A green recycling and regeneration method of waste battery electrode material

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of green recovery and regeneration method of waste battery electrode material, belong to waste battery processing technical field, it includes the micro area ultrasonic scanning data of obtaining waste electrode sheet, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data and carries out feature fusion, generates dynamic activation indicator mapping and generates multi-field coupling driving sequence, act on waste electrode sheet under preset condition carries out multi-field coupling stripping, with ionic liquid is mixed and is handled and is applied pulsating flow field and is strengthened and is separated, output pure active material cluster is placed in plasma gas and carries out in situ crystallization repair, generates regenerated electrode material and carries out bonding and aqueous conductive agent compounding, form re-electrode polarization layer body, and carry out cycle and rate response test, obtain reutilization performance evaluation atlas. Through multi-dimensional perception guided multi-field coupling intelligent stripping and plasma in situ repair, waste electrode active material can be realized to lossless efficient recovery and high-performance regeneration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste battery treatment technology, and in particular to a green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials. Background Technology

[0002] The recycling and regeneration of electrode materials from spent batteries is a crucial link in the lithium-ion battery industry chain. Electrode materials, such as lithium cobalt oxide and lithium iron phosphate for the positive electrode and graphite for the negative electrode, are core determinants of battery cost and performance. With the widespread adoption of new energy vehicles and portable electronic devices, the generation of large quantities of spent lithium-ion batteries has brought serious environmental pressure and resource waste. Therefore, efficient and green recycling and regeneration of these batteries has become an urgent technical challenge.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream technologies for processing waste battery electrode materials are mainly divided into two categories: pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. Pyrometallurgy removes organic matter from electrode materials and recovers valuable metal elements through high-temperature incineration or smelting. However, this method is energy-intensive, produces harmful gases, and typically only recovers metal elements without restoring the crystal structure of the active material. Hydrometallurgy uses strong acids and alkalis to leach valuable metals, followed by purification and recovery through extraction and precipitation. This method is complex, generates large amounts of waste liquid, causes secondary pollution to the environment, and also damages the original structure of the active material. In addition, some physical separation methods exist, but they often have low separation efficiency and are difficult to completely remove binders, affecting the performance of recycled materials.

[0004] Existing technologies for recycling waste electrode materials generally suffer from numerous shortcomings. Pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes are inherently destructive, aiming at element recovery rather than material regeneration, resulting in the complete loss of the structural value of active materials. While physical separation methods aim to preserve the material structure, they cannot effectively address the non-uniform aging state of electrode sheets. Using uniform mechanical force for peeling often leads to incomplete peeling in some areas, while the active material in other areas is broken and damaged due to excessive force. Furthermore, it is difficult to efficiently remove binders and contaminants mixed in. These shortcomings directly result in the electrochemical performance of regenerated electrode materials being far inferior to that of virgin materials, limiting their return to high-value applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials. Through multi-field coupling intelligent stripping guided by multi-dimensional sensing and in-situ plasma repair, it is possible to achieve non-destructive and efficient recycling and high-performance regeneration of waste electrode active materials.

[0006] The above objectives can be achieved through the following approach:

[0007] A green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials includes acquiring micro-area ultrasonic scanning data, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data of waste electrode sheets, and performing feature fusion to generate dynamic activation indicators; mapping and generating a multi-field coupling driving sequence based on the dynamic activation indicators; applying the multi-field coupling driving sequence to the waste electrode sheets and performing multi-field coupling exfoliation under preset conditions to obtain an interface exfoliation intermediate; mixing the interface exfoliation intermediate with a preset ionic liquid that has both swelling and complexing functions to generate a swollen purification mixture; applying a pulsating flow field to the swollen purification mixture for enhanced phase separation treatment to output pure active material clusters; placing the pure active material clusters in a plasma gas for in-situ crystallization repair to generate regenerated electrode materials; bonding the regenerated electrode materials with an aqueous conductive agent to form a repolarized layered body, and performing cycle and rate response tests to obtain a reuse performance evaluation spectrum.

[0008] Optionally, the step of generating the dynamic activation indicator includes: acquiring the ultrasonic scanning data of the micro-area and performing interlayer bonding strength distribution analysis to generate a structural strength feature matrix; acquiring the laser-induced breakdown spectral data and performing surface contaminant component analysis to generate a contaminant component indicator; acquiring the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data and performing bulk health state inference to generate health state parameters; and performing index normalization and feature fusion on the structural strength feature matrix, contaminant component indicator, and health state parameters to generate the dynamic activation indicator.

[0009] Optionally, the step of generating the multi-field coupling drive sequence includes: performing frequency mapping based on the dynamic activation indicator to generate a sound field parameter set; performing electrochemical pulse intensity mapping based on the dynamic activation indicator to generate an electric field parameter set; performing magnetic field intensity and frequency mapping based on the dynamic activation indicator to generate a magnetic field parameter set; and combining and serializing the sound field parameter set, electric field parameter set, and magnetic field parameter set using a preset gain coefficient to form the multi-field coupling drive sequence.

[0010] Optionally, the step of obtaining the interface stripping intermediate includes: applying the multi-field coupling driving sequence to the waste electrode sheet in the form of periodic pulses to generate an interface perturbation distribution; inducing selective charge migration based on the interface perturbation distribution to generate an interface debonding path; and performing sheet separation along the interface debonding path to obtain the interface stripping intermediate.

[0011] Optionally, the step of generating the swelling and purification mixture includes: interacting the interface stripping intermediate with a preset ionic liquid that has both swelling and complexing functions to generate a swelling interface layer; in the swelling interface layer, the ionic liquid simultaneously undergoes binder swelling and metal impurity complexation to generate the swelling and purification mixture.

[0012] Optionally, the step of outputting pure active material clusters includes: applying a pulsating flow field to the swollen purification mixture to generate an enhanced mass transfer phase; performing liquid-liquid-solid three-phase separation in the enhanced mass transfer phase to generate an impurity separation phase and the pure active material clusters; and performing drying and anti-agglomeration treatment on the pure active material clusters to output the pure active material clusters.

[0013] Optionally, the step of generating the regenerated electrode material includes: placing the pure active material cluster in the plasma gas to perform defect repair and generate a defect repair layer; reconstructing the surface charge channels of the defect repair layer to generate an interface conductive layer; and performing crystal phase ordering treatment on the interface conductive layer to generate the regenerated electrode material.

