Active protection system, active protection method and device for electrical equipment

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of power utilization protection, and provides a power utilization equipment active protection system, a power utilization equipment active protection method and device, which comprise a current sensor, a voltage comparator and a relay; the input end of the current sensor is connected with the power utilization equipment, is used for collecting the running current of the power utilization equipment, converting the running current into a running voltage, and inputting the running voltage into the voltage comparator; the voltage comparator comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end; the first input end is connected with the output end of the current sensor and is used for receiving the running voltage; the second input end is used for receiving a reference voltage; the output end is used for outputting a voltage comparison result obtained by comparing the running voltage with the reference voltage; the relay is connected with the output end of the voltage comparator, is used for receiving the voltage comparison result, and controls the on-off of a connecting circuit between a power supply module and the power utilization equipment based on the voltage comparison result. The active monitoring and timely cut-off protection of the abnormal state of the power utilization equipment are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical protection technology, and in particular to an active protection system, method and device for electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] According to relevant technologies, existing electrical equipment, such as fans, often suffers from miswiring problems during installation or use due to human error or unclear wiring markings.

[0003] Currently, the protection design of many electrical devices relies primarily on fuses as the sole abnormal current protection device. Fuses are passive protection components, only activating when the current exceeds their rated fusing value. They cannot monitor the equipment's operating status in real time, nor can they identify abnormal operating conditions where the current has not reached the fusing value.

[0004] Therefore, finding a protective mechanism for proactive monitoring and timely disconnection of abnormal electrical equipment has become a current research hotspot. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an active protection system, method and device for electrical equipment, which realizes active monitoring and timely disconnection protection of abnormal states of electrical equipment, thereby improving the safety protection of electrical equipment when faults such as miswiring occur.

[0006] This invention provides an active protection system for electrical equipment. The system includes a current sensor, a voltage comparator, and a relay. The input terminal of the current sensor is connected in series with the electrical equipment to collect the operating current of the electrical equipment, convert the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current, and input the operating voltage to the voltage comparator. The voltage comparator includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The first input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the current sensor to receive the operating voltage. The second input terminal is used to receive a reference voltage. The output terminal is used to output a voltage comparison result obtained by comparing the operating voltage and the reference voltage, wherein the reference voltage is used to characterize the voltage value of the electrical equipment under normal operation. The relay is connected to the output terminal of the voltage comparator to receive the voltage comparison result and control the on / off state of the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the voltage comparison result, wherein the power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

[0007] According to the present invention, an active protection system for electrical equipment includes a relay that controls the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the voltage comparison result in the following manner: when the voltage comparison result indicates that the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is disconnected; when the voltage comparison result indicates that the operating voltage does not exceed the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is turned on.

[0008] According to the present invention, an active protection system for electrical equipment further includes a microcontroller, wherein the microcontroller is connected to the output terminal of the current sensor and is used to collect the operating voltage of the electrical equipment. The microcontroller is used to control the disconnection of the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the microcontroller when the voltage comparison result shows that the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage and the relay fails to successfully disconnect the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment.

[0009] According to the present invention, an active protection system for electrical equipment further includes a parameter setting interface, wherein the parameter setting interface is connected to the second input terminal of the voltage comparator and is used to provide the reference voltage to the second input terminal, wherein the parameter setting interface is used to determine the reference voltage based on the rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment set by the user.

[0010] According to the present invention, an active protection system for electrical equipment includes a built-in microcontroller in the parameter setting interface. The parameter setting interface provides the reference voltage to the second input terminal in the following manner: acquiring the rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment set by the user; controlling the output waveform frequency of the microcontroller based on the rated operating parameters; and performing waveform conversion on the output waveform frequency to obtain the reference voltage that matches the rated operating parameters.

