Power supply device, power supply method, power distribution system, and network device

Abstract

The application provides a power supply device, a power supply method, a power distribution system and a network device. The power supply device comprises an output bus, a bidirectional power converter, an energy storage device and a switching power supply. The output bus comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end. The switching power supply is configured to convert alternating current from a power grid into direct current and input the direct current into the first input end to provide first power to the output bus. In a case where required demand power at the output end is greater than the first power, the bidirectional power converter is configured to input electrical energy stored in the energy storage device into the second input end to provide compensation power to the output bus to meet power demand of a load. The power supply device provided by the application can provide compensation power and suppress power fluctuation at the power grid side of the power supply device, thereby achieving smooth and stable output of power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power electronics, and more particularly to a power supply device, power supply method, power distribution system, and network device. Background Technology

[0002] Power distribution systems typically integrate switching power supplies between the power grid and the load. These supplies convert the AC or DC voltage from the grid to the required AC or DC voltage for the load and distribute it to meet its operational needs. The actual power output of the load during operation often fluctuates dynamically. For example, when power switching occurs on the load side, the current demand may surge or plummet. When this sudden change in current demand is fed back to the grid, it causes power fluctuations on the grid side. In other words, load-side power fluctuations can lead to fluctuations in the input power of the switching power supply. These fluctuating power outputs not only degrade power quality but also reduce the performance and lifespan of power supply and distribution facilities.

[0003] To avoid damage to power distribution facilities due to overload caused by power fluctuations, existing technologies typically distribute power according to peak power levels to suppress fluctuations. However, this method of distributing power according to peak power levels results in derating, which wastes power distribution infrastructure and capacity, failing to maximize energy utilization. Alternatively, existing technologies use redundant switching power supplies for power buffering. However, over-distributing switching power supplies by several times requires deploying excessive input cables within the power supply cabinet, increasing the internal structural complexity of the power supply equipment and raising the manufacturing cost and difficulty of the switching power supply. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a power supply device, a power supply method, a power distribution system, and a network device. The power supply device of this application, through targeted optimization of the arrangement of functional components within the device, can provide compensating power to the output bus when there are power fluctuations on the load side, thereby meeting the power demand on the load side and achieving the effect of smoothing the power input of the power supply device to the grid side and suppressing power fluctuations on the grid side. Specifically, this application includes the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a power supply device, including an output bus, a bidirectional power converter, an energy storage device, and at least one switching power supply. The output bus includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The first input terminal is coupled to at least one switching power supply, the second input terminal is coupled to the bidirectional power converter, and the output terminal is coupled to a load. The at least one switching power supply is used to convert AC power from the power grid into DC power and input it to the first input terminal to provide a first power to the output bus. When the required power at the output terminal is greater than the first power, the bidirectional power converter is used to input the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device to the second input terminal to provide compensating power to the output bus to meet the power demand of the load.

[0006] The output bus of the power supply equipment in this application is coupled between the switching power supply and the load, used to deliver the DC voltage output by the switching power supply to the load to meet the normal operating requirements of the load. An energy storage device is coupled to the output bus via a bidirectional power converter, enabling bidirectional power transfer between the output bus and the energy storage device. The output terminal of the output bus is coupled to the load; the power demand at the output terminal can be understood as the power demand of the load during power switching, i.e., the power demand at the output terminal of the output bus can be understood as the load's power demand. Furthermore, when the power demanded by the load exceeds the initial power provided by the switching power supply, the energy storage device can provide compensating power to the output bus via the bidirectional power converter, thereby achieving stable power input to the power supply equipment on the grid side. This avoids power fluctuations at the input side of the power supply equipment that could lead to overload of the power distribution facilities, thus protecting the internal functional structures and devices of the power supply equipment.

[0007] In one implementation, when the required power at the output is less than the first power, the bidirectional power converter is used to input the electrical energy at the second input to the energy storage device for storage.

[0008] In this implementation, when the power required by the load is less than the first power provided by the switching power supply, the bidirectional power converter can send the excess power provided by the switching power supply to the energy storage device for storage, so that the energy storage device always maintains sufficient electrical energy to provide compensation power in subsequent operation.

[0009] In one implementation, the energy storage device includes at least one of a capacitor and a battery.

[0010] In one implementation, the bidirectional power converter can be, but is not limited to, any one of a transformer module or a bidirectional boost-buck circuit.

