by an independent moving part 9, a flexible connection is formed between the systems. When a problem occurs in one place, it can be handled separately without affecting the normal production of other units, which greatly improves the adaptability and production efficiency of special fiber spinning.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0056] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A special fiber high-draft spinning machine, comprising a frame (1), the top of the frame (1) being an inclined support (101), and the bottom being a support frame (102), characterized in that: Multiple roller bodies (2) are sequentially installed on the inclined support (101) along the fiber travel direction, and multiple roller shafts (3) are installed on the frame (1). The multiple roller shafts (3) pass horizontally through the roller bodies (2), and a direct drive motor assembly (4) is installed at one end of the roller shafts (3). The bottom of the inclined surface support (101) is provided with a cotton suction pipe (5), and a negative pressure mechanism (6) is installed at one end of the cotton suction pipe (5). The bottom of each roller body (2) is provided with a cotton suction tube (51) that communicates with the cotton suction pipe (5). The bottom support frame (102) is provided with a motor bracket (7) on the outside. Multiple independently controlled rotating motors (71) are installed at the bottom of the motor bracket (7). Each rotating motor (71) has a spindle (72) on its output shaft. A winding drum (73) is sleeved on the outside of the spindle (72). A steel ring plate (8) that can move up and down is provided on the top of the motor bracket (7). The steel ring plate (8) is sleeved on the outside of the winding drum (73). A moving part (9) that drives multiple steel ring plates (8) to move back and forth synchronously is installed on the outside of the bottom support frame (102). A rotating body (81) is provided inside the steel ring plate (8), and a hook (82) is provided on the top of the rotating body (81). The rotating body (81) and the steel ring plate (8) are connected by an airtight floating connection.

2. The special fiber high-draft spinning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller body (2) includes a spring rocker (21) mounted on an inclined support (101). Multiple sets of connecting plates (22) are mounted on the bottom of the spring rocker (21), and pressure rollers (23) are mounted on the connecting plates (22). Each pressure roller (23) and its corresponding roller shaft (3) below it form a fiber drafting jaw for multi-stage drafting of special fiber rovings.

3. A special fiber high-draft spinning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The direct drive motor assembly (4) includes a direct drive motor (41) and a transmission mechanism. The direct drive motor (41) is connected to multiple rollers (3) through the transmission mechanism to ensure that the multiple rollers (3) in the same roller body (2) rotate at the same speed.

4. A special fiber high-draft spinning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a steering gear (42) mounted on the frame (1). The input end of the steering gear (42) is connected to the direct drive motor (41). The output end of the steering gear (42) is connected to a drive shaft (43). A drive wheel (44) is sleeved on the drive shaft (43). A driven wheel (45) that cooperates with the drive wheel (44) is mounted on the roller (3).

5. A special fiber high-draft spinning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving part (9) includes a lifting motor (91), the output shaft of which is connected to a rotating roller (93) via a first steering gear (92), a turbine (94) is mounted on the rotating roller (93), a vertically arranged lifting rod (95) is mounted on the bottom support frame (102), a worm gear (951) meshing with the turbine (94) is provided on the lifting rod (95), a moving plate (96) is threadedly connected to the lifting rod (95), and a steel collar plate (8) is fixedly mounted on the moving plate (96).

6. A special fiber high-draft spinning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A horizontal mounting tube (10) is fixedly installed on the lifting rod (95). Multiple sets of supports (11) are installed on the horizontal mounting tube (10), and anti-deviation rings (12) are installed on the supports (11). The anti-deviation rings (12) are located directly below the cotton suction tube (51).

7. A special fiber high-draft spinning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating body (81) includes a rotating ring body (811), the inner ring of the steel collar plate (8) is provided with a rotating ring groove (83), the outer wall of the rotating ring body (811) is provided with a sealing protrusion (812) that is in clearance fit with the rotating ring groove (83), and the groove wall of the rotating ring groove (83) is provided with an air hole that communicates with an external air source, for introducing inert gas between the rotating ring groove (83) and the sealing protrusion (812) to form an air bearing.

8. A special fiber high-draft spinning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the steel collar plate (8) has two mounting holes (84), and the two ends of the hook (82) are inserted into the two mounting holes (84) and fixed.

9. A special fiber high-draft spinning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure mechanism (6) includes a fixed frame (61) installed on the outside of the frame (1), a cotton suction fan (62) is installed on the fixed frame (61), the suction end of the cotton suction fan (62) is connected to the cotton suction pipe (5), and the exhaust end of the cotton suction fan (62) is equipped with an exhaust pipe (63).

10. A special fiber high-draft spinning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the frame (1) is equipped with a number of guide wheels (13) corresponding to the roller body (2). The outside of the frame (1) is provided with a guide frame (14), and a number of guide strip wheels (15) are horizontally arranged on the guide frame (14). The bottom of the guide frame (14) is provided with a cotton tube placement position (16) for placing cotton tubes.

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