A dam downstream river section into river pollution discharge dynamic regulation method and system

Abstract

The application provides a dam downstream river section river pollution discharge amount dynamic regulation method and system, the method comprises the following steps: collecting research river section hydrology and water quality monitoring data; according to the collected hydrology and water quality monitoring data, the monthly flow condition and water quality index concentration condition of the research river section are determined, and the flow condition and concentration condition range are expanded; a two-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model is established to simulate hydrology and water quality, the flow condition and water quality index concentration condition of a certain month of the research river section are selected, the pollution carrying capacity of each group of conditions of the research river section is calculated; the influence factors are quantified, the comprehensive influence value of flow change and water quality change is calculated, and the dominant interval is delimited; the flow and pollutant background concentration of the upstream control section of the target river section and the river pollution discharge amount of the target river section are monitored in real time, the real-time data are compared with the delimited dominant interval, and the dynamic regulation strategy is developed and executed. The application can realize the scientific development of the river pollution discharge amount dynamic regulation strategy based on the upstream hydrology and water quality conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of water environment protection and river dynamics technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for dynamic regulation of sewage discharge into the river in the downstream section of a dam. Background Technology

[0002] The determination of the permitted discharge volume into rivers is influenced not only by factors such as the type of pollution source, pollutant discharge pathways, distribution of discharge outlets, and discharge standards, but also by factors such as the river's hydrological conditions, topography, background concentration, and management objectives. If the permitted discharge volume is too small, it will restrict regional planning, development positioning, and industrial scale; if the permitted discharge volume is too large, it will impose higher requirements on regional ecological and environmental protection measures, making it difficult to meet regional ecological and environmental assessment targets. Therefore, scientifically determining the permitted discharge volume into river sections is of great significance for regional economic and social development and ecological and environmental protection.

[0003] The key basis for determining the permissible discharge volume into a river section is its water environment carrying capacity (such as the water area's pollution carrying capacity or water environment capacity). That is, the permissible discharge volume into a river section cannot exceed its water environment carrying capacity. Currently, scientific calculation methods are generally used to determine the water environment carrying capacity of a river section, and then the permissible discharge volume is determined accordingly. In 2010, the industry standard document "Calculation Procedure for Water Area Pollution Carrying Capacity" (GB / T 25173-2010, hereinafter referred to as the "Procedure") was issued and widely applied to the calculation of water area pollution carrying capacity in rivers. Meanwhile, to meet the needs of water area pollution carrying capacity calculation under different scenarios, relevant experts and scholars have conducted in-depth research on aspects such as design hydrological conditions, generalization of pollution sources or discharge outlets, and determination of model parameters in the "Procedure." Based on different management needs and practical requirements, they have proposed dynamic pollution carrying capacity calculation, achieving fruitful and highly operable results, and providing new technical methods and research ideas for the management of permissible discharge volumes into river sections.

[0004] Currently, significant progress has been made in the theory and methods for defining, calculating, and determining the parameters of a water body's pollution carrying capacity, and a series of practical application problems in managing the permissible discharge of pollutants into rivers have been solved. However, there is still a gap between these advancements and actual management requirements. Firstly, the "Regulations" calculate the pollution carrying capacity of a water body based on the hydrological conditions of the most unfavorable month (dry season) under strict water environment protection requirements. The calculated value is relatively small and remains constant throughout the year. Although dynamic pollution carrying capacity has been extended to calculate the pollution carrying capacity of a water body for each month and to determine the permissible discharge of pollutants into the river each month, it still falls short of meeting the differentiated and refined needs of the water environment. Secondly, the pollution carrying capacity of a water body is closely related to the hydrological and water quality conditions of the upstream flow. Since the hydrological and water quality conditions of the upstream flow are constantly changing, the pollution carrying capacity of the water body should also change accordingly. Therefore, the permissible discharge of pollutants into the river should also change with the changes in the upstream hydrological and water quality conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a method and system for dynamic regulation of sewage discharge into the river in the downstream section of a dam. This method can scientifically, rationally, and quickly determine the permissible sewage discharge into the river section based on the hydrological and water quality conditions of the upstream flow, thus contributing to the refined management of the water environment and providing reliable support for regional socio-economic development and ecological environmental protection.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for dynamically regulating the amount of sewage discharged into a river downstream of a dam is provided, comprising: Collect and study hydrological monitoring data for the river section, including river topography, hydrological monitoring data, and water quality monitoring data; Based on the collected hydrological monitoring data, the monthly flow conditions and water quality index concentration conditions for the study river section were determined, and the scope of flow conditions and concentration conditions was expanded. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model was established to simulate hydrology and water quality. The flow conditions and water quality index concentration conditions of a certain month in the study river section were selected and combined to form the calculation conditions for that month. The pollution carrying capacity of each set of conditions in the study river section was calculated. Quantify the influencing factors, calculate the combined impact of flow rate changes and water quality changes, and delineate the dominant range; Real-time monitoring of the flow rate and background concentration of pollutants at the upstream control section of the target river segment, as well as the current discharge of pollutants into the river, is used to compare the real-time data with the defined dominant intervals, and dynamic control strategies are formulated and implemented.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0008] Optionally, the hydrological monitoring data for the studied river section includes: river topography data, river roughness parameters, long-series hydrological monitoring data from upstream, downstream and tributary hydrological stations, water quality monitoring data from automatic water quality monitoring stations or monitoring sections in upstream, downstream and tributary sections, and comprehensive attenuation coefficients of major pollutants entering the river.

[0009] Optionally, the determination of monthly flow conditions and water quality index concentration conditions for the study river section includes: Based on the collected hydrological and water quality monitoring data, the upper and lower limits of the monthly flow rate of the upstream section of the study river were determined, as well as the upper and lower limits of the monthly concentrations of major water quality indicators of the upstream section of the study river.

[0010] Optionally, the range of flow rate conditions and concentration conditions includes: The maximum traffic limit shall not be less than the monthly traffic cap, and the minimum traffic limit shall not be greater than the monthly traffic floor limit; The maximum concentration of water quality indicators shall not be less than the upper limit of the concentration of water quality indicators for the month, and the minimum concentration of water quality indicators shall not be greater than the lower limit of the concentration of water quality indicators for the month.

[0011] Optionally, the establishment of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model for hydrological and water quality simulation includes: The Saint-Venant equations are used to describe water flow, and a two-dimensional planar water quality migration and transformation equation is used to describe the migration and diffusion process of pollutants. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model is constructed, which includes hydrodynamic equations and water quality equations.

[0012] Optionally, the expression for calculating the contamination-holding capacity is:

[0013] In the formula, Pollution-holding capacity, g / s; The target concentration for water quality is mg / L, determined according to the water quality standards for water function zones. The background concentration of pollutants is expressed in mg / L, which is the water quality concentration at the upstream section under this operating condition. d is the comprehensive pollutant attenuation coefficient. - ¹; To study the length of the river segment, m; The average flow velocity across the cross section is expressed in m / s. The average water depth at the cross-section is in meters (m).

[0014] Optionally, the quantification of influencing factors, calculating the combined impact value of flow rate changes and water quality changes, includes: Under a fixed background concentration, calculate the change in pollution-carrying capacity caused by changes in flow rate and define the impact value of flow rate changes; Under a fixed flow rate, calculate the change in pollution-carrying capacity caused by changes in background concentration, and define the impact value of water quality changes; The comprehensive impact value is obtained by subtracting the impact value of water quality changes from the impact value of flow rate changes.

[0015] Optionally, the definition of the dominant interval includes: When the comprehensive impact value is greater than zero, it is determined to be the flow-dominant range. Within this range, increasing the upstream flow is more effective in improving the pollution carrying capacity than reducing the upstream pollutant input. When the comprehensive impact value is less than zero, it is determined to be the range where the background concentration is dominant. Within this range, reducing the input of upstream pollutants is more effective in improving the pollution carrying capacity than increasing the upstream flow.

