Floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system and method, which comprises a power generation module, an electric energy processing module, a battery energy storage module, an electric energy management and control module, a hydrogen-ammonia production module, a refrigeration storage module and a mooring device; the power generation module is connected with the electric energy processing module in data mode and is used for power generation; the electric energy processing module is connected with the battery energy storage module and the hydrogen-ammonia production module in data mode and is used for electric energy processing and conversion; the battery energy storage module is used for storing electric energy; the electric energy management and control module is connected with the hydrogen-ammonia production module in data mode and is used for monitoring and controlling electric energy; the hydrogen-ammonia production module is connected with the electric energy processing module, the electric energy management and control module and the refrigeration storage module in data mode and is used for preparing hydrogen and ammonia; the refrigeration storage module is used for storing hydrogen and ammonia; the power generation module, the electric energy processing module, the battery energy storage module, the electric energy management and control module, the hydrogen-ammonia production module and the refrigeration storage module are integrally installed in a ship body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of floating offshore power generation technology, and more particularly to a floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system and method. Background Technology

[0002] For new energy sources, there are currently a variety of offshore power generation methods, including wind, solar, wave, and tidal energy. These methods can provide a sufficient energy supply. However, energy consumption fluctuates due to distance and cycle, making it impossible to perfectly couple power supply and consumption. Furthermore, new energy power generation is decentralized; timely conversion and storage in other ways can prevent large-scale curtailment of wind and solar power.

[0003] Currently, there are various ways to obtain electricity from new energy sources, such as chemical energy storage, mechanical energy storage, and compressed air energy storage. Among them, the method of chemically converting green electricity obtained from new energy sources into synthetic products is an excellent energy storage method. In the conversion process, excess green electricity is consumed and chemical products are obtained at the same time, achieving multiple benefits.

[0004] There are two existing chemical synthesis routes: electro-hydrogen conversion and electro-ammonia conversion. In a marine environment, hydrogen and ammonia production have the following disadvantages: First, high cost. If transported via pipeline, costs increase with distance. Second, transportation and storage difficulties. Storage and transportation of hydrogen and ammonia produced independently are problematic, requiring pipelines or ships, with ship transport demanding large lifting equipment. Third, after hydrogen and ammonia production, extensive purification and separation equipment is needed, which, given the inherent difficulties of construction and limited space at sea, further reduces the competitiveness of offshore power generation for hydrogen and ammonia production.

[0005] By designing a new offshore green energy conversion facility, particularly in deep-sea environments, the efficiency of green energy conversion and storage can be increased, costs reduced, transportation difficulties simplified, and the possibility of direct use as fuel increased, significantly reducing costs. The offshore conversion facility can conveniently supply energy directly to surrounding vessels or equipment, or promptly transport the products of green energy conversion back to land, greatly improving the utilization rate of green energy and significantly reducing wind and solar power curtailment.

[0006] Currently, offshore photovoltaic and wind power generation are becoming increasingly mature and are gradually expanding from nearshore to deep-sea areas. However, the electricity generated by these new energy sources cannot be consumed in a timely manner in the deep sea, thus necessitating a solution to address the issues from generation to storage to transportation. Electricity storage solutions fall into two main categories: electrochemical and electroconversion. Electroconversion involves converting electricity into existing renewable energy sources. Electroconversion is further divided into three schemes: electro-hydrogen production, electro-ammonia production, and electro-methanol production.

[0007] Hydrogen production via water electrolysis mainly includes alkaline electrolysis (ALK), proton exchange membrane electrolysis (PEM), solid oxide electrolysis (SOEC), and seawater electrolysis. Ammonia electrolysis is based on hydrogen production using the mature Haber-Bosch process, i.e., nitrogen gas (…). ) and hydrogen ( Under conditions of high temperature, high pressure, and the presence of a catalyst, a reaction occurs to produce ammonia gas. The chemical equation is: (Exothermic reaction). The electro-ethanol production scheme uses carbon capture technology to collect carbon dioxide generated in chemical, steelmaking, and other processes, and the hydrogen produced by electro-hydrogen production. The two react to produce methanol. This invention employs a scheme of electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen, then ammonia, to form a mixed gas. Currently, both electro-hydrogen and electro-ammonia conversion technologies are relatively mature, and deep-sea floating hydrogen and ammonia production is a key technical solution for the use of green electricity in deep-sea environments.

[0008] Existing technologies mostly rely on coastal or near-shore pipelines, or directly set up a fixed development platform. Due to insufficient design during use, they suffer from the following drawbacks: First, construction costs are high. Most of the technology is applied to near-shore deployments, relying on pipeline transportation. In deep-sea areas, the disadvantage of this invention is a significant increase in cost. The further away from the coastline, the more difficult and costly the pipeline laying becomes, making construction costs difficult to estimate. Second, product storage efficiency is low. Hydrogen has a large volume and low density, requiring high-pressure refrigerated tanks for storage (liquid hydrogen's storage temperature is -253℃, which is difficult to meet). It has a high mass energy density (120 MJ / Kg) but a low volumetric energy density (8.5). The requirements are very high, and improper storage can easily lead to danger. If the platform is for green electricity to produce hydrogen, the only available platform at sea will be occupied by large hydrogen tanks, resulting in a small storage capacity. Third, it has poor risk resistance. Extreme weather is common at sea. Typhoons in summer and freezing in winter can have a significant impact on production and daily life. Fixed platforms cannot be moved in time during extreme weather, and cannot avoid potential property damage and increased costs due to shutdowns. Fourth, product transfer is difficult. Hydrogen and ammonia produced by fixed energy storage platforms can only be transferred using large hoisting equipment, making it difficult to transfer them at sea. If fixed pipelines are used, the cost of laying them in deep sea increases significantly. Fifth, power generation fluctuates greatly. The annual wind power generation at a fixed location is limited. There is no photovoltaic power generation capacity on cloudy days, and no wind power generation capacity on calm sea surfaces. Extreme weather requires shutdowns, ultimately resulting in actual working time being far less than the designed time, leading to significant fluctuations in product production.

[0009] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention integrates power generation, preparation, storage, and transportation, proposing a floating, mobile offshore power generation and hydrogen / ammonia production vessel. This vessel converts green electricity into a hydrogen / ammonia mixture for storage, solving the problem of large-scale wind and solar power curtailment, improving resilience, accelerating product transportation, and providing strong support for national energy security and reducing energy costs. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system and method. Addressing the shortcomings of current offshore hydrogen and ammonia production platforms, such as difficult transportation, high costs, and numerous equipment requirements, this invention proposes a floating, mobile ammonia and hydrogen production vessel. This vessel integrates power generation, production, storage, and transportation, directly generating a mixture of ammonia and hydrogen from offshore wind power. The mixing ratio has been experimentally verified, and after being filled, the mixture is transported back to land or directly used as energy to fuel passing ships. This integrated generation, production, storage, and transportation significantly reduces unnecessary investment and costs, solves the intermediate links and equipment investment issues in various green energy hydrogen and ammonia production processes, increases the competitiveness of offshore hydrogen and ammonia production, and greatly reduces wind and solar power curtailment.

[0011] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this invention discloses a floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system, the system comprising a power generation module, an energy processing module, a battery energy storage module, an energy management and control module, a hydrogen-ammonia production module, a cold storage module, and mooring equipment; The power generation module is data-connected to the power processing module and is used for power generation; The power processing module is data-connected to the battery energy storage module and the hydrogen and ammonia production module, and is used for power processing and conversion. The battery energy storage module is data-connected to the power management and control module and is used to store electrical energy; The power management and control module is connected to the hydrogen and ammonia production module for monitoring and controlling power. The hydrogen and ammonia production module is data-connected to the power processing module, the power management and control module, and the cold storage module, and is used to produce hydrogen and ammonia. The refrigerated storage module is used to store hydrogen and ammonia. The power generation module, the power processing module, the battery energy storage module, the power management and control module, the hydrogen and ammonia production module, and the refrigeration storage module are integrated and installed in the hull. The vessel is equipped with mooring facilities for use when it travels to a designated area for mooring operations.

[0012] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, the power generation module includes a wind power generation unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit; The wind power generation unit is used to utilize the abundant wind resources at sea. Wind power generation equipment is set up on both sides of the hull to capture the kinetic energy of the sea breeze, convert it into mechanical energy, and then convert it into electrical energy through a generator. The photovoltaic power generation unit is used to utilize marine solar resources to convert solar energy into direct current.

[0013] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, the power processing module includes a cable and a power conversion unit; The cable is connected to the power generation module for transmitting the electrical energy generated by the power generation module to the power conversion unit, the battery energy storage module, and the hydrogen and ammonia production module. The power conversion unit is used to convert the collected electrical energy so that it can be stably applied to various devices.

[0014] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, the power management and control module includes an intelligent energy management unit, a monitoring sensor unit, and a communication unit; The intelligent energy management unit is connected to the monitoring sensor unit and the communication unit for data control of the system; The monitoring sensor unit includes sensors installed on power acquisition equipment, transmission lines, storage devices, hydrogen and ammonia production equipment, and application equipment, used to monitor system parameters; The communication unit is used to communicate with the power generation module, the power processing module, the battery energy storage module, the hydrogen and ammonia production module, and the cold storage module.

[0015] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of the present invention, the hydrogen and ammonia production module includes a seawater hydrogen production unit, an air nitrogen production unit, and an ammonia production unit; The seawater hydrogen production unit is installed in the lower layer of the ship's hull and is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing seawater using electricity generated from photovoltaic and wind power. The air nitrogen generator unit is installed at the rear end of the seawater hydrogen generator unit and is used to extract nitrogen from the air. The ammonia production unit is data-connected to the seawater hydrogen production unit and the air nitrogen production unit, and is used to produce ammonia gas.

[0016] A second aspect of this invention discloses a floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage method, the method comprising: S1, obtain weather and environmental information; S2, using the power management and control module, the weather and environmental information are processed to obtain the target position information of the ship; S3, process the target position information of the hull to obtain the hull path information; S4, the vessel travels along the vessel path information to a suitable position and moors using the mooring equipment; S5 utilizes the power management and control module to manage and control the power generation module, power processing module, battery energy storage module, hydrogen and ammonia production module, and cold storage module, thereby realizing power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage.

[0017] As an optional implementation, in the second aspect of the present invention, processing the target position information of the hull to obtain the hull path information includes: S31, Obtain the initial position information of the hull; S32, Process the initial position information of the hull and the target position information of the hull to obtain an electronic nautical chart; S33, Process the electronic nautical chart to construct a homogenized square grid model; S34, using geographic information analysis methods, the homogenized square grid model is processed to obtain a set of navigation obstacle elements; the set of navigation obstacle elements includes point-like isolated reefs, linear breakwaters, and area-like shoals; S35, process the set of navigation obstacle elements to obtain the ship path information.

[0018] As an optional implementation, in the second aspect of the present invention, processing the set of navigation obstacle elements to obtain hull path information includes: S351, Initialize the moth population and calculate the fitness of individual moths to obtain the initial fitness matrix. ; The initial fitness matrix The expression is: in, The number of elements in the fitness matrix; S352, update the moth's position and apply boundary constraints to obtain the fitness of the individual moth at the new position; S353, based on the individual moth fitness at the new location, update the optimal flame location and reduce the number of flames; S354: When the preset stopping condition is met, output the optimal flame position with the highest adaptability; when the preset stopping condition is not met, execute S352. S355, the optimal flame position with the highest adaptability and the set of navigation obstacle elements are processed to obtain the hull path information.

[0019] As an optional implementation, in the second aspect of the present invention, processing the optimal flame position with the highest adaptability and the set of navigation obstacle elements to obtain hull path information includes: S3551 uses the initial position information of the hull as the root node. ; S3552, take the optimal flame position with the highest fitness as the random sampling point. ; S3553, Process all nodes in the homogenized square mesh model to obtain the distance to the nodes. The nearest node ; S3554, with As the parent node, along point to Growing in the direction of a step size yields a new point ; S3555, regarding the new point The ship's path information is obtained by processing the set of navigation obstacle elements.

[0020] As an optional implementation, in the second aspect of the present invention, the use of a power management and control module to manage and control the power generation module, power processing module, battery energy storage module, hydrogen and ammonia production module, and cold storage module to achieve power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage includes: S51 generates electrical energy using a power generation module; S52, the electrical energy is converted using the electrical energy processing module to obtain the electrical energy conversion result, and the electrical energy conversion result is sent to the battery energy storage module and the hydrogen and ammonia production module; S53, using the hydrogen and ammonia production module, hydrogen and nitrogen are produced and stored in the refrigerated storage module; S54, control the power generation module, battery energy storage module, hydrogen and ammonia production module and cold storage module to realize power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. Maximize the utilization of wind and solar energy: It can combine weather warnings to move to good power generation locations in advance and avoid major adverse weather such as typhoons and continuous rainy days, greatly increasing the utilization of solar and wind energy and ensuring uninterrupted power generation and energy storage.

[0022] 2. Diversified Power Generation Channels: In deep-sea or near-shore areas, there are two power generation channels: wind power and solar power. During sunny weather, solar power is the primary energy source, with wind power serving as a supplement. On cloudy days, wind power is more abundant than solar power, making it the primary energy source, with solar power as a supplement. In certain special circumstances, energy storage batteries can be used for normal operation. Multiple energy supplies provide diverse security channels, ensuring a stable supply.

[0023] 3. Reasonable storage ratio: Existing technologies rely on either hydrogen production or ammonia production alone. Hydrogen storage is difficult, and the technology for using ammonia as a direct energy source is still immature. The ammonia-to-hydrogen ratio of this invention is technically supported and can be used directly as fuel. This hybrid storage scheme combines the advantages of good hydrogen combustibility and high ammonia storage density, while also avoiding the synthesis, separation, and purification processes.

[0024] 4. Significantly Reduced Costs and Intermediate Steps: This invention adopts a ship-like structure, integrating generation, production, storage, and transportation into a single unit, enabling independent operation without relying on other links, thus improving independence. It can handle the entire energy storage and transportation process, thereby avoiding transportation difficulties and the need for large machinery to move gas storage tanks, and can be used in deep-sea environments. The mixed gas storage method avoids a series of separation and purification equipment, reducing costs.

[0025] 5. Adaptable to deep-sea environments: The equipment and technology in this invention system are specially designed and optimized to adapt to harsh marine environments, such as high humidity, strong salt spray, and large waves, ensuring long-term stable operation of the system.

[0026] 6. High-efficiency energy storage and management: Battery energy storage systems serve as backup and energy reserves, allowing for flexible allocation. Intelligent energy management systems can optimize energy allocation strategies in real time based on energy demand and supply, improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0027] 7. This patent converts wind and solar energy into electrical energy, which is then stored through chemical synthesis and can be used directly as fuel, greatly improving energy storage efficiency and avoiding large-scale wind and solar power curtailment.

[0028] 8. This patent can synthesize ammonia in a specific ratio, which not only promotes the synthesis of ammonia, but also avoids a large amount of separation and purification equipment. The mixed gas can also be used directly as fuel, simplifying the cumbersome process of single storage medium and reducing production costs.

[0029] 9. This patent is based on offshore wind power and photovoltaics. It builds a synthesis device to prepare green electricity into ammonia and hydrogen through chemical synthesis and store them for direct use as energy. The synthesized energy can be transported back to the mainland independently through its own equipment or transported by a special transport ship, thereby improving the energy utilization rate. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen-producing and ammonia-producing ship disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen and ammonia production process disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, apparatus, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0034] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0035] This invention discloses a floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system and method. The system includes a power generation module, an energy processing module, a battery energy storage module, an energy management and control module, a hydrogen-ammonia production module, a cold storage module, and mooring equipment. The power generation module is data-connected to the energy processing module for power generation. The energy processing module is data-connected to the battery energy storage module and the hydrogen-ammonia production module for energy processing and conversion. The battery energy storage module stores electrical energy. The energy management and control module is data-connected to the hydrogen-ammonia production module for monitoring and controlling the electrical energy. The hydrogen-ammonia production module is data-connected to the energy processing module, the energy management and control module, and the cold storage module for producing hydrogen and ammonia. The cold storage module stores hydrogen and ammonia. The power generation module, energy processing module, battery energy storage module, energy management and control module, hydrogen-ammonia production module, and cold storage module are integrated and installed in the hull. Detailed descriptions follow.

[0036] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 The described floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system is applied in the field of floating offshore power generation technology, and the embodiments of this invention are not limited thereto. Figure 1 As shown, the floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system includes a power generation module, an energy processing module, a battery energy storage module, an energy management and control module, a hydrogen-ammonia production module, a cold storage module, and mooring equipment. The power generation module is data-connected to the power processing module and is used for power generation; The power processing module is data-connected to the battery energy storage module and the hydrogen and ammonia production module, and is used for power processing and conversion. The battery energy storage module is data-connected to the power management and control module and is used to store electrical energy; The power management and control module is connected to the hydrogen and ammonia production module for monitoring and controlling power. The hydrogen and ammonia production module is data-connected to the power processing module, the power management and control module, and the cold storage module, and is used to produce hydrogen and ammonia. The refrigerated storage module is used to store hydrogen and ammonia. The power generation module, the power processing module, the battery energy storage module, the power management and control module, the hydrogen and ammonia production module, and the refrigeration storage module are integrated and installed in the hull. The vessel is equipped with mooring facilities for use when it travels to a designated area for mooring operations.

[0037] Optionally, the power generation module includes a wind power generation unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit; The wind power generation unit is used to utilize the abundant wind resources at sea. Wind power generation equipment is set up on both sides of the hull to capture the kinetic energy of the sea breeze, convert it into mechanical energy, and then convert it into electrical energy through a generator. The photovoltaic power generation unit is used to utilize marine solar resources to convert solar energy into direct current.

[0038] Optionally, the power processing module includes a cable and a power conversion unit; The cable is connected to the power generation module for transmitting the electrical energy generated by the power generation module to the power conversion unit, the battery energy storage module, and the hydrogen and ammonia production module. The power conversion unit is used to convert the collected electrical energy so that it can be stably applied to various devices.

[0039] Optionally, the power management and control module includes an intelligent energy management unit, a monitoring sensor unit, and a communication unit; The intelligent energy management unit is connected to the monitoring sensor unit and the communication unit for data control of the system; The monitoring sensor unit includes sensors installed on power acquisition equipment, transmission lines, storage devices, hydrogen and ammonia production equipment, and application equipment, used to monitor system parameters; The communication unit is used to communicate with the power generation module, the power processing module, the battery energy storage module, the hydrogen and ammonia production module, and the cold storage module.

[0040] Optionally, the hydrogen and ammonia production module includes a seawater hydrogen production unit, an air nitrogen production unit, and an ammonia production unit; The seawater hydrogen production unit is installed in the lower layer of the ship's hull and is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing seawater using electricity generated from photovoltaic and wind power. The air nitrogen generator unit is installed at the rear end of the seawater hydrogen generator unit and is used to extract nitrogen from the air. The ammonia production unit is data-connected to the seawater hydrogen production unit and the air nitrogen production unit, and is used to produce ammonia gas.

[0041] Example 2 Please see Figure 2 Figure 2 This invention discloses a schematic flowchart of a floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage method. Figure 2 The described floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage method belongs to the field of floating offshore power generation technology, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Figure 2 The floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage method includes: S1, obtain weather and environmental information; Through the monitoring sensors supporting the electric energy management and control module, meteorological parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, wave height, sunshine intensity, precipitation, and extreme weather warnings in the target sea area are collected in real time, and medium- and long-term sea area meteorological forecast data is obtained synchronously. High-quality sea area meteorological indicators suitable for wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are screened out, and bad weather areas such as typhoons and large waves are avoided.

[0042] Through underwater sensors and channel radars, environmental data such as water depth, underwater terrain, water salinity, navigation status, and obstacle distribution in the target sea area are collected, and maritime information such as berth occupancy status, no-go areas, and shoal distribution is obtained synchronously. Dangerous waters that cannot be berthed and are not suitable for power generation operations are excluded.

[0043] The collected original meteorological and environmental data is subjected to filtering, noise reduction, and outlier removal processing, and standardized processing is completed using a data normalization formula to eliminate the dimension difference, facilitating subsequent module analysis and operation. After processing, a standardized environmental data set is formed and transmitted to the electric energy management and control module.

[0044] S2. Using the electric energy management and control module, process the weather information and environmental information to obtain the hull target position information; The electric energy management and control module receives the weather information and environmental information, and synchronously retrieves the hull's own state parameters, including draft depth, remaining energy storage capacity, equipment operating conditions, and load status. Combining with the preset berthing safety threshold, optimal power generation environmental conditions, and requirements for hydrogen and ammonia production operations, multi-dimensional comprehensive analysis is carried out.

[0045] Based on the research and judgment results, candidate berthing areas meeting the conditions are screened from the target sea area. The core screening conditions include that the water depth adapts to the hull's draft requirements, the wave height and wind speed are within the safety threshold, there are no navigation obstacles, there are no no-go restrictions, and the light and wind resources are sufficient, which are suitable for long-term and stable power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage operations.

[0046] Based on a dual-objective optimization model of safety first, maximizing power generation efficiency, and minimizing navigation energy consumption, construct a target position objective function: , where: is the navigation energy consumption target, is the comprehensive efficiency target of power generation and ammonia production, , are weight coefficients and satisfy ; Through model operation, lock the optimal berthing point from the candidate areas, and output the hull target position information including longitude and latitude coordinates, berthing course, and hull attitude, ensuring that this position combines navigation safety and high energy operation efficiency. Synchronously send the hull target position information to the hull navigation control system to complete the instruction record, providing the core basis for subsequent path planning.

[0047] S3, process the target position information of the hull to obtain the hull path information; S4, the vessel travels along the vessel path information to a suitable position and moors using the mooring equipment; S5 utilizes the power management and control module to manage and control the power generation module, power processing module, battery energy storage module, hydrogen and ammonia production module, and cold storage module, thereby realizing power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage.

[0048] Optionally, processing the target position information of the hull to obtain the hull path information includes: S31, Obtain the initial position information of the hull; Using the GPS / BeiDou positioning system, the ship's current real-time coordinates, heading, speed and other initial state data are accurately collected to pinpoint the starting point of navigation. S32, Process the initial position information of the hull and the target position information of the hull to obtain an electronic nautical chart; By combining the initial position information of the hull with the target position information of the hull output by S2, the corresponding electronic nautical chart of the sea area is retrieved, the chart calibration and coordinate matching are completed, and a complete navigation electronic nautical chart is constructed. S33, Process the electronic nautical chart to construct a homogenized square grid model; The electronic nautical chart is processed into a grid to construct a homogeneous square grid model. The navigation area is divided into regular grid units, and the coordinates, water depth, and obstacle attributes of each unit are labeled to provide a basic model for path planning.

[0049] S34, using geographic information analysis methods, the homogenized square grid model is processed to obtain a set of navigation obstacle elements; the set of navigation obstacle elements includes point-like isolated reefs, linear breakwaters, and area-like shoals; S35, process the set of navigation obstacle elements to obtain the ship path information.

[0050] Optionally, processing the set of navigation obstacle elements to obtain ship path information includes: S351, Initialize the moth population and calculate the fitness of individual moths to obtain the initial fitness matrix. ; The initial fitness matrix The expression is: in, The number of elements in the fitness matrix represents the moth population size. Let be the initial fitness of the Nth moth. Construct a navigation constraint space in the sea area and initialize the maximum number of iterations for the moth population. Maximum number of flames Import the safe navigation radius of the ship. Maximum steering angle Constraints such as minimum speed are considered. A four-dimensional multi-objective fitness function is constructed that takes into account path length, navigation energy consumption, obstacle avoidance safety, and path smoothness, with an obstacle distance penalty term added simultaneously. The fitness function formula is as follows: In the formula: This is a comprehensive fitness value; the smaller the value, the better the path. This represents the total path length. Estimate navigation energy consumption for the route; The minimum safe distance between the ship's hull and an obstacle; For path curvature penalty term, Penalty for disturbance by wind and waves. , , , , For normalized weight coefficients, satisfying .

[0051] Calculate the initial fitness of individual moths and generate an initial fitness matrix. Complete the initial population assignment.

[0052] S352, update the moth's position and apply boundary constraints to obtain the fitness of the individual moth at the new position; Introducing an adaptive inertia weight formula to balance the algorithm's global search and local optimization capabilities, the weight formula is as follows: In the formula: The weight for the current iteration; The initial weight is set to 0.9. The iteration termination weight is set to 0.4. This represents the current iteration number. This represents the maximum number of iterations.

[0053] The step size is dynamically adjusted based on the density of obstacles, balancing obstacle avoidance accuracy and convergence speed. The formula is: In the formula, This is the current iteration step size; , These are the minimum and maximum safe step size thresholds, respectively. Current fitness; , This represents the extreme value of fitness throughout history.

[0054] The formula for updating the moth's position is: In the formula, For the first The moth's current location; For the first The current position of the flame; A random number in the interval [-1, 1] For wind and wave adaptive coefficients; S353, based on the individual moth fitness at the new location, update the optimal flame location and reduce the number of flames; In the formula: The current flame position in the iteration; This is a reduction factor, with a value of 0.3; This is the rounding function. An elite flame retention mechanism is introduced, storing the optimal flame positions from previous iterations in an elite database to prevent the algorithm from losing the global optimal solution and improve convergence stability. The maximum number of flames at the beginning of the iteration is , which is a preset algorithm hyperparameter, and its value ranges from 50% to 80% of the moth population.

[0055] S354: When the preset stopping condition is met, output the optimal flame position with the highest adaptability; when the preset stopping condition is not met, execute S352. To prevent premature convergence or invalid iterations, a dual termination condition is set up. The condition is as follows: The maximum number of iterations is reached, i.e. ; Optimal fitness value continuous The generation has no fluctuations and changes, satisfying the requirement. ,in The minimum threshold value is [value to be filled in]. , The value is between 20 and 30. is the global optimal fitness value of the population at the t-th iteration; the smaller the value, the better the path. If any condition is met, immediately output the optimal flame position with the highest fitness; otherwise, return to S352 to continue iteration.

[0056] S355, the optimal flame position with the highest adaptability and the set of navigation obstacle elements are processed to obtain the hull path information.

[0057] Optionally, the process of processing the optimal flame location with the highest fitness and the set of navigation obstacle elements to obtain the ship path information includes: S3551 uses the initial position information of the hull as the root node. ; Based on the root node Complete the locking of the path growth starting point and simultaneously bind the initial environmental parameters of wind, waves and current at the root node to provide initial boundary conditions for subsequent potential field calculations; S3552, take the optimal flame position with the highest fitness as the random sampling point. ; The optimal flame position with the highest fitness is taken as the global optimal flame position, and its coordinate orientation is set as a random sampling point. .

[0058] S3553, Process all nodes in the homogenized square mesh model to obtain the distance to the nodes. The nearest node ; Based on a homogeneous square mesh model, Euclidean distance calculations are performed on all valid mesh nodes within the model to filter out distance points. The most recent valid node is marked as the most recent node. The retrieval process simultaneously removes invalid nodes located in obstacle zones, no-navigation zones, and shoal zones to ensure that the nearest neighbor node has navigational safety.

[0059] S3554, with As the parent node, along point to Growing in the direction of a step size yields a new point ; With nodes As the parent node, along Point of view In the straight direction, according to the step size New path nodes are obtained by unidirectional extension growth. Node growth formula: In the formula, It performs Euclidean distance calculations between two points, ensuring no deviation in the growth direction, and dynamically adapts the step size to the density of obstacles.

[0060] S3555, regarding the new point The method for processing the set of navigation obstacle elements to obtain the ship's path information adopts the dynamic hybrid potential field method: 1. The artificial potential field (APF) method was used to calculate the results. The potential energy of the obstacle.

[0061] 2. Taking into account both the obtained density and the obstacle's potential energy If the repulsive force of an obstacle is contributed by multiple obstacles, the weight of the potential energy parameter is adaptively reduced, and the dynamic step size is calculated. .

[0062] 3. Calculate step size decay, calculate... With the target point The distance between them is such that if the distance is close, the dynamic step size is reduced according to the distance; the closer the distance, the smaller the step size.

[0063] The total potential field is formed by the target gravitational potential field. Obstacle repulsive potential field Dynamic wind and wave disturbance potential field Composed of three parts, the total potential field formula: Corresponding resultant force formula: In the formula, For Hamiltonian operators, The gravitational force exerted by the target point on the ship's hull. The repulsive force of the obstacle on the hull. For wind and wave disturbance compensation force X Let be the coordinate vector of any path node, representing the current calculation position; Gravitational potential field formula: Gravitational formula: In the formula: As an adaptive gravity coefficient, the coefficient increases with distance from the target and gradually decreases as the distance approaches the target.

[0064] Formula for repulsive potential field: Repulsion formula: In the formula, The repulsion coefficient is... The minimum distance between the new node and the obstacle. The distance is the safety threshold distance for obstacles.

[0065] A dynamic potential field specific to the ocean counteracts the effects of wind, waves, and currents on the ship's hull displacement. Formula: In the formula, The disturbance coefficient is... For real-time current flow rate, The distance affected by the disturbance.

[0066] (1) When the repulsive potential energy is small, the direction of the repulsive potential field along the tangent of the obstacle is adopted.

[0067] (2) When the repulsive potential energy is large, the direction along the original repulsive potential field is changed to... By backsliding to a small step size and adding a small range of random directional perturbations, we can avoid getting trapped in local optima. (3) When the repulsive potential energy is at its maximum, along the original repulsive potential field direction, A larger step size is used to back off, and a small-scale random directional perturbation is added to ensure safety and avoid getting stuck. Simultaneously, when the potential field of the combined obstacle is synthesized from the contributions of multiple obstacles, i.e. When affected by the repulsive forces of multiple obstacles, the algorithm dynamically increases the threshold for judging the repulsive potential energy to avoid situations where the distance to the obstacles is far but the combined repulsive force of the obstacles is large, making it difficult for the algorithm to avoid obstacles and for the path to grow.

[0068] An adaptive obstacle repulsion force combined with a dynamic step size strategy based on regional obstacle density is introduced to dynamically increase the step size in open environments to accelerate the algorithm search, and dynamically decrease the step size in complex scenarios to improve the ability to bypass obstacles.

