Highway new and old bridge splicing single-column pier cap beam construction device and method
By establishing a prefabricated construction device with a self-balancing mechanical system on the bridge, the problems of long construction period, high material cost and traffic interference in the construction of bridge cap beams have been solved, and the splicing of new and old bridges has been achieved quickly, economically and accurately.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CCCC SHEC FOURTH ENG
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
During the construction of existing bridge cap beams, the erection and dismantling of temporary support systems are time-consuming and labor-intensive, with long construction cycles, high costs for renting and transporting support materials, occupation of space under the bridge, and impact on road traffic. In particular, construction organization is difficult in the context of highways, and uneven settlement of the supports leads to inaccurate control of elevation and alignment, affecting construction quality.
The prefabricated and modular construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges is adopted. It consists of a self-balancing mechanical system composed of steel clamps, steel bars, I-beam pad beams, main beams, sand cylinders and mechanical jacks. The load-bearing foundation is directly established on the existing bridge. The sand cylinders and mechanical jacks between the steel clamps and the main beams counteract the torque and form a stable construction platform.
Shortening the construction period, saving on support material costs, reducing traffic disruption under the bridge, and achieving precise control over the smooth splicing quality of the new and old structures are all in line with the concept of green construction.
Smart Images
Figure CN122105993A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge reconstruction and expansion engineering construction technology, specifically to a construction device and method for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges. Background Technology
[0002] Widening and upgrading highway bridges is a major means of improving traffic capacity. The reliable splicing of the substructure of the old and new bridges, especially the integral construction of the single-column pier cap beam, is the key to ensuring the overall stress performance and safety of the expanded bridge, which is technically challenging. At present, such construction usually adopts the traditional scaffolding cast-in-place method. Specifically, it is necessary to first install rebar at the predetermined position of the existing old bridge cap beam, and then erect a large-scale full-span steel pipe scaffold or steel support system under the bridge to bear the weight of the newly poured cap beam concrete and the construction load. The formwork installation, rebar binding and concrete pouring are then completed on this support system.
[0003] For example, patent CN109162210A discloses a method for constructing new pile foundations for bridge repair, reinforcement, or widening and expansion. This method utilizes a new pile cap to connect the new pile foundations with the original bridge pile foundations, and employs a counter-pressure technology to eliminate settlement of the new pile foundations, achieving the goal of shared stress between the new and original pile foundations. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Constructing new pile foundations on both sides of the original bridge pile foundations; Step 2: Constructing a new pile cap to connect the original and new pile foundations, with the pile head not yet poured, leaving a counter-pressure groove; Step 3: Applying counter-pressure to the top of the new pile foundation using a reaction device to eliminate settlement, allowing the new and original pile foundations to share stress; Step 4: Once the new pile foundations no longer settle, pouring concrete into the counter-pressure groove, and removing the reaction device after the required curing time, completing the construction of the new pile foundations.
[0004] For example, patent CN215629489U discloses a connection device for new and old beams, which is used to solve the problem of connecting new and old beams in the construction of bridge reconstruction and expansion. The device includes new and old beams, and a clamping plate assembly that holds the gap between the new and old beams. The clamping plate assembly includes an upper perforated steel plate, a lower perforated steel plate, prestressed steel bars, and anchor heads. Two sets of perforations are respectively set on the upper and lower perforated steel plates, with two perforations in each set. The two pairs of prestressed steel bars are arranged diagonally and crosswise, and are prestressed and tightened by anchor heads on the upper and lower perforated steel plates, so that the upper and lower perforated steel plates are clamped between the new and old beams. Through the steel plates, stiffening ribs, and prestressed steel bars, the upper and lower top plates of the new and old beams are mechanically connected, ensuring the integrity and wholeness of the old beams, as well as ensuring the safety during construction.
[0005] However, during the construction of some existing bridge cap beams, the temporary support system is time-consuming and labor-intensive to erect and dismantle, with a long construction period. In addition, the rental and transportation costs of a large amount of support materials are high, and the supports occupy a lot of space under the bridge, which seriously interferes with the traffic or site utilization of the existing roads under the bridge. Especially in the environment of operating highways, construction organization is difficult. Furthermore, the uneven settlement of the support foundation and the elastic and inelastic deformation of the support itself are difficult to control and compensate for precisely, which can easily lead to inaccurate control of the elevation and alignment of the newly poured cap beams, affecting the construction quality.
