Bridge structure model test loading device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of bridge structure model test devices, and discloses a bridge structure model test loading device, which comprises a workbench and an extrusion test module arranged on the workbench. Two bosses for supporting a model beam are fixedly arranged on the top of the workbench. Support assemblies are arranged on the workbench and located on the two sides of the bosses. The support assemblies are located below the bosses. Control assemblies for driving the support assemblies are arranged in the workbench. The bridge structure model test loading device can drive the support assemblies to first ascend and lift the model beam, and then drive the model beam to move by rotating the support assemblies, so that the effective conveying of the model beam is realized, the extrusion test module can test different points of the model beam, the test process is effectively simplified, and the test efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge structural model testing equipment, and in particular to a loading device for bridge structural model testing. Background Technology

[0002] Static load testing of bridge structures is the most core and reliable method for assessing the load-bearing capacity of bridges and verifying structural safety. In existing technologies, the core component of the static load test loading system is the test beam, and the transfer, displacement and precise alignment of the test beam have always been the core pain points that restrict the efficiency and safety of the test.

[0003] In the prior art, some devices drive the test model to move by setting a rotatable driving component on the worktable, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid movement of the test model for continuous testing. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN220927980U discloses a load-bearing capacity testing device, which uses a transmission roller and a helical tooth block to transport the test model and uses a support block to assist in supporting the test model. The transmission roller and the helical tooth block are fixed in height in the vertical direction and need to be adapted to the support block. As a result, the transmission roller has a poor transport effect on the test model when rotating, and the test model will squeeze the helical tooth block simultaneously when it is under pressure during the test, which reduces the service life of the helical tooth block and has certain limitations in use.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a bridge structure model test loading device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a loading device for bridge structure model testing to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a bridge structure model test loading device is designed that can effectively transport model beams and ensure the service life of the transported components.

[0007] Based on the above ideas, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a bridge structure model test loading device, including a workbench and a compression test module set on the workbench. Two bosses for supporting the model beam are fixedly installed on the top of the workbench. Support components are set on the workbench and on both sides of the bosses. The support components are located below the bosses. A control component for driving the support components is set inside the workbench. Starting the control component can first drive the support components to rise and move above the bosses, and then drive the support components to rotate and move the model beam.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the support assembly includes a base movably mounted on a workbench, a roller rotatably mounted on the base, and the base is driven by a control assembly to move the roller located below the boss.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the base is provided with four columns along the horizontal direction and located on both sides of the two bosses respectively. Each column is further divided into three groups corresponding to three rollers. The two adjacent rollers are connected by a connecting rod to rotate synchronously.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the bottom of the base is provided with a bevel, and the start control component drives the base to rise along the worktable through the bevel.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the control component shown includes a cylinder fixedly installed in the workbench, a ratchet rotatably installed on one of the bases, and four slides. The output shaft of the cylinder is fixedly connected to one of the slides. The four slides correspond one-to-one with the four rows of bases, and adjacent slides move synchronously through a cross plate. The top of the slides is rotatably equipped with several pawls corresponding to the position of the ratchet after it rises. The ratchet and one of the connecting rods rotate synchronously through a belt drive.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: several of the pawls are arranged in a straight line, and the pawls are rotatably mounted on the top of the slide plate via a pivot and a torsion spring. The torsion spring causes the pawls to tend to deflect towards the ratchet.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the slide plate is designed in an L-shape and is movably fitted with all the bases in each row. When the cylinder drives the slide plate to move, the base and ratchet can be driven to rise first through the inclined side, so that the ratchet and the pawl are horizontally aligned.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the three rollers in each column are divided into an intermediate roller located in the middle and side rollers located on the front and rear sides. The connecting rod includes a short rod fixedly connected to the intermediate roller or the side roller. The number of short rods is two, and the two short rods rotate synchronously through a universal joint.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: wedge plates are fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the top of the skateboard, and the two wedge plates correspond to the bases of the two side wheels respectively; when the skateboard moves, the bases of the middle wheel and the side wheels can be driven to rise synchronously through the inclined side, and then the bases of the side wheels can be driven to tilt towards the middle through the wedge plates.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the wedge plate corresponds to the side of the base on the side wheel that is away from the middle wheel, and the wedge plate is triangular or right trapezoidal.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: through the cooperation between the worktable, the boss, the support component and the control component, the support component is located below the boss in the initial state, which will not affect the effective support of the boss on the model beam. The model beam will not exert pressure on the support component during the test, which can ensure the long-term stable use effect of the entire support component.