[0011] The present invention also provides an active protection method for electrical equipment, which is applied to any of the active protection systems for electrical equipment described in the present invention. The method includes: collecting the operating current of the electrical equipment and obtaining a reference voltage of the electrical equipment under normal operation; converting the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current; and controlling the on / off state of the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage, wherein the power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

[0012] According to a method for active protection of electrical equipment provided by the present invention, the step of controlling the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage includes: controlling the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment to disconnect when the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage; and controlling the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment to be turned on when the operating voltage does not exceed the reference voltage.

[0013] According to a method for active protection of electrical equipment provided by the present invention, the reference voltage is determined by the following method: obtaining the rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment set by the user; determining the output waveform frequency of the microcontroller based on the rated operating parameters; and performing waveform conversion on the output waveform frequency to obtain the reference voltage that matches the rated operating parameters.

[0014] The present invention also provides an active protection device for electrical equipment, which is applied to any of the active protection systems for electrical equipment described in the present invention. The device includes: a data acquisition module for acquiring the operating current of the electrical equipment and obtaining a reference voltage of the electrical equipment under normal operation; a conversion module for converting the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current; and a control module for controlling the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage, wherein the power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

[0015] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the active protection method for electrical equipment as described above.

[0016] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the active protection method for electrical equipment as described above.

[0017] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the active protection method for electrical equipment as described above.

[0018] This invention provides an active protection system, method, and apparatus for electrical equipment. The system includes a current sensor, a voltage comparator, and a relay. The input terminal of the current sensor is connected in series with the electrical equipment to collect the operating current of the equipment, convert the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current, and input the operating voltage to the voltage comparator. The voltage comparator includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The first input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the current sensor to receive the operating voltage. The second input terminal receives a reference voltage. The output terminal outputs a voltage comparison result obtained by comparing the operating voltage and the reference voltage, where the reference voltage characterizes the voltage value of the electrical equipment under normal operation. The relay is connected to the output terminal of the voltage comparator to receive the voltage comparison result and control the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the voltage comparison result. The power supply module supplies power to the electrical equipment. This system achieves active monitoring and timely disconnection protection of abnormal states of electrical equipment, thereby improving the safety protection of electrical equipment in the event of faults such as miswiring. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the active protection system for electrical equipment provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the active protection system for electrical equipment provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the active protection method for electrical equipment provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the active protection device for electrical equipment provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure label: 100: Active protection system for electrical equipment; 110: Current sensor; 120: Voltage comparator; 130: Relay. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0028] The active protection system for electrical equipment provided by this invention can solve the problems that fuses cannot protect against short circuits in some windings of electrical equipment and that fuses cannot actively monitor and protect against abnormal operating conditions of external equipment.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the active protection system for electrical equipment provided by the present invention.

[0030] The following will combine Figure 1 The structure of the active protection system for electrical equipment provided by this law is explained.

[0031] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, combined with Figure 1 As can be seen, the active protection system 100 for electrical equipment may include a current sensor 110, a voltage comparator 120, and a relay 130. Each component will be described in detail below.

[0032] The input terminal of the current sensor 110 is connected in series with the electrical equipment to collect the operating current of the electrical equipment, convert the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current, and input the operating voltage to the voltage comparator 120. The voltage comparator 120 includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The first input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the current sensor 110 and is used to receive the operating voltage. The second input terminal is used to receive a reference voltage. The output terminal is used to output the voltage comparison result obtained by comparing the operating voltage and the reference voltage. The reference voltage is used to characterize the voltage value of the electrical equipment under normal operation. Relay 130 is connected to the output of voltage comparator 120 to receive voltage comparison results and control the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the voltage comparison results. The power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

[0033] In one embodiment, the input terminal of the current sensor 110 is connected in series with the electrical device. Specifically, the current sensor 110 is connected in series in the power supply circuit between the power supply module and the electrical device. In this embodiment, the electrical device can be a fan, and the power supply module can be a mains power supply. The current sensor 110 is used to collect the operating current of the electrical device in real time and convert the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current according to a preset ratio. This operating voltage is output through the output terminal of the current sensor 110.

