An ecological slope protection method based on honor structure

Abstract

The application discloses an ecological slope protection method based on a Rongxun structure, which comprises the following stages: S1, an intelligent surveying and dynamic design stage; S2, a structural anchoring and retaining wall construction stage; S3, a three-dimensional ecological restoration and community construction stage; and S4, a whole life cycle intelligent operation and monitoring stage. Through the synergistic effect of a spatial gridding anchoring soil nail system and a multi-stage self-draining Rongxun retaining wall structure, deep and shallow comprehensive reinforcement of the slope is realized. The application transcends a simple greening concept and is dedicated to constructing an ecological system with self-maintenance capability. Modular and standardized design of the application brings about optimization of a construction process and effective control of costs. The Rongxun retaining wall adopts factory-prepared ecological concrete blocks, and dry masonry or thin mortar masonry is carried out on site, so that on-site wet work and formwork engineering are greatly reduced, the construction speed is fast, the influence of weather is small, and the construction period can be significantly shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological slope protection engineering technology, and in particular to an ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of infrastructure construction in my country, a large number of artificial slopes have been formed in fields such as water conservancy projects, road transportation, and municipal construction. Slope protection engineering has always been an important topic in the field of geotechnical engineering. Traditional slope protection methods mainly adopt hard engineering measures such as masonry, concrete retaining walls, and shotcrete and anchor support. Although these methods can provide strong structural support and effectively prevent surface erosion and shallow sliding, they have obvious limitations. Hard protection structures block the exchange of water vapor between the soil and the atmosphere, disrupt the continuity of the natural ecosystem, make it difficult for vegetation to recover naturally, and cause problems such as harsh landscapes and disharmony with the surrounding environment. In addition, the production process of materials such as concrete is energy-intensive and has a large carbon emission.

[0003] With the deepening of ecological civilization construction, ecological slope protection technology has received widespread attention due to its dual functions of stabilizing slopes and restoring ecology. The core idea of ​​ecological slope protection is to use natural or eco-friendly materials as much as possible while ensuring slope safety, promoting vegetation restoration, and rebuilding a healthy ecosystem. Against this backdrop, Rongxun structures have emerged as a new type of ecological slope protection. Rongxun structures are typically constructed from precast concrete blocks or dry-laid natural stone, with soil filling the spaces between the blocks to provide space for plant growth, and possessing a certain degree of permeability and aeration.

[0004] However, existing Rongxun structural slope protection technology still faces a series of technical challenges that urgently need to be addressed in engineering practice: Insufficient structural connection reliability: Existing retaining walls often have relatively simple connection methods with the foundation, relying heavily on the self-weight of the masonry blocks and shallow foundation treatment. Under conditions of soft soil, abundant groundwater, or seismic loads, the retaining walls are prone to uneven settlement or overall slippage, posing safety hazards. Furthermore, their structural integrity is poor, making them unable to withstand significant slope thrust.

[0005] Weak synergy between slope anchoring and retaining walls: Many technical solutions fail to effectively coordinate the slope anchoring system with the retaining wall. The anchoring system (such as soil nails) and the retaining wall structure often work independently, failing to form a spatial composite force-bearing system, thus limiting the overall reinforcement effect.

[0006] Poor sustainability of vegetation restoration: Although Rongxun structures provide growth space for vegetation, planting is often limited to artificial soil filling within the block cavities, resulting in low vegetation coverage and limited species diversity. Improper formulation or rough construction techniques in slope hydroseeding can lead to poor adhesion between the hydroseeded layer and the slope, poor water and fertilizer retention, low plant survival rates, rapid community degradation, and difficulty in forming a stable, self-sustaining ecosystem.

[0007] Lack of long-term monitoring and early warning mechanisms: Existing technologies mainly focus on the immediate effects during the construction phase, lacking effective means to monitor the long-term performance of slope protection projects after completion. Real-time monitoring and intelligent early warning of structural deformation, soil stress, and vegetation growth are impossible, making it difficult to achieve the shift from "passive maintenance" to "active protection."

