Method, system and related device for dynamic management of battery charge and discharge current

Abstract

The application provides a battery charging and discharging current dynamic management method, system and related equipment, the method comprises the following steps: constructing and storing a two-dimensional lookup table in advance, the two-dimensional lookup table takes the cumulative cycle number of the battery as the first dimension, takes the real-time temperature of the battery as the second dimension, and stores a preset current limiting coefficient at the intersection of the table; real-time monitoring the current temperature and the current cumulative cycle number of the target battery; using the current temperature and the current cumulative cycle number as the query coordinates, querying the current current limiting coefficient in the two-dimensional lookup table, and calculating the target current limiting value based on the current current limiting coefficient; according to the target current limiting value, the charging current or discharging current of the target battery is controlled. The method of the application considers the running environment and the aging state of the battery, dynamically and finely manages the charging and discharging current, and improves the safety and life of the battery in the life cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery management technology, and in particular to a method, system and related equipment for dynamic management of battery charging and discharging current. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in various electronic devices such as power banks, smartphones, laptops, energy storage devices, and electric vehicles due to their advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate. However, the performance, lifespan, and safety of lithium-ion batteries are closely related to their operating conditions, especially operating temperature and aging. In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the battery, a battery management system (BMS) is usually used to monitor and protect the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0003] In existing technologies, battery protection strategies are usually quite simple. The most common one is temperature-based threshold protection. For example, when the battery temperature sensor detects that the temperature exceeds a certain upper limit (such as 60°C) or falls below a certain lower limit (such as 0°C), the battery management system will immediately cut off the charging or discharging circuit to prevent the battery from being damaged or causing thermal runaway due to working at extreme temperatures. This protection strategy in existing technologies is too crude and ignores the impact of battery aging on safe current. At the end of the battery's life cycle, safety accidents such as bulging and lithium deposition are likely to occur.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies still need to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, system, and related equipment for dynamic management of battery charging and discharging current. The main objective of this invention is to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background section of the prior art.

[0006] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for dynamic management of battery charging and discharging current, comprising: A two-dimensional lookup table is pre-built and stored. The two-dimensional lookup table uses the cumulative number of battery cycles as the first dimension and the real-time temperature of the battery as the second dimension. A preset current limit coefficient is stored at the intersection of the table. Real-time monitoring of the target battery's current temperature and current cumulative cycle count; Using the current temperature and the current cumulative number of cycles as query coordinates, the current current limit coefficient is obtained by querying the two-dimensional lookup table, and the target current limit value is calculated based on the current current limit coefficient. The charging current or discharging current of the target battery is controlled according to the target current limit value.

[0007] In an optional embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of using the current temperature and the current cumulative cycle count as query coordinates to obtain the current current limit coefficient from the two-dimensional lookup table includes: When the query coordinates cannot be accurately found on the two-dimensional lookup table, the current current limit coefficient corresponding to the query coordinates is obtained by interpolating the current limit coefficients of multiple nearby intersections around the query coordinates.

[0008] In an optional embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the interpolation calculation uses a bilinear interpolation algorithm, which performs a weighted average calculation based on the current limiting coefficient and coordinate position stored at the four nearest intersections of the query coordinates.

[0009] In an optional embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, in the two-dimensional lookup table, the higher the cumulative number of battery cycles or the higher the temperature, the smaller the corresponding current limiting coefficient.

[0010] In an optional embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, controlling the charging current or discharging current of the target battery according to the target current limit value includes: When the current operating state of the target battery is determined to be charging, the maximum input current of the charging controller is limited to below the target current limit value; When the current operating state of the target battery is determined to be a discharge state, the maximum output current of the discharge controller is limited to below the target current limit value.

[0011] In an optional embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the current limiting coefficient in the two-dimensional lookup table is set according to at least one inherent characteristic of the battery, including the cell material system, capacity specification, manufacturing process and application scenario.

[0012] In an optional embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of calculating the target current limit value based on the current current limit coefficient includes: The target current limit value is calculated by multiplying the current current limit coefficient obtained from the query by the nominal capacity of the target battery.