[0014] Optionally, the step of obtaining the reuse performance evaluation map includes: performing charge-discharge cycle tests on the repolarized laminar body to generate cycle performance data; performing rate response tests on the repolarized laminar body to generate rate performance data; and fusing and analyzing the cycle performance data and rate performance data to generate the reuse performance evaluation map.

[0015] Optionally, the method further includes: calculating performance deviation data based on the reuse performance evaluation spectrum; correcting the gain coefficient based on the performance deviation data; and adjusting the parameters of the ionic liquid based on the performance deviation data.

[0016] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a green recycling and regeneration system for waste battery electrode materials. The system includes: a multi-dimensional sensing module for acquiring micro-area ultrasonic scanning data, laser-induced breakdown spectral data, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data of waste electrode sheets, and performing feature fusion to generate a dynamic activation indicator; a sequence generation module for mapping and generating an adaptively adjusted multi-field coupling driving sequence based on the dynamic activation indicator; a multi-field coupling stripping module for applying the multi-field coupling driving sequence to the waste electrode sheets, performing multi-field coupling stripping under normal pressure and low temperature conditions to obtain an interface stripping intermediate; and swelling purification. The system comprises the following modules: a module for mixing the interface stripping intermediate with an ionic liquid that has both swelling and complexing functions to generate a swollen and purified mixture; a pulsating phase separation module for applying a pulsating flow field to the swollen and purified mixture to enhance phase separation and output pure active material clusters; a low-temperature repair module for placing the pure active material clusters in a low-temperature plasma atmosphere for in-situ crystallization repair to generate regenerated electrode materials; and a repolarization and testing module for performing environmentally friendly bonding and water-based conductive agent compounding on the regenerated electrode materials to form a repolarized layer, and performing cycle and rate response tests to obtain a reuse performance evaluation spectrum.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] This invention combines multidimensional sensing technology with adaptive multi-field coupling stripping technology to achieve accurate identification and differentiated treatment of the aging state of waste electrode sheets. It can generate and apply matching stripping energy based on the different bonding strength, contaminant distribution and electrochemical activity of each micro-region on the electrode sheet, thereby ensuring high stripping efficiency while avoiding physical damage to the particle structure of active materials, laying the foundation for subsequent high-performance regeneration.

[0019] This invention employs ionic liquids with both swelling and complexing functions for gentle purification, combined with low-temperature plasma in-situ remediation technology, to achieve dual-depth regeneration of active materials from chemical purity to crystal structure. Ionic liquids can efficiently remove binders and capture metallic impurities at low temperatures, while low-temperature plasma technology can repair lattice defects caused by cycling and reconstruct the surface conductive network at the atomic scale, thereby fundamentally restoring the electrochemical performance of the regenerated materials.

[0020] This invention conducts comprehensive electrochemical performance tests on regenerated electrode materials and compares the test results with a target benchmark. The system can automatically calculate performance deviations and adjust the energy intensity of multi-field coupling stripping and the process parameters of ionic liquid treatment accordingly. This achieves adaptive optimization of the entire process, ensuring the stability and continuous improvement of the quality of regenerated products.

[0021] The entire process of this invention is carried out under mild conditions of normal pressure and low temperature, without the use of corrosive chemicals such as strong acids and alkalis, thus avoiding the high energy consumption and harmful gas emissions of high-temperature smelting processes. This not only significantly reduces the negative environmental impact of the recycling process but also simplifies the requirements for production equipment and operational safety, meeting the requirements of green chemistry and sustainable development. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-field coupling driving parameter mapping relationship in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a comparison curve of the cyclic performance of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rate performance comparison curve of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a green recycling and regeneration system for waste battery electrode materials according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 One embodiment of the present invention proposes a green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials. Through multi-field coupling intelligent stripping and plasma in-situ repair guided by multi-dimensional perception, it is possible to achieve non-destructive and efficient recycling and high-performance regeneration of waste electrode active materials.

[0029] The method described in this embodiment specifically includes:

[0030] Micro-area ultrasonic scanning data, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data of waste electrode sheets are acquired and feature fusion is performed to generate dynamic activation indicators;

[0031] Based on the dynamic activation indicator, a multi-field coupling driving sequence is mapped and generated;

[0032] The multi-field coupling driving sequence is applied to the waste electrode sheet, and multi-field coupling stripping is performed under preset conditions to obtain an interface stripping intermediate.

[0033] The interface stripping intermediate is mixed with a pre-set ionic liquid that has both swelling and complexing functions to generate a swollen and purified mixture.

[0034] A pulsating flow field is applied to the swollen and purified mixture to enhance phase separation treatment and output pure active material clusters;

[0035] The pure active material clusters are placed in plasma gas for in-situ crystallization repair to generate regenerated electrode materials.

[0036] The regenerated electrode material is bonded and compounded with an aqueous conductive agent to form a repolarized layer, and cycle and rate response tests are performed to obtain a reuse performance evaluation spectrum.

[0037] Optionally, the step of generating the dynamic activation indicator includes:

[0038] The ultrasonic scanning data of the micro-area is acquired, and the interlayer bond strength distribution is analyzed to generate a structural strength feature matrix;

[0039] The laser-induced breakdown spectral data is acquired, and surface contaminant composition is analyzed to generate a contaminant composition indicator.

[0040] The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data are acquired, and the bulk health status is inferred to generate health status parameters.

[0041] The structural strength feature matrix, pollutant composition indicators, and health status parameters are normalized and fused to generate the dynamic activation indicator.

[0042] Specifically, in this invention, a dynamic activation indicator is generated to quantify and fuse multi-dimensional physical, chemical, and electrochemical state information of the waste electrode sheets, generating a two-dimensional activation intensity distribution map to guide the subsequent stripping process. This process is executed by a multi-dimensional sensing module, ensuring accurate characterization of the non-uniform aging state of the electrode sheets.

[0043] The generation of the structural strength feature matrix quantifies the physical bonding state between the active material layer and the current collector. The system employs a micro-area ultrasonic scanning device equipped with a high-frequency probe to perform a gridded scan of the surface of the waste electrode sheet using a non-contact or water-immersion method. The positioning accuracy of the scanning drive system is better than 10 micrometers, and the center frequency of the ultrasonic probe is set in the range of 50 to 200 MHz. The system acquires echo signals reflected from the interface between the active material and the current collector point by point, i.e., micro-area ultrasonic scanning data. The algorithm processes the echo signal amplitude at each point. Since interface bonding defects such as microbubbles or delamination significantly attenuate the signal amplitude, the amplitude is directly related to the bonding strength. By mapping the normalized amplitude data of each scanning point to the corresponding two-dimensional coordinates, the system generates a structural strength feature matrix. Each element of this matrix represents the relative interlayer bonding strength of a specific micro-area on the electrode sheet, providing a physical basis for subsequent application of local peeling energy.