[0069] Calculate density: Determine whether the obstacle is a sphere or a cube. If the obstacle is a sphere, further determine the positional relationship between the obstacle and the detection sphere. If the obstacle is completely within the detection sphere, the volume of the obstacle is the volume of the obstacle sphere. If the obstacle intersects with the detection sphere, calculate the volume of the obstacle using formula (1).

[0070] (1) in, To detect the radius of the sphere, Let the radius of the spherical obstacle be _____. The distance between the centers of the two balls. It represents the product.

[0071] If the obstacle is a cube, further determine the positional relationship between the obstacle and the detection sphere. If the obstacle is completely within the detection sphere, then the volume of the obstacle is the volume of the obstacle cube.

[0072] If the obstacle intersects with the detection sphere, the volume of the obstacle is calculated using formula (2).

[0073] (2) Where V is the volume of the obstacle. Let the volume of the cube obstacle be... To determine the number of sampling points within the probe sphere, This represents the total number of samples.

[0074] Optionally, the power management and control module manages and controls the power generation module, power processing module, battery energy storage module, hydrogen and ammonia production module, and cold storage module to achieve power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage, including: S51 generates electrical energy using a power generation module; The power generation module is activated to produce electrical energy. The maximum power output is achieved using the MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) algorithm, combined with meteorological data collected by S1. The formula is: Wind power formula: Photovoltaic power generation formula: In the formula: This represents the real-time output power of the wind power (kW). air density ( ); The swept area of ​​the wind turbine ( ); Real-time wind speed (m / s); The wind energy utilization coefficient is the ratio of the blade tip speed to the blade tip speed. Pitch angle Related; Real-time output power of photovoltaic (kW); For photovoltaic module conversion efficiency; Real-time solar irradiance ( ); Temperature coefficient (% / ℃); This represents the difference (°C) between the actual temperature and the standard temperature of the photovoltaic module.

[0075] S52, the electrical energy is converted using the electrical energy processing module to obtain the electrical energy conversion result, and the electrical energy conversion result is sent to the battery energy storage module and the hydrogen and ammonia production module; The unstable DC power output from the power generation module is rectified, inverted, stabilized, and harmonic-controlled to convert it into standard electrical energy suitable for energy storage and energy generation. The conversion efficiency formula is as follows: Formula for overall efficiency of electrical energy processing: In the formula: The overall efficiency of power processing; Rectification efficiency (typically 0.95~0.98); Inverter efficiency (typically 0.96~0.99); For voltage regulation efficiency (typically 0.97~0.99); The line transmission loss rate is typically 0.01~0.03. The standard electrical energy obtained after conversion is divided into two paths: one path is sent to the battery energy storage module, and the other path is directed to the hydrogen and ammonia production modules. The energy distribution formula is as follows: ,in To process the total electrical energy, Input electrical energy into the energy storage module. Input electrical energy into the hydrogen and ammonia production modules. This is to account for the electrical energy lost during the distribution process.

[0076] S53, using the hydrogen and ammonia production module, hydrogen and nitrogen are produced and stored in the refrigerated storage module; S54, control the power generation module, battery energy storage module, hydrogen and ammonia production module and cold storage module to realize power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage.

[0077] The power management and control module enables coordinated management of all modules, monitors the operating status of each module in real time, dynamically adjusts operating parameters, and ensures stable and efficient system operation. The formula is: In the formula: This represents the total energy consumption of the system. This refers to the energy consumption of the power generation module itself. Energy consumption for charging and discharging the energy storage module; Energy consumption for hydrogen and ammonia production modules; Energy consumption for refrigeration of the cold storage module.

[0078] Optionally, the control and management of the power generation module, battery energy storage module, hydrogen and ammonia production module, and cold storage module to achieve power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage includes: S541, the power generation module, battery energy storage module, hydrogen and ammonia production module and cold storage module are controlled to obtain a cost model for floating offshore power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage. Based on the operating parameters of each module, energy consumption data, and equipment depreciation, a full-process cost model is constructed, with the core formula as follows: In the formula: Total storage cost (yuan); The operating cost of the power generation module (including fuel replenishment and maintenance); Cost of energy storage module (including battery loss and charging / discharging loss); Cost of hydrogen and ammonia production modules (including seawater treatment and catalyst consumption); The cost of refrigeration for cold storage modules; Equipment depreciation costs; This refers to the overall system operation and maintenance costs.

[0079] S542, Process the floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage cost model to obtain the global optimal energy management constraints; The cost model is optimized using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, with constraints including power constraints, energy storage capacity constraints, and energy production / storage rate constraints. The optimization formula and constraints are as follows: Optimization goal: Constraints: In the formula: , The minimum and maximum output power of the power generation module; Let t be the power generation at time t; , These represent the minimum and maximum energy storage capacities of the energy storage module. Let t be the energy storage capacity; , Minimum and maximum rates for hydrogen and ammonia production; Let t be the storage rate at time t; , The minimum and maximum allowable temperatures for the refrigeration storage module; Let t be the refrigerated storage temperature at time t; after optimization, output the globally optimal energy management constraints.

[0080] S543 processes the global optimal energy management constraints to achieve power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage.

[0081] Example 3 This embodiment of a floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system includes: (1) Power generation module Wind power generation: Utilizing abundant offshore wind resources, wind power generation equipment is installed on both sides of the ship's hull. The blades capture the kinetic energy of the sea breeze, converting it into mechanical energy, which is then converted into electrical energy by a generator. Wind power generation has advantages such as high power generation efficiency and mature technology, but it is affected by wind strength and stability.

[0082] Photovoltaic power generation: Taking advantage of the abundant and unobstructed solar resources at sea, photovoltaic panels are installed on the upper surfaces of large equipment, including ship decks, the tops of gas storage tanks, and the tops of equipment compartments. Under sufficient sunlight, this converts solar energy into direct current (DC). Solar power generation has the advantages of being clean and renewable, but it is greatly affected by the duration of sunshine and weather conditions, and its power generation intervals are relatively long.

[0083] (2) Power processing module Cables: These transmit electricity generated from wind and solar power to various modules within power conversion equipment, battery storage modules, and hydrogen and ammonia production modules. Cables used in marine environments require higher corrosion resistance and insulation.

[0084] Power conversion equipment: This equipment converts the collected electrical energy into stable power for use in various devices. For example, the direct current (DC) generated by photovoltaic power generation needs to be converted into alternating current (AC) by an inverter, and the voltage is adjusted to the voltage and current range used by various devices, or the voltage and current are adjusted and stored in a battery storage system.

[0085] (3) Battery energy storage module Battery energy storage systems store excess electricity generated from photovoltaic and wind power for production and daily life. They serve two main purposes: firstly, as backup emergency energy to ensure equipment operation and safety in the event of other energy source failures; and secondly, as a peak-shaving and valley-filling energy reservoir, storing excess electricity to supplement energy sources and ensure continuous equipment operation when power generation is insufficient.

[0086] (4) Power management and control system The intelligent energy management system is the core of the entire power supply security system, responsible for comprehensive monitoring and control of power acquisition, transmission, storage, and application. By analyzing power data in real time, it optimizes power allocation strategies to ensure efficient power utilization and stable system operation.

[0087] Monitoring sensors: installed on power collection equipment, transmission lines, storage devices, hydrogen and ammonia production equipment, and application equipment to monitor in real time the production, transmission, and use of power, such as parameters like voltage, current, power, and temperature; and the production and storage of hydrogen and ammonia, such as temperature, pressure, and content.

[0088] Communication module: Enables data communication between the power management system and various devices, as well as connection to the remote monitoring center. Wireless communication technologies such as satellite communication and 5G communication can be used to ensure real-time data transmission and remote control.

[0089] (5) Hydrogen and ammonia production module Direct seawater hydrogen production: Installed on the lower deck of the ship, it utilizes a continuous supply of seawater entering from the front. The seawater first passes through a filtration system to remove impurities such as microorganisms and algae. Then, using electricity generated from photovoltaic and wind power, the seawater is electrolyzed to produce hydrogen. The resulting hydrogen enters the next process, while the oxygen produced is released back into the atmosphere. This reaction, converting electrical energy into chemical energy, is a crucial step in the entire hydrogen and ammonia production process, ensuring stable energy storage and operation.

[0090] Air nitrogen generator module: Installed at the back end of the seawater hydrogen production process, it extracts nitrogen from the air and stores it for later use. This step is a preparatory step for ammonia production. This step also consumes electricity generated by photovoltaic and wind power.

[0091] Ammonia production module: The ammonia synthesis process is based on the Haber-Bosch process, the principle of which is nitrogen ( ) and hydrogen ( Under conditions of high temperature, high pressure, and the presence of a catalyst, a reaction occurs to produce ammonia gas. The chemical equation is: (Exothermic reaction), to ensure The complete reaction, in which excess, and The ratio of nitrogen to hydrogen is 19:5 to ensure a specific ammonia-to-hydrogen ratio of 5:4 (nitrogen comes from an air-to-ammonia module in the upper equipment compartment of the ship). The reaction temperature is set between 400±30℃, the catalyst is an iron catalyst, and the reaction pressure is controlled at 15 MPa to generate a specific ammonia-hydrogen mixture. This is the core of the mixed gas preparation process. Through a specific reaction ratio, the required gas concentration is obtained, and the proportion of the mixed gas is controlled in real time by built-in sensors, avoiding the need for purification after ammonia production. This ensures that the green electricity is ultimately converted into chemical products for storage.

[0092] (6) Refrigerated storage module Data monitoring system: Real-time monitoring of information such as temperature, pressure, and mixing ratio of the gas in the mixing storage tank, so that it can be used directly as fuel, is a powerful guarantee for the safety and stability of the entire system.

[0093] Hybrid storage tanks: These are either semi-cooled / semi-pressurized tanks (design temperature -40℃, design pressure 1MPa) or fully refrigerated tanks (design temperature -50℃). Gas tanks are pressure tanks. They occupy the largest space in the upper half of the ship. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen-producing and ammonia-producing ship disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen and ammonia production process disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0094] Operational Process: The vessel is moored at a suitable location using mooring equipment. Seawater enters the seawater filtration chamber through an inlet located beneath the vessel, allowing it to naturally flow into the hull using water pressure. The filtration chamber filters out organisms and impurities from the seawater, producing clean seawater. The filtered seawater then enters the electrolysis hydrogen production module, which directly produces hydrogen from seawater (this technology is maturing, originating from the world's first offshore wind power in-situ direct electrolysis hydrogen production technology without desalination, jointly developed by Dongfang Electric Corporation, Shenzhen University, and Academician Xie Heping's team at Sichuan University. It employs a direct seawater electrolysis hydrogen production route, with key technologies including suppressing the chloride ion electrochemical oxidation reaction (CIOR), establishing an independent oxygen generator reactor separated from the electrolysis cell, and utilizing ferricyanide / ferrocyanide as electron mediators to promote the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), avoiding the generation of chloride-containing byproducts). The oxygen obtained from electrolysis is released into the air, while the hydrogen is collected and transported to the ammonia production module. Since the ammonia synthesis process is based on the Haber-Bosch process, its principle is nitrogen (… ) and hydrogen ( Under conditions of high temperature, high pressure, and the presence of a catalyst, a reaction occurs to produce ammonia gas. The chemical equation is: (Exothermic reaction), to ensure The complete reaction, in which excess, and The ratio is 19:5 to ensure a nitrogen-to-hydrogen ratio of 5:4 (nitrogen comes from the air-to-ammonia module in the upper equipment compartment of the ship). The reaction temperature is set between 400±30℃, the catalyst is an iron catalyst, and the reaction pressure is controlled at 15 MPa. The resulting ammonia-hydrogen mixture is liquefied through a cooling and compression device and stored in tanks and storage containers (although ammonia is easily liquefied while hydrogen is not, this still increases the storage capacity of hydrogen and ammonia in the ship's hold). This gas ratio is chosen because it can be directly transported to land for use, reducing the need for additional equipment on board. The combustion characteristics at this ratio are similar to those of natural gas. The storage containers are pressure tanks. The air-to-nitrogen, seawater filtration, electrolytic hydrogen production, ammonia production, and liquefaction modules all contain pressurization devices to promote the flow of gas or liquid. The pressure and sealing within the storage containers and tanks are critical technical requirements. This invention integrates power generation, preparation, storage, and transportation, and can produce industrial products hydrogen and ammonia from the electricity obtained by wind power generation. In particular, the mobile, direct seawater hydrogen production and mixed gas storage method enables all-weather, high-efficiency green hydrogen and green ammonia production in high-quality sea areas.