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new and systematic ecological slope protection method that, while inheriting the advantages of the Rongxun structure, fundamentally solves its defects in structural safety, ecological sustainability and intelligent operation and maintenance, so as to meet the higher requirements of modern engineering construction for safety, greenness and intelligence. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure. This invention optimizes the anchoring system, retaining wall connection structure and vegetation restoration technology, and introduces an intelligent monitoring system to achieve synergistic optimization of slope protection and ecological restoration.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an ecological slope protection method based on Rongxun structure, comprising the following stages: S1, Intelligent Surveying and Dynamic Design Stage; S2, Structural anchoring and retaining wall construction stage; S3, Three-dimensional ecological restoration and community construction stage; S4, Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Monitoring Phase Throughout the Entire Lifecycle.

[0011] Furthermore, the intelligent surveying and dynamic design stage specifically includes: S1.1 Perform slope topography scanning; S1.2 Generate a three-dimensional digital model of the slope; S1.3 Determine the selection scheme for anchor soil nails, Rongxun retaining wall and vegetation; S1.4 Generate digital construction drawings and dynamic bill of quantities.

[0012] Furthermore, the structural anchoring and retaining wall construction method includes: S2.1 Arrange a spatial grid-like anchoring system; S2.2, Conduct drilling operations; S2.3. Insert the threaded steel reinforcement soil nail into the hole; S2.4, Perform pressure grouting; S2.5, Perform grouting and sealing.

[0013] Furthermore, the spatial gridded anchored soil nailing system also includes reinforcement measures: a steel mesh with a diameter of not less than 6.5 mm is laid between the ends of the soil nails, with a mesh spacing of 200 mm × 200 mm, and it is connected to the ends of the soil nails by binding or welding with iron wire to form a slope reinforcement layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the construction method of the multi-stage self-draining retaining wall structure in the structural anchoring and retaining wall construction stage includes: S3.1: Retaining wall foundation treatment; S3.2: Construction of tie beams; S3.3: Block selection and pretreatment; S3.4: Retaining wall construction; S3.5: Drainage system setup; S3.6: Coping construction.

[0015] Furthermore, the ecological concrete precast blocks are formulated with rice husk ash or silica fume, and polypropylene fibers accounting for 0.5%-1.0% of the weight of the cementitious materials are added during concrete mixing to inhibit the formation of early micro-cracks in the blocks.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific implementation steps of the three-dimensional ecological restoration and community construction stage include: S4.1: Slope pretreatment; S4.2: Optimized design of imported soil formula: S4.3: Layered spraying construction; S4.4: Ecological design of retaining wall facade.

[0017] Furthermore, the plant seed mixture is configured using the following strategies: it includes deep-rooted shrubs to anchor deep soil, shallow-rooted herbs to quickly cover the surface and inhibit erosion, and nitrogen-fixing plants to improve soil fertility; before sowing, hard seeds are soaked in warm water or mechanically cracked, light-requiring seeds are not covered with too much soil, and seeds that require low temperatures to break dormancy are stratified, significantly improving germination rate and uniformity; seeds of some pioneer tree species and climax community tree species are included to guide the slope vegetation towards the local climax community for natural succession, enhancing the stability of the ecosystem.

[0018] Furthermore, the construction method for the intelligent operation and maintenance monitoring phase throughout the entire lifecycle includes: S5.1: Sensor Network Deployment: S5.2: Data Acquisition and Transmission; S5.3: Data Analysis and Intelligent Early Warning; S5.4: Establish a visualization platform.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a post-maintenance and adaptive management module: S6.1: Vegetation maintenance.

[0020] S6.2: Structural maintenance.