[0018] After startup, the support components can be raised to lift the model beam, and then the support components can rotate to move the model beam, which can effectively transport the model beam. This allows the extrusion test module to test different points on the model beam. When conducting continuous tests on model beams with multiple cross sections and multiple test points, there is no need to repeatedly hoist and move the model beam, which effectively simplifies the testing process and greatly improves testing efficiency, while also effectively reducing the workload of manual labor.

[0019] The support components are distributed on both sides of the boss. When rising synchronously, they can effectively cope with the fracture of the model beam during the test. After the model beam breaks into two pieces, the rise of the support components can stably lift the two broken pieces of the model beam and smoothly remove them when rotating. The overall design is integrated with the working process of the support components, without the need for additional structures, ensuring continuous operation of the whole. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the roller and boss structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the roller and base structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the skateboard and base structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pawl and ratchet structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the intermediate wheel and side wheel structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the skateboard and wedge plate structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the moving wheel and mounting hole structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve and retaining shaft structure of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Workbench; 2. Boss; 3. Extrusion test module; 4. Support assembly; 5. Control assembly; 6. Model beam; 101. Through hole; 102. Long hole; 103. Mounting hole; 401. Base; 402. Roller; 403. Connecting rod; 404. Inclined edge; 4021. Intermediate wheel; 4022. Side wheel; 4023. Moving wheel; 4024. Sleeve; 4025. Snap pin; 4026. Spring; 4031. Short rod; 4032. Universal joint; 501. Cylinder; 502. Slide plate; 503. Pawl; 504. Ratchet; 505. Belt drive; 506. Wedge plate; 507. Horizontal plate. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This invention provides a loading device for a bridge structure model test, mainly used to achieve rapid movement of the model beam 6 and ensure that the broken model beam 6 can be stably removed after the test. The device includes a workbench 1, on which two protrusions 2 are fixedly installed on the top for supporting the model beam 6 and are arranged symmetrically from left to right. The workbench 1 is also provided with a compression test module 3 for test loading. When the model beam 6 is placed on the protrusions 2, the compression test module 3 can descend between the two protrusions 2 and compress the model beam 6 to obtain test data. If the model beam 6 breaks, the two broken segments of the model beam 6 will tilt downwards and fall between the two protrusions 2. At this time, the two broken segments of the model beam 6 are in an inverted V-shape.

[0034] The compression test module 3 may include a mounting bracket fixed above the worktable. An electric push rod is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the mounting bracket, and a test unit is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the electric push rod. When the electric push rod is activated, it lowers the test unit to contact the model beam 6. The electric push rod can lower the test unit to different heights during activation, resulting in different displacement values ​​for the test unit and providing a downward thrust, thereby obtaining test data for the model beam 6 at that point. In the above structure, the boss 2, the compression test module 3, and the test unit are all existing mature technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, support components 4 are installed on the workbench 1 on both sides of the boss 2. In the initial state, the support components 4 are located below the boss 2. At this time, the support components 4 will not affect the placement of the model beam 6 based on the boss 2, and even when the extrusion test module 3 descends to extrude the model beam 6, the model beam 6 will not cause the support components 4 to be under stress, thus ensuring the long-term stable use of the support components 4. At the same time, the workbench 1 is equipped with a control component 5 for driving the support components 4. When the control component 5 is activated, it can first drive the support components 4 to rise. At this time, the support components 4 can move above the boss 2 and lift the model beam 6. Then, it can drive the support components 4 to rotate to transport the model beam 6, meeting the continuous testing requirements of multiple points of the model beam 6.

[0036] During the above process, when the model beam 6 breaks after the test is completed, since the support component 4 is located on both sides of the boss 2, the support component 4 can lift both ends of each broken model beam 6 so that each broken model beam 6 can be in a horizontal state. Combined with the rotation process of the support component 4, the broken model beam 6 can be stably removed after the test is completed.