[0013] A second aspect of the present invention provides a dynamic management system for battery charging and discharging current, the dynamic management system for battery charging and discharging current comprising: The table construction module is used to pre-build and store a two-dimensional lookup table. The two-dimensional lookup table uses the cumulative number of battery cycles as the first dimension and the real-time temperature of the battery as the second dimension, and stores the preset current limit coefficient at the intersection of the table. The battery monitoring module is used to monitor the current temperature and current cumulative cycle count of the target battery in real time. The current calculation module is used to use the current temperature and the current cumulative number of cycles as query coordinates to retrieve the current current limit coefficient from the two-dimensional lookup table, and to calculate the target current limit value based on the current current limit coefficient. The charge / discharge control module is used to control the charging current or discharging current of the target battery according to the target current limit value.

[0014] A third aspect of the present invention provides a portable power bank, the portable power bank comprising: a memory and at least one processor, the memory storing instructions, and the memory and the at least one processor being interconnected via a circuit; The at least one processor invokes the instructions in the memory to cause the mobile power supply to perform a dynamic management method for battery charging and discharging current as described in any one of the first aspects of the invention.

[0015] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a dynamic management method for battery charging and discharging current as described in any one of the first aspects of the present invention.

[0016] Beneficial Effects: This invention provides a method, system, and related equipment for dynamic management of battery charging and discharging current. The method includes pre-constructing and storing a two-dimensional lookup table, where the cumulative number of battery cycles is used as the first dimension, the real-time temperature of the battery is used as the second dimension, and preset current limit coefficients are stored at the intersections of the table; the current temperature and current cumulative number of cycles of the target battery are monitored in real time; the current current limit coefficient is retrieved from the two-dimensional lookup table using the current temperature and current cumulative number of cycles as query coordinates, and a target current limit value is calculated based on the current current limit coefficient; the charging current or discharging current of the target battery is controlled according to the target current limit value. This method of the present invention comprehensively considers the battery's operating environment and aging state, enabling dynamic and precise management of charging and discharging current, thereby improving the safety and lifespan of the battery throughout its life cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the hardware composition of a battery management system according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the dynamic management method for battery charging and discharging current according to the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the core interactive process of a dynamic management method for battery charging and discharging current according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a dynamic management system for battery charging and discharging current according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a portable power bank according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" or "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0019] The first aspect of this invention provides a dynamic management method for battery charging and discharging current, which can be implemented in a typical battery management system. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 The hardware of the battery management system may include: a battery pack containing one or more cells; a battery management unit (BMS) for monitoring the basic state of the battery; a microcontroller (MCU) as the core of system control; non-volatile memory (such as Flash or EEPROM) for storing algorithm programs and key data; a temperature sensor for real-time monitoring of the battery pack temperature; a current monitoring module for monitoring the current in the charging and discharging circuit; and a charge / discharge controller for adjusting the current according to the instructions of the MCU.

[0020] See Figure 2 The dynamic management method for battery charging and discharging current of the present invention includes: S100. A two-dimensional lookup table is pre-built and stored. The two-dimensional lookup table uses the cumulative number of battery cycles as the first dimension and the real-time temperature of the battery as the second dimension, and stores a preset current limit coefficient at the intersection of the table. In this invention, the two-dimensional lookup table is the core of the invention. This step can be completed during product firmware burning or first power-on. After the two-dimensional lookup table is created, it can be stored in the non-volatile memory of the main control MCU.

[0021] In this invention, the two-dimensional lookup table uses the battery's cumulative cycle count (N) as the first dimension (e.g., the horizontal axis) and the battery's real-time temperature (T) as the second dimension (e.g., the vertical axis). Each intersection (cell) of the table stores a pre-calibrated current limiting coefficient. The setting of the current limiting coefficient follows a basic principle: the higher the temperature or the more cycles, the higher the risk or aging degree of the battery, and therefore the smaller the corresponding current limiting coefficient (i.e., in the two-dimensional lookup table, the higher the battery's cumulative cycle count or the higher the temperature, the smaller the corresponding current limiting coefficient), so as to adopt a more conservative protection strategy. For example, a brand new battery (N<50) may have a coefficient of 1.5C at 25°C, while it drops to 1.2C at 45°C. An aged battery (N>300) may have a coefficient that has dropped to 0.8C at 25°C, and further drops to 0.5C at 45°C.

[0022] In this invention, different two-dimensional lookup tables are used for different battery types. The two-dimensional lookup tables are mainly customized and calibrated based on the inherent characteristics of the target battery. The calibration process mainly considers the following factors: cell material system (such as ternary lithium, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, etc., which have significant differences in cycle life, temperature sensitivity, and rate performance), capacity specifications and manufacturing process (cell internal resistance and heat dissipation characteristics are different for different capacities and processes), and application scenarios (such as consumer electronics, medical devices, etc., which have different safety margin requirements). That is, the current limiting coefficient in the two-dimensional lookup table is set according to at least one inherent characteristic of the battery. The inherent characteristics include cell material system, capacity specifications, manufacturing process, and application scenario. The calibration method is mainly obtained by analyzing the data sheets provided by the battery manufacturer, or by more precise hybrid pulse power characteristic testing, accelerated aging experiments, and simulation modeling.

[0023] S200. Real-time monitoring of the target battery's current temperature and current cumulative cycle count. In this invention, during device operation, the main control MCU cyclically executes the monitoring task using a timer (e.g., once every 1 second). The main control MCU obtains the battery's current temperature T by communicating with the temperature sensor. Simultaneously, the main control MCU obtains the battery's current cumulative cycle count N by querying the battery management unit or its integrated coulomb counter.

[0024] S300: Using the current temperature and the current cumulative cycle count as query coordinates, the current current limit coefficient is obtained by querying the two-dimensional lookup table, and the target current limit value is calculated based on the current current limit coefficient. In this invention, after obtaining the current temperature T and the current cumulative cycle count N of the battery through step S200, the current temperature T and the current cumulative cycle count N of the battery can be used as coordinates to perform a query in the two-dimensional lookup table.

[0025] In this invention, due to the limited precision of the table, in most cases, the real-time obtained current temperature T and current cumulative cycle number N will not fall exactly at the intersection (cell) of the two-dimensional lookup table.

[0026] To achieve a smooth current transition and avoid sudden current changes at strategy switching points that could affect user experience and device stability, this invention employs a bilinear interpolation algorithm. Specifically, the main control MCU finds the four cells closest to the (T, N) coordinate and performs a weighted average calculation based on the current limiting coefficients stored in these four cells and the relative positions of the (T, N) coordinates to these four points. This yields an accurate and smooth current limiting coefficient. (In this invention, when the query coordinates cannot accurately find the corresponding target intersection on the two-dimensional lookup table, the current limiting coefficients of multiple nearby intersections around the query coordinates are interpolated to obtain the current limiting coefficient corresponding to the query coordinates. The interpolation calculation uses a bilinear interpolation algorithm, which performs a weighted average calculation based on the current limiting coefficients and coordinate positions stored in the four nearest intersections to the query coordinates.)

[0027] After obtaining the current current limit coefficient, the main control MCU will calculate the absolute value of the current allowed under the current operating conditions according to the following formula, that is, the target current limit value I_limit = current limit coefficient × battery nominal capacity (that is, the calculation of the target current limit value based on the current current limit coefficient includes: multiplying the current current limit coefficient obtained by looking up the table with the nominal capacity of the target battery to calculate the target current limit value). For example, if the current current limit coefficient obtained after table lookup and interpolation is 0.8C and the battery nominal capacity is 5000mAh, then I_limit = 0.8 × 5000mA = 4000mA.

[0028] S400. Control the charging current or discharging current of the target battery according to the target current limit value. In an optional embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, controlling the charging current or discharging current of the target battery according to the target current limit value includes: When the current operating state of the target battery is determined to be charging, the maximum input current of the charging controller is limited to below the target current limit value. In this step, if the device is charging, the MCU will send a command to the charging controller to set or limit the maximum allowable input current of the charging controller to below the calculated target current limit value.

[0029] When the target battery is determined to be in a discharging state, the maximum output current of the discharge controller is limited below the target current limit. In this step, if the device is discharging (powering an external device), the MCU sends a command to the discharge controller to set or limit the maximum permissible output current of the discharge controller below the target current limit. Through the continuous cycle of steps S100 to S400, this invention enables the system to dynamically adjust the battery's charging and discharging current in real time based on any changes in battery temperature and aging status, achieving intelligent safety management.

[0030] For a better understanding of the technical solution of this invention, see [link / reference]. Figure 3 The core interactive process of the dynamic management method for battery charging and discharging current of the present invention can be as follows: Step S401: Initialize parameters and construct a two-dimensional lookup table: When the power bank is first started or the firmware is burned, a two-dimensional lookup table (2D-LUT) is constructed in the non-volatile memory of the main control MCU.

[0031] The table is structured as follows: The first dimension is battery temperature (T) (e.g., in 5°C increments, from -10°C to 60°C), and the second dimension is the cumulative number of cycles (N) (e.g., in 50-cycle increments, from 0 to 500 cycles).