[0021] S6.3: Data Feedback and Model Optimization.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that this invention can achieve are: 1. Significant improvement in slope stability and structural safety: Through the synergistic effect of the spatial grid anchored soil nail system and the multi-stage self-draining retaining wall structure, comprehensive reinforcement of the slope at both deep and shallow levels is achieved; 2. Fundamental improvement in ecological restoration and biodiversity: This invention goes beyond the simple concept of greening and is committed to building a self-sustaining ecosystem; 3. Comprehensive improvement in construction efficiency, economy and project quality: The modular and standardized design of this invention brings about optimization of the construction process and effective cost control; 4. Revolutionary breakthrough in intelligent operation and maintenance and long-term security monitoring: This invention introduces the concept of full life cycle management and realizes the transformation from "passive maintenance" to "proactive early warning" through intelligent technology. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent surveying and dynamic design stages of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural anchoring and retaining wall construction stages of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a supplementary schematic diagram of the structural anchoring and retaining wall construction stage of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional ecological restoration and community construction stages of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent operation and maintenance monitoring stage throughout the entire lifecycle of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the post-maintenance and adaptive management module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Combination Figures 1 to 7As shown, this invention provides an ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure, which is a comprehensive system engineering project integrating structural reinforcement, ecological restoration and intelligent monitoring, including the following stages executed sequentially: Step 1, Intelligent Survey and Dynamic Design Stage: Based on slope geographic information system data and real-time on-site survey results, construct a three-dimensional digital model of the slope, conduct stability analysis, and dynamically optimize various parameters of the slope protection scheme; Step 2, Structural Anchoring and Retaining Wall Construction Stage: Construct a composite support system on the slope surface, which is a combination of a spatially gridded anchored soil nail system and a multi-stage self-draining retaining wall structure. Step 3, Three-dimensional ecological restoration and community construction stage: Using layered topsoil spraying technology and native plant community configuration, a three-dimensional ecological protection layer with self-sustaining capacity is constructed on the slope and retaining wall structure. Step 4, Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Monitoring Stage throughout the Entire Life Cycle: Integrate a sensor network inside and on the surface of the slope protection structure to monitor the structural health status and ecological environment parameters in real time, transmit data, and provide intelligent early warnings.

[0025] The intelligent surveying and dynamic design phase specifically includes: Step 1.1: Use a drone equipped with a lidar to scan the slope terrain, obtain high-precision point cloud data, and combine it with geological drilling data to determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock and soil, the location of potential slip surfaces, and hydrogeological conditions. Step 1.2: Import the survey data into BIM modeling software to generate a three-dimensional digital model of the slope, and simulate the stress-strain state and safety factor of the slope under different working conditions using finite element analysis software. Step 1.3: Based on the simulation results, dynamically determine the density, length, and inclination angle of the anchor soil nails, the graded height and setback width of the Rongxun retaining wall, and the species selection scheme for vegetation restoration; among them, the height of each Rongxun retaining wall is determined according to the overall slope ratio and soil cohesion, and controlled between 1.5-2.0m, and an ecological buffer platform with a width of not less than 0.5m is set between the grades; Step 1.4: Generate digital construction drawings and dynamic bill of quantities that include construction coordinates, material list, and process requirements.

[0026] The construction methods for spatially gridded anchored soil nailing systems in the structural anchoring and retaining wall construction phase include: Step 2.1: Based on the dynamic design results, the anchor soil nail hole positions are laid out on the slope surface using a cross-shaped staggered arrangement pattern to form a spatial grid-like anchoring system; the soil nail spacing is 1.0m×1.0m, which can be adjusted between 0.8m and 1.2m according to the slope stability condition; Step 2.2: Use a geological drilling rig to perform drilling operations. The borehole diameter should not be less than 40mm, and the hole depth should exceed the designed soil nail length by 100mm to ensure that the hole depth meets the requirements after the sediment is cleaned. Step 2.3: Insert the pre-processed HRB400 grade threaded steel bar soil nails into the hole. The diameter of the soil nails should not be less than 25mm. For slopes with a height of more than 10m, the diameter of the lower soil nails should be increased to 30mm or more. The relationship between the length L of the soil nail and the height H of the slope should satisfy: L=(0.5~0.7)H, and should not be less than 3.0m. Step 2.4: Pressure grouting is performed using a grouting pump. The grouting material is pure cement slurry or cement mortar with a water-cement ratio of 0.4-0.5. The grouting pressure is not less than 0.3MPa and not more than 0.5MPa to prevent soil splitting. A two-stage grouting process is adopted. After the first grouting reaches the hole opening and grout returns, a second grouting is performed after an interval of 2 hours to ensure that the grout is full and dense. Step 2.5: The ends of the soil nails are sealed with C20 fine aggregate concrete to form a pier structure. The length of the grouting hole is not less than 500mm, the concrete slump is controlled at 120-160mm, and the surface is smoothed after compaction.

[0027] The spatial gridded anchored soil nailing system also includes reinforcement measures: a steel mesh with a diameter of not less than 6.5 mm is laid between the ends of the soil nails, with a mesh spacing of 200 mm × 200 mm, and it is connected to the ends of the soil nails by binding or welding with wire to form a slope reinforcement layer.

[0028] The construction method of the multi-stage self-draining Rongxun retaining wall structure in the structural anchoring and retaining wall construction stage includes: Step 3.1: Retaining wall foundation treatment: Excavate the retaining wall foundation to the stable bearing layer according to the design elevation, compact and level it, and then pour a C15 plain concrete cushion layer with a thickness of not less than 100mm. Step 3.2: Construction of the connecting beam: Construct C20 concrete connecting beams on the foundation. The cross-sectional dimensions of the connecting beams shall not be less than 200mm × 300mm. The beams shall be equipped with no less than 4 longitudinal main bars of HRB335 grade with a diameter of 12mm and stirrups with a diameter of not less than 6mm and a spacing of 200mm. HRB335 grade anchoring bars with a diameter of 16mm and a length of not less than 1.0m shall be installed between the connecting beams and the stable foundation, with a spacing of 1.0m, to ensure that the retaining wall and the ground form an integral whole. Step 3.3: Block Selection and Pretreatment: The retaining wall blocks are made of C30 ecological concrete precast, with standard dimensions of 500mm long × 300mm wide × 200mm high; HPB300 grade connecting steel bars with a diameter of not less than 8mm are pre-embedded inside the blocks, with an exposed length of not less than 100mm; the blocks themselves have a porous structure with a porosity between 20% and 25%, which is conducive to the penetration of plant roots and drainage of the wall in the later stage; Step 3.4: Retaining Wall Construction: Dry masonry or thin mortar masonry should be used to construct the wall in layers from bottom to top; the upper and lower layers of blocks should be staggered and overlapped, with an overlap length of not less than 1 / 3 of the block length; the vertical joints between blocks should be filled with M10 cement mortar to a fullness of not less than 90%; the connecting steel bars embedded in the blocks should be connected to the corresponding steel bars of adjacent blocks by binding or welding, and 6mm diameter steel mesh should be laid in key parts (such as corners, every 2-3 layers) to further enhance the overall integrity; Step 3.5: Drainage system setup: Lay a graded crushed stone filter layer with a thickness of not less than 300mm behind the retaining wall, and set geotextile between the filter layer and the soil; reserve drainage holes at the horizontal joints of each layer of blocks, with a diameter of not less than 50mm, spaced 2.0-3.0m apart, arranged in a quincunx pattern, to smoothly drain water behind the wall. Step 3.6: Coping construction: After the retaining wall is built to the design elevation, C25 concrete coping is poured on the top of the wall. The thickness of the coping is not less than 100mm, and the width is the same as the width of the masonry block. The coping is equipped with a structural steel mesh.

[0029] The formulation of ecological concrete precast blocks incorporates an appropriate amount (10%-15% by weight of cementitious materials) of rice husk ash or silica fume to improve the durability and impermeability of the blocks; at the same time, polypropylene fibers, accounting for 0.5%-1.0% by weight of cementitious materials, are added during concrete mixing to inhibit the formation of early micro-cracks in the blocks.

[0030] The specific implementation steps of the three-dimensional ecological restoration and community construction stage include: Step 4.1: Slope pretreatment: Clean up loose stones and debris from the slope, roughen overly smooth rock slopes to increase the adhesion of topsoil; lay a three-dimensional geonet that is firmly connected to the ends of the anchor soil nails and the steel mesh. Step 4.2: Optimization Design of Topsoil Formula: The topsoil materials are scientifically proportioned according to the following weight percentages: Basic soil components (40%-45%): Fertile topsoil from near the project site should be used first, and stones and roots should be removed by sieving; Organic matter component (20%-25%): a mixture of well-rotted farmyard manure, peat moss, and straw humus in a certain proportion, providing long-lasting nutrients; Structural improvement components (15%-20%): including perlite, vermiculite, and sand, to improve the air and water permeability of the topsoil; Functional additives (5%-10%) include water-retaining agents (crosslinked polyacrylamide, dosage 0.3%), binders (environmentally friendly polymers, dosage 0.2%), slow-release compound fertilizers (NPK, dosage 1.0%), and soil conditioners (such as lime to adjust pH). Plant seed mixture (5%-8%): Based on local climate, soil conditions and slope orientation, a variety of native shrubs, small trees and herbaceous plants are scientifically selected and mixed.