[0037] Reference Figures 2 to 5 In this embodiment, preferably, the support component 4 includes a base 401 slidably mounted on the worktable 1, with rollers 402 rotatably mounted on the base 401. Initially, the rollers 402 are located below the bosses 2. The base 401 is driven by the control component 5 to raise and lower the rollers 402. In this embodiment, the base 401 has four rows arranged horizontally, located on both sides of the two bosses 2. Each row is further divided into three groups corresponding to three rollers 402. Two adjacent rollers 402 rotate synchronously via a connecting rod 403. This design ensures that the area between the two bosses 2 also has rollers 402 that can be raised, allowing both ends of the broken model beam 6 to be lifted by the rollers 402, preventing one end of the broken model beam 6 from tilting and falling between the two bosses 2 and becoming unable to move.

[0038] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown, the bottom of the base 401 is provided with a bevel 404. When the control component 5 is started, the base 401 is driven to rise along the worktable 1 through the bevel 404. After the base 401 drives the roller 402 to rise, the roller 402 is located above the boss 2. At this time, the continued start of the control component 5 can drive all the rollers 402 to rotate synchronously through the connecting rod 403, thereby completing the conveying of the model beam 6.

[0039] Correspondingly, such as Figure 3 As shown, a through hole 101 is provided on the top of the workbench 1 for mounting the base 401. The through holes 101 are also distributed on both sides of the boss 2. In this embodiment, the base 401 can slide up and down relative to the workbench 1 based on the through holes 101.

[0040] Reference Figures 2 to 5 In this embodiment, preferably, the control component 5 includes a cylinder 501 fixedly installed in the workbench 1, a ratchet 504 rotatably installed on the surface of one of the bases 401, and four slide plates 502. The output shaft of the cylinder 501 is fixedly connected to one of the slide plates 502. The four slide plates 502 are arranged one-to-one with the four rows of bases 401, and adjacent two slide plates 502 move synchronously through a horizontal plate 507. When the cylinder 501 is started, the horizontal plate 507 can drive the four bases 401 to move synchronously. The top of the slide plate 502 is rotatably mounted with a number of pawls 503 corresponding to the position of the ratchet 504 after it rises. The number of pawls 503 are arranged in a straight line and are rotatably mounted on the top of the slide plate 502 through a rotating shaft and a torsion spring (not shown in the figure). The torsion spring causes the pawls 503 to have a tendency to deflect towards the ratchet 504.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the slide plate 502 has an L-shaped design and is movably fitted to all the bases 401 in each row. Specifically, the slide plate 502 is fitted to the inclined side 404 at the bottom of the base 401, and the surface of the slide plate 502 that is fitted to the base 401 can also be set as an inclined surface. When the slide plate 502 moves to the right, the inclined side 404 first drives the base 401 and the ratchet 504 to rise, so that the ratchet 504 and the pawl 503 are aligned left and right. At this time, the continued rightward movement of the slide plate 502 will cause the pawl 503 to contact the ratchet 504 and drive the ratchet 504 to rotate.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the ratchet 504 and one of the connecting rods 403 are connected by a belt drive 505, so that when the ratchet 504 rotates, it can drive the three rollers 402 in each row to rotate synchronously through the connecting rod 403, thereby realizing the rapid transport of the model beam 6.

[0043] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, to achieve synchronous rotation of the four rows of rollers 402, each slide 502 can have several pawls 503 rotatably mounted on its top via a pivot and a torsion spring. Alternatively, only one slide 502 may have several pawls 503 mounted on it, while the connecting rods 403 corresponding to the four rows of rollers 402 are connected by a belt drive 505 (the above arrangement is not shown in the figure). In this way, after the connecting rods 403 of one row are rotated by the pawls 503 and ratchet 504, the connecting rods 403 of the other three rows can also rotate synchronously via the belt drive 505. This is a different implementation of the rotation of the four rows of rollers 402.

[0044] In the above structure, the advantage of forming a transmission through ratchet 504 and pawl 503 is that, on the one hand, the unidirectional displacement can avoid the model beam 6 from resetting synchronously when the cylinder 501 resets, which would affect the conveying effect; on the other hand, the ratchet 504 and pawl 503 transmission is different from the gear and rack transmission, and the corresponding distance requirement between the pawl 503 and the ratchet 504 is lower, so that after the ratchet 504 rises, the pawl 503 can stably drive the ratchet 504 to rotate as the slide plate 502 moves to the right, and there will be no situation where the rack cannot mesh smoothly with the gear.

[0045] In use, the model beam 6 can be hoisted onto the two bosses 2 by a lifting device, and the extrusion test module 3 completes the test. The starting cylinder 501 drives the four sliding plates 502 to move synchronously to the right through the horizontal plate 507. The sliding plates 502 drive the four rows of rollers 402 to rise vertically through the inclined side 404 and the base 401. After rising, the rollers 402 vertically lift the model beam 6. During this process, the base 401 drives the ratchet 504 to rise synchronously, so that the ratchet 504 and the pawl 503 are in left-right correspondence. Then the cylinder 501 drives the sliding plate 502 to continue to move to the right, so that the pawl 503 contacts the ratchet 504 and drives the connecting rod 403 to rotate through the belt drive 505, which in turn causes the four rows of rollers 402 to rotate synchronously and move the model beam 6. Thus, the extrusion test module 3 can test different points of the model beam 6.

[0046] If the model beam 6 breaks, the opposite ends of the two model beams 6 will fall between the two bosses 2. After the four rows of rollers 402 rise vertically, the two rows of rollers 402 on the left boss 2 will lift the broken left model beam 6, and the two rows of rollers 402 on the right boss 2 will lift the broken right model beam 6. The subsequent synchronous rotation of the four rows of rollers 402 can drive the two broken model beams 6 to move out stably.

[0047] In summary, through the cooperation of structures such as the slide plate 502, base 401, connecting rod 403 and ratchet 504, the roller 402 is located below the boss 2 in the initial state, which will not affect the effective support of the boss 2 for the model beam 6. The model beam 6 will not exert pressure on the roller 402 and base 401 during the test, which can ensure the long-term stable use effect of the entire support assembly 4.

[0048] After startup, the roller 402 can be driven to rise first to lift the model beam 6, and then the roller 402 can rotate to move the model beam 6, which can realize the effective transport of the model beam 6. This allows the extrusion test module 3 to test different points of the model beam 6. When conducting continuous tests on the model beam 6 with multiple cross sections and multiple test points, there is no need to repeatedly hoist and move the model beam 6, which effectively simplifies the testing process and greatly improves the testing efficiency, and can also effectively reduce the manual burden.

[0049] The rollers 402 are arranged in four rows and distributed on both sides of the boss 2. When rising synchronously, they can effectively cope with the breakage of the model beam 6 during the test. After the model beam 6 breaks into two pieces, the four rows of rollers 402 can stably lift the two broken pieces of the model beam 6 after rising, and smoothly remove the two broken pieces of the model beam 6 when rotating. The overall design is integrated with the working process of the rollers 402, without the need for additional structures, ensuring the continuous operation of the whole.

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] Please see Figures 1 to 8 Based on Example 1, in order to further improve the testing accuracy of the extrusion test module 3 on the model beam 6, the rollers 402 are improved: at this time, the three rollers 402 in each column are divided into a middle roller 4021 located in the middle and side rollers 4022 located on the front and rear sides. The connecting rod 403 includes a short rod 4031 fixedly connected to the middle roller 4021 or the side roller 4022. There are two short rods 4031, and the two short rods 4031 are rotatably connected by a universal joint 4032. The universal joint 4032 can drive the two short rods 4031 to rotate synchronously, and make the short rods 4031 on the side roller 4022 have the possibility of deflection. This is an existing mature technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, wedge plates 506 are fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the top of the skateboard 502. The two wedge plates 506 correspond to the bases 401 of the two side wheels 4022 respectively. When the skateboard 502 moves, the intermediate wheel 4021 and the side wheels 4022 can be driven to rise synchronously through the inclined side 404 and the base 401. Then, the intermediate wheel 4021 can remain in the rising state through the skateboard 502 and the base 401, while the side wheels 4022 can tilt through the wedge plates 506 and the base 401. At this time, the short rod 4031 of the side wheel 4022 tilts along the short rod 4031 on the intermediate wheel 4021 based on the universal joint 4032, so that the intermediate wheel 4021 and the two side wheels 4022 as a whole change to a U-shaped state.

[0053] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, the wedge plate 506 is triangular in shape, and the wedge plate 506 corresponds to the side of the base 401 on the side wheel 4022 that is away from the middle wheel 4021. Therefore, when the wedge plate 506 moves, it can cause the base 401 corresponding to the side wheel 4022 to tilt. In practical applications, the wedge plate 506 can also be a right trapezoid, in which case it can also cause the side wheel 4022 to tilt and keep it in the tilted state.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 6As shown, the top of the workbench 1 has an elongated hole 102 for the placement and subsequent tilting of the base 401 of the side wheel 4022. At this time, the base 401 corresponding to the side wheel 4022 can be raised and lowered vertically along the elongated hole 102, or it can be tilted towards the middle wheel 4021 along the elongated hole 102.

[0055] In use, the roller 402 is driven to rise first, lifting the model beam 6, through the structure of the slide plate 502, base 401, and ratchet 504. Then, the roller 402 rotates to move the model beam 6. The working process and effect of this part are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here. The difference is that when the roller 402 rises and the slide plate 502 continues to move to the right, the intermediate wheel 4021 and the side wheel 4022 can be driven to rotate synchronously through the pawl 503, ratchet 504, short rod 4031, and universal joint 4032. When the wedge plate 506 moves, the two side wheels 4022 can be driven to tilt towards the intermediate wheel 4021 through the base 401. At this time, the tilted side wheels 4022 can contact the front and rear sides of the model beam 6 respectively. When in contact, they can push the model beam 6 so that the model beam 6 can automatically center itself. The rotational contact between the side wheels 4022 and the front and rear sides of the model beam 6 can effectively improve the conveying effect of the model beam 6.

[0056] Compared to Embodiment 1, through the cooperation of structures such as the intermediate wheel 4021, side wheels 4022, base 401, and wedge plate 506, when the base 401 rises, it can drive the intermediate wheel 4021 and side wheels 4022 to rotate synchronously. It can also drive the two side wheels 4022 to tilt towards the intermediate wheel 4021. At this time, the intermediate wheel 4021 and the two side wheels 4022 change to a U-shape. The two side wheels 4022 can push the model beam 6 to automatically center it in the front-back direction. Even after the model beam 6 moves, its position can still be guaranteed to be accurate, which can ensure the accuracy of the extrusion test module 3 when conducting continuous point tests.

[0057] When the two side wheels 4022 contact the front and rear sides of the model beam 6, the continuous transmission of the universal joint 4032 can further assist the rapid horizontal movement of the model beam 6. Because the rotation contact area changes from contacting only the bottom to contacting the bottom and the front and rear sides, the movement of the model beam 6 is better, which in turn improves the conveying effect of the model beam 6 and achieves the purpose of improving the use effect.

[0058] Example 3:

[0059] Please see Figures 1 to 10Based on Embodiment 2, considering that during the experiment, the tilting of the two side wheels 4022 towards the middle wheel 4021 might cause interference, resulting in the side wheels 4022 abutting against the front and rear sides of the model beam 6 and being unable to tilt further, the middle wheel 4021 is improved as follows: The middle wheel 4021 now includes two movable wheels 4023 rotatably mounted within the base 401 and in contact with each other. A sleeve 4024 and a retaining shaft 4025 are fixedly installed inside each of the two movable wheels 4023, respectively, with a sliding fit between the sleeve 4024 and the retaining shaft 4025. A spring 4026, fixedly connected to the retaining shaft 4025, is fixedly installed inside the sleeve 4024. Under the action of the spring 4026, the retaining shaft 4025 tends to move inwards towards the sleeve 4024, thus allowing the two movable wheels 4023 to remain in contact with each other in the initial state.

[0060] Correspondingly, such as Figure 9 As shown, the top of the workbench 1 may have a mounting hole 103 for the base 401 corresponding to the movable wheel 4023 to be placed. The base 401 corresponding to the movable wheel 4023 can slide up and down based on the mounting hole 103 and can open back and forth. Specifically, a telescopic rod (not shown in the figure) can be fixedly installed on the side wall of the movable wheel 4023. The movable end of the telescopic rod slides up and down with the hole wall of the mounting hole 103. Based on the telescopic rod, the base 401 of the movable wheel 4023 can move up and down and back and forth along the mounting hole 103.

[0061] In use, the roller 402 can be driven to rise first to lift the model beam 6 through the structure of the slide plate 502, the base 401 and the ratchet 504, and then the roller 402 rotates to move the model beam 6. Through the structure of the side wheel 4022, the base 401 and the wedge plate 506, when the base 401 rises, it can drive the two side wheels 4022 to tilt in the middle direction. The working process and effect of this part are the same as in the second embodiment, and will not be repeated here. The difference is that when the two side wheels 4022 tilt and contact the front and rear sides of the model beam 6 respectively, and push the model beam 6 to complete the centering, the continued tilting of the two side wheels 4022 based on the wedge plate 506 will pull the two moving wheels 4023 relatively away through the short rod 4031 and the universal joint 4032. At this time, the retaining shaft 4025 gradually moves out of the sleeve 4024 and stretches the spring 4026. Combined with the transmission of the universal joint 4032 and the short rod 4031, the two moving wheels 4023 can ensure effective synchronous rotation, and the two moving wheels 4023 can maintain the same vertical height.

[0062] Compared to Embodiment 2, through the cooperation of structures such as the movable wheel 4023, sleeve 4024, retaining shaft 4025 and short rod 4031, when the side wheel 4022 contacts the front and rear sides of the model beam 6 and continues to tilt, the two movable wheels 4023 can be moved relatively away, thereby allowing the two side wheels 4022 to have space for further tilting. This avoids the side wheel 4022's tilting from interfering with the front and rear sides of the model beam 6, and also avoids causing compression damage to the model beam 6, thus avoiding affecting the test results of the subsequent compression test module 3.

[0063] The overall design, combined with the setting of the intermediate wheel 4021, can ensure the conveying effect of the model beam 6, and also ensure the contact effect between the side wheel 4022 and the front and rear sides after tilting. It can also avoid contact interference and damage between the side wheel 4022 and the model beam 6. These multiple effects complement the stable conveying and accurate detection of the model beam 6, making it more practical.

Claims

1. A loading device for a bridge structural model test, comprising a workbench and a compression test module disposed on the workbench, wherein two bosses for supporting a model beam are fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, characterized in that, Support components are provided on both sides of the boss on the worktable. The support components are located below the boss. A control component for driving the support components is provided inside the worktable. Activating the control component can first drive the support components to rise and move above the boss, and then drive the support components to rotate and move the model beam.

2. The bridge structure model test loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly includes a base movably mounted on a workbench, on which rollers are rotatably mounted. The base is driven by a control assembly, which moves the rollers located below the boss.

3. The bridge structure model test loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base has four rows arranged horizontally and located on both sides of the two bosses. Each row is further divided into three groups corresponding to three rollers. The two adjacent rollers rotate synchronously through a connecting rod.

4. The bridge structure model test loading device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base has a beveled edge at the bottom, and the start control component drives the base to rise along the worktable via the beveled edge.

5. The bridge structure model test loading device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control assembly shown includes a cylinder fixedly installed in the workbench, a ratchet rotatably installed on one of the bases, and four slides. The output shaft of the cylinder is fixedly connected to one of the slides. The four slides correspond one-to-one with the four rows of bases, and adjacent slides move synchronously through a cross plate. Several pawls corresponding to the position of the ratchet after it rises are rotatably installed on the top of the slides. The ratchet rotates synchronously with one of the connecting rods through a belt drive.

6. The bridge structure model test loading device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Several of the aforementioned pawls are arranged in a straight line. The pawls are rotatably mounted on the top of the skateboard via a pivot and a torsion spring. The torsion spring causes the pawls to tend to deflect towards the ratchet.

7. The bridge structure model test loading device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The slide plate is L-shaped and fits flexibly with all the bases in each row. When the cylinder moves the slide plate, the base and ratchet can be lifted first through the inclined side, so that the ratchet and pawl are horizontally aligned.

8. The bridge structure model test loading device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each column of three rollers consists of a middle roller in the middle and side rollers on the front and rear sides. The connecting rod includes two short rods that are fixedly connected to the middle roller or the side rollers. The two short rods rotate synchronously through a universal joint.

9. The bridge structure model test loading device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The skateboard has wedge plates fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the top, with each wedge plate corresponding to the base of one of the two side wheels. When the skateboard moves, the wedge plates can first drive the bases of the middle wheel and the side wheels to rise synchronously, and then drive the bases of the side wheels to tilt towards the middle.

10. The bridge structure model test loading device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The wedge plate corresponds to the side of the base on the side wheel that is away from the middle wheel, and the wedge plate is triangular or right trapezoidal in shape.

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