[0011] In one implementation, the transformer module includes at least one of an LLC resonant circuit and a dual active bridge DC-DC converter (DAB).

[0012] In one implementation, the power supply equipment may further include a controller electrically connected to the bidirectional power converter and at least one switching power supply, respectively, to control the sum of the compensation power provided by the bidirectional power converter and the first power provided by the at least one switching power supply to be equal to the required power at the output.

[0013] In one implementation, one end of the bidirectional power converter is coupled to an energy storage device, and the other end of the bidirectional power converter is coupled to a second input terminal. The ratio between the voltage value at the other end of the bidirectional power converter and the voltage value at one end of the bidirectional power converter remains fixed.

[0014] In this implementation, the ratio between the voltage at one end of the bidirectional power converter and the voltage at the other end remains constant, effectively creating a communication link between the energy storage device and the output bus. Furthermore, by maintaining a fixed ratio between the voltage at one end and the other end of the bidirectional power converter, the converter adaptively adjusts the compensation power supplied to the output bus by the energy storage device based on load power fluctuations. The bidirectional power converter operates in an open-loop state without requiring joint control with the switching power supply, thus achieving decoupling between the two, simplifying the internal structure design of the power supply equipment, and further reducing the manufacturing cost and complexity of the power supply equipment.

[0015] In one implementation, the ratio between the voltage at the other end of the bidirectional power converter and the voltage at one end of the bidirectional power converter is equal to the ratio between the voltage provided to the first input terminal by at least one switching power supply and the voltage provided to one end of the bidirectional power converter by an energy storage device.

[0016] In this implementation, the bidirectional power converter adaptively adjusts the compensation power based on the first power provided by the switching power supply when operating under different power demand conditions of the load, without the need for joint control with the switching power supply, which simplifies the control process of the power supply equipment and improves the power suppression efficiency.

[0017] In one implementation, the voltage at the other end of the bidirectional power converter is less than the voltage at one end of the bidirectional power converter.

[0018] In this implementation, the low-voltage side of the bidirectional power converter is coupled to the output bus, and the high-voltage side is coupled to the energy storage device, ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the bidirectional power transmission. Simultaneously, the voltage difference across the bidirectional power converter allows for an expansion of the energy storage device's floating range through the converter's gain, thereby enhancing the energy storage device's power compensation performance.

[0019] In one implementation, at least one switching power supply provides a voltage between 46V and 54V to the output bus.

[0020] In one implementation, the energy storage device provides a voltage value between 400V and 550V to the bidirectional power converter.

[0021] In one implementation, the first power is less than or equal to the rated power of at least one switching power supply.

[0022] In this implementation, the first power is set to not exceed the rated power of the switching power supply, meaning the power supplied by the switching power supply to the output bus does not exceed its own rated power. When the load's power demand exceeds the maximum power that the switching power supply can provide, the excess power is compensated by an energy storage device. This suppresses power fluctuations on the grid side of the power supply equipment and protects the functional components within the switching power supply from overload damage.

[0023] In one implementation, when the required power at the output terminal is greater than the first power, the first power is kept constant; or, when the required power at the output terminal is less than the first power, the voltage value supplied to the first input terminal by at least one switching power supply is kept constant.

[0024] In this implementation, when the load's power demand exceeds the maximum power provided by the switching power supply, the switching power supply operates in constant power mode. The excess power is compensated by an energy storage device, which then supplies electrical energy to the output bus via a bidirectional power converter. This constant power mode protects the internal components of the switching power supply from overload damage due to excessive output power. When the load's power demand is less than the rated power of the switching power supply, the switching power supply operates in voltage regulation mode, and any excess power output is stored in the energy storage device via the bidirectional power converter.

[0025] In one implementation, at least one switching power supply inputs a first current to a first input terminal, the first current being less than or equal to the current corresponding to the rated power of the at least one switching power supply.

[0026] In this implementation, by limiting the output current of the switching power supply to not exceed the current of its corresponding rated power, overload damage to the internal functional components of the switching power supply can be avoided, thus protecting the internal functional components of the switching power supply.

[0027] In one implementation, when the required power at the output terminal is greater than the first power, the energy storage device inputs a second current to the second input terminal through a bidirectional power converter, wherein the sum of the current value of the second current and the current value of the first current is greater than or equal to the current value corresponding to the required power.