[0031] Step 4.3: Layered hydroseeding: High-performance hydroseeding machines are used for this process. Base layer hydroseeding: First, a base layer with a thickness of about 30-40mm, mainly composed of adhesive and water-retaining agent, is hydroseeded to ensure a firm bond with the slope. Seed layer spraying: Mix the plant seeds evenly with some topsoil and then spray them to a thickness of about 20-30mm to ensure that the seeds are evenly distributed and at a suitable germination depth. Covering layer spraying: Finally, spray the remaining topsoil to the designed total thickness (not less than 100mm), and lightly compact and level the surface.

[0032] Step 4.4: Ecologicalization of the retaining wall facade: In the reserved holes or surface planting troughs of the Rongxun retaining wall blocks, fill the holes with topsoil and plant climbing plants (such as Virginia creeper, Trachelospermum jasminoides) or drought-tolerant Sedum plants to promote vertical greening of the retaining wall facade.

[0033] The plant seed mixture was prepared using the following strategy: Species diversity: includes deep-rooted shrubs (such as Amorpha fruticosa and Lespedeza bicolor, accounting for 40%) to anchor deep soil, shallow-rooted herbs (such as ryegrass and Bermuda grass, accounting for 50%) to quickly cover the surface and inhibit erosion, and nitrogen-fixing plants (such as legumes, accounting for 10%) to improve soil fertility. Seed pretreatment: Before sowing, hard seeds (such as Amorpha fruticosa) are soaked in warm water or mechanically broken. Seeds that require light (such as some herbaceous plants) are not covered with soil too deeply. Seeds that require low temperature to break dormancy are stratified to significantly improve germination rate and uniformity. Ecological succession considerations: Configuring seeds of some pioneer tree species and climax community tree species to guide the slope vegetation towards the local climax community for natural succession, thereby enhancing the stability of the ecosystem.

[0034] The specific implementation steps of the intelligent operation and maintenance monitoring phase throughout the entire lifecycle include: Step 5.1: Sensor Network Deployment: Structural monitoring sensors: Miniature inclinometers and strain gauges are installed at key parts of the Rongxun retaining wall (such as the foundation, middle, and top) to monitor the displacement and deformation of the retaining wall; rebar gauges are installed on representative anchored soil nails to monitor changes in soil nail stress; and earth pressure cells are installed behind the retaining wall to monitor the distribution of earth pressure.

[0035] Ecological environment sensors: Soil moisture sensors and temperature sensors are buried at different depths (e.g., 10cm, 30cm) in the topsoil layer; small weather stations are installed on the slope to monitor meteorological data such as rainfall, wind speed, and sunshine.

[0036] Step 5.2: Data Acquisition and Transmission: All sensors are connected through a data acquisition unit. The acquisition unit has a built-in wireless communication module (such as 4G / 5G or LoRa) and packages the collected data according to a set frequency (such as once per hour, or once every 15 minutes during heavy rain) and sends it to the cloud server or remote monitoring center.

[0037] Step 5.3: Data Analysis and Intelligent Early Warning: The cloud server is equipped with professional data analysis software and early warning models. The system analyzes structural monitoring data and calculates the slope stability safety factor in real time. When the rate of displacement or stress change exceeds the preset threshold, the system automatically triggers three levels of early warning information (attention, warning, danger) and pushes it to the management personnel via SMS, email or platform message. By analyzing ecological and environmental data and combining them with weather forecasts, the system can automatically activate irrigation systems or prompt artificial watering when soil moisture is below the plant wilting coefficient; and assess erosion risks in advance when heavy rainfall is predicted.

[0038] Step 5.4: Visualization Platform: Establish a Web-GI-based visualization monitoring platform to display sensor locations, monitoring data, and early warning status in real time within the digital twin model, thereby achieving visualized and intelligent management of slope protection projects.