[0032] The table contains a current limiting factor (C-rate) for each cell. This factor is pre-calibrated by the battery manufacturer based on extensive experimental data, such as HPPC tests at different temperatures and aging levels. Generally, the higher the temperature or the more cycles, the smaller the corresponding current limiting factor.

[0033] Important Note: Customization Requirements for Lookup Table Data: The specific current limiting coefficient values ​​in the two-dimensional lookup table should be customized and calibrated through experimental testing or simulation modeling based on factors such as the actual cell material system, capacity specifications, and manufacturing process used. Different cell types have significantly different temperature characteristics and cycle life characteristics, requiring their own independent lookup table data. Key influencing factors include: 1. Cell material system: NMC ternary lithium battery cell: cycle life approximately 500-1000 cycles, poor low-temperature performance, moderate high-temperature sensitivity, maximum C-rate approximately 1.0-2.0C; LFP lithium iron phosphate battery cell: cycle life approximately 2000-3000 cycles, good low-temperature performance, strong high-temperature tolerance, maximum C-rate approximately 1.0-3.0C; LCO lithium cobalt oxide battery cell: cycle life approximately 300-500 cycles, poor low-temperature performance, high high-temperature sensitivity, maximum C-rate approximately 0.5-1.0C; NCA nickel cobalt aluminum battery cell: cycle life approximately 500-800 cycles, relatively high temperature sensitivity, maximum C-rate approximately 1.0-1.5C.

[0034] 2. Battery cell capacity specifications: Small capacity cells (<2000mAh): Higher internal resistance, better heat dissipation, and can support higher rates; Medium capacity cells (2000-3500mAh): Moderate internal resistance, moderate heat dissipation, and standard rate; Large capacity cells (>3500mAh): Lower internal resistance, poorer heat dissipation, and require more conservative current limits.

[0035] 3. Cell manufacturing process: Factors such as electrode compaction density, electrolyte formulation, separator porosity, tab design, and packaging process all affect the rate performance and temperature characteristics of the cell.

[0036] 4. Safety margin for application scenarios: Consumer electronics: safety margin coefficient 1.2-1.5; Medical equipment: safety margin coefficient 1.5-2.0 (all C-rates reduced by 30-50%); Industrial equipment: safety margin coefficient 1.3-1.8 (all C-rates reduced by 20-40%).

[0037] The core innovation of this invention lies in the algorithm model of the two-dimensional lookup table and the two-factor joint control method, rather than the specific values ​​in the table. The calibration methods for the lookup table data include, but are not limited to: based on manufacturer data sheets (fast and low cost); based on HPPC testing (accurate and highly targeted); based on accelerated aging testing (balancing accuracy and cost); based on simulation modeling (fast and predictable for new materials). The lookup table data mentioned below are only examples. In actual applications, customized lookup tables should be generated based on the test data of specific battery cells.

[0038] Basis and Method for Constructing the Two-Dimensional Lookup Table: The construction of the two-dimensional lookup table is the core technical aspect of this invention. Its scientific validity and accuracy directly determine the effectiveness of current management. The construction of the lookup table is based on the following scientific principles and engineering practices: (1) Criteria for classifying temperature dimensions: The electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries is closely related to temperature. According to research data from authoritative institutions such as Battery University: at 27°C, the battery provides 100% of its nominal capacity; at -18°C, the capacity drops to about 50%; at -20°C, most batteries can only provide about 50% of their performance level; for every 10°C increase in temperature (from a 20°C baseline), cycle life decreases by about 20-40%. The effects of temperature on battery performance are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. Ion transport rate: At low temperatures, electrolyte viscosity increases, lithium ion diffusion rate decreases, and internal resistance increases significantly; 2. Electrochemical reaction rate: According to the Arrhenius equation, the reaction rate decreases by about half for every 10°C decrease in temperature; 3. SEI film impedance: The ionic conductivity of the SEI film decreases significantly at low temperatures, and the impedance may increase several times below 0°C; 4. Lithium plating risk: During low-temperature high-current charging, the rate of lithium ion insertion into the negative electrode is slower than the charging supply rate, making it easy for metallic lithium to be deposited on the negative electrode surface; 5. Accelerated aging: High temperatures accelerate side reactions (SEI film growth, electrolyte decomposition), and the cycle life of charge-discharge at 45°C is only 50% of that at 20°C.

[0039] Based on the above principles, the recommended temperature grading scheme is shown in Table 1 below: Table 1. Recommended Temperature Classification Table

[0040] (2) Criteria for classifying the number of iterations: The cycling aging of lithium-ion batteries is mainly manifested as capacity decay and increased internal resistance, and its mechanisms include: 1. SEI film growth: Each cycle consumes lithium ions and electrolyte, and the SEI film gradually thickens, leading to loss of active lithium and increased ion transport resistance; 2. Loss of active material: changes in the structure of the positive electrode material, graphite peeling off the negative electrode, and poor contact between the active material and the current collector; 3. Electrolyte decomposition: Under high voltage and high temperature, the electrolyte gradually decomposes, resulting in a decrease in electrolyte volume and deposition of decomposition products; 4. Lithium dendrite growth: Lithium deposits on the negative electrode surface during high-current or low-temperature charging, forming dendrites and increasing the risk of internal short circuit.

[0041] A typical lithium-ion battery performance degradation law according to the present invention can be seen in Table 2 below: Table 2. Performance Degradation Pattern of Lithium-ion Batteries

[0042] Based on the above data, a recommended cycle number correction coefficient for this invention is shown in Table 3 below: Table 3. Correction Coefficient for Number of Cycles

[0043] Formula for calculating the current limiting factor: For each cell Table[i][j] in the lookup table, its current limiting factor is calculated by the following formula: Table[i][j]=I_base×f_temp(T_i)×f_cycle(N_j)×f_safety; Where: I_base: Maximum battery design current (e.g., 2C); f_temp(T_i): Temperature correction factor corresponding to temperature T_i; f_cycle(N_j): The cycle correction coefficient corresponding to the number of cycles N_j; f_safety: Safety margin coefficient (recommended value: 0.85-0.90); Example calculation: Assume the battery design has a maximum current of 2C and a safety margin factor of 0.9.

[0044] Table [25℃][100 times] = 2.0 × 1.00 × 0.90 × 0.9 = 1.62℃; Table [45℃][350 times] = 2.0 × 0.60 × 0.40 × 0.9 = 0.43℃; (4) Experimental verification method: The construction of the lookup table needs to be verified and optimized through the following experiments: 1. HPPC test: Perform mixed pulse power characteristic tests at different temperatures and cycle numbers to measure internal resistance and power capability; 2. Cyclic aging test: Cyclic aging tests are conducted at different temperatures, and capacity, internal resistance, and safety performance are measured periodically; 3. Safety testing: Overcharge, over-discharge, and short-circuit tests are conducted at different temperatures and cycles to determine safety boundaries; 4. Iterative optimization: Adjust the correction coefficient and safety margin based on experimental data and feedback from actual applications.

[0045] An example of a simplified two-dimensional lookup table according to the present invention is shown in Table 4 below: Table 4. Two-dimensional lookup table

[0046] Step S402: Real-time monitoring of temperature and cycle count During the operation of the power bank, the MCU performs the following operations in a loop using a timer (e.g., once per second): 1. Obtain the current real-time temperature T of the battery through a temperature sensor.

[0047] 2. Obtain the current cumulative cycle count N through the battery management system (BMS) or the coulomb counter inside the MCU.

[0048] Step S403: Query the two-dimensional lookup table to obtain the current limit value. The MCU uses the real-time acquired temperature T and cycle number N as indexes to query the two-dimensional lookup table constructed in step S401.

[0049] Interpolation calculation: If the real-time T and N values ​​are not at the exact index point of the table, algorithms such as bilinear interpolation can be used to calculate the accurate current limiting coefficient to achieve a smooth transition.

[0050] Obtaining the limit value: After obtaining the current limit coefficient, multiply it by the nominal capacity of the battery to calculate the absolute value of the current maximum allowable charge / discharge current (I_limit). For example, if the table shows 0.8C and the battery capacity is 5000mAh, then I_limit = 0.8 × 5000mA = 4000mA.

[0051] Step S404: Perform current control The MCU determines whether the power bank is currently charging or discharging.

[0052] Charging status: The MCU sends a command to the charging controller to set its maximum input current limit to I_limit.

[0053] Discharge status: The MCU sends a command to the discharge controller to set its maximum output current limit to I_limit.

[0054] This process is a continuous loop; once the temperature or the number of cycles changes, I_limit is recalculated and set, thus enabling dynamic management of the current.

[0055] In summary, the dynamic management method for battery charging and discharging current of the present invention has at least the following technical effects: 1. Significantly improves security throughout the entire lifecycle. Use case: A user uses a power bank that they bought two years ago and have used frequently to charge their laptop in the summer.

[0056] Problems with existing technology: Traditional power banks do not take aging factors into account and still allow large discharge currents. As the battery ages, the internal resistance increases, and the heat generated during high-current discharge increases dramatically, which can easily exceed the temperature threshold, causing overheating, bulging, or even fire.

[0057] The effects of this invention: This invention can identify that the battery is in a dual risk state of high cycle count (aging) and high temperature, and automatically reduce the discharge current to a safe level (such as from 1.5C to 0.5C), fundamentally suppressing abnormal heat generation, realizing "careful" use of aging batteries, and greatly improving the safety of the product at the end of its life.

[0058] 2. Effectively extends the actual service life of the battery Use case: Users charge the power bank in winter (when the ambient temperature is below 10℃).

[0059] Problems with existing technology: Traditional power banks typically only trigger low-temperature protection at 0°C, allowing high-current charging within the 0°C-10°C range. This causes severe lithium deposition, leading to permanent battery capacity degradation.

[0060] The advantages of this invention are: This invention can identify low-temperature conditions and automatically limit the charging current to a very small safe value (such as 0.2C) according to a lookup table, which effectively avoids lithium deposition, protects the battery structure, and thus extends the actual cycle life of the battery by more than 20%.

[0061] 3. Balancing performance and security to optimize user experience Use case: A user purchases a new power bank and intends to use it at room temperature.

[0062] Problems with existing technology: To ensure safety throughout the entire life cycle, traditional power banks may use a very conservative fixed current limit, which prevents the fast charging performance of new batteries from being fully utilized.

[0063] The advantages of this invention are: It can identify the optimal state of a battery when it is "brand new" and "at a suitable temperature," allowing it to be charged and discharged at the maximum design current (e.g., 1.5C), enabling users to experience ultimate fast charging performance from the very beginning of the product's lifespan. As the battery ages, the current gradually and smoothly decreases, achieving a perfect balance between performance and safety.

[0064] 4. Low implementation cost and easy to promote This invention is implemented entirely through software algorithms, without any additional hardware costs. Manufacturers only need to integrate the algorithm and two-dimensional lookup table into the MCU firmware, making it highly economical and scalable.

[0065] See Figure 4 A second aspect of the present invention provides a dynamic management system for battery charging and discharging current, the dynamic management system for battery charging and discharging current comprising: The table construction module 10 is used to pre-build and store a two-dimensional lookup table. The two-dimensional lookup table uses the cumulative number of battery cycles as the first dimension and the real-time temperature of the battery as the second dimension, and stores the preset current limit coefficient at the intersection of the table. The battery monitoring module 20 is used to monitor the current temperature and current cumulative cycle count of the target battery in real time. The current calculation module 30 is used to use the current temperature and the current cumulative number of cycles as query coordinates to query the current current limit coefficient in the two-dimensional lookup table, and calculate the target current limit value based on the current current limit coefficient. The charge / discharge control module 40 is used to control the charging current or discharging current of the target battery according to the target current limit value.

[0066] In an optional embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the current calculation module includes: The current limiting coefficient acquisition unit is used to obtain the current limiting coefficient corresponding to the query coordinate by interpolating the current limiting coefficients of multiple nearby intersections around the query coordinate when the query coordinate cannot be accurately found on the two-dimensional lookup table.

[0067] In an optional embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the interpolation calculation uses a bilinear interpolation algorithm, which performs a weighted average calculation based on the current limiting coefficient and coordinate position stored at the four nearest intersections of the query coordinates.

[0068] In an optional embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, in the two-dimensional lookup table, the higher the cumulative number of cycles of the battery or the higher the temperature, the smaller the corresponding current limiting coefficient.

[0069] In an optional embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the charge / discharge control module includes: The charging control unit is used to limit the maximum input current of the charging controller below the target current limit value when it determines that the current operating state of the target battery is the charging state. The discharge control unit is used to limit the maximum output current of the discharge controller below the target current limit value when it determines that the current operating state of the target battery is a discharge state.

[0070] In an optional embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the current limiting coefficient in the two-dimensional lookup table is set according to at least one inherent characteristic of the battery, including the cell material system, capacity specification, manufacturing process and application scenario.

[0071] In an optional embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the current calculation module includes: The multiplication unit is used to multiply the current current limit coefficient obtained from the query by the nominal capacity of the target battery to calculate the target current limit value.

[0072] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a portable power bank provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The portable power bank can vary significantly due to differences in configuration or performance, and may include one or more processors 50 (central processing units, CPUs) (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory 60, and one or more storage media 70 (e.g., one or more mass storage devices) for storing applications or data. The memory and storage media can be short-term or long-term storage. The program stored in the storage media may include one or more modules (not shown in the diagram), each module including a series of instruction operations on the portable power bank. Furthermore, the processor may be configured to communicate with the storage media and execute the series of instruction operations stored in the storage media on the portable power bank.

[0073] The portable power bank of this invention may also include one or more power sources 80, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 90, one or more input / output interfaces 100, and / or one or more operating systems, such as Windows Server, Mac OS X, Unix, Linux, FreeBSD, etc. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 5 The illustrated power bank structure does not constitute a limitation on the power bank and may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0074] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium or a volatile computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when the instructions are executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the dynamic management method for battery charging and discharging current.

[0075] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the system or system / unit described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0076] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0077] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic management of battery charging and discharging current, characterized in that, include: A two-dimensional lookup table is pre-built and stored. The two-dimensional lookup table uses the cumulative number of battery cycles as the first dimension and the real-time temperature of the battery as the second dimension. A preset current limit coefficient is stored at the intersection of the table. Real-time monitoring of the target battery's current temperature and current cumulative cycle count; Using the current temperature and the current cumulative number of cycles as query coordinates, the current current limit coefficient is obtained by querying the two-dimensional lookup table, and the target current limit value is calculated based on the current current limit coefficient. The charging current or discharging current of the target battery is controlled according to the target current limit value.

2. The method for dynamic management of battery charging and discharging current according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of using the current temperature and the current cumulative cycle count as query coordinates to obtain the current current limit coefficient from the two-dimensional lookup table includes: When the query coordinates cannot be accurately found on the two-dimensional lookup table, the current current limit coefficient corresponding to the query coordinates is obtained by interpolating the current limit coefficients of multiple nearby intersections around the query coordinates.

3. The method for dynamic management of battery charging and discharging current according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interpolation calculation uses a bilinear interpolation algorithm, which performs a weighted average calculation based on the current limiting coefficient and coordinate position stored at the four nearest intersection points of the query coordinates.

4. The method for dynamic management of battery charging and discharging current according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the two-dimensional lookup table, the higher the cumulative number of battery cycles or the higher the temperature, the smaller the corresponding current limiting coefficient.

5. The method for dynamic management of battery charging and discharging current according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of controlling the charging current or discharging current of the target battery according to the target current limit value includes: When the current operating state of the target battery is determined to be charging, the maximum input current of the charging controller is limited to below the target current limit value; When the current operating state of the target battery is determined to be a discharge state, the maximum output current of the discharge controller is limited to below the target current limit value.

6. The method for dynamic management of battery charging and discharging current according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current limiting coefficient in the two-dimensional lookup table is set based on at least one inherent characteristic of the battery, including the cell material system, capacity specifications, manufacturing process, and application scenario.

7. The method for dynamic management of battery charging and discharging current according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target current limit value calculated based on the current current limit coefficient includes: The target current limit value is calculated by multiplying the current current limit coefficient obtained from the query by the nominal capacity of the target battery.

8. A dynamic management system for battery charging and discharging current, characterized in that, The dynamic management system for battery charging and discharging current includes: The table construction module is used to pre-build and store a two-dimensional lookup table. The two-dimensional lookup table uses the cumulative number of battery cycles as the first dimension and the real-time temperature of the battery as the second dimension, and stores the preset current limit coefficient at the intersection of the table. The battery monitoring module is used to monitor the current temperature and current cumulative cycle count of the target battery in real time. The current calculation module is used to use the current temperature and the current cumulative number of cycles as query coordinates to retrieve the current current limit coefficient from the two-dimensional lookup table, and to calculate the target current limit value based on the current current limit coefficient. The charge / discharge control module is used to control the charging current or discharging current of the target battery according to the target current limit value.

9. A portable power bank, characterized in that, The power bank includes: a memory and at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions, and the memory and the at least one processor are interconnected via a line; The at least one processor invokes the instructions in the memory to cause the power bank to perform the dynamic management method for battery charging and discharging current as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the dynamic management method for battery charging and discharging current as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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