[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for innovative designs based on existing highway bridge construction equipment. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a construction device and method for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. In the construction of existing bridge cap beams, the temporary support system is time-consuming and labor-intensive to erect and dismantle, the construction period is long, and the rental and transportation costs of a large number of support materials are high. The support needs to occupy a lot of space under the bridge, which seriously interferes with the traffic or site utilization of the existing road under the bridge. Especially in the environment of an operating highway, the construction organization is difficult. In addition, the uneven settlement of the support foundation and the elastic and inelastic deformation of the support itself are difficult to control and compensate for precisely, which can easily lead to inaccurate control of the elevation and alignment of the newly poured cap beam, affecting the construction quality.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges, comprising a newly constructed bridge pier parallel to the existing bridge pier, the existing bridge pier being fitted with steel clamps, a steel bar being fixed through the newly constructed bridge pier, and three-section I-beam pad beams being erected and fixed above the steel bar and steel clamps, with two sets of three-section I-beam pad beams symmetrically arranged about the existing bridge pier; a sand cylinder for support and reinforcement is erected on the upper surface of the three-section I-beam pad beams, and a main beam is fixed above the sand cylinder, with two sets of main beams symmetrically arranged about the newly constructed bridge pier; multiple I-beam distribution beams are vertically erected on the upper surface of the two sets of main beams, and frames with the same orientation are fixed on the multiple I-beam distribution beams, with two sets of frames symmetrically arranged about the newly constructed bridge pier; and a template for assisting in the construction of the new bridge cap beam is set between the two sets of frames.
[0009] Preferably, the steel clamp is tightly anchored to the existing bridge pier with high-strength bolts, and the highest point of the steel clamp is on the same plane as the highest point of the steel bar.
[0010] Preferably, a friction pad is provided between the steel clamp and the existing bridge pier to disperse local pressure and improve anchoring reliability.
[0011] Preferably, the existing bridge piers are provided with multiple reinforcing bars at equal intervals, and the reinforcing bars are supported on the lower surface of the steel clamps.
[0012] Preferably, the main beam is arranged parallel to the top of the three-section I-beam pad beam, and the length direction of the main beam and the three-section I-beam pad beam is perpendicular to the bridge erection direction.
[0013] Preferably, the two sets of main beams are connected by threaded fasteners, and multiple sets of threaded fasteners are vertically arranged on the two sets of main beams.
[0014] Preferably, a mechanical jack is fixed to the upper surface of the main beam, and the output end of the mechanical jack is supported on the lower surface of the existing bridge cap beam.
[0015] Preferably, multiple I-beam distribution beams are provided on both sides of the newly built bridge pier, and multiple I-beam distribution beams on one side of the newly built bridge pier are supported at the bottom of the scaffolding and formwork.
[0016] Preferably, the template includes steel side molds that fit and support the inclined surface of the frame, and a steel bottom mold is provided between the two sets of steel side molds. The steel bottom mold is erected on the upper surface of the I-beam distribution beam.
[0017] A method for constructing cap beams for splicing new and old highway bridges using a single-column pier, employing the aforementioned construction device for cap beams on new and old highway bridges, includes the following construction method: S1. Establish a load-bearing foundation by anchoring steel clamps to the outside of existing bridge piers and fixing steel bars through the new bridge piers to directly transfer subsequent loads to both the new and existing bridge piers.
[0018] S2. Establish a load-bearing frame, and install fixed three-section I-beam pad beams on steel clamps and steel bars, and set the main beam directly above the three-section I-beam pad beams.
[0019] S3. Vertical adjustment and reinforcement: Sand cylinders are installed between the three-section I-beam pad beam and the main beam for reinforcement, and mechanical jacks are installed between the main beam and the existing bridge cap beam for reinforcement to offset the torque generated by the newly built bridge cap beam.
[0020] S4. Formwork construction: Multiple I-beam distribution beams are erected on the main beam. Then, a frame is fixed on the surface of the I-beam distribution beams to provide a stable and deformation-free construction platform for the new cap beam formwork. Finally, a formwork is set between the two sets of frames to assist in the construction of the new bridge cap beam.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges eliminates the cumbersome process of erecting and dismantling a large number of scaffolds or supports from the ground up. The device adopts an assembled and modular design, which allows for fast installation and dismantling, greatly shortening the construction period. At the same time, it saves a lot of costs for the rental, transportation and erection of support materials, resulting in significant economic benefits.
[0022] Sand cylinders are installed between the steel clamps on the existing bridge piers and the main beam, and mechanical jacks are installed between the main beam and the existing bridge cap beam. These form vertical reaction forces, which can effectively offset the moment generated by the new bridge cap beam and effectively transfer the generated force to the existing bridge piers and cap beam, forming a self-balancing mechanical system. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to erect external supports from the ground. The entire construction device is mainly attached to the existing bridge piers and the existing bridge cap beam area, and hardly extends beyond the projection area under the bridge. It basically does not affect the normal traffic or site use of the road under the bridge, and is suitable for highway reconstruction and expansion scenarios with heavy traffic and limited space.
[0023] The rigid support of the main beam, I-beam distribution beams, and scaffolding provides an extremely stable construction platform with minimal deformation for the formwork of the new cap beam. The elevation and alignment can be actively and precisely controlled, effectively overcoming the construction errors caused by the settlement and deformation of traditional supports, and ensuring the smooth splicing quality of the new and old structures.
[0024] The construction equipment can be adapted to different pier and cap beam sizes, making it highly versatile. At the same time, it reduces material consumption and construction waste from temporary projects, which aligns with the concept of green construction. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the construction device of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the construction device of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-section I-beam pad beam structure of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main beam structure of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the steel clamp structure of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the friction pad structure of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the I-beam distribution beam structure of the present invention.
[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the steel side mold and steel bottom mold structure of the present invention.
[0034] In the diagram: 1. Steel clamp; 2. Three-section I-beam support beam; 3. Steel bar; 4. Sand cylinder; 5. Main beam; 6. Tie rod; 7. I-beam distribution beam; 8. Frame; 9. Formwork; 91. Steel side formwork; 92. Steel bottom formwork; 10. High-strength bolts; 11. Rebar; 12. Mechanical jack; 13. Friction pad. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0036] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 9 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges, comprising a new bridge pier erected parallel to the existing bridge pier, a steel clamp 1 fitted on the outside of the existing bridge pier, a steel bar 3 fixed through the new bridge pier, a three-section I-beam pad beam 2 erected and fixed above the steel bar 3 and the steel clamp 1, two sets of the three-section I-beam pad beam 2 symmetrically arranged about the existing bridge pier; a sand cylinder 4 for support and reinforcement is erected on the upper surface of the three-section I-beam pad beam 2, a main beam 5 is fixed above the sand cylinder 4, two sets of the main beam 5 are symmetrically arranged about the new bridge pier, multiple I-beam distribution beams 7 are vertically erected on the upper surface of the two sets of main beams 5, and a frame 8 with the same orientation is fixed on the multiple I-beam distribution beams 7, two sets of the frame 8 are symmetrically arranged about the new bridge pier, and a template 9 for assisting in the construction of the new bridge cap beam is set between the two sets of frame 8.
[0037] Please see Figure 3 - Figure 6 The steel clamp 1 is tightly anchored to the existing bridge pier using high-strength bolts 10, and the highest point of the steel clamp 1 is on the same plane as the highest point of the steel bar 3. A friction pad 13 is installed between the steel clamp 1 and the existing bridge pier to distribute local pressure and improve the reliability of the anchorage. Multiple reinforcing bars 11 are installed at equal intervals through the existing bridge pier, and the reinforcing bars 11 are supported on the lower surface of the steel clamp 1.
[0038] Please see Figure 2 - Figure 7 The main beam 5 is positioned parallel to the three-section I-beam support beam 2 directly above it, and the length directions of both the main beam 5 and the three-section I-beam support beam 2 are perpendicular to the bridge erection direction. The two sets of main beams 5 are connected by threaded tie rods 6, with multiple sets of tie rods 6 vertically installed on both sets of main beams 5. Mechanical jacks 12 are fixed to the upper surface of the main beam 5, and the output ends of the mechanical jacks 12 are supported on the lower surface of the existing bridge cap beam.
[0039] Please see Figure 7 - Figure 9 Multiple I-beam distribution beams 7 are installed on both sides of the newly built bridge pier, and multiple I-beam distribution beams 7 on one side of the newly built bridge pier are supported at the bottom of the frame 8 and the formwork 9. The formwork 9 includes steel side molds 91 that fit and support the inclined surface of the frame 8, and a steel bottom mold 92 is set between the two sets of steel side molds 91. The steel bottom mold 92 is erected on the upper surface of the I-beam distribution beams 7.
[0040] During construction, multiple sets of rebars 11 are first installed through the existing bridge piers. Steel clamps 1 are installed above the rebars 11 and are stably anchored to the outside of the existing bridge piers by high-strength bolts 10. The rebars 11 are supported below them to maintain their stability. Next, steel bars 3 are installed through the new bridge piers. The highest point of the steel bars 3 is level with the highest point of the steel clamps 1. Two sets of three-section I-beam pad beams 2 are erected on the steel bars 3 and steel clamps 1. The two sets of three-section I-beam pad beams 2 are located on both sides of the new bridge piers. The main beams 5 are erected directly above the three-section I-beam pad beams 2 by sand cylinders 4. Two sets of main beams 5 are set on both sides of the new bridge piers. In order to reinforce the two sets of main beams 5, tie rods 6 are used to reinforce the two sets of main beams 5, so that they are firmly pressed on both sides of the new bridge piers and the existing bridge piers, providing a stable foundation for the subsequent bridge expansion construction.
[0041] Multiple I-beam distribution beams 7 are erected above the main beam 5. Frames 8 are fixed above the I-beam distribution beams 7. Two sets of frames 8 are symmetrically distributed about the new bridge piers. Then, a template 9 is set between the two sets of frames 8. The steel side molds 91 in the template 9 are fitted and erected on the inclined surface of the frames 8, and the steel bottom mold 92 is erected on the I-beam distribution beams 7. The template 9 is structurally stable. Workers construct the new bridge cap beam in the template 9, thus expanding the existing bridge cap beam.
[0042] Mechanical jacks 12 are installed between the main beam 5 and the existing bridge cap beam. During construction, the load-bearing capacity can be offset by adjusting the mechanical jacks 12, which can effectively offset the moment generated by the new bridge cap beam and effectively transfer the generated force to the existing bridge piers and cap beam, forming a self-balancing mechanical system, thus eliminating the need to erect external supports from the ground.
[0043] To improve anchoring reliability and distribute local pressure, a friction pad 13 is installed between the inner side of the steel clamp 1 and the existing bridge pier. The friction pad 13 can be made of rubber or composite friction material. In addition, a rebar 11 can be inserted through the existing bridge pier to support the bottom of the steel clamp 1, providing additional shear and pull-out protection.
[0044] Example 2: Based on Example 1, a construction method for a single-column pier cap beam for splicing new and old highway bridges is also disclosed. The cap beam construction method includes: S1. Establish a load-bearing foundation by anchoring steel clamps 1 to the outside of the existing bridge piers and fixing steel bars 3 through the new bridge piers to directly transfer subsequent loads to the new bridge piers and the existing bridge piers.
[0045] S2. Establish a load-bearing frame, and install a fixed three-section I-beam pad beam 2 on the steel clamp 1 and steel bar 3. Set the main beam 5 directly above the three-section I-beam pad beam 2.
[0046] S3. Vertical adjustment and reinforcement: Sand cylinder 4 is installed between the three-section I-beam pad beam 2 and the main beam 5 for reinforcement, and mechanical jack 12 is installed between the main beam 5 and the existing bridge cap beam for reinforcement, so as to offset the moment generated by the new bridge cap beam.
[0047] S4. Formwork construction: Multiple I-beam distribution beams 7 are erected on the main beam 5. Then, a frame 8 is fixed on the surface of the I-beam distribution beams 7 to provide a stable and deformation-free construction platform for the new cap beam formwork 9. Finally, the formwork 9 is set between the two sets of frames 8 to assist in the construction of the new bridge cap beam.
[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0049] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges, comprising a newly constructed bridge pier erected parallel to the existing bridge pier, characterized in that: The existing bridge pier is fitted with a steel clamp (1), and a steel bar (3) is fixed through the new bridge pier. A three-piece I-beam pad beam (2) is erected on top of the steel bar (3) and the steel clamp (1). Two sets of three-piece I-beam pad beams (2) are symmetrically arranged about the existing bridge pier. The upper surface of the three-section I-beam pad beam (2) is supported and reinforced with sand cylinders (4). The main beam (5) is fixed above the sand cylinder (4). The main beam (5) is symmetrically arranged with respect to the new bridge pier. The upper surface of the two sets of main beams (5) is vertically supported with multiple I-beam distribution beams (7). The multiple I-beam distribution beams (7) are fixed with frames (8) facing the same direction. The frames (8) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the new bridge pier. The template (9) for assisting in the construction of the new bridge cap beam is set between the two sets of frames (8).
2. The construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel clamp (1) is tightly anchored to the existing bridge pier with high-strength bolts (10), and the highest point of the steel clamp (1) is on the same plane as the highest point of the steel bar (3).
3. The construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges according to claim 2, characterized in that: A friction pad (13) is provided between the steel clamp (1) and the existing bridge pier to disperse local pressure and improve the reliability of anchorage.
4. The construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges according to claim 2, characterized in that: The existing bridge piers are provided with multiple reinforcing bars (11) spaced at equal intervals, and the multiple reinforcing bars (11) are supported on the lower surface of the steel clamp (1).
5. The construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main beam (5) is arranged parallel to the top of the three-piece I-beam pad beam (2), and the length direction of the main beam (5) and the three-piece I-beam pad beam (2) is perpendicular to the bridge erection direction.
6. The construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two sets of main beams (5) are connected by threaded fastening through tie rods (6), and multiple sets of tie rods (6) are vertically arranged on the two sets of main beams (5).
7. The construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges according to claim 6, characterized in that: A mechanical jack (12) is fixed on the upper surface of the main beam (5), and the output end of the mechanical jack (12) is supported on the lower surface of the existing bridge cap beam.
8. The construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The I-beam distribution beams (7) are provided on both sides of the newly built bridge pier, and the multiple I-beam distribution beams (7) on one side of the newly built bridge pier are supported at the bottom of the frame (8) and the template (9).
9. A construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams of new and old highway bridges according to claim 8, characterized in that: The template (9) includes a steel side mold (91) that fits and supports the inclined surface of the frame (8), and a steel bottom mold (92) is provided between the two sets of steel side molds (91). The steel bottom mold (92) is erected on the upper surface of the I-beam distribution beam (7).
10. A method for constructing a single-column pier cap beam for splicing new and old highway bridges, used to execute the construction device for splicing single-column pier cap beams for splicing new and old highway bridges as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The construction method for the cap beam includes: S1. Establish a load-bearing foundation. Steel clamps (1) are anchored and installed on the outside of the existing bridge piers. Steel rods (3) are fixed through the new bridge piers to directly transfer the subsequent loads to the new bridge piers and the existing bridge piers. S2. Establish a load-bearing frame, and install a fixed three-section I-beam pad beam (2) on the steel clamp (1) and steel bar (3), and set the main beam (5) directly above the three-section I-beam pad beam (2). S3. Vertical adjustment and reinforcement: Sand cylinder (4) is installed between the three-piece I-beam pad beam (2) and the main beam (5) for reinforcement, and mechanical jack (12) is installed between the main beam (5) and the existing bridge cap beam for reinforcement, so as to offset the torque generated by the new bridge cap beam. S4. Formwork construction: Multiple I-beam distribution beams (7) are erected on the main beam (5). Then, a frame (8) is fixed on the surface of the I-beam distribution beam (7) to provide a stable and minimally deformable construction platform for the new cap beam formwork (9). Finally, a formwork (9) is set between the two sets of frames (8) to assist in the construction of the new bridge cap beam.