[0039] It also includes a post-maintenance and adaptive management module: Step 6.1: Vegetation maintenance: Immediately after spraying, cover with biodegradable non-woven fabric to retain moisture; in the early stage (1-30 days), implement precise irrigation based on soil moisture sensor data to ensure the water required for seed germination and seedling growth; in the later stage, carry out necessary thinning, reseeding, fertilization and pest and disease control.

[0040] Step 6.2: Structural maintenance: Regularly (e.g., once a year or after heavy rain) check the structural condition through a visualization platform and make minor repairs as necessary; use drones equipped with high-definition cameras for regular inspections and automatically identify changes in vegetation cover and structural defects through image recognition technology.

[0041] Step 6.3: Data Feedback and Model Optimization: Feedback of long-term monitoring data to the initial design model, continuously correcting and optimizing design parameters, and providing more accurate design basis for similar slope projects.

[0042] The blocks are rectangular hexahedrons with standard dimensions of 500mm long × 300mm wide × 200mm high, made of C30 eco-friendly concrete. The blocks have at least two vertical holes penetrating the top and bottom surfaces, with a hole diameter of approximately 50-80mm, which reduces weight and facilitates drainage and plant root growth. At least one side of the block has an interlocking structure to enhance the interlocking ability between blocks. The blocks have embedded steel sleeves or exposed connecting bars for connection.

[0043] The special mixture for topsoil spraying is a uniform mixture of the following components by weight percentage: 40%-45% sieved topsoil, 20%-25% well-rotted organic fertilizer, 15%-20% perlite and vermiculite mixture, 0.3%-0.5% water-retaining agent, 0.2%-0.4% environmentally friendly binder, 1.0%-1.5% slow-release compound fertilizer, and 5%-8% seed mixture composed of various native plant seeds.

[0044] The intelligent monitoring system includes a sensor network deployed on the slope, data acquisition and transmission devices, a cloud-based data analysis and processing platform, and a user terminal early warning display interface. The sensor network includes inclinometers for monitoring retaining wall deformation, rebar gauges for monitoring soil nail stress, humidity sensors for monitoring soil moisture, and a small weather station. The system can realize automatic data acquisition, wireless transmission, real-time analysis, safety assessment, and multi-channel early warning.

[0045] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. Significant improvement in slope stability and structural safety: Through the synergistic effect of the spatial grid anchored soil nail system and the multi-stage self-draining retaining wall structure, comprehensive reinforcement of the slope at both deep and shallow levels is achieved.

[0046] 2. Fundamental improvement in ecological restoration and biodiversity: This invention goes beyond the simple concept of greening and is committed to building a self-sustaining ecosystem.

[0047] 3. Comprehensive improvement in construction efficiency, economy and project quality: The modular and standardized design of this invention brings about the optimization of the construction process and effective cost control.

[0048] Convenient and efficient construction: Rongxun retaining walls use factory-prefabricated eco-friendly concrete blocks, which are dry-laid or thin-mortar-laid on site, greatly reducing on-site wet work and formwork engineering. The construction speed is fast, less affected by the weather, and the construction period can be significantly shortened.

[0049] Materials and cost optimization: The prefabrication of blocks reduces material waste; the amount of materials used, such as anchor soil nails, is precisely calculated through dynamic design, avoiding waste caused by over-design. At the same time, the use of local materials (such as topsoil in imported soil) reduces transportation costs.

[0050] Enhanced quality control: Standardized blocks and clear construction parameters (such as grouting pressure and spraying thickness) make construction quality easier to control and inspect, reduce quality fluctuations caused by human factors, and ensure the uniformity of the project.

[0051] Revolutionary breakthrough in intelligent operation and maintenance and long-term security monitoring This invention introduces the concept of full life cycle management and realizes the transformation from "passive maintenance" to "proactive early warning" through intelligent technology.

[0052] Real-time safety monitoring: The integrated sensor network can monitor the key mechanical indicators (such as displacement and stress) and ecological environment parameters (such as soil moisture) of the slope protection structure 24 / 7, realizing a real-time "physical examination" of the slope's health status.

[0053] Intelligent early warning and scientific decision-making: Based on the cloud platform data analysis model, it can intelligently analyze massive monitoring data and issue graded early warnings in a timely manner before potential dangers occur (such as abnormally increased displacement rate), winning valuable time for managers to take intervention measures, transforming post-event remediation into pre-event prevention, and greatly improving the safety management level of the project.

[0054] Data-driven optimization and accumulation: Long-term monitoring data provides valuable feedback for evaluating the rationality of design schemes, provides a scientific basis for optimizing design parameters for similar projects, and forms a valuable engineering database.

[0055] 5. Significantly enhanced landscape harmony and environmental and social benefits The natural and harmonious landscape effect: The block structure of Rongxun Retaining Wall has a regular aesthetic. The comprehensive greening of the wall and slope makes it blend perfectly with the surrounding natural environment, overcoming the rigidity and visual pollution of traditional concrete or masonry slope protection, and enhancing the landscape value of the area.

[0056] Comprehensive environmental benefits: While stabilizing soil and protecting slopes, this method also provides ecological services such as purifying the air, reducing noise, and regulating the microclimate.

[0057] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure, characterized in that, Includes the following stages: S1, Intelligent Surveying and Dynamic Design Stage; S2, Structural anchoring and retaining wall construction stage; S3, Three-dimensional ecological restoration and community construction stage; S4, Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Monitoring Phase Throughout the Entire Lifecycle.

2. The ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent surveying and dynamic design phase specifically includes: S1.1 Perform slope topography scanning; S1.2 Generate a three-dimensional digital model of the slope; S1.3 Determine the selection scheme for anchor soil nails, Rongxun retaining wall and vegetation; S1.4 Generate digital construction drawings and dynamic bill of quantities.

3. The ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction method for the structural anchoring and retaining wall construction phase includes: S2.1 Arrange a spatial grid-like anchoring system; S2.2, Conduct drilling operations; S2.

3. Insert the threaded steel reinforcement soil nail into the hole; S2.4, Perform pressure grouting; S2.5, Perform grouting and sealing.

4. The ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The spatial gridded anchored soil nailing system also includes reinforcement measures: a steel mesh with a diameter of not less than 6.5 mm is laid between the ends of the soil nails, with a mesh spacing of 200 mm × 200 mm, and the mesh is tied or welded to the ends of the soil nails to form a slope reinforcement layer.

5. The ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction method of the multi-stage self-draining retaining wall structure in the structural anchoring and retaining wall construction stage includes: S3.1: Retaining wall foundation treatment; S3.2: Construction of tie beams; S3.3: Block selection and pretreatment; S3.4: Retaining wall construction; S3.5: Drainage system setup; S3.6: Coping construction.

6. The ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The formula of the ecological concrete precast blocks incorporates rice husk ash or silica fume, and polypropylene fibers accounting for 0.5%-1.0% of the weight of the cementitious materials are added during concrete mixing to inhibit the formation of early micro-cracks in the blocks.

7. The ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific implementation steps of the three-dimensional ecological restoration and community construction stage include: S4.1: Slope pretreatment; S4.2: Optimized design of imported soil formula: S4.3: Layered spraying construction; S4.4: Ecological design of retaining wall facade.

8. The ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The plant seed mixture is configured using the following strategies: it includes deep-rooted shrubs to anchor deep soil, shallow-rooted herbs to quickly cover the surface and inhibit erosion, and nitrogen-fixing plants to improve soil fertility; before sowing, hard seeds are soaked in warm water or mechanically cracked, light-requiring seeds are not covered with too much soil, and seeds that require low temperatures to break dormancy are stratified to significantly improve germination rate and uniformity; seeds of some pioneer tree species and climax community tree species are included to guide the slope vegetation towards the local climax community for natural succession, thereby enhancing the stability of the ecosystem.

9. The ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction method for the intelligent operation and maintenance monitoring phase throughout the entire lifecycle includes: S5.1: Sensor Network Deployment: S5.2: Data Acquisition and Transmission; S5.3: Data Analysis and Intelligent Early Warning; S5.4: Establish a visualization platform.

10. The ecological slope protection method based on the Rongxun structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a post-maintenance and adaptive management module: S6.1: Vegetation maintenance; S6.2: Structural maintenance; S6.3: Data Feedback and Model Optimization.

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