[0016] Optionally, comparing real-time data with the defined dominant interval to formulate and execute a dynamic control strategy includes: If the real-time data falls within the range dominated by hydrological elements, the hydraulic dispatch strategy is activated: instructions are sent to the upstream reservoir group to increase the downstream discharge, thereby increasing the upstream inflow. If real-time data falls within the dominant range of water quality factors, pollution control strategies will be activated: issue early warnings to upstream environmental regulatory departments, strengthen supervision of key polluting units, reduce the amount of pollutants entering the river, and lower the background concentration.

[0017] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a dynamic control system for sewage discharge into a river section downstream of a dam is provided, comprising: The basic data collection module for hydrological data is used to collect hydrological monitoring data for the research river section, including river topography, hydrological monitoring data and water quality monitoring data; The hydrological and water quality simulation and operating condition determination module is used to determine the monthly flow operating conditions and water quality index concentration operating conditions of the study river section based on the collected hydrological monitoring data, and to expand the range of flow operating conditions and concentration operating conditions; to establish a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model for hydrological and water quality simulation, to select the flow operating conditions and water quality index concentration operating conditions of a certain month of the study river section, to combine them to form the calculation operating conditions for that month, and to calculate the pollution carrying capacity of each set of operating conditions of the study river section. The dynamic control strategy formulation and execution module is used to quantify influencing factors, calculate the combined impact of flow and water quality changes, and delineate the dominant range; it monitors the flow and background concentration of pollutants at the upstream control section of the target river segment in real time, as well as the current discharge of pollutants into the river in the target river segment, compares the real-time data with the delineated dominant range, and formulates and executes dynamic control strategies.

[0018] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a method and system for dynamic control of sewage discharge into a river section downstream of a dam. By quantitatively analyzing the impact of flow rate and water quality concentration on sewage carrying capacity, it clarifies the dominant factors under different operating conditions, providing a scientific basis for the formulation of control measures. It fully considers the monthly differences and real-time changes in upstream flow rate and water quality concentration, breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed sewage carrying capacity and realizing dynamic control of sewage discharge into the river. It constructs a three-dimensional scatter plot, which can be used to quickly query the allowable sewage discharge under real-time operating conditions using interpolation methods, without the need for repeated modeling and calculation. Combined with the hydrological and water quality characteristics of the river section, it realizes differentiated sewage discharge control with "one policy per month and one policy per situation", taking into account both social and economic development and ecological environmental protection needs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for dynamically controlling the amount of sewage discharged into a river downstream of a dam, provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a scatter plot of flow rate, ammonia nitrogen concentration, and pollution carrying capacity under different operating conditions provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Understandably, given the deficiencies in the background technology, this invention proposes a method for dynamically controlling the amount of sewage discharged into the river in the downstream section of the dam, specifically as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step S1: Collect hydrological monitoring data for the research river section, including river topography, hydrological monitoring data, and water quality monitoring data; Specifically, the collection and study of hydrological monitoring data for the river section includes: River topographic data (including measured underwater elevation data of the river channel) and river roughness parameters (which can be calibrated from measured data or obtained by referring to similar areas); Hydrological monitoring data from upstream and downstream hydrological stations and tributaries, including hydrological elements such as flow rate, water level, and flow velocity (it is recommended to use hourly monitoring data from the most recent 3-5 years); water quality monitoring data from automatic water quality monitoring stations or monitoring sections in upstream and downstream and tributaries, focusing on major water quality indicators such as ammonia nitrogen and COD. The comprehensive attenuation coefficient of major pollutants entering the river (can be calculated by back-calculation from measured hydrological and water quality data).