[0034] The voltage comparator 120 includes a first input terminal IN2-, a second input terminal IN2+, and an output terminal OUT2. The first input terminal IN2- is connected to the output terminal of the current sensor 110 and is used to receive the operating voltage. The second input terminal IN2+ is used to receive a reference voltage Vref, which is set to be equal to the voltage value corresponding to the current when the electrical equipment is operating normally under rated conditions. The output terminal OUT2 is used to output the voltage comparison result obtained by comparing the operating voltage and the reference voltage Vref.

[0035] Specifically, the voltage comparator 120 operates as follows: when the voltage at the first input terminal IN2- is higher than the voltage at the second input terminal IN2+, the output terminal OUT2 outputs a low level; when the voltage at the first input terminal IN2- is lower than the voltage at the second input terminal IN2+, the output terminal OUT2 outputs a high level. In this embodiment, the reference voltage Vref can be preset and fixed according to the rated current parameters of the electrical equipment.

[0036] Relay 130 is connected to the output terminal OUT2 of voltage comparator 120 to receive the voltage comparison result and control the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the voltage comparison result. In this embodiment, relay 130 may include a coil and contacts. One end of the coil is connected to the output terminal OUT2 of voltage comparator 120, and the other end is grounded. The contacts are connected in series in the power supply circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment.

[0037] During application, under normal operating conditions, the operating current of the electrical equipment is within the rated range, and the operating voltage output by the current sensor 110 is not higher than the reference voltage Vref. At this time, the output terminal OUT2 of the voltage comparator 120 outputs a high level, the coil of the relay 130 is energized, the contacts remain closed, and the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment remains conductive, ensuring continuous power supply to the electrical equipment. When the electrical equipment experiences abnormal operating conditions (such as a short circuit in the fan winding or a short circuit caused by incorrect wiring), its operating current rises sharply, exceeding the rated current value. The operating voltage output by the current sensor 110 subsequently rises and exceeds the reference voltage Vref. At this time, the voltage at the first input terminal IN2- of the voltage comparator 120 is higher than the voltage at the second input terminal IN2+, the output terminal OUT2 flips to output a low level, the coil of the relay 130 is de-energized, the contacts open, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is cut off, and the electrical equipment is immediately powered off, thus achieving active protection against abnormal operating conditions.

[0038] Unlike traditional fuses that can only passively melt under extreme short-circuit currents, this embodiment can use a voltage comparator to determine and drive a relay to actively cut off the power supply circuit when the operating current of the electrical equipment exceeds the rated value. This provides effective protection against non-extreme short-circuit conditions such as partial winding short circuits and minor overloads, preventing the electrical equipment from burning out due to long-term overcurrent heating.

[0039] This invention provides an active protection system for electrical equipment. The system includes a current sensor, a voltage comparator, and a relay. The input terminal of the current sensor is connected in series with the electrical equipment to collect the operating current of the equipment, convert the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current, and input the operating voltage to the voltage comparator. The voltage comparator includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The first input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the current sensor to receive the operating voltage. The second input terminal receives a reference voltage. The output terminal outputs a voltage comparison result obtained by comparing the operating voltage and the reference voltage, where the reference voltage characterizes the voltage value of the electrical equipment under normal operation. The relay is connected to the output terminal of the voltage comparator to receive the voltage comparison result and control the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the voltage comparison result. The power supply module supplies power to the electrical equipment. This system achieves active monitoring and timely disconnection protection of abnormal states of electrical equipment, thereby improving the safety protection of electrical equipment in the event of faults such as miswiring.

[0040] In yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, continuing with the previously described embodiments, the relay 130 can control the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the voltage comparison result in the following manner: If the voltage comparison result indicates that the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is disconnected. If the voltage comparison result indicates that the operating voltage does not exceed the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is turned on.