[0028] In this implementation, the energy storage device receives a second current through a bidirectional power converter to provide compensation power, while the switching power supply outputs a first current to provide first power. This ensures that the sum of the compensation power provided by the energy storage device and the first power output by the switching power supply meets the power requirements of the load, thereby suppressing power fluctuations on the grid side of the power supply equipment while guaranteeing the normal operation of the load. Furthermore, by adjusting the first current to output the first power and by adjusting the magnitude of the second current to provide compensation power, regulation efficiency can be improved, thereby enhancing power suppression efficiency.

[0029] In one implementation, when the required power at the output is less than the first power, the second input terminal inputs a third current to the energy storage device through a bidirectional power converter, wherein the sum of the current value of the third current and the current value of the required power is less than or equal to the current value of the first current.

[0030] In this implementation, when the first power provided by the switching power supply has surplus power after meeting the power demand of the load, the current output from the switching power supply to the output bus is input to the energy storage device through the bidirectional power converter to form a charging effect on the energy storage device, thereby ensuring that the energy storage device maintains sufficient electrical energy to provide compensation power when the next power peak arrives.

[0031] In one implementation, when the power supply device is powered on, the second input terminal is also used to input current to the energy storage device through a bidirectional power converter for pre-charging the energy storage device.

[0032] In this implementation, when the power supply equipment is powered on, the load's power demand is relatively small. At this time, the current provided by the switching power supply is mostly input to the energy storage device through the bidirectional power converter to pre-charge the energy storage device, so as to ensure that the energy storage device has sufficient electrical energy.

[0033] Secondly, this application also provides a power supply method applied to power supply equipment, including an output bus, a bidirectional power converter, an energy storage device, and at least one switching power supply, wherein the power supply method includes:

[0034] At least one switching power supply provides first power to the first input terminal of the output bus;

[0035] The output bus provides the required power to the load at its output end;

[0036] When the power demanded by the load at the output is greater than the first power requirement:

[0037] The bidirectional power converter is controlled to supply the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device to the second input terminal of the output bus to provide compensation power to the load, wherein the compensation power is used to meet the power demand of the load.

[0038] One implementation method further includes:

[0039] At least one switching power supply provides first power to the first input terminal of the output bus;

[0040] The output bus provides the required power to the load at its output end;

[0041] When the required power at the output is less than the first power:

[0042] The bidirectional power converter is controlled to supply electrical energy from the second input terminal of the output bus to the energy storage device for storage.

[0043] In one implementation, the bidirectional power converter controls the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device to supply the second input terminal of the output bus, or the bidirectional power converter controls the electrical energy at the second input terminal of the output bus to the energy storage device for storage, comprising:

[0044] The ratio between the voltage values ​​at one end and the other end of the bidirectional power converter is kept constant, wherein one end is coupled to the energy storage device and the other end is coupled to the second input terminal.

[0045] In one implementation, the ratio between the voltage values ​​at one end and the other end of the control bidirectional power converter is kept constant, including:

[0046] The voltage at the other end of the bidirectional power converter is controlled to be less than the voltage at one end of the bidirectional power converter.

[0047] Thirdly, this application also provides a power distribution system, including a power grid, an input bus, and power supply equipment provided by any of the above implementations, wherein the input bus is used to transmit AC power from the power grid to at least one switching power supply of the power supply equipment.

[0048] In this implementation, the input bus in the power distribution system is coupled between the power grid and the power supply equipment, enabling the transmission of AC power from the grid to the power supply equipment. The switching power supply in the power supply equipment converts the AC power from the grid into DC power and supplies it to the load to meet the normal operating requirements of the load. Since the energy storage device in the power supply equipment provides compensation power through a bidirectional power converter to meet the load's power demand, it can suppress power fluctuations on the grid-side input bus, thereby preventing overload damage to the power distribution infrastructure and protecting the power distribution facilities.

[0049] Furthermore, since the power distribution system of this application is equipped with the power supply equipment provided by any of the above implementations, the power distribution system of this application possesses all the beneficial effects that the power supply equipment provided by any of the above implementations may have.

[0050] Fourthly, this application also provides a network device, including the power supply device provided in any of the above implementations.