[0022] Step S2: Based on the collected hydrological monitoring data, determine the monthly flow conditions and water quality index concentration conditions for the study river section, and expand the scope of flow conditions and concentration conditions. The determination of monthly flow conditions and water quality index concentration conditions for the study river section includes: Monthly Flow Range Determination and Operating Condition Design: Based on collected hydrological monitoring data, determine the upper limit (maximum flow) and lower limit (minimum flow) of the monthly flow at the upstream section of the study river segment throughout the year, and appropriately expand the flow range (maximum flow not less than the maximum flow of the month, minimum flow not greater than the minimum flow of the month). Starting from the month with the smaller flow range, determine the flow increment by considering factors such as the proportion of that month's flow range to the annual flow range, the length of the study river segment, and the flow process variation pattern. And obtain the monthly traffic condition set based on this traffic increment. ,in , , This represents the number of traffic conditions for that month. Determining the Monthly Water Quality Concentration Range and Operating Condition Design: Based on collected water quality monitoring data, determine the upper limit (maximum concentration of the month) and lower limit (minimum concentration of the month) of the main water quality indicators (such as ammonia nitrogen and COD) concentrations at the upstream section of the study river each month of the year, and appropriately expand the concentration range (the maximum concentration should not be less than the maximum concentration of the month, and the minimum concentration should not be greater than the minimum concentration of the month). This is done according to a certain concentration increment. The water quality index concentration conditions for the month are divided into sets of concentration conditions. ,in This is the lowest concentration after the expansion this month. This is the highest concentration since the expansion began that month. This represents the number of operating conditions with the required concentration for that month.

[0023] Step S3: Establish a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model to simulate hydrology and water quality. Select the flow rate and water quality index concentration conditions for a certain month in the study river section, combine them to form the calculation conditions for that month, and calculate the pollution carrying capacity of each set of conditions in the study river section. In this embodiment, the Saint-Venant equations are used to describe water flow, and the two-dimensional planar water quality migration and transformation equations are used to describe the pollutant migration and diffusion process, thus constructing a two-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model.

[0024] The two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model includes hydrodynamic equations and water quality equations, specifically expressed as follows: The hydrodynamic equations include: 1) Continuity equation (1) 2) Momentum equation direction: (2) direction: (3) In the formula, , They are respectively , Flow velocity component in the direction, m / s; Density of water, kg / m³ 3 ; The effective viscosity coefficient; , They are respectively , The drag coefficient in the direction of travel; Elevation of water surface, in meters (m); Water depth, in meters; For time, in seconds.

[0025] Water quality equation: According to the principle of mass conservation, the two-dimensional planar water quality migration and transformation equation is: (4) In the formula, , These are the longitudinal diffusion coefficient and the lateral diffusion coefficient, respectively, m 2 / s; Pollutant concentration, mg / L; The pollutant load is categorized by source and sink.

[0026] Pollution carrying capacity calculation: The analytical solution method is used to calculate the pollution carrying capacity of the water body. For straight river sections, the effects of lateral flow velocity and longitudinal dispersion are ignored, and pollutant discharge does not change with time. .make Then equation (4) can be transformed into: (5) In the formula, The longitudinal distance along the river section is in meters (m). The lateral distance to the shore is in meters (m). The comprehensive pollutant attenuation coefficient is 1 / s.

[0027] The river cross-section is generalized as a rectangle, and the average pollutant concentration at a representative point in the water area is: (6) When the concentration of pollutants at the shoreline is used as the control concentration at the downstream control section, that is... The concentration of pollutants on the shore is: (7) Finally, the sewage outlets into the river are generalized to the middle of the calculated river section, i.e. The corresponding water body's pollution carrying capacity is: (8) In the formula, Pollution holding capacity (g / s); The target concentration for water quality is (mg / L, determined according to the water quality standards for water function zones). The background concentration of pollutants is (mg / L, i.e., the water quality concentration at the upstream section under this operating condition). The comprehensive pollutant attenuation coefficient (d) - ¹); To study the length of the river segment (m); The cross-sectional average velocity is (m / s). The average water depth across the cross section (m); Operating condition combination: Select the flow rate and water quality index concentration conditions for a specific month in the study river section, and combine them to form the calculation conditions for that month (total). Group); Simulation and parameter extraction: For each set of calculation conditions in the month, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model was used to simulate the hydrology and water quality of the research river section, and key parameters such as bank flow velocity and water depth in the water function zone of the research river section were extracted.

[0028] The pollution carrying capacity of each working condition in the research river section was calculated.

[0029] Step 4: Quantify the influencing factors, calculate the combined impact of flow rate changes and water quality changes, and delineate the dominant range; The combined impact of the calculated flow rate change and water quality change includes: Define the impact value of flow change : With a fixed background concentration Below, flow changes The resulting change in the pollution-carrying capacity = – (9) Define the impact value of water quality changes : At a fixed flow rate Below, background concentration changes The resulting change in the pollution-carrying capacity = – (10) Calculate the overall impact value : (11) Delineating the dominant range includes: when At that time, it was determined to be the dominant region for hydrological elements (discharge). Within this region, the flow rate from upstream was increased. Compared to reducing upstream pollutant input It is more effective in improving the capacity to contain contaminants.

[0030] when At that time, it was determined to be the dominant range for water quality elements (background concentration). Within this range, measures were taken to reduce upstream pollutant input. Compared to increasing upstream flow It is more effective in improving the capacity to contain contaminants.

[0031] Step 5: Monitor the flow rate and background concentration of pollutants at the upstream control section of the target river section in real time, as well as the current discharge of pollutants into the river in the target river section. Compare the real-time data with the defined dominant interval, and formulate and implement dynamic control strategies.

[0032] Real-time monitoring or prediction of the flow rate Q and background pollutant concentration C at the upstream control section of the target river segment, as well as the current discharge volume into the target river segment. To increase the discharge volume into the target river segment, the flow rate Q and background pollutant concentration C at the upstream control section need to be adjusted. This involves comparing the real-time data (Q, C) with the defined dominant interval. If (Q, C) falls within the range dominated by hydrological factors, then the hydraulic dispatch strategy is activated: an instruction is sent to the upstream reservoir group to increase the downstream discharge, at least increasing the discharge by ΔQ.

[0033] If (Q, C) falls within the range dominated by water quality factors, then pollution control strategies will be initiated: issue early warnings to upstream environmental regulatory departments, strengthen supervision of key polluting units, reduce the amount of pollutants entering the river, and at least reduce the background concentration by ΔC.

[0034] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following technical effects and advantages: 1. Precisely adapts to dynamic changes: It fully considers the monthly differences and real-time changes in upstream flow and water quality concentration, breaks through the limitations of traditional fixed-value pollution carrying capacity, and realizes dynamic control of the amount of sewage discharged into the river; 2. Dominant factors are clearly identified: By quantitatively analyzing the impact of flow rate and water concentration on pollution carrying capacity, the dominant factors under different operating conditions are identified, providing a scientific basis for the formulation of control measures; 3. Simple and efficient operation: By constructing a 3D scatter plot, the allowable discharge volume under real-time operating conditions can be quickly queried using interpolation methods, without the need for repeated modeling and calculation; 4. Support for refined management: Based on the hydrological and water quality characteristics of river sections, implement differentiated sewage discharge control with "one policy per month and one policy per situation" to take into account both social and economic development and ecological environmental protection needs.

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. This embodiment takes a section of the Jinsha River as the research object to demonstrate the application of a dynamic control method for the amount of sewage discharged into the river downstream of the dam.

[0036] Step 1: Collect relevant basic data on the research section of the river; This invention first collected basic data on the study river section as required, including river topography, hydrological monitoring data, and water quality monitoring data. Through calibration and verification of the measured data, key parameters were determined: the river roughness was 0.071, and the comprehensive ammonia nitrogen attenuation coefficient for the study river section was 0.11 d. - ¹.

[0037] The lateral diffusion coefficient (Ey) was calculated using the Taylor formula. (12) denoted as lateral diffusion coefficient (m² / s), B as average river width (m), J as river hydraulic gradient, and g as gravitational acceleration (m³ / s). Step 2: Determine the monthly flow rate and water quality index concentration conditions; This embodiment selects March, the dry season, as the representative month and ammonia nitrogen as the water quality indicator. Considering historical flow rates and the minimum downstream discharge flow from upstream power stations, and appropriately expanding the range, the flow rate calculation range is determined to be 900~2000 m³ / s. A total of 23 flow rate scenarios are set with increments of 50 m³ / s. Considering historical concentrations and taking into account the most unfavorable conditions (Class II water quality standard limit of 0.5 mg / L), the ammonia nitrogen concentration calculation range is determined to be 0.10~0.50 mg / L. A total of 9 ammonia nitrogen concentration scenarios are set with increments of 0.05 mg / L.

[0038] The flow rate and water quality conditions are combined to form a total of 23 × 9 = 207 calculation conditions, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0039] Table 1. Calculation conditions for the pollution carrying capacity of the studied river section

[0040] Step 3: Conduct hydrological and water quality simulations and calculate the pollution carrying capacity; A two-dimensional planar water quality migration and transformation equation was used to describe the migration and diffusion of pollutants. The 207 operating conditions in step 2 were simulated, and key cross-sectional hydrological elements were extracted. According to equation (8), the ammonia nitrogen carrying capacity of the river section under the 207 operating conditions was calculated, ranging from 235.12 to 4670.38 t / a. The scatter plots of flow rate, ammonia nitrogen concentration, and carrying capacity under different operating conditions are shown below. Figure 2 Show.

[0041] Step 4: Quantify the influencing factors and define the dominant range; Calculate the impact of flow rate changes on 207 operating conditions. (Increased traffic) = Changes in ammonia nitrogen carrying capacity caused by 50 m³ / s and the impact of water quality changes (Ammonia nitrogen background concentration decreased) = Change in ammonia nitrogen carrying capacity caused by 0.01 mg / L, and then determine the comprehensive impact value. As shown in Table 2.

[0042] Table 2 Calculation results of comprehensive impact values ​​for each operating condition (Unit: t / a)

[0043] like If so, it is determined to be the region dominated by hydrological elements (flow); if If the range is within a certain range, it is determined to be the dominant range of water quality elements (background concentration).

[0044] Hydrological element (flow) dominant region ( This range primarily occurs when the inflow rate or ammonia nitrogen concentration background value is low. Specifically, it occurs when Q∈[900,1050] and C∈[0.1,0.3], or Q∈[1600,1800] and C∈[0.1,0.15]. In this range, increasing the flow rate by 50 m³ / s is more effective in improving the pollution carrying capacity than reducing the background concentration by 0.01 mg / L.

[0045] Water quality element (background concentration) dominant range ( This range mainly occurs when the inflow rate or ammonia nitrogen concentration background value is high. Specifically, it occurs when Q∈[900,1050] and C∈[0.35,0.5], or Q∈[1850,2000] and C∈[0.15,0.5]. In this range, reducing the background concentration by 0.01 mg / L is more effective in improving the pollution carrying capacity than increasing the flow rate by 50 m³ / s.

[0046] Step 5: Develop and implement dynamic control strategies.

[0047] Real-time monitoring (or prediction) of the upstream control section flow rate Q and ammonia nitrogen background concentration C, as well as the current ammonia nitrogen carrying capacity. To increase the amount of pollutants discharged into the target river section, it is necessary to regulate the upstream control section flow rate Q and pollutant background concentration C. This requires comparing the real-time data (Q, C) with the defined dominant interval. If (Q, C) falls within the range dominated by hydrological factors (e.g., low flow, low concentration scenario): activate the hydraulic dispatching strategy, instructing the upstream reservoir group to increase the downstream discharge (e.g., increase the discharge of water). = 50 m³ / s), to effectively improve the sewage carrying capacity.

[0048] If (Q, C) falls within the dominant range of water quality factors (e.g., high flow rate, high concentration scenario): Activate pollution control strategies, issue early warnings to upstream environmental regulatory departments, strengthen pollution discharge supervision, and reduce the amount of pollutants entering the river (e.g., reduce background concentration). = 0.01mg / L), to effectively improve the wastewater holding capacity.

[0049] This embodiment achieves the scientific formulation of a dynamic regulation strategy for the amount of sewage discharged into the river based on upstream hydrological and water quality conditions through the above steps.

[0050] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a dynamic control system for sewage discharge into a river section downstream of a dam is provided, comprising: The basic data collection module for hydrological data is used to collect hydrological monitoring data for the research river section, including river topography, hydrological monitoring data and water quality monitoring data; The hydrological and water quality simulation and operating condition determination module is used to determine the monthly flow operating conditions and water quality index concentration operating conditions of the study river section based on the collected hydrological monitoring data, and to expand the range of flow operating conditions and concentration operating conditions; to establish a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model for hydrological and water quality simulation, to select the flow operating conditions and water quality index concentration operating conditions of a certain month of the study river section, to combine them to form the calculation operating conditions for that month, and to calculate the pollution carrying capacity of each set of operating conditions of the study river section. The dynamic control strategy formulation and execution module is used to quantify influencing factors, calculate the combined impact of flow and water quality changes, and delineate the dominant range; it monitors the flow and background concentration of pollutants at the upstream control section of the target river segment in real time, as well as the current discharge of pollutants into the river in the target river segment, compares the real-time data with the delineated dominant range, and formulates and executes dynamic control strategies.

[0051] It is understood that the dynamic control system for sewage discharge into the river in the downstream section of the dam provided by the present invention corresponds to the dynamic control method for sewage discharge into the river in the downstream section of the dam provided in the foregoing embodiments. The relevant technical features of the dynamic control system for sewage discharge into the river in the downstream section of the dam can be referred to the relevant technical features of the dynamic control method for sewage discharge into the river in the downstream section of the dam, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0053] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0054] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic control of sewage discharge into the river in the downstream section of a dam, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Collect and study hydrological monitoring data for the river section, including river topography, hydrological monitoring data, and water quality monitoring data; Based on the collected hydrological and water quality monitoring data, the monthly flow conditions and water quality index concentration conditions for the study river section were determined, and the scope of flow conditions and concentration conditions was expanded. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model was established to simulate hydrology and water quality. The flow conditions and water quality index concentration conditions of a certain month in the study river section were selected and combined to form the calculation conditions for that month. The pollution carrying capacity of each set of conditions in the study river section was calculated. Quantify the influencing factors, calculate the combined impact of flow rate changes and water quality changes, and delineate the dominant range; Real-time monitoring of the flow rate and background concentration of pollutants at the upstream control section of the target river segment, as well as the current discharge of pollutants into the river, is used to compare the real-time data with the defined dominant intervals, and dynamic control strategies are formulated and implemented.

2. The method for dynamic control of sewage discharge into the river section downstream of the dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrological monitoring data for the studied river section includes: river topography data, river roughness parameters, long-series hydrological monitoring data from upstream, downstream and tributary hydrological stations, water quality monitoring data from automatic water quality monitoring stations or monitoring sections in upstream, downstream and tributary sections, and comprehensive attenuation coefficients of major pollutants entering the river.

3. The method for dynamic control of sewage discharge into the river section downstream of the dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of monthly flow conditions and water quality index concentration conditions for the study river section includes: Based on the collected hydrological and water quality monitoring data, the upper and lower limits of the monthly flow rate of the upstream section of the study river were determined, as well as the upper and lower limits of the monthly concentrations of major water quality indicators of the upstream section of the study river.

4. The method for dynamic control of sewage discharge into the river section downstream of the dam according to claim 3, characterized in that, The range of flow rate and concentration conditions includes: The maximum traffic limit shall not be less than the monthly traffic cap, and the minimum traffic limit shall not be greater than the monthly traffic floor limit; The maximum concentration of water quality indicators shall not be less than the upper limit of the concentration of water quality indicators for the month, and the minimum concentration of water quality indicators shall not be greater than the lower limit of the concentration of water quality indicators for the month.

5. The method for dynamic control of sewage discharge into the river section downstream of the dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The establishment of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model for hydrological and water quality simulation includes: The Saint-Venant equations are used to describe water flow, and a two-dimensional planar water quality migration and transformation equation is used to describe the migration and diffusion process of pollutants. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model is constructed, which includes hydrodynamic equations and water quality equations.

6. The method for dynamic control of sewage discharge into the river in the downstream section of a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expression for calculating the pollution-holding capacity is: In the formula, For the purpose of pollution holding capacity, The target concentration for water quality is determined according to the water quality standards for water function zones. This refers to the background concentration of pollutants, i.e., the water quality concentration at the upstream section under this operating condition. The overall pollutant attenuation coefficient, To study the length of the river section, The cross-sectional average velocity is... The average water depth of the cross section.

7. The method for dynamic control of sewage discharge into the river section downstream of the dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantitative influencing factors, and the calculation of the combined impact value of flow rate changes and water quality changes, include: Under a fixed background concentration, calculate the change in pollution-carrying capacity caused by changes in flow rate and define the impact value of flow rate changes; Under a fixed flow rate, calculate the change in pollution-carrying capacity caused by changes in background concentration, and define the impact value of water quality changes; The comprehensive impact value is obtained by subtracting the impact value of water quality changes from the impact value of flow rate changes.

8. The method for dynamic control of sewage discharge into the river section downstream of the dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The defined dominant interval includes: When the comprehensive impact value is greater than zero, it is determined to be the flow-dominant range. Within this range, increasing the upstream flow is more effective in improving the pollution carrying capacity than reducing the upstream pollutant input. When the comprehensive impact value is less than zero, it is determined to be the range where the background concentration is dominant. Within this range, reducing the input of upstream pollutants is more effective in improving the pollution carrying capacity than increasing the upstream flow.

9. The method for dynamic control of sewage discharge into the river section downstream of the dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of comparing real-time data with the defined dominant interval to formulate and execute a dynamic control strategy includes: If the real-time data falls within the range dominated by hydrological elements, the hydraulic dispatch strategy is activated: instructions are sent to the upstream reservoir group to increase the downstream discharge, thereby increasing the upstream inflow. If real-time data falls within the dominant range of water quality factors, pollution control strategies will be activated: issue early warnings to upstream environmental regulatory departments, strengthen supervision of key polluting units, reduce the amount of pollutants entering the river, and lower the background concentration.

10. A dynamic control system for sewage discharge into a river section downstream of a dam, characterized in that, include: The basic data collection module for hydrological data is used to collect hydrological monitoring data for the research river section, including river topography, hydrological monitoring data and water quality monitoring data; The hydrological and water quality simulation and operating condition determination module is used to determine the monthly flow operating conditions and water quality index concentration operating conditions of the study river section based on the collected hydrological monitoring data, and to expand the range of flow operating conditions and concentration operating conditions; to establish a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model for hydrological and water quality simulation, to select the flow operating conditions and water quality index concentration operating conditions of a certain month of the study river section, to combine them to form the calculation operating conditions for that month, and to calculate the pollution carrying capacity of each set of operating conditions of the study river section. The dynamic control strategy formulation and execution module is used to quantify influencing factors, calculate the combined impact of flow and water quality changes, and delineate the dominant range. Real-time monitoring of the flow rate and background concentration of pollutants at the upstream control section of the target river segment, as well as the current discharge of pollutants into the river, is used to compare the real-time data with the defined dominant intervals, and dynamic control strategies are formulated and implemented.

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