[0041] In one embodiment, when the electrical equipment experiences an abnormal operating condition (such as a partial winding short circuit or incorrect wiring), its operating current rises sharply, and the operating voltage output by the current sensor 110 increases and exceeds the reference voltage Vref. At this time, the voltage at the first input terminal IN2- of the voltage comparator 120 is higher than the voltage at the second input terminal IN2+, and the output terminal OUT2 flips from a high level to a low level. The low-level signal is applied to the base of the transistor through the current-limiting resistor, the transistor is cut off, the coil of the relay 130 is de-energized, the normally open contact is reset and opened, thereby cutting off the power supply circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment, and the electrical equipment is immediately powered off, realizing active protection.

[0042] In another embodiment, when the electrical equipment is operating normally or the operating current is within the rated range, the operating voltage output by the current sensor 110 is not higher than the reference voltage Vref. At this time, the voltage at the first input terminal IN2- of the voltage comparator 120 is lower than or equal to the voltage at the second input terminal IN2+, and the output terminal OUT2 remains high. The high-level signal is applied to the base of the transistor through the current-limiting resistor, causing the transistor to saturate and conduct. The coil of the relay 130 is energized, and the normally open contact closes, keeping the power supply circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment connected, ensuring that the electrical equipment continuously receives normal power.

[0043] In yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the active protection system 100 for electrical equipment further includes a microcontroller, wherein, The microcontroller is connected to the output terminal of the current sensor and is used to collect the operating voltage of the electrical equipment. When the voltage comparison result shows that the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage and the relay fails to successfully control the disconnection of the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment, the microcontroller controls the disconnection of the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment.

[0044] In one embodiment, in order to effectively protect the electrical equipment even when the relay 130 fails to disconnect the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment when it should disconnect the connection circuit, the microcontroller can be connected to the output terminal of the current sensor 110 to collect the operating voltage of the electrical equipment. When the voltage comparison result shows that the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage, the microcontroller software controls the disconnection of the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment to achieve software backup protection.

[0045] In another embodiment, to achieve coordinated control of the relay 130 by the voltage comparator 120 and the microcontroller, a wired-AND connection structure is adopted. The output terminal OUT2 of the voltage comparator 1202 is an open-drain output structure, and the general-purpose input / output pins of the microcontroller are configured in open-drain output mode. Both are connected to the base of the transistor through pull-up resistors. This connection method ensures that: when the voltage comparator 120 outputs a low level or the microcontroller outputs a low level, the base of the transistor Q1 is pulled low, the coil of the relay 130 is de-energized, and the contacts open; only when the voltage comparator 120 outputs a high level (high impedance state) and the microcontroller outputs a high level (high impedance state) is the base of the transistor pulled high by the pull-up resistor, the coil of the relay 130 is energized, and the contacts close.

[0046] During application, the microcontroller compares the collected operating voltage with an internally preset reference voltage threshold. If the microcontroller determines that the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage threshold, it indicates that the electrical equipment is in an abnormal overcurrent state. At this time, the microcontroller further detects the actual state of the relay 130. In this embodiment, the microcontroller can determine whether the relay 130 has successfully disconnected the power supply circuit through the auxiliary contacts of the relay 130, the voltage change trend of the current sensor 110, or a preset delay waiting mode. If the microcontroller determines that the voltage comparison result is that the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage and the relay has not successfully controlled the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment to disconnect, for example, the hardware protection fails due to the voltage comparator 120 not outputting a low level due to its own fault, the transistor short-circuiting, or the relay 130 contacts sticking together, the microcontroller immediately executes the software protection program, forcing its general-purpose input / output pins to output a low level. This low level pulls the base of the transistor low through the "wired-AND" structure, forcing the relay 130 coil to lose power and the contacts to open, thereby cutting off the power supply to the electrical equipment and realizing software backup protection.

[0047] In yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the active protection system for electrical equipment further includes a parameter setting interface, wherein, The parameter setting interface is connected to the second input terminal of the voltage comparator and is used to provide the reference voltage to the second input terminal. The parameter setting interface is used to determine the reference voltage based on the rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment set by the user.