[0051] Because the network device of this application is equipped with the power supply device provided by any of the above implementations, the network device of this application possesses all the possible beneficial effects of the power supply device provided by any of the above implementations. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working scenario of the power distribution system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the power distribution system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the power supply equipment provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the power supply equipment provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the power supply equipment provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a possible waveform diagram illustrating the power demand of the load in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the power supply equipment provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0060] Figure 8 This is a possible waveform diagram illustrating the power demand of the load in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the power supply equipment provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the network device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figure 11 A schematic diagram illustrating the workflow of the power supply method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0064] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the workflow of the power supply method provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, and not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0066] In power distribution systems, to prevent damage caused by overload of power distribution facilities due to power fluctuations, power distribution systems in related technologies typically distribute power according to peak power levels to suppress power fluctuations. However, derating power distribution based on peak power levels leads to a waste of power distribution infrastructure and capacity, failing to achieve maximum energy utilization. Alternatively, related technologies also achieve power buffering by incorporating redundant switching power supplies. However, over-saturating switching power supplies by several times requires deploying excessive input cables within the power supply cabinet, increasing the internal structural complexity of the power supply equipment and raising the manufacturing cost and difficulty of the switching power supply.

[0067] This application provides a power supply device that, through targeted optimization of the arrangement of internal functional components, can provide compensating power to the output bus when the load-side power fluctuates, thereby meeting the power demand of the load side and achieving the effect of smooth power input to the power grid and suppressing power fluctuations on the grid side. Next, this application specification will describe the power distribution system provided by this application embodiment in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, in which the power distribution system is illustrated as power distribution system 100.

[0068] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working scenario of the power distribution system 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the power distribution system 100 in this embodiment includes a power grid 101 and an input bus 106 (see [link to application]). Figure 2 The power supply equipment 10 and the power supply device 10, with the input bus 106 coupled between the power grid 101 and the power supply device 10, are used to transmit AC or DC power from the power grid 101 to at least one switching power supply of the power supply device 10.

[0069] The power supply equipment 10 is used to rectify received AC power into DC power or invert received DC power into AC power to supply power to the load, thereby meeting the power requirements for the normal operation of the load. The power grid 101 and the power supply equipment 10 may be coupled via, but are not limited to, an AC bus, and the power supply equipment 10 and the load may be coupled via, but are not limited to, a DC bus. The power grid 101 can be understood as the relevant functional facilities or equipment in the power distribution system 100 that enable the transmission and distribution of electrical energy, such as transmission lines and distribution lines.

[0070] In this embodiment, the load can be at least one of a radio frequency (RF) module or a baseband module. For example, when the load is an RF module of a network device, the RF module includes multiple power amplifier circuits of different frequency bands. In this case, the power supply device can provide the RF module with the DC voltage required for the power amplifier to operate normally. For example, the power supply device can provide, but is not limited to, a voltage of 12V, 28V, 50V, or 60V to the RF module.

[0071] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic plan view of the power distribution system 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the power supply device 10 supplies power to the processor chip 102 within the cluster server, and the load at this time is the processor chip 102. The processor chip 102 may be, but is not limited to, a neural network processing unit (NPU).

[0072] For example, power supply device 10 can be used to convert standard 220V AC power into 48V low-voltage DC power required for the operation of processor chip 102.

[0073] Specifically, in Figure 2In the illustrated embodiment, the power distribution system 100 further includes a transformer 103, to which AC power from the power grid 101 is transmitted via an input bus 106. The transformer 103 performs voltage conversion on the AC power and transmits the converted AC power directly or indirectly to the power supply equipment 10 via the input bus 106. For example, the power grid 101 can transmit 110kV AC power to the transformer 103. The transformer 103 can step down the high-voltage AC power transmitted from the power grid 101, such as reducing the 110kV AC power to 10kV AC power.

[0074] For example, the power distribution system 100 also includes a distribution cabinet 104, which is coupled between the transformer 103 and the power supply equipment 10. The transformer 103 can input 10kV AC power to the distribution cabinet 104, and the distribution cabinet 104 receives the AC power input from the transformer 103 and uses it for AC power distribution, that is, the distribution cabinet 104 is used for AC power distribution and transmission to the power supply equipment 10.

[0075] For example, the power distribution system 100 also includes a plurality of air circuit breakers 105, which can be used to cut off the current in the circuit when an overload or short circuit occurs in the circuit, so as to protect the functional devices or devices in the power distribution system 100.

[0076] It should be noted that the supply voltage provided by the power supply equipment varies depending on the load, and the specific voltage value is adjusted according to the actual application scