A collapsible assembly type fish descending device and method considering flood control demand

Abstract

The application provides a collapsible assembly type fish descending device and method considering flood control demand, which comprises a spillway for flood discharge or fish passing; a collapsible fish blocking fence for blocking fish is arranged at the water inlet of the spillway; right and left high walls are arranged at the two sides of the spillway respectively; a plurality of receiving grooves are arranged in the right and left high walls respectively; a collapsible assembly type pool room structure is arranged between the receiving grooves at the two sides, and the collapsible assembly type pool room structure constitutes a complete broken line type fishway after being unfolded, and the broken line type fishway is laid in the interior of the spillway to realize normal descending of fish.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fish passage technology, and in particular to a retractable prefabricated fish passage device and method that also takes into account flood control requirements. Background Technology

[0002] In river ecosystems, the smooth downstream movement of fish is a crucial behavior in their life cycle. However, modern hydraulic engineering structures, especially spillways with high water heads and large discharge capabilities, significantly impact fish migration, making it difficult for most fish to complete their normal downstream activities. When spillways are used for flood discharge, fish passively entering them are highly susceptible to injury from the impact of high-speed water flow, making survival difficult. Currently, various fish passages have been established to facilitate fish migration. Unfortunately, many current downstream systems fail to consider the passage of fish located at the spillway entrance, and the normal life activities of these fish deserve our attention.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a retractable prefabricated fish descent device that takes into account both flood control and other needs, so as to help fish in the spillway descend at other times while ensuring normal flood control requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a retractable, modular fish descent device that also meets flood control requirements, so as to help fish descend normally.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the present invention aims to provide a retractable prefabricated fish passage device that also meets flood control requirements. The device includes a spillway for flood discharge or fish passage; a retractable fish barrier is installed at the inlet of the spillway; a right-side high wall and a left-side high wall are respectively installed on both sides of the spillway; multiple storage slots are respectively installed inside the right-side and left-side high walls; a retractable prefabricated pool chamber structure is installed between the storage slots on both sides. When unfolded, the retractable prefabricated pool chamber structure forms a complete zigzag fishway, which is laid inside the spillway to facilitate the normal passage of fish.

[0006] Preferably, the interior of the right-side high wall is provided with a first storage slot, a second storage slot, and a third storage slot; A first baffle is installed at the top of the opening of the first storage slot via a first pivot, and a first slide rail is provided inside the first storage slot. The top of the opening of the second storage slot is equipped with a second baffle via a second pivot, and the interior of the second storage slot is provided with a second slide rail. The top of the opening of the third storage slot is equipped with a third baffle via a third pivot, and the interior of the third storage slot is equipped with a third slide rail and a fourth slide rail.

[0007] Preferably, the interior of the left high wall is provided with a fourth storage slot, a fifth storage slot, a sixth storage slot, and a seventh storage slot; The top of the opening of the fourth storage slot is equipped with a fourth baffle via a fourth pivot, and the interior of the fourth storage slot is equipped with a fifth slide rail and a sixth slide rail. The top of the opening of the fifth storage slot is equipped with a fifth baffle via a fifth pivot, and the interior of the fifth storage slot is equipped with a seventh slide rail. The top of the opening of the sixth storage slot is equipped with a sixth baffle via a sixth pivot, and the interior of the sixth storage slot is equipped with an eighth slide rail. The motor is installed inside the seventh storage slot. A retractable fish barrier is wound and installed on the main shaft of the motor's fish barrier. The retractable fish barrier and the ninth slide rail inside the seventh storage slot form a sliding fit.

[0008] Preferably, the shrink-fit modular pool structure includes a first pool chamber, a second pool chamber, a third pool chamber, a fourth pool chamber, and a fifth pool chamber; The first pool chamber includes a first pool chamber sidewall that is nested and telescopically arranged inside the first storage slot; The second pool chamber includes a first side wall of the second pool chamber located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the second storage slot; it also includes a second side wall of the second pool chamber located on the other side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fourth storage slot, and the second side wall of the second pool chamber is connected to the first pool chamber after it is fully extended; The third pool chamber includes a first side wall of the third pool chamber located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the third storage slot. After the first side wall of the third pool chamber is fully extended, it is connected to the end of the first side wall of the second pool chamber. It also includes a second side wall of the third pool chamber located on the other side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fourth storage slot. The fourth pool chamber includes a first side wall of the fourth pool chamber located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the third storage slot. After the first side wall of the fourth pool chamber is fully extended, it is connected to the fifth pool chamber. It also includes a second side wall of the fourth pool chamber located on the other side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fifth storage slot. After the second side wall of the fourth pool chamber is fully extended, it is connected to the second side wall of the third pool chamber. The fifth pool chamber includes a first side wall of the fifth pool chamber located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fifth storage slot; it also includes a second side wall of the fifth pool chamber located on the other side and arranged inside the fifth storage slot.