[0048] In one embodiment, the parameter setting interface may include a human-machine interface unit and a reference voltage generation circuit. The human-machine interface unit can be used to receive the rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment input by the user. In this embodiment, the human-machine interface unit can be buttons and a digital display screen on the control panel, allowing the user to input the rated current value, rated voltage value, or fan model code of the connected fan via the buttons. Alternatively, the human-machine interface unit can also be a touch screen, DIP switch, rotary potentiometer, or connect to a host computer or mobile terminal via a communication interface (such as RS485, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth) to receive remotely set parameters. The reference voltage generation circuit is connected to the human-machine interface unit and the second input terminal IN2+ of the voltage comparator 120, and is used to generate a corresponding reference voltage Vref based on the rated operating parameters set by the user, and send it to the second input terminal IN2+ of the voltage comparator 120.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the parameter setting interface has a built-in microcontroller, and the parameter setting interface provides the reference voltage to the second input terminal in the following manner: Obtain the rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment set by the user; The output waveform frequency of the microcontroller is controlled based on the rated operating parameters. The frequency of the output waveform is converted to obtain the reference voltage that matches the rated operating parameters.

[0050] In one embodiment, the parameter setting interface may also incorporate a microcontroller. This microcontroller U4 includes a communication interface (such as UART, I2C, or a parallel bus), at least one programmable frequency output pin, and internal non-volatile memory. The communication interface connects to a human-machine interface unit to obtain the user-set rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment (e.g., rated current, rated power, or equipment model); the programmable frequency output pin outputs a square wave signal with an adjustable frequency and a fixed duty cycle; and the internal non-volatile memory stores the current sensor sensitivity coefficient, the mapping relationship between rated parameters and the output frequency, or calculation formulas.

[0051] The parameter setting interface may also include a waveform conversion circuit, whose input is connected to the frequency output pin of the microcontroller, and whose output is connected to the second input pin IN2+ of the voltage comparator 120. This waveform conversion circuit is used to convert the square wave frequency (corresponding to the output waveform frequency) output by the microcontroller into a corresponding DC voltage, which serves as the reference voltage Vref.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the active protection system for electrical equipment provided by the present invention.

[0053] To further introduce the active protection system for electrical equipment provided by this invention, the following will be combined with... Figure 2 For illustration.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, combined with Figure 2 it can be seen that B1 can be represented as a simulated fan winding, that is, the corresponding electrical equipment, and U1 can be represented as a current sensor for monitoring the working current during fan operation. The sensitivity of the current sensor is 100 mV / A (when the current changes by 1 A, the voltage changes by 100 mV), and the range of its output voltage is 0 to 5 V. U2 can be represented as a voltage comparator. IN2+ (corresponding to the second input terminal in the previous text) and IN2- (corresponding to the first input terminal in the previous text) are the comparison input terminals of the voltage sensor. When IN2+ > IN2- (normal current), OUT2 is at a high level (OUT2 is in a high configuration, pulled up to 5 V by the 5V pull-up resistor R118), the triode Q5 conducts, the MOS transistor Q4 conducts, and the relay remains powered.

[0055] When IN2+ < IN2- (abnormal current), OUT2 is at a low level, the triode Q5 is cut off, the MOS transistor Q4 is cut off, the relay is turned off, and the fan is powered off.

[0056] When the circuit is abnormal, the single-chip microcomputer ADC pin will also collect abnormal voltage information and will actively control the single-chip microcomputer I / O to be at a low level, turn off the MOS transistor, turn off the relay, and power off the fan.

[0057] Among them, the input voltage of the IN2+ pin of the voltage comparator can be generated by the single-chip microcomputer output PWM wave + RC filter circuit. The voltage is adjusted by adjusting the output frequency and duty cycle of the PWM. For example, to output a 2.5V voltage, the single-chip microcomputer outputs a frequency of 1K, and the required duty cycle is 50%. The single-chip microcomputer I / O is configured as an open-drain output, and the output of the voltage comparator is also an open-drain output. The two form a wire-AND relationship, and the high-level output is achieved by pulling up through a 5V pull-up resistor.