[0095] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0096] Through the detailed description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, including read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), one-time programmable read-only memory (OTPROM), electrically-erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, disk storage, magnetic tape storage, or any other computer-readable medium that can be used to carry or store data.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system and method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system, characterized in that, The system includes a power generation module, an energy processing module, a battery energy storage module, an energy management and control module, a hydrogen and ammonia production module, a cold storage module, and mooring equipment; The power generation module is data-connected to the power processing module and is used for power generation; The power processing module is data-connected to the battery energy storage module and the hydrogen and ammonia production module, and is used for power processing and conversion. The battery energy storage module is data-connected to the power management and control module and is used to store electrical energy; The power management and control module is connected to the hydrogen and ammonia production module for monitoring and controlling power. The hydrogen and ammonia production module is data-connected to the power processing module, the power management and control module, and the cold storage module, and is used to produce hydrogen and ammonia. The refrigerated storage module is used to store hydrogen and ammonia. The power generation module, the power processing module, the battery energy storage module, the power management and control module, the hydrogen and ammonia production module, and the refrigeration storage module are integrated and installed in the hull. The vessel is equipped with mooring facilities for use when it travels to a designated area for mooring operations.

2. The floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power generation module includes a wind power generation unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit; The wind power generation unit is used to utilize the abundant wind resources at sea. Wind power generation equipment is set up on both sides of the hull to capture the kinetic energy of the sea breeze, convert it into mechanical energy, and then convert it into electrical energy through a generator. The photovoltaic power generation unit is used to utilize marine solar resources to convert solar energy into direct current.

3. The floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power processing module includes cables and a power conversion unit; The cable is connected to the power generation module for transmitting the electrical energy generated by the power generation module to the power conversion unit, the battery energy storage module, and the hydrogen and ammonia production module. The power conversion unit is used to convert the collected electrical energy so that it can be stably applied to various devices.

4. The floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management and control module includes an intelligent energy management unit, a monitoring sensor unit, and a communication unit; The intelligent energy management unit is connected to the monitoring sensor unit and the communication unit for data control of the system; The monitoring sensor unit includes sensors installed on power acquisition equipment, transmission lines, storage devices, hydrogen and ammonia production equipment, and application equipment, used to monitor system parameters; The communication unit is used to communicate with the power generation module, the power processing module, the battery energy storage module, the hydrogen and ammonia production module, and the cold storage module.

5. The floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen and ammonia production module includes a seawater hydrogen production unit, an air nitrogen production unit, and an ammonia production unit. The seawater hydrogen production unit is installed in the lower layer of the ship's hull and is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing seawater using electricity generated from photovoltaic and wind power. The air nitrogen generator unit is installed at the rear end of the seawater hydrogen generator unit and is used to extract nitrogen from the air. The ammonia production unit is data-connected to the seawater hydrogen production unit and the air nitrogen production unit, and is used to produce ammonia gas.

6. A floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage method, applied to the floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method includes: S1, obtain weather and environmental information; S2, using the power management and control module, the weather and environmental information are processed to obtain the target position information of the ship; S3, process the target position information of the hull to obtain the hull path information; S4, the vessel travels along the vessel path information to a suitable position and moors using the mooring equipment; S5 utilizes the power management and control module to manage and control the power generation module, power processing module, battery energy storage module, hydrogen and ammonia production module, and cold storage module, thereby realizing power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage.

7. The floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of processing the target position information of the hull to obtain the hull path information includes: S31, Obtain the initial position information of the hull; S32, Process the initial position information of the hull and the target position information of the hull to obtain an electronic nautical chart; S33, Process the electronic nautical chart to construct a homogenized square grid model; S34, using geographic information analysis methods, the homogenized square grid model is processed to obtain a set of navigation obstacle elements; the set of navigation obstacle elements includes point-like isolated reefs, linear breakwaters, and area-like shoals; S35, process the set of navigation obstacle elements to obtain the ship path information.

8. The floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The process of processing the set of navigation obstacle elements to obtain ship path information includes: S351, initialize the moth population and calculate the fitness of individual moths to obtain the multi-objective fitness function; Initial fitness matrix ; The initial fitness matrix The expression is: in, The number of elements in the fitness matrix; S352, update the moth's position and apply boundary constraints to obtain the fitness of the individual moth at the new position; S353, based on the individual moth fitness at the new location, update the optimal flame location and reduce the number of flames; S354: When the preset stopping condition is met, output the optimal flame position with the highest adaptability; when the preset stopping condition is not met, execute S352. S355, the optimal flame position with the highest adaptability and the set of navigation obstacle elements are processed to obtain the hull path information.

9. The floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The process of processing the optimal flame location with the highest adaptability and the set of navigation obstacle elements yields the ship's path information, including: S3551 uses the initial position information of the hull as the root node. ; S3552, take the optimal flame position with the highest fitness as the random sampling point. ; S3553, Process all nodes in the homogenized square mesh model to obtain the distance to the nodes. The nearest node ; S3554, with As the parent node, along point to Growing in the direction of a step size yields a new point. ; S3555, regarding the new point The ship's path information is obtained by processing the set of navigation obstacle elements.

10. The floating offshore power generation and hydrogen-ammonia production and storage method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power management and control module manages and controls the power generation module, power processing module, battery energy storage module, hydrogen and ammonia production module, and cold storage module to achieve power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage, including: S51 generates electrical energy using a power generation module; S52, the electrical energy is converted using the electrical energy processing module to obtain the electrical energy conversion result, and the electrical energy conversion result is sent to the battery energy storage module and the hydrogen and ammonia production module; S53, using the hydrogen and ammonia production module, hydrogen and nitrogen are produced and stored in the refrigerated storage module; S54, control the power generation module, battery energy storage module, hydrogen and ammonia production module and cold storage module to realize power generation and hydrogen and ammonia production and storage.

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