[0009] Preferably, staggered baffles are provided on the inner sidewalls of all the sidewalls of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth pool chambers.

[0010] Preferably, the spillway is provided with a first spillway rail for sliding and extending the retractable fish barrier.

[0011] Preferably, a second spillway slide rail is also provided on the spillway, the second spillway slide rail is used to slide and support the first pool chamber and assist it in moving to the first receiving trough; A third spillway slide rail is also provided, which is used to slide and support the second pool chamber on one side and assist it in moving to the second receiving tank. It is also equipped with a fourth spillway slide rail, which is used to slide and support the second pool chamber on the other side and assist it in moving to the fourth receiving tank; It is also equipped with a fifth spillway slide rail, which is used to slide and support the third pool chamber on one side and assist it in moving to the fourth receiving tank. It is also equipped with a sixth spillway slide rail, which is used to slide and support the third pool chamber on the other side and assist it in moving to the third receiving tank. It is also equipped with a seventh spillway slide rail, which is used to slide and support the fourth pool chamber on one side and assist it in moving to the third receiving tank. It is also equipped with an eighth spillway slide rail, which is used to slide and support the fourth pool chamber on the other side and assist it in moving to the fifth receiving tank. It is also equipped with a ninth spillway slide rail, which is used to slide and support the fifth pool chamber and assist it in moving to the sixth receiving tank.

[0012] Preferably, a high-definition probe is installed inside the fifth pool chamber to detect passing fish.

[0013] Preferably, another aspect of the present invention provides an operation method for a retractable prefabricated fish descent device that also takes into account flood control requirements, comprising the following steps: S1. When the spillway is not in use for flood discharge, the entire device is activated. First, the baffles of all the collection slots on the right and left high walls are opened by the rotating shaft. The shrinkable prefabricated pool structure in the collection slot moves to the designated position along the corresponding spillway slide rail on the spillway. S2. Then the first side wall of the first pool chamber extends to the designated position, the second side wall of the second pool chamber extends in sequence until it connects with the first pool chamber, and the first side wall of the second pool chamber extends in sequence until it connects with the third pool chamber. The first side wall of the third pool chamber extends sequentially until it connects with the second pool chamber, and the second side wall of the third pool chamber extends sequentially until it connects with the fourth pool chamber. The first side wall of the fourth pool chamber extends sequentially until it connects with the fifth pool chamber, and the second side wall of the fourth pool chamber extends sequentially until it connects with the third pool chamber. The first side wall of the fifth pool chamber and the second side wall of the fifth pool chamber extend to the designated position; S3. Then the upper gate of the spillway is slightly opened to allow for a suitable flow rate. Fish enter the downstream waters through the retractable prefabricated pool structure. The high-definition probe in the fifth pool detects the fish that pass through, and understands the species and composition of fish in the waters. S4. If the spillway needs to perform flood discharge function, the retractable prefabricated pool structure will begin to retract and be stored in the corresponding first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth storage tanks respectively. At this time, the spillway will be emptied and normal flood discharge operation will be carried out.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes S5: after the spillway has finished discharging floodwater, the retractable prefabricated pool structure can be redeployed to the spillway to perform the fish release function.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The retractable assembled fish descent device of the present invention can help fish in the reservoir to descend quickly during non-flood discharge periods, and retract during flood discharge periods to ensure normal flood discharge.

[0016] 2. The retractable assembled fish descending device of the present invention has an overall "Z" structure, which can alleviate the impact of slope on flow velocity to a certain extent. The baffle in the device can greatly slow down the flow velocity of water after entering the device, which facilitates the normal descent of fish.

[0017] 3. The retractable prefabricated fish downstream device of the present invention can be disassembled into different kits and produced according to the size of different spillways, thus having strong adaptability.

[0018] 4. The retractable, modular fish descent device of the present invention is equipped with a high-definition probe, which can detect the type of fish passing through the device and understand the species and composition of fish in the water area. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a retractable, prefabricated fish-shaped descent device that also meets flood control requirements when extended.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the retractable prefabricated fish-shaped descending device when it is extended.

[0022] Figure 3 A top-down view of the retractable prefabricated fish-shaped descending device during retraction.

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the retractable assembled fish-shaped descending device viewed from below during retraction.

[0024] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the retractable assembled fish-shaped descending device during retraction.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spillway structure.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spillway and the left-side high wall.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high wall on the left.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high wall on the right.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a retractable, prefabricated fish-shaped descent device that also meets flood control requirements when retracted.

[0030] In the diagram: 2. Spillway; 3. Retractable fish barrier; 4. Right side high wall; 5. Left side high wall; First storage compartment 41, second storage compartment 42, third storage compartment 43; First baffle 411, first rotating shaft 412, first slide rail 413, second baffle 421, second rotating shaft 422, second slide rail 423, third baffle 431, third rotating shaft 432, third slide rail 433, fourth slide rail 434; Fourth storage slot 51, fifth storage slot 52, sixth storage slot 53, seventh storage slot 54; Fourth baffle 511, fourth pivot 512, fifth slide rail 513, sixth slide rail 514, fifth baffle 521, fifth pivot 522, seventh slide rail 523, sixth baffle 531, sixth pivot 532, eighth slide rail 533; Motor 541, fish barrier main shaft 542, ninth slide rail 543; First pool chamber 11, second pool chamber 12, third pool chamber 13, fourth pool chamber 14, fifth pool chamber 15; The first pool chamber side walls 111, 112 and 113; The first side walls of the second pool chamber are 121, 122, 123 and 124; The second side walls of the second pool chamber are 125, 126, 127 and 128; The first side walls of the third pool chamber are 131, 132 and 133; The second side walls of the third pool chamber are 134, 135 and 136; The first side walls of the fourth pool chamber are 141, 142, 143 and 144; The second side walls of the fourth pool chamber are 145, 146, 147, and 148; The first side walls of the fifth pool chamber are 151 and 152; The second side wall of the fifth pool chamber is 153. First spillway slide rail 21, second spillway slide rail 22, third spillway slide rail 23, fourth spillway slide rail 24, fifth spillway slide rail 25, sixth spillway slide rail 26, seventh spillway slide rail 27, eighth spillway slide rail 28, and ninth spillway slide rail 29. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. These embodiments are intended to enable those skilled in the art to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way.

[0032] Example 1: like Figure 1-10 As shown, a retractable prefabricated fish passage device that also meets flood control needs includes a spillway 2 for flood discharge or fish passage; a retractable fish barrier 3 is installed at the inlet of the spillway 2 for fish blocking; a right-side high wall 4 and a left-side high wall 5 are respectively installed on both sides of the spillway 2; multiple storage slots are installed inside the right-side high wall 4 and the left-side high wall 5; a retractable prefabricated pool chamber structure is installed between the storage slots on both sides, and the retractable prefabricated pool chamber structure forms a complete zigzag fishway after unfolding. The zigzag fishway is laid inside the spillway 2 to enable fish to pass through normally. Through the above-mentioned combination design of high wall storage and pool chamber expansion, the fishway structure is integrated with the spillway body without occupying additional river space; the zigzag fishway configuration is different from the traditional straight fishway, which can extend the fish passage path. It realizes the time-sharing reuse of flood control and fish passage functions, solving the industry pain point of fish passage difficulty at the spillway inlet; the zigzag configuration can effectively reduce water flow velocity and adapt to the swimming ability of fish of different sizes. During non-flood discharge periods, the pond structure expands to form a continuous fishway, providing a safe passage for fish; during flood discharge periods, the ponds contract to release the full cross-section of the spillway for flood discharge, meeting the flow requirements for flood control and drainage.

[0033] Furthermore, the interior of the right-side high wall 4 is provided with a first storage slot 41, a second storage slot 42, and a third storage slot 43; the top of the opening of the first storage slot 41 is fitted with a first baffle 411 via a first pivot 412, and the interior of the first storage slot 41 is provided with a first slide rail 413; the top of the opening of the second storage slot 42 is fitted with a second baffle 421 via a second pivot 422, and the interior of the second storage slot 42 is provided with a second slide rail 423; the top of the opening of the third storage slot 43 is fitted with a third baffle 431 via a third pivot 432, and the interior of the third storage slot 43 is provided with a third slide rail 433 and a fourth slide rail 434.