[0058] As described above, the present invention provides an active protection system for electrical equipment. The system includes a current sensor, a voltage comparator, and a relay. The input terminal of the current sensor is connected in series with the electrical equipment to collect the operating current of the equipment, convert the operating current into a corresponding operating voltage, and input the operating voltage to the voltage comparator. The voltage comparator includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The first input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the current sensor to receive the operating voltage. The second input terminal receives a reference voltage. The output terminal outputs a voltage comparison result obtained by comparing the operating voltage and the reference voltage, where the reference voltage characterizes the voltage value of the electrical equipment under normal operation. The relay is connected to the output terminal of the voltage comparator to receive the voltage comparison result and, based on the result, controls the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment, whereby the power supply module supplies power to the electrical equipment. This system achieves active monitoring and timely disconnection protection of abnormal states of electrical equipment, thereby improving the safety protection of electrical equipment in the event of faults such as miswiring.

[0059] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides an active protection method for electrical equipment, which will be described below in conjunction with the following embodiments.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the active protection method for electrical equipment provided by the present invention. The following will be combined with... Figure 3 Please provide an explanation.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the active protection method for electrical equipment can be applied to an active protection system for electrical equipment. Combined with... Figure 3 As can be seen, the active protection method for electrical equipment may include steps 310 to 330, and each step will be described below.

[0062] In step 310, the operating current of the electrical equipment is collected, and the reference voltage of the electrical equipment under normal operation is obtained; In step 320, the operating current is converted into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current; In step 330, based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is controlled to be switched on or off, wherein the power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

[0063] In one embodiment, the operating current in the power supply circuit of the electrical equipment can be acquired in real time using a current sensor. The current sensor can be a Hall effect type or a shunt resistor type current sensing device, and its output is a voltage signal proportional to the instantaneous current. In this step, the current sensor continuously senses the circuit current and generates a corresponding analog voltage value at its output terminal.

[0064] It can also obtain the reference voltage of the electrical equipment under normal operation, where the reference voltage represents the voltage value corresponding to the current when the electrical equipment is operating normally under rated conditions.

[0065] Furthermore, this can be accomplished automatically by a current sensor. The current sensor linearly converts the acquired real-time operating current into a voltage value according to its sensitivity coefficient Sens (unit: V / A). This operating voltage is then output to the first input of a voltage comparator in real time.

[0066] In another embodiment, the voltage comparator compares the operating voltage at the first input terminal with the reference voltage at the second input terminal: if the operating voltage ≤ the reference voltage, it indicates that the operating current of the electrical equipment does not exceed the rated value and is under normal operating conditions; if the operating voltage > the reference voltage, it indicates that the operating current of the electrical equipment exceeds the rated value, and an abnormal overcurrent has occurred (such as partial winding short circuit, miswiring, etc.). The comparison result is output in digital level form through the output terminal of the voltage comparator: when the operating voltage ≤ the reference voltage, the output is high level; when the operating voltage > the reference voltage, the output is low level.

[0067] The relay can receive the voltage comparison result from the voltage comparator and control the power supply circuit accordingly: when the voltage comparison result is high, the relay coil is energized, the contacts close, and the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment remains conductive, ensuring the electrical equipment receives continuous power. When the voltage comparison result is low, the relay coil is de-energized, the contacts open, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is cut off, and the electrical equipment is immediately de-energized, thus achieving active protection against abnormal operating conditions.

[0068] In this embodiment, the real-time operating current of the electrical equipment is continuously compared with the reference voltage characterizing the rated operating condition. Once an overcurrent is detected, the relay is immediately driven to cut off the power supply, achieving active protection against non-extreme short-circuit faults such as partial winding short circuits and miswiring. Compared with the traditional protection method where fuses can only cope with extreme short circuits and are passively blown, this method shortens the protection action time from seconds (fuse melting) to milliseconds (relay action), effectively preventing the electrical equipment from burning out due to prolonged overcurrent heating.