[0044] This contaminant composition indicator rapidly identifies and semi-quantitatively analyzes chemical contaminants adhering to the electrode surface, generated by electrolyte decomposition or side reactions. The system employs laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LAS), using a Q-switched nanosecond laser with pulse energies between 10 and 50 millijoules to perform micro-ablation on a representative area of ​​the electrode surface, generating plasma. The spectrometer captures the spectral signals emitted during plasma cooling, i.e., LAS data. Data processing algorithms compare the acquired spectra with the characteristic peaks of standard substances in a built-in database, identifying the presence of key contaminants such as lithium fluoride, lithium carbonate, and polymeric residues. By integrating and normalizing the characteristic peak intensities, the system generates a contaminant composition indicator. This indicator is a vector or comprehensive score containing information on the type and relative abundance of contaminants, reflecting the degree of chemical contamination on the electrode surface.

[0045] Health status parameters assess the degree of electrochemical activity degradation in the active material particles, such as the thickening of the solid electrolyte interfacial film and the increase in charge transfer impedance. The system uses discarded electrode sheets as working electrodes, placed in a standard three-electrode electrolytic cell. A sinusoidal AC perturbation voltage with an amplitude of 5 to 10 mV is applied via an electrochemical workstation, and the scanning frequency range is from 100 kHz to 10 mHz to acquire electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data. The system's built-in analytical program fits the acquired Nyquist plot to a preset equivalent circuit model, which typically includes elements representing the solid electrolyte interfacial film impedance and charge transfer impedance. Through fitting calculations, the specific values ​​of interfacial impedance and charge transfer impedance are accurately extracted. These values ​​together constitute the health status parameters, directly reflecting the intrinsic electrochemical degradation level of the active material.

[0046] The dynamic activation indicator normalizes and weights the physical, chemical, and electrochemical features mentioned above to form a unified, spatially resolved dynamic activation indicator. The system first performs a minimum-maximum normalization algorithm on the structural intensity feature matrix, pollutant component indicators, and health state parameters, mapping their values ​​to a dimensionless range of 0 to 1 to eliminate unit and scale differences between different measurement indicators. Subsequently, the system uses the following weighted fusion formula to calculate the final activation intensity of each micro-region (i,j). .

[0047] ,

[0048] In this formula, It is the value of the dynamically activated indicator generated at coordinate (i,j); This is the normalized structural strength value at that point. Subtracting this value from 1 is intended to make regions with weaker bonds have a higher activation requirement. It is a normalized comprehensive pollutant score; It is a normalized health status decline score. , , These are weighting coefficients for structure, contamination, and health status, respectively. These coefficients are adjustable parameters that can be adaptively optimized based on subsequent recovery feedback. The calculation results ultimately generate a two-dimensional matrix corresponding to the electrode sheet size, i.e., a dynamic activation indicator. The numerical distribution of this matrix precisely guides the intensity and mode of subsequent multi-field coupling driving sequences, enabling fine-grained control of the stripping process.

[0049] Optionally, the step of generating the multi-field coupled driving sequence includes:

[0050] Based on the dynamically activated indicator, frequency mapping is performed to generate a sound field parameter set;

[0051] Based on the dynamic activation indicator, electrochemical pulse intensity mapping is performed to generate an electric field parameter set;

[0052] Based on the dynamically activated indicator, a magnetic field strength and frequency mapping is performed to generate a set of magnetic field parameters;

[0053] The acoustic field parameter group, electric field parameter group, and magnetic field parameter group are combined and serialized using a preset gain coefficient to form the multi-field coupling drive sequence.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the value of each point D(i,j) in the dynamic activation indicator matrix is ​​read. This value is converted into the corresponding ultrasonic frequency and amplitude through a preset frequency mapping function. This mapping function is usually a linear or piecewise linear function that maps the dynamic activation indicator value in the range of 0 to 1 to the actual operating parameter range of the sound field generator. For example, a higher D(i,j) value is mapped to an ultrasonic frequency close to the inherent resonant frequency of the material-current collector interface, which is generally between 20 kHz and 100 kHz, and simultaneously mapped to a higher amplitude power to achieve maximum mechanical peel stress in areas of weak adhesion or contaminant accumulation. The output of this step is a two-dimensional sound field parameter set containing the precise ultrasonic frequency and power value for each micro-region (i,j) on the corresponding electrode sheet.

[0055] Again utilizing the dynamic activation indicator matrix, the value of D(i,j) at each point is converted into the voltage amplitude and pulse width of the electric field pulse through an electrochemical pulse intensity mapping function. This function ensures that higher voltages or longer durations of electric pulses are applied in regions with thicker solid electrolyte interfacial films or poorer conductivity, i.e., regions with higher D(i,j) values. The pulse voltage range is typically set between 5 volts and 30 volts, and the pulse width is between 10 milliseconds and 500 milliseconds. This strong electrochemical excitation can induce trace amounts of gas generation or local charge accumulation at the interface, generating effective stripping thrust. The output of this step is a two-dimensional set of electric field parameters that defines in detail the pulse voltage and duration to be applied at each point on the electrode sheet.

[0056] The dynamic activation indicator matrix D(i,j) is converted into the required driving current intensity and frequency of the magnetic field coil using a magnetic field strength-frequency mapping function. Typically, regions with higher D(i,j) values ​​correspond to regions with larger alternating magnetic field strengths or more specific frequencies, aiming to generate the strongest auxiliary peeling force in the most stubborn areas. The magnetic field strength typically ranges from 0.05 Tesla to 0.5 Tesla, and the frequency is between 50 Hz and 1000 Hz. The output of this step is a two-dimensional set of magnetic field parameters, specifying the magnetic field parameters applied to each region of the electrode sheet.