[0034] The aforementioned right-side high wall employs a multi-chamber, layered layout. Each storage compartment is independently equipped with a baffle, a rotating shaft, and a sliding rail. The number of compartments precisely matches the number of segments in the pool structure. The built-in design of the sliding rails avoids direct contact with the flood discharge flow. The independent design of the storage compartments allows for the segmented storage and expansion of the pool structure, offering flexible and controllable operation. The baffles can close the slot openings when the structure is folded, preventing mud, sand, and debris from entering and causing structural obstruction. The sliding rails provide stable guidance for the expansion and contraction of the pool sidewalls, ensuring the flatness of the structure after expansion. The rotating shaft drives the baffles to open and close the slot openings, while the sliding rails provide support and limits for the expansion and contraction of the pool sidewalls, ensuring precise alignment between the extended sidewalls and the corresponding pool chambers to form a sealed fishway sidewall.

[0035] Furthermore, the interior of the left high wall 5 is provided with a fourth storage slot 51, a fifth storage slot 52, a sixth storage slot 53, and a seventh storage slot 54; the top of the opening of the fourth storage slot 51 is equipped with a fourth baffle 511 via a fourth pivot 512, and the interior of the fourth storage slot 51 is provided with a fifth slide rail 513 and a sixth slide rail 514; the top of the opening of the fifth storage slot 52 is equipped with a fifth baffle 521 via a fifth pivot 522, and the interior of the fifth storage slot 52 is provided with a seventh slide rail 523; the top of the opening of the sixth storage slot 53 is equipped with a sixth baffle 531 via a sixth pivot 532, and the interior of the sixth storage slot 53 is provided with an eighth slide rail 533; a motor 541 is installed inside the seventh storage slot 54, and a retractable fish barrier 3 is wound and installed on the main shaft 542 of the motor 541, the retractable fish barrier 3 and the ninth slide rail 543 inside the seventh storage slot 54 form a sliding fit.

[0036] The left-side high wall has more storage slots than the right-side one, and integrates the power drive and storage structure of the fish barrier. Some storage slots have built-in double sliding rails to accommodate the expansion and contraction requirements of the wide pool sidewalls. The integrated design of the fish barrier and high wall structure reduces the overall number of components. The double sliding rail design improves stability during the expansion and contraction of the wide sidewalls, preventing structural deformation caused by unilateral stress. The motor drives the fish barrier for automatic expansion and contraction, reducing manual operation intensity. The motor drives the main shaft of the fish barrier to rotate, enabling the winding and expansion of the barrier. The ninth sliding rail guides the expansion of the fish barrier, ensuring that it stands vertically at the spillway inlet after deployment, effectively intercepting fish from entering the main flood discharge area and guiding them into the fishway.

[0037] Further, the retractable prefabricated pool chamber structure includes a first pool chamber 11, a second pool chamber 12, a third pool chamber 13, a fourth pool chamber 14, and a fifth pool chamber 15; the first pool chamber 11 includes first pool chamber sidewalls 111, 112, and 113 that are nested and telescopically arranged inside the first storage slot 41; the second pool chamber 12 includes second pool chamber first sidewalls 121, 122, 123, and 124 located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the second storage slot 42; it also includes second pool chamber second sidewalls 125, 126, 127, and 128 located on the other side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fourth storage slot 51, the second pool chamber second sidewalls being fully extended and connected to the first pool chamber 11; the third pool chamber 13 includes third pool chamber first sidewalls 131, 132, and 133 located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the third storage slot 43, the third pool chamber first sidewalls being fully extended and connected to the second pool chamber The first sidewalls are connected at their ends; the third pool chamber also includes second sidewalls 134, 135, and 136 located on the other side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fourth storage slot 51; the fourth pool chamber 14 includes first sidewalls 141, 142, 143, and 144 located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the third storage slot 43, and the first sidewalls of the fourth pool chamber are connected to the fifth pool chamber 15 after they are fully extended; the fourth pool chamber also includes second sidewalls 145, 146, 147, and 148 located on the other side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fifth storage slot 52, and the second sidewalls of the fourth pool chamber are connected to the second sidewalls of the third pool chamber after they are fully extended; the fifth pool chamber 15 includes first sidewalls 151 and 152 located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fifth storage slot 52; the fifth pool chamber also includes second sidewall 153 located on the other side and arranged inside the fifth storage slot 52.

[0038] By adopting a multi-segmented, zigzag layout for the pool chamber structure, adjacent chambers are connected end-to-end; the pool chamber sidewalls employ a nested, telescopic design, with each sidewall consisting of multiple sub-sidewalls nested together; the left and right sidewalls correspond to the storage slots in the high walls on both sides, achieving bidirectional synchronous expansion and contraction. The nested, telescopic structure significantly reduces the volume of the pool chambers after being stored, maximizing the release of flood discharge space in the spillway; the zigzag layout extends the water flow path, reduces the water flow velocity within the fishway, and improves the comfort of fish passage; the multi-segmented design allows for adjustment of the number and length of pool chambers according to the width of the spillway, adapting to different specifications of hydraulic engineering projects. Utilizing the telescopic characteristics of the nested structure, the pool chamber sidewalls achieve compact storage within the storage slots and rigid support after expansion; the connection design between adjacent chambers connects them to form a continuous fishway; the zigzag configuration reduces water flow energy by changing the direction of water flow, lowering the flow velocity to a range tolerable for fish.

[0039] Furthermore, staggered baffles are installed on the inner sidewalls of all the sidewalls of the first pool chamber 11, the second pool chamber 12, the third pool chamber 13, the fourth pool chamber 14, and the fifth pool chamber 15. The baffles are staggered and perpendicularly connected to the sidewalls of the pool chambers, without penetrating the cross-section of the chambers. This reduces water flow velocity without additional power, resulting in a simple structure and low maintenance costs. The staggered layout prevents fish from directly colliding with the baffles, reducing the probability of fish injury. When water flows through the baffles, the change in the flow cross-section creates around-flow and turbulence, consuming the kinetic energy of the water and thus reducing the average flow velocity within the fish passage. Simultaneously, the baffles can create localized slow-flow zones, providing space for fish to rest and stay, improving long-distance passage capacity.

[0040] Furthermore, the spillway 2 is equipped with a first spillway slide rail 21 for the sliding extension and retraction of the retractable fish barrier 3. The first spillway slide rail is arranged along the width of the spillway and is coaxial with the ninth slide rail in the seventh receiving trough on the left high wall. This provides bottom support for the fish barrier, preventing it from bending and deforming under the impact of water flow; the dual slide rails work together to guide the fish barrier, ensuring it remains straight after deployment and providing stable interception. Driven by a motor, the fish barrier slides along the slide rail. The limiting action of the slide rail ensures that the fish barrier always moves along a preset trajectory, guaranteeing that when fully deployed, it covers the entire width of the spillway inlet, effectively guiding fish into the fishway.

[0041] Furthermore, the spillway 2 is also equipped with a second spillway slide rail 22, which is used to slide and support the first pool chamber 11 and assist it in moving towards the first receiving trough 41; a third spillway slide rail 23 is also provided, which is used to slide and support one side of the second pool chamber 12 and assist it in moving towards the second receiving trough 42; a fourth spillway slide rail 24 is also provided, which is used to slide and support the other side of the second pool chamber 12 and assist it in moving towards the fourth receiving trough 51; and a fifth spillway slide rail 25 is also provided, which is used to slide and support one side of the third pool chamber 13 and assist it in moving towards the first receiving trough 41. The spillway is equipped with four receiving troughs 51; a sixth spillway slide rail 26 is also provided, which is used to slide and support the third pool chamber 13 on the other side and assist it in moving to the third receiving trough 43; a seventh spillway slide rail 27 is also provided, which is used to slide and support the fourth pool chamber 14 on one side and assist it in moving to the third receiving trough 43; an eighth spillway slide rail 28 is also provided, which is used to slide and support the fourth pool chamber 14 on the other side and assist it in moving to the fifth receiving trough 52; and a ninth spillway slide rail 29 is also provided, which is used to slide and support the fifth pool chamber 15 and assist it in moving to the sixth receiving trough 53. Multiple sets of slide rails are arranged on the surface of the spillway, each set corresponding to the bottom support of a section of the pool chamber. The direction of the slide rails is consistent with the zigzag trajectory of the expanded pool chamber. The slide rails adopt an embedded design, with the top surface flush with the bottom surface of the spillway. The design provides bottom sliding supports for the pool structure, distributing the weight of the pool and reducing friction during expansion and contraction. The embedded design prevents the sliding rails from obstructing water flow during flood discharge, ensuring the spillway's discharge efficiency is not affected. Multiple independent sliding rails adapt to segmented pools, enabling synchronous or independent expansion and contraction of each pool. The bottom of the pool slides in conjunction with the sliding rails, moving along the rails under the driving force of expansion and contraction. The guiding effect of the sliding rails ensures precise alignment of each pool. During flood discharge, when the pool is fully retracted, the top surface of the sliding rails is flush with the bottom surface of the spillway, ensuring smooth flow of floodwater without local backlog or eddies.

[0042] Furthermore, a high-definition probe 153 is installed inside the fifth chamber 15 to detect passing fish. The high-definition probe is installed on the end side wall of the fifth chamber, facing the interior of the chamber, and its imaging range covers the entire cross-section of the chamber. Detection is performed before the fish have finished descending, ensuring accurate data acquisition. The probe is integrated into the chamber structure and is stored in a storage tank along with the chamber, avoiding water flow impact and sediment abrasion, thus extending its service life. High-definition imaging technology captures images of fish passing through the chamber, and image recognition technology analyzes the fish species, quantity, and size, enabling dynamic monitoring of aquatic fish resources and providing data support for ecological assessment.

[0043] Example 2: Another aspect of the present invention provides an operating method for a retractable prefabricated fish descent device that also meets flood control requirements, comprising the following steps: S1. When the spillway is not in use for flood discharge, the baffles of all the collection slots on the right high wall 4 and the left high wall 5 are opened by the drive of the rotating shaft. The shrinkable prefabricated pool structure in the collection slot moves to the designated position along the corresponding spillway slide rail on the spillway 2. During actual operation, prioritizing the descent of fish during non-flood seasons, a rotary shaft transmission mechanism controls the opening and closing of the baffles. The guide rails ensure precise relocation of the pool structure, laying the foundation for subsequent docking and deployment. The coordinated operation of the baffle opening / closing and pool relocation allows for automated control, reducing manual intervention; the guide rails ensure accurate pool movement trajectories, preventing structural misalignment. This system is suitable for reservoirs, dams, and other water conservancy projects during non-flood seasons, when the spillway has no flood discharge requirement, allowing for rapid deployment of the device to ensure fish descent.

[0044] S2, then the first pool chamber sidewalls 112 and 113 of the first pool chamber 11 extend to the designated position, the second pool chamber sidewall of the second pool chamber 12 extends sequentially until it connects with the first pool chamber 11, and the first sidewall of the second pool chamber extends sequentially until it connects with the third pool chamber 13; the first sidewall of the third pool chamber of the third pool chamber 13 extends sequentially until it connects with the second pool chamber 12, and the second sidewall of the third pool chamber extends sequentially until it connects with the fourth pool chamber 14; the first sidewall of the fourth pool chamber of the fourth pool chamber 14 extends sequentially until it connects with the fifth pool chamber 15, and the second sidewall of the fourth pool chamber extends sequentially until it connects with the third pool chamber 13; the first sidewalls 151 and 152 and the second sidewall 153 of the fifth pool chamber of the fifth pool chamber 15 extend to the designated position; The nested sidewalls allow for sequential connection of the various chambers, ultimately forming a complete zigzag fishway. The nested extension structure significantly reduces deployment time; segmented connection ensures a tight seal on the fishway sidewalls, preventing water leakage and ensuring a smooth passage; and the multi-chamber, segmented design facilitates individual inspection and maintenance. Suitable for spillways of varying widths and slopes, the extension length of each chamber can be adjusted to fit the actual dimensions of the project, making it particularly suitable for flexible modifications to small and medium-sized water conservancy projects.

[0045] S3. Then the upper gate of the spillway 2 is slightly opened to make the flow rate appropriate. The fish enter the downstream waters through the shrinking prefabricated pool structure. The high-definition probe 153 in the fifth pool 15 detects the fish that pass through and understands the species and composition of the fish in the waters. The water flow is regulated by adjusting the gate opening to create a suitable aquatic environment for fish swimming. Simultaneously, the image acquisition function of a high-definition probe enables dynamic monitoring of fish resources. Fine-tuning of the gate allows for precise control of the water flow velocity within the fishway, adapting to fish of different sizes and swimming abilities. The high-definition probe is integrated inside the tank chamber, avoiding water flow impact and sediment abrasion, ensuring stable and reliable monitoring data.

[0046] S4. If the spillway 2 needs to perform its flood discharge function, the retractable prefabricated pool chamber structure begins to retract and is stored in the corresponding first storage tank 41, second storage tank 42, third storage tank 43, fourth storage tank 51, fifth storage tank 52, and sixth storage tank 53, respectively. At this time, the spillway 2 is emptied for normal flood discharge operations. Based on the safety principle of prioritizing flood discharge, the pool chamber structure retraction procedure is triggered, and each pool chamber is guided back to its corresponding storage tank via sliding rails, releasing the full-section flood discharge space of the spillway. The retraction process is fast and efficient, and the device can be reset in a short time without affecting the timeliness of flood discharge. The sealed design of the storage tanks prevents the flood discharge flow from eroding the pool chamber structure, extending the service life of the device. It is suitable for scenarios where the reservoir water level exceeds the warning level due to extreme weather such as flood season and heavy rain, requiring emergency flood discharge, ensuring flood control safety while protecting the device from damage.

[0047] Furthermore, it also includes S5: After the spillway 2 has finished discharging floodwater, the retractable prefabricated pool structure can be redeployed to the spillway 2 to perform the fish release function.

[0048] After the flood discharge is completed, the safety of the working environment is confirmed through water quality and water level monitoring. The device redeployment procedure is then initiated, and the S1-S3 operation process is repeated to quickly restore the fishway. The device has the ability to quickly switch between "flood discharge" and "fish release" functions without the need for complex disassembly and installation procedures; the redeployment process is highly automated, reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0049] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many specific modifications under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of protection of the claims, and these modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retractable, prefabricated fish descent device that also meets flood control requirements, characterized in that, The system includes a spillway (2) for flood discharge or fish passage; the inlet of the spillway (2) is equipped with a retractable fish barrier (3) for fish blocking; a right high wall (4) and a left high wall (5) are respectively set on both sides of the spillway (2); multiple storage troughs are respectively set inside the right high wall (4) and the left high wall (5); a retractable prefabricated pool chamber structure is installed between the storage troughs on both sides, and the retractable prefabricated pool chamber structure forms a complete zigzag fishway after unfolding, and the zigzag fishway is laid inside the spillway (2) to enable fish to descend normally.

2. The retractable prefabricated fish descent device that also meets flood control requirements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interior of the right high wall (4) is provided with a first storage slot (41), a second storage slot (42) and a third storage slot (43). The top of the opening of the first storage slot (41) is fitted with a first baffle (411) via a first pivot (412), and the interior of the first storage slot (41) is provided with a first slide rail (413). The top of the opening of the second storage slot (42) is fitted with a second baffle (421) via a second pivot (422), and the interior of the second storage slot (42) is provided with a second slide rail (423). The top of the opening of the third storage slot (43) is equipped with a third baffle (431) via a third pivot (432). The interior of the third storage slot (43) is provided with a third slide rail (433) and a fourth slide rail (434).

3. The retractable prefabricated fish descent device that also meets flood control requirements according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interior of the left high wall (5) is provided with a fourth storage slot (51), a fifth storage slot (52), a sixth storage slot (53) and a seventh storage slot (54); The top of the opening of the fourth storage slot (51) is fitted with a fourth baffle (511) via a fourth pivot (512), and the interior of the fourth storage slot (51) is provided with a fifth slide rail (513) and a sixth slide rail (514). The fifth baffle (521) is installed at the top of the opening of the fifth storage slot (52) via the fifth pivot (522), and the interior of the fifth storage slot (52) is provided with a seventh slide rail (523). The top of the opening of the sixth storage slot (53) is fitted with a sixth baffle (531) via a sixth pivot (532), and the interior of the sixth storage slot (53) is provided with an eighth slide rail (533). The seventh storage slot (54) houses a motor (541), and a retractable fish barrier (3) is wound and installed on the main shaft (542) of the motor (541). The retractable fish barrier (3) and the ninth slide rail (543) inside the seventh storage slot (54) form a sliding fit.

4. The retractable prefabricated fish descent device that also meets flood control requirements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shrink-fit modular pool structure includes a first pool chamber (11), a second pool chamber (12), a third pool chamber (13), a fourth pool chamber (14), and a fifth pool chamber (15). The first pool chamber (11) includes first pool chamber sidewalls (111), (112) and (113) that are nested and telescopically arranged inside the first storage slot (41). The second pool chamber (12) includes first side walls (121), (122), (123) and (124) of the second pool chamber located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the second storage slot (42); it also includes second side walls (125), (126), (127) and (128) of the second pool chamber located on the other side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fourth storage slot (51), and the second side walls of the second pool chamber are connected to the first pool chamber (11) after they are fully extended; The third pool chamber (13) includes the first side walls (131), (132) and (133) of the third pool chamber located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the third storage slot (43). After the first side walls of the third pool chamber are fully extended, they are connected to the end of the first side wall of the second pool chamber. It also includes the second side walls (134), (135) and (136) of the third pool chamber located on the other side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fourth storage slot (51). The fourth pool chamber (14) includes first side walls (141), (142), (143) and (144) located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the third storage slot (43), and the first side walls of the fourth pool chamber are connected to the fifth pool chamber (15) after they are fully extended; it also includes second side walls (145), (146), (147) and (148) located on the other side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fifth storage slot (52), and the second side walls of the fourth pool chamber are connected to the second side walls of the third pool chamber after they are fully extended; The fifth pool chamber (15) includes a first side wall (151) and (152) of the fifth pool chamber located on one side and nested and telescopically arranged inside the fifth storage slot (52); it also includes a second side wall (153) of the fifth pool chamber located on the other side and arranged inside the fifth storage slot (52).

5. A retractable prefabricated fish descent device that also meets flood control requirements, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that... All the inner walls of the first pool chamber (11), the second pool chamber (12), the third pool chamber (13), the fourth pool chamber (14) and the fifth pool chamber (15) are provided with staggered baffles.

6. The retractable prefabricated fish descent device according to claim 4, which also takes into account flood control requirements, is characterized in that, The spillway (2) is provided with a first spillway slide rail (21) for the sliding extension and retraction of the retractable fish barrier (3).

7. A retractable prefabricated fish descent device that also meets flood control requirements, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that... The spillway (2) is also provided with a second spillway slide rail (22), which is used to slide and support the first pool chamber (11) and assist it in moving to the first receiving trough (41). A third spillway slide rail (23) is also provided, which is used to slide and support the second pool chamber (12) on one side and assist it in moving to the second receiving trough (42). It is also equipped with a fourth spillway slide rail (24), which is used to slide and support the second pool chamber (12) on the other side and assist it in moving to the fourth receiving tank (51). It is also equipped with a fifth spillway slide rail (25), which is used to slide support the third pool chamber (13) on one side and assist it in moving to the fourth receiving tank (51). It is also equipped with a sixth spillway slide rail (26), which is used to slide and support the third pool chamber (13) on the other side and assist it in moving to the third receiving tank (43). It is also equipped with a seventh spillway slide rail (27), which is used to slide support the fourth pool chamber (14) on one side and assist it in moving to the third receiving tank (43). It is also equipped with an eighth spillway slide rail (28), which is used to slide support the fourth pool chamber (14) on the other side and assist it in moving to the fifth receiving tank (52). It is also equipped with a ninth spillway slide rail (29), which is used to slide support the fifth pool chamber (15) and assist it in moving to the sixth receiving tank (53).

8. A retractable prefabricated fish descent device that also meets flood control requirements, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that... The fifth pool chamber (15) is equipped with a high-definition probe (153) to detect fish passing through.

9. The operating method of the retractable prefabricated fish descent device according to claim 8, which also takes into account flood control requirements, is characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. When the entire device is activated when the spillway is not performing its flood discharge function, the baffles of all the receiving slots on the right high wall (4) and the left high wall (5) are opened by the drive of the rotating shaft, and the shrinkable prefabricated pool structure in the receiving slot moves to the designated position along the corresponding spillway slide rail on the spillway (2). S2, then the first pool chamber sidewalls (112) and (113) of the first pool chamber (11) extend to the designated position, the second pool chamber sidewall of the second pool chamber (12) extends in sequence until it connects with the first pool chamber (11), and the first sidewall of the second pool chamber extends in sequence until it connects with the third pool chamber (13); The first side wall of the third pool chamber (13) extends sequentially until it connects with the second pool chamber (12), and the second side wall of the third pool chamber extends sequentially until it connects with the fourth pool chamber (14); The first side wall of the fourth pool chamber (14) extends sequentially until it connects with the fifth pool chamber (15), and the second side wall of the fourth pool chamber extends sequentially until it connects with the third pool chamber (13); The first side wall (151), (152) and the second side wall (153) of the fifth pool chamber (15) extend to the designated position; S3. Then the upper gate of the spillway (2) is slightly opened to make the flow rate appropriate. The fish enter the downstream waters through the shrinking prefabricated pool structure. The high-definition probe (153) in the fifth pool (15) detects the fish that pass through and understands the species and composition of the fish in the waters. S4. If the spillway (2) needs to perform flood discharge function, the prefabricated pool structure will begin to shrink and be stored in the corresponding first storage tank (41), second storage tank (42), third storage tank (43), fourth storage tank (51), fifth storage tank (52) and sixth storage tank (53) respectively. At this time, the spillway (2) will be emptied and normal flood discharge operation will be carried out.

10. The operating method of the retractable prefabricated fish descent device that also takes into account flood control requirements according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes S5: After the spillway (2) has finished discharging the flood, the prefabricated pool structure can be relocated to the spillway (2) to perform the function of releasing fish.

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