[0069] In yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, continuing with the previously described embodiments, controlling the on / off state of the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage can be achieved in the following manner: If the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is disconnected. If the operating voltage does not exceed the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is controlled to be turned on.

[0070] In one embodiment, the voltage comparator compares the operating voltage at the first input terminal with the reference voltage at the second input terminal: if the operating voltage ≤ the reference voltage, it indicates that the operating current of the electrical equipment does not exceed the rated value and is under normal operating conditions; if the operating voltage > the reference voltage, it indicates that the operating current of the electrical equipment exceeds the rated value, and an abnormal overcurrent has occurred (such as partial winding short circuit, miswiring, etc.). The comparison result is output in digital level form through the output terminal of the voltage comparator: when the operating voltage ≤ the reference voltage, the output is high level; when the operating voltage > the reference voltage, the output is low level.

[0071] The relay can receive the voltage comparison result from the voltage comparator and control the power supply circuit accordingly: when the voltage comparison result is high, the relay coil is energized, the contacts close, and the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment remains conductive, ensuring the electrical equipment receives continuous power. When the voltage comparison result is low, the relay coil is de-energized, the contacts open, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is cut off, and the electrical equipment is immediately de-energized, thus achieving active protection against abnormal operating conditions.

[0072] In yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the reference voltage can be determined in the following manner, using the previously described embodiments as an example: Obtain the rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment set by the user; The output waveform frequency of the microcontroller is determined based on the rated operating parameters. The frequency of the output waveform is converted to obtain the reference voltage that matches the rated operating parameters.

[0073] In one embodiment, the user can input the rated operating parameters of the currently connected fan through a human-machine interface unit, such as buttons on the wired controller panel, a touchscreen, or via a mobile app or host computer software. The microcontroller receives this rated current value through a communication interface and stores it in its internal non-volatile memory for subsequent calculations. During application, the output waveform frequency of the microcontroller can be determined based on the rated operating parameters; then, waveform conversion is performed on the output waveform frequency to obtain a reference voltage that matches the rated operating parameters.

[0074] The active protection device for electrical equipment provided by the present invention is described below. The active protection device for electrical equipment described below can be referred to in correspondence with the active protection method for electrical equipment described above.

[0075] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the active protection device for electrical equipment provided by the present invention. The following will be combined with... Figure 4 The structure of the active protection device for electrical equipment provided by the present invention will be described.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, combined with Figure 4 As can be seen, the active protection device for electrical equipment can be applied to the active protection system for electrical equipment. The active protection device for electrical equipment may include a data acquisition module 410, a conversion module 420, and a control module 430. Each module will be described in detail below.

[0077] The acquisition module 410 can be configured to acquire the operating current of the electrical equipment and obtain the reference voltage of the electrical equipment under normal operation. Conversion module 420 can be configured to convert the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current; The control module 430 can be configured to control the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical device based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage, wherein the power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical device.

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the control module 430 can control the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical device based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage in the following manner: If the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is disconnected. If the operating voltage does not exceed the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is controlled to be turned on.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition module 410 may determine the reference voltage in the following manner: Obtain the rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment set by the user; The output waveform frequency of the microcontroller is determined based on the rated operating parameters. The frequency of the output waveform is converted to obtain the reference voltage that matches the rated operating parameters.