[0057] The system scales the overall intensity of each field based on a preset gain coefficient G. This gain coefficient is a scalar that can be adjusted by subsequent performance evaluation feedback to regulate the overall intensity of the stripping process. The combination process defines the temporal synergistic mode of the acoustic, electric, and magnetic fields, such as whether they are applied simultaneously or alternately with specific delays. Serialization packages these combined, spatially distributed parameter commands into a data stream arranged by time steps (e.g., 10 milliseconds). Each time step's data packet contains the precise parameter values ​​that the acoustic, electric, and magnetic field drivers should output at all spatial points (i,j) at that moment. The final output of this multi-field coupled drive sequence can be directly input into the control system of the multi-field coupled stripping module to achieve fine-grained, adaptive spatiotemporal control of the stripping process. For example, the final drive sequence at a specific point can be represented as a set of timestamps and corresponding parameters, the intensity of which is determined by the following relationship:

[0058] ,

[0059] ,

[0060] ,

[0061] in, , , These are the final driving parameters for sound, electricity, and magnetic fields, respectively. , , Each is a mapping and combination function. G is the gain coefficient used for global control. , , A set of preset basic parameters representing each field. D(i,j) is the dynamic activation indicator. These parameters are integrated and arranged in time sequence to form the final driving sequence.

[0062] Optionally, the step of obtaining the interface stripping intermediate includes:

[0063] The multi-field coupling driving sequence is applied to the waste electrode sheet in the form of periodic pulses to generate an interface perturbation distribution;

[0064] Based on the interface perturbation distribution, selective charge migration is induced to generate interface debonding paths.

[0065] The layers are separated along the interface debonding path to obtain the interface peeling intermediate.

[0066] Specifically, it integrates a two-dimensional addressable ultrasonic transducer array, a microelectrode array, and a Helmholtz coil group. The control system reads the multi-field coupled drive sequence and converts the timing parameters therein into drive signals for each physical actuator. This sequence is output in the form of periodic pulses, with a repetition frequency typically between 10 Hz and 100 Hz, and the duty cycle dynamically adjusted between 10% and 50% based on the stripping efficiency. Since the drive sequence is generated based on a dynamic activation indicator, its energy output is spatially non-uniform. This creates a non-uniform energy field at the interface between the active material and the current collector, precisely matching the aging state of the electrode sheet, i.e., an interface perturbation distribution. This is a physical state characterized by the superposition of localized acoustic pressure gradients, potential gradients, and Lorentz force densities.

[0067] In the interfacial perturbation distribution, the electrochemical pulse driven by the electric field parameter set generates an instantaneous electric field strength exceeding 100,000 volts per meter in a local region. This is sufficient to drive the directional movement of residual lithium ions or electrolyte decomposition products at the interface, i.e., charge-selective migration. This migration neutralizes some interfacial dipoles on the one hand, and may induce trace gas evolution at microscopic defects on the other, jointly leading to a significant weakening of the van der Waals forces and chemical bonds between the binder polymer chains and the metal current collector surface. These microscopic chemical bond breaks, linked with points of weakened physical adsorption, macroscopically form one or more band-shaped regions where separation preferentially occurs, i.e., interfacial debonding paths.

[0068] In the multi-field coupling driving sequence, acoustic field energy becomes the dominant force. The ultrasonic vibration energy driven by the acoustic field parameter set, with a frequency matching the natural frequency of the region to be peeled off, is released in a concentrated manner along the formed interface debonding path. The mechanical stress generated by this resonance effect, such as sound pressure and cavitation, can efficiently overcome residual adhesive forces, enabling the active material layer to be completely peeled off from the current collector in the form of sheets or large clusters, rather than being pulverized. The entire process is carried out at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, avoiding thermal damage. The final output of this process is the interface peeling intermediate, namely, an assembly of active material sheets separated from the metal current collector but still containing adhesive and a small amount of contaminants.

[0069] Optionally, the step of generating the swollen and purified mixture includes:

[0070] The interface stripping intermediate is interacted with a pre-set ionic liquid that has both swelling and complexing functions to generate a swollen interface layer.

[0071] In the swollen interface layer, the ionic liquid simultaneously undergoes binder swelling and metal impurity complexation to generate the swollen purification mixture.

[0072] Specifically, the swollen interface layer maximizes the effective contact area between the interface exfoliation intermediate and the functionalized ionic liquid, initiating the initial swelling process. The system transports the bulk or sheet-like interface exfoliation intermediate obtained in the previous step to a reactor equipped with a temperature-controlled jacket and a mechanical stirrer. Subsequently, a pre-designed ionic liquid with both swelling and complexing functions is added to the reactor at a mass ratio ranging from 1:5 to 1:20. This ionic liquid is a liquid salt at room temperature, for example, 40 to 80 degrees Celsius. Its cationic portion, such as imidazole or quaternary ammonium salts, has an affinity for organic matter and can effectively penetrate binders such as polyvinylidene fluoride; its anionic portion, such as acetate or halide ions, contains lone pairs of electrons and can form stable coordination bonds with metal ions. The stirrer is started and stirred at a gentle speed of 100 to 500 rpm to ensure that the solid interface exfoliation intermediate is fully dispersed in the ionic liquid. During this process, ionic liquid molecules rapidly wet and penetrate into the micropores and cracks of the intermediate, forming a molecular-level interaction layer, namely the swollen interface layer, at the interface between the active material particles and the binder.

[0073] Through continuous chemical action, the active material is completely released from the binder matrix, while metal ion contaminants within the system are immobilized. The system is continuously stirred for 30 to 120 minutes while maintaining the reactor temperature at 40 to 80 degrees Celsius. During this period, ionic liquid cations within the swollen interface layer continuously penetrate into the amorphous regions of the binder, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), breaking the van der Waals forces between polymer chains through solvation. This results in significant volume expansion of the binder polymer network, i.e., binder swelling. This process greatly reduces the cohesive strength of the binder and its encapsulation force on the active material particles, allowing the active material clusters to be released and suspended in the ionic liquid. Simultaneously, trace amounts of copper or aluminum current collector debris or metal ions generated from electrolyte side reactions that may have been introduced in the preceding steps are captured by the anions of the ionic liquid through complexation. This is a spontaneous chemical reaction; the ionic liquid, acting as a multidentate ligand, immobilizes metal impurities in the liquid phase as stable, soluble complexes. After a predetermined treatment time, the material within the reactor transforms into a multiphase mixed system, i.e., a swollen and purified mixture. This mixture contains solid-phase clusters of pure active materials, as well as an ionic liquid phase containing dissolved binder and metal impurity complexes.

[0074] Optionally, the step of outputting pure active material clusters includes:

[0075] A pulsating flow field is applied to the swollen purification mixture to generate a phase with enhanced mass transfer.

[0076] In the enhanced mass transfer phase, liquid-liquid-solid three-phase separation is performed to generate an impurity separation phase and the pure active material clusters;

[0077] The purified active material clusters are dried and subjected to anti-agglomeration treatment to output the purified active material clusters.

[0078] Specifically, this invention outputs pure active material clusters to efficiently and thoroughly physical separate a liquid-solid mixture containing swollen binders and impurities, recovering high-purity active material powder free of binders and impurities. This process is executed by a pulsed phase separation module, with enhanced separation kinetics as its core method. By applying an external energy field, the binding of the high-viscosity ionic liquid to the active material particles is broken, and the particle sedimentation and phase separation process are accelerated. The system pumps the swollen purified mixture generated in the previous step into a vertical separation tower with a bottom outlet and an upper overflow port. The tower integrates a pulsed flow field generator, which generates a stable periodic reciprocating flow in the liquid within the tower through a program-controlled diaphragm pump or piston at a low frequency of 1 to 10 Hz and a set stroke length. This flow generates strong eddies and shear forces, constituting the enhanced mass transfer phase. Under these physical conditions, the high-viscosity ionic liquid boundary layer coating the surface of the active material clusters is effectively stripped and washed away, greatly reducing the liquid bridging forces and agglomeration tendency between particles, while significantly accelerating the settling velocity of solid particles in the liquid based on their own density. Utilizing the density differences between different phases, clear stratification and collection of the solid, heavy, and light liquid phases are achieved in an enhanced settling environment. In this step, to further improve the binder removal efficiency and the recycling rate of the ionic liquid, the system can selectively inject a low-density organic extractant, such as hexane or ethyl acetate, that is immiscible with the ionic liquid into the separation tower. Under the action of a pulsating flow field, the organic extractant comes into full contact with the ionic liquid, efficiently extracting the polymer binder dissolved in the ionic liquid into the organic phase. After the pulsation stops, the system rapidly separates into three phases under gravity. The densest pure active material clusters settle to the bottom of the separation tower; the middle layer is the ionic liquid phase containing metal impurity complexes; and the top layer is the organic extractant phase containing dissolved binders. This system, comprising two liquid phases and one solid phase, constitutes the impurity separation phase and the pure active material clusters. The system discharges the solid phase material through a valve at the bottom of the tower and leads out the ionic liquid and organic phase through lateral pipelines in the middle and upper parts, respectively, thereby achieving continuous or semi-continuous separation operation.

[0079] The system removes residual liquid adsorbed on the surface of the active material and restores it to a loose powder state for subsequent remediation. The system collects the wet filter cake-like pure active material clusters from the bottom of the separation tower and feeds them into a vacuum drying oven or fluidized bed dryer. Drying is performed at a temperature of 60 to 120 degrees Celsius and a vacuum of less than 1 kPa to ensure thorough removal of residual ionic liquids and organic extractants without damaging the material's crystal structure. After drying, to prevent the particles from forming hard agglomerates that are difficult to disperse due to electrostatic or residual forces, the system gently treats the dried material using a deagglomeration device with a built-in soft brush or airflow pulverization function. Finally, the system outputs dry, loose, powdery pure active material clusters with controllable particle size distribution, which serve as qualified raw materials for subsequent in-situ crystallization remediation steps.

[0080] Optionally, the step of generating the regenerated electrode material includes:

[0081] The pure active material clusters are placed in the plasma gas to perform defect repair and generate a defect repair layer.

[0082] The surface charge channels of the defect repair layer are reconstructed to generate an interface conductive layer;

[0083] The interface conductive layer is subjected to crystal phase ordering treatment to generate the regenerated electrode material.

[0084] Specifically, in this invention, the generated regenerated electrode material utilizes low-temperature plasma treatment technology to atomically repair and modify pure active material clusters that have developed lattice defects and surface passivation due to repeated charge-discharge cycles, thereby restoring and enhancing their electrochemical performance. This process is completed by a low-temperature repair module in a controlled vacuum environment.

[0085] This method repairs structural damage within the active material crystal caused by repeated lithium-ion insertion and extraction, such as lattice distortion, cation mixing, or microcracks. The system uniformly spreads the dried, purified active material clusters obtained in the previous step onto a rotatable sample stage of a low-temperature plasma reactor. The reaction chamber is closed and evacuated to below 10 Pa. Subsequently, a pre-set plasma gas, typically argon or an argon-hydrogen mixture, is introduced at a flow rate controlled between 100 and 500 standard milliliters per minute. Radio frequency power is applied, with a power density controlled between 0.1 and 1.0 watts per square centimeter, exciting the gas into a plasma state. High-energy argon ions bombard the material surface with controlled kinetic energy; this gentle energy injection is transferred to the lattice, inducing localized rearrangement of lattice atoms, thereby repairing lattice defects and reducing lattice stress. Hydrogen plasma can reduce some of the over-oxidized transition metal ions. This process lasts 5 to 30 minutes, forming a region with significantly improved structural integrity—a defect repair layer—on the surface and subsurface of the active material particles.

[0086] The charge transport network on the surface of active material particles is reconstructed, eliminating or repairing the insulating solid electrolyte interface film generated by side reactions, thereby reducing charge transfer impedance. After defect repair, the system maintains its vacuum by switching the plasma gas source to introduce a gas containing carbon or conductive polymer precursors, such as a mixture of methane or acetylene and argon. Plasma discharge is maintained, and the radio frequency power is adjusted to a low level. In the plasma environment, the precursor gas decomposes and undergoes a polymerization reaction, uniformly depositing a conductive carbon layer or conductive polymer film with a controllable thickness of 1 to 5 nanometers on the surface of the active material particles. This film possesses excellent electronic conductivity, effectively bridging the active material particles and forming an efficient electron transport pathway. Simultaneously, plasma bombardment also helps etch away the original defective interface layer. The conductive functional surface layer formed in this process is the interface conductive layer.

[0087] To further enhance the crystallinity of the material, especially the surface layer after the above treatment, making its atomic arrangement more regular, thus achieving optimal lithium-ion diffusion kinetics. After generating the interfacial conductive layer, the system stops introducing reactive gases but maintains a pure argon plasma environment, and the sample stage temperature is moderately increased to 100-300 degrees Celsius. This is a plasma-assisted low-temperature annealing process. High-energy particles in the plasma continuously provide energy to the material surface, while gentle heating promotes the diffusion and migration of surface and near-surface atoms, causing them to relax to lower-energy ordered lattice positions. This treatment step optimizes crystal orientation, reduces grain boundaries, and thus improves the overall crystallinity and structural stability of the material. After treatment, the plasma source and heating system are turned off, and the material is allowed to cool naturally in a vacuum. The resulting highly active powder, after multiple repairs and modifications, is the regenerated electrode material.

[0088] Optionally, the step of obtaining the reuse performance evaluation map includes:

[0089] The repolarized laminar body was subjected to charge-discharge cycle tests to generate cycle performance data;

[0090] The repolarized laminar body was subjected to a rate response test to generate rate performance data;

[0091] The cycle performance data and rate performance data are fused and analyzed to generate the reuse performance evaluation map.

[0092] Specifically, the reuse performance evaluation spectrum obtained in this invention is used to perform standardized electrochemical performance quantitative characterization of the repaired regenerated electrode material, thereby generating a comprehensive performance report that intuitively and comprehensively reflects its commercial reuse value. This entire process is automated by the re-electrodeization and testing module.

[0093] The first step is to prepare the repolarized layer, which forms the basis for all subsequent tests. The engineering objective is to reconstruct the powdered regenerated electrode material into a functional electrode structure. The system mixes the regenerated electrode material with an aqueous conductive agent (e.g., conductive carbon black) and an environmentally friendly binder (e.g., sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion) in deionized water using high-speed ball milling or planetary stirring to form a uniform and stable electrode slurry. This slurry is then uniformly coated onto a current collector (e.g., aluminum or copper foil) using a scraping or spraying process, with the coating thickness controlled between 50 and 150 micrometers. The coated electrode is then dried in a vacuum oven at 80 to 120 degrees Celsius for several hours, followed by compaction using a roller press to ensure good contact between the active material, conductive agent, and current collector. The final product is the repolarized layer.

[0094] like Figure 3 As shown, the system performs charge-discharge cycle tests on the repolarized layer to generate cycle performance data to evaluate the structural stability and long-term service life of the regenerated electrode material. The system uses a pre-cut repolarized layer as the working electrode, and assembles it with a counter electrode, such as a lithium metal sheet, and a separator to form a standard coin cell or pouch cell. The battery is placed in a multi-channel battery testing system and, under a constant temperature environment (e.g., 25 degrees Celsius), undergoes several activation cycles at a low rate of 0.1C, followed by hundreds or even thousands of continuous charge-discharge cycles at a constant rate of 0.5C or 1C within a preset voltage window (e.g., 3.0 to 4.3 volts). The testing system records the charge and discharge capacity of each cycle in real time, and after processing, obtains the capacity retention curve and coulombic efficiency curve, which together constitute the cycle performance data.

[0095] At the same time, such as Figure 4 As shown, the system performs rate response tests on another battery or batteries from the same batch to generate rate performance data to verify the performance of regenerated electrode materials under high power output conditions, which is directly related to their potential in applications such as fast charging. During the test, the battery is first charged to full capacity at a low rate, such as 0.2C, using a constant current. Then, it is discharged to the cutoff voltage at a series of increasing current rates: 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, 2C, and 5C. The system records the actual capacity released by the battery at different discharge rates. By comparing these capacity values ​​with the baseline capacity at the low rate, a curve showing the discharge capacity changing with the rate can be plotted; this curve represents the rate performance data.

[0096] The system integrates and analyzes the data from the two aforementioned tests to generate the reuse performance evaluation chart. This integrates the two core dimensions of material durability and power characteristics into a single visualization interface, facilitating comprehensive judgment and horizontal comparison. This fusion analysis is not a simple listing of charts, but a data visualization process driven by software algorithms. The system maps key indicators from the cycling performance data, such as capacity retention at the 100th cycle, and key indicators from the rate performance data, such as capacity retention at 5C rate, initial capacity, and average coulombic efficiency, onto a multi-axis coordinate system, generating, for example, a radar chart. Each axis of this chart represents a key performance indicator, and the size and shape of the area enclosed by the graph intuitively reflect the comprehensive performance level of the recycled electrode material. This composite chart containing multi-dimensional performance information is the final output reuse performance evaluation chart.

[0097] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0098] Based on the aforementioned reuse performance evaluation map, performance deviation data were calculated.

[0099] The gain coefficient is adjusted based on the performance deviation data;

[0100] The parameters of the ionic liquid are adjusted based on the performance deviation data.

[0101] Specifically, the closed-loop feedback optimization method of this invention establishes an adaptive adjustment loop from back-end performance testing to front-end process parameters, enabling the entire recycling system to learn and optimize itself based on actual output results, thereby continuously improving the final performance of the recycled electrode material.

[0102] The first step in this process is to calculate performance deviation data. This involves quantitatively comparing the multi-dimensional performance indicators in the reuse performance evaluation chart with a preset ideal benchmark to generate error signals to guide optimization. The system control module first retrieves a standardized target performance chart from the database. This chart represents the performance characteristics that a new battery or top-tier recycled material should possess, such as a capacity retention rate higher than 90% after 1000 cycles and a discharge capacity at 5C not less than 85% of the 0.2C capacity. Subsequently, the system subtracts the corresponding values ​​in the target chart from the actual measured key performance indicators in the reuse performance evaluation chart, such as initial capacity, cycle stability, and rate capability, to obtain a set of quantified difference values. This set of values ​​constitutes the performance deviation data. For example, the performance deviation vector... This can be expressed as,

[0103] ,

[0104] in, It is the target performance index vector. This is the vector of actual performance indicators measured in this regeneration batch. This performance deviation data precisely indicates in which performance dimensions the current regeneration process is deficient.

[0105] Next, the overall energy intensity of the multi-field coupled stripping process is dynamically adjusted based on the performance deviation data to correct the gain coefficient, thus balancing stripping efficiency and material damage. An expert system or machine learning algorithm within the control module analyzes the performance deviation data. For example, if the performance deviation data shows poor cycling performance but acceptable rate performance, the algorithm infers that the stripping process may be too vigorous, i.e., the gain coefficient G is too high, leading to damage to the microstructure of the active material particles. Conversely, if both rate performance and initial capacity are low, it may mean that the stripping is incomplete, with residual insulating binder, in which case the gain coefficient G needs to be increased. Based on these rules, the system updates the gain coefficient through an iterative correction function, the update logic of which can be expressed as follows:

[0106] ,

[0107] in, This is the corrected new gain coefficient. It is the old value that was used last time. It is an adjustment step size coefficient used to control the adjustment range. It is based on performance deviation data Calculate the decision function for adjusting the direction and magnitude.

[0108] Finally, the chemical purification process is adjusted based on performance deviation data to address performance issues caused by incomplete binder removal or residual metal impurities. Similarly, based on performance deviation data analysis, if the data shows an abnormally high charge transfer resistance in the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and poor rate performance, the algorithm attributes this to insufficient efficiency in the swelling purification step. The system will output adjustment instructions, such as increasing the swelling purification processing temperature by 5 degrees Celsius within the range of 40 to 80 degrees Celsius, or extending the processing time by 10 minutes within the range of 30 to 120 minutes. If the performance deviation data shows a rapid decline in coulombic efficiency with cycling, potentially indicating side reactions of metal impurity dissolution and deposition, the algorithm will suggest adjusting the formulation of the ionic liquid that combines swelling and complexing functions. For example, selecting an ionic liquid with stronger complexing ability in the anionic portion for the next batch of production, thereby achieving targeted optimization of the chemical treatment process.

[0109] Based on the same inventive concept, such as Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also provides a green recycling and regeneration system for waste battery electrode materials, the system comprising:

[0110] The multidimensional sensing module is used to acquire micro-area ultrasonic scanning data, laser-induced breakdown spectral data, and electrochemical impedance spectral data of waste electrode sheets, and to perform feature fusion to generate dynamic activation indicators.

[0111] A sequence generation module is used to map and generate an adaptively adjusted multi-field coupling driving sequence based on the dynamic activation indicator;

[0112] A multi-field coupling stripping module is used to apply the multi-field coupling driving sequence to the waste electrode sheet and perform multi-field coupling stripping under normal pressure and low temperature conditions to obtain an interface stripping intermediate.

[0113] The swelling and purification module is used to mix the interface stripping intermediate with an ionic liquid that has both swelling and complexing functions to generate a swelling and purification mixture.

[0114] The pulsating phase separation module is used to apply a pulsating flow field to the swollen and purified mixture to enhance phase separation treatment and output pure active material clusters;

[0115] The low-temperature repair module is used to place the pure active material clusters in a low-temperature plasma atmosphere for in-situ crystallization repair to generate regenerated electrode materials.

[0116] The repolarization and testing module is used to perform environmentally friendly bonding and water-based conductive agent compounding on the regenerated electrode material to form a repolarized layer, and to perform cycle and rate response tests to obtain a reuse performance evaluation spectrum.

[0117] To verify the technical effectiveness of the method described in this invention, this embodiment uses a batch of spent power battery modules that have undergone 500 deep discharge cycles as the processing object. The positive electrode active material of this battery is NCM811 (LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2). This embodiment aims to recover and regenerate the positive electrode active material using this method, and compare its performance with that of virgin NCM811 material and unrepaired recycled material.

[0118] A 10cm x 10cm sample of waste NCM811 positive electrode was taken and scanned and analyzed using a multidimensional sensing module. Micro-area ultrasonic scanning (100MHz probe) revealed that the normalized amplitude of the interface echo signal in the central region (Region A) was only 0.3, while the amplitude in the edge region (Region B) was 0.8, indicating a severe decrease in interlayer bonding strength in Region A. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analysis detected a significant lithium fluoride (LiF) characteristic peak in Region A, with a normalized contaminant content of 0.75, compared to only 0.2 in Region B. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) testing, based on the fitted equivalent circuit, showed that the charge transfer impedance in Region A was as high as 280 Ω·cm², while that in Region B was 95 Ω·cm², reflecting a more severe degradation in the health of the active material in Region A. After normalizing the above parameters, weighting coefficients were set for structure, contamination, and health status. , , The dynamic activation indicator of region A was calculated. Dynamic activation indicator of region B .

[0119] Based on the calculation results, the sequence generation module maps parameters to different regions. The overall gain coefficient G is set to 1.0. For region A, with a high D value of 0.77, the system maps high-energy driving parameters: ultrasonic frequency 42 kHz, power 85 W; electric field pulse 28 V, pulse width 450 ms. For region B, with a lower D value, milder driving parameters are mapped: ultrasonic frequency 25 kHz, power 30 W; electric field pulse 10 V, pulse width 80 ms. Magnetic field parameters are also mapped accordingly, applying an alternating magnetic field of 0.45 T, 800 Hz to region A and an alternating magnetic field of 0.1 T, 100 Hz to region B. These spatially differentiated parameters are combined and sequenced to form the final driving sequence with a time step of 20 ms.

[0120] The generated driving sequence was input into the multi-field coupling stripping module. The driving sequence was periodically applied to the waste electrode sheet at a repetition frequency of 50 Hz. In the energy-concentrated region A, the perturbation effect at the interface was significant, inducing the formation of a preferential debonding path. Along this path, high-power ultrasonic vibration rapidly and completely peeled the active material layer from the aluminum foil current collector. The entire process was carried out at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, taking approximately 15 minutes, and yielded an interfacial stripping intermediate in which the active material coating was completely separated from the current collector. The active material recovery rate reached 99.5%, and the material morphology was in the form of flakes or large particle clusters, avoiding pulverization.

[0121] One kg of the interfacial exfoliation intermediate was added to 10 L of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate) with both swelling and complexing functions, and stirred at 65 °C for 90 min. The binder PVDF swelled sufficiently, and NCM811 particles were released. The swollen and purified mixture was then pumped into a pulsating phase-separation column and treated with a 5 Hz pulsating flow field for 30 min. After treatment, the mixture was allowed to stand and separate. Pure active material clusters were collected at the bottom of the column, the middle layer was recovered from the ionic liquid containing metal impurity complexes, and the upper layer was the extractant (hexane) phase, in which PVDF was dissolved. After vacuum drying, dry and loose pure NCM811 active material cluster powder was obtained. ICP testing showed that the impurity Al content in the material was less than 50 ppm and the Cu content was less than 20 ppm.

[0122] The aforementioned purified active material clusters were placed in a low-temperature repair module. First, they were treated for 20 minutes in an argon-hydrogen mixed (95:5) plasma (RF power 0.6 W / cm²) to repair cation mixing defects in the crystal lattice. Then, the process was switched to an acetylene-argon mixed (2:98) plasma and treated for 3 minutes at 0.2 W / cm² power, coating the particle surface with a conductive carbon layer approximately 2 nm thick. Finally, an auxiliary annealing treatment was performed at 200°C for 15 minutes in a pure argon plasma environment to promote surface crystal phase ordering, ultimately obtaining the regenerated electrode material.

[0123] A slurry was prepared using recycled NCM811 material, conductive carbon black, and SBR / CMC at a mass ratio of 96:2:2. This slurry was coated onto aluminum foil to form a repolarized layer, which was then assembled into coin cells for testing. Simultaneously, unrepaired recycled material (only stripped and cleaned) and commercially available virgin NCM811 material were used as control groups. Testing conditions were 25°C, with a voltage window of 2.8–4.3 V. Cycling performance was conducted at 1C, with rate performance testing from 0.1C to 5C.

[0124] Analyzing the performance data of batch 1, the performance deviation from the target performance (i.e., the performance of the original material) was calculated. It was found that the 5C rate performance still had a gap of approximately 2.3%. Based on this deviation, the system automatically performed corrections: the global gain coefficient G of the multi-field coupling drive sequence was reduced from 1.0 to 0.95 for a gentler stripping process; simultaneously, the processing time for generating the interface conductive layer in the plasma repair step was increased by 0.5 minutes to obtain a more complete carbon coating. These corrected parameters were used to process the second batch of waste electrode sheets.

[0125] All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this invention are still within the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of this invention upon considering the specification and the disclosure of practical truth. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this invention that follow the general principles of this invention and include common knowledge or conventional techniques in the art not described herein.

Claims

1. A green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials, characterized in that, The method includes: Micro-area ultrasonic scanning data, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data of waste electrode sheets are acquired and feature fusion is performed to generate dynamic activation indicators; Based on the dynamic activation indicator, a multi-field coupling driving sequence is mapped and generated; The multi-field coupling driving sequence is applied to the waste electrode sheet, and multi-field coupling stripping is performed under preset conditions to obtain an interface stripping intermediate. The interface stripping intermediate is mixed with a pre-set ionic liquid that has both swelling and complexing functions to generate a swollen and purified mixture. A pulsating flow field is applied to the swollen and purified mixture to enhance phase separation and output pure active material clusters; The pure active material clusters are placed in plasma gas for in-situ crystallization repair to generate regenerated electrode materials. The regenerated electrode material is bonded and compounded with an aqueous conductive agent to form a repolarized layer, and cycle and rate response tests are performed to obtain a reuse performance evaluation spectrum.

2. The green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating the dynamic activation indicator includes: The ultrasonic scanning data of the micro-area is acquired, and the interlayer bond strength distribution is analyzed to generate a structural strength feature matrix; The laser-induced breakdown spectral data is acquired, and surface contaminant composition is analyzed to generate a contaminant composition indicator. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data are acquired, and the bulk health status is inferred to generate health status parameters. The structural strength feature matrix, pollutant composition indicators, and health status parameters are normalized and fused to generate the dynamic activation indicator.

3. The green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of generating the multi-field coupled driving sequence includes: Based on the dynamically activated indicator, frequency mapping is performed to generate a sound field parameter set; Based on the dynamic activation indicator, electrochemical pulse intensity mapping is performed to generate an electric field parameter set; Based on the dynamically activated indicator, a magnetic field strength and frequency mapping is performed to generate a set of magnetic field parameters; The acoustic field parameter group, electric field parameter group, and magnetic field parameter group are combined and serialized using a preset gain coefficient to form the multi-field coupling drive sequence.

4. A green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the interface stripping intermediate includes: The multi-field coupling driving sequence is applied to the waste electrode sheet in the form of periodic pulses to generate an interface perturbation distribution; Based on the interface perturbation distribution, selective charge migration is induced to generate interface debonding paths. The layers are separated along the interface debonding path to obtain the interface peeling intermediate.

5. A green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of generating the swollen and purified mixture includes: The interface stripping intermediate is interacted with a pre-set ionic liquid that has both swelling and complexing functions to generate a swollen interface layer. In the swollen interface layer, the ionic liquid simultaneously undergoes binder swelling and metal impurity complexation to generate the swollen purification mixture.

6. A green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of outputting pure active material clusters includes: A pulsating flow field is applied to the swollen purification mixture to generate a phase with enhanced mass transfer. In the enhanced mass transfer phase, liquid-liquid-solid three-phase separation is performed to generate an impurity separation phase and the pure active material clusters; The purified active material clusters are dried and subjected to anti-agglomeration treatment to output the purified active material clusters.

7. A green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of generating the regenerated electrode material includes: The pure active material clusters are placed in the plasma gas to perform defect repair and generate a defect repair layer. The surface charge channels of the defect repair layer are reconstructed to generate an interface conductive layer; The interface conductive layer is subjected to crystal phase ordering treatment to generate the regenerated electrode material.

8. A green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials according to claim 7, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining the reuse performance evaluation map include: The repolarized laminar body was subjected to charge-discharge cycle tests to generate cycle performance data; The repolarized laminar body was subjected to a rate response test to generate rate performance data; The cycle performance data and rate performance data are fused and analyzed to generate the reuse performance evaluation map.

9. A green recycling and regeneration method for waste battery electrode materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the aforementioned reuse performance evaluation map, performance deviation data were calculated. The gain coefficient is adjusted based on the performance deviation data; The parameters of the ionic liquid are adjusted based on the performance deviation data.

10. A green recycling and regeneration system for waste battery electrode materials, characterized in that, The system includes: The multidimensional sensing module is used to acquire micro-area ultrasonic scanning data, laser-induced breakdown spectral data, and electrochemical impedance spectral data of waste electrode sheets, and to perform feature fusion to generate dynamic activation indicators. A sequence generation module is used to map and generate an adaptively adjusted multi-field coupling driving sequence based on the dynamic activation indicator; A multi-field coupling stripping module is used to apply the multi-field coupling driving sequence to the waste electrode sheet and perform multi-field coupling stripping under normal pressure and low temperature conditions to obtain an interface stripping intermediate. The swelling and purification module is used to mix the interface stripping intermediate with an ionic liquid that has both swelling and complexing functions to generate a swelling and purification mixture. The pulsating phase separation module is used to apply a pulsating flow field to the swollen and purified mixture to enhance phase separation treatment and output pure active material clusters; The low-temperature repair module is used to place the pure active material clusters in a low-temperature plasma atmosphere for in-situ crystallization repair to generate regenerated electrode materials. The repolarization and testing module is used to perform environmentally friendly bonding and water-based conductive agent compounding on the regenerated electrode material to form a repolarized layer, and to perform cycle and rate response tests to obtain a reuse performance evaluation spectrum.

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