[0080] Figure 5 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 5As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 510, a communication interface 520, a memory 530, and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication interface 520, and the memory 530 communicate with each other through the communication bus 540. The processor 510 can call logic instructions in the memory 530 to execute an active protection method for electrical equipment. The method is applied to any of the active protection systems for electrical equipment described above. The method includes: acquiring the operating current of the electrical equipment and obtaining a reference voltage of the electrical equipment under normal operation; converting the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current; and controlling the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage, wherein the power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

[0081] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 530 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0082] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the active protection method for electrical equipment provided by the above methods. The method is applied to any of the active protection systems for electrical equipment described above. The method includes: collecting the operating current of the electrical equipment and obtaining a reference voltage of the electrical equipment under normal operation; converting the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current; and controlling the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage, wherein the power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

[0083] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the active protection method for electrical equipment provided by the above methods. The method is applied to any of the active protection systems for electrical equipment described in the present invention. The method includes: acquiring the operating current of the electrical equipment and obtaining a reference voltage of the electrical equipment under normal operation; converting the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current; and controlling the on / off state of the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage, wherein the power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

[0084] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0085] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active protection system for electrical equipment, characterized in that, The system includes a current sensor, a voltage comparator, and a relay, wherein, The input terminal of the current sensor is connected in series with the electrical equipment to collect the operating current of the electrical equipment, convert the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current, and input the operating voltage to the voltage comparator; The voltage comparator includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The first input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the current sensor and is used to receive the operating voltage. The second input terminal is used to receive a reference voltage. The output terminal is used to output a voltage comparison result obtained by comparing the operating voltage and the reference voltage. The reference voltage is used to characterize the voltage value of the electrical equipment under normal operation. The relay is connected to the output terminal of the voltage comparator and is used to receive the voltage comparison result and control the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the voltage comparison result. The power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

2. The active protection system for electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relay controls the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the voltage comparison result in the following manner: If the voltage comparison result indicates that the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is disconnected. If the voltage comparison result indicates that the operating voltage does not exceed the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is turned on.

3. The active protection system for electrical equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The active protection system for electrical equipment also includes a microcontroller, wherein... The microcontroller is connected to the output terminal of the current sensor and is used to collect the operating voltage of the electrical equipment. When the voltage comparison result shows that the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage and the relay fails to successfully control the disconnection of the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment, the microcontroller controls the disconnection of the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment.

4. The active protection system for electrical equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The active protection system for electrical equipment also includes a parameter setting interface, wherein... The parameter setting interface is connected to the second input terminal of the voltage comparator and is used to provide the reference voltage to the second input terminal. The parameter setting interface is used to determine the reference voltage based on the rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment set by the user.

5. The active protection system for electrical equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The parameter setting interface has a built-in microcontroller, and the parameter setting interface provides the reference voltage to the second input terminal in the following way: Obtain the rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment set by the user; The output waveform frequency of the microcontroller is controlled based on the rated operating parameters. The frequency of the output waveform is converted to obtain the reference voltage that matches the rated operating parameters.

6. A method for active protection of electrical equipment, characterized in that, The method is applied to the active protection system for electrical equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the method includes: The operating current of the electrical equipment is collected, and the reference voltage of the electrical equipment under normal operation is obtained; Convert the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current; Based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is controlled to open or close, wherein the power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

7. The active protection method for electrical equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method of controlling the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage includes: If the operating voltage exceeds the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is disconnected. If the operating voltage does not exceed the reference voltage, the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment is controlled to be turned on.

8. The active protection method for electrical equipment according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The reference voltage is determined in the following manner: Obtain the rated operating parameters of the electrical equipment set by the user; The output waveform frequency of the microcontroller is determined based on the rated operating parameters. The frequency of the output waveform is converted to obtain the reference voltage that matches the rated operating parameters.

9. An active protection device for electrical equipment, characterized in that, The device is applied to the active protection system for electrical equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the device comprises: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the operating current of the electrical equipment and to obtain the reference voltage of the electrical equipment under normal operating conditions. A conversion module is used to convert the operating current into an operating voltage corresponding to the operating current; A control module is used to control the connection circuit between the power supply module and the electrical equipment based on the reference voltage and the operating voltage, wherein the power supply module is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the active protection method for electrical equipment as described in any one of claims 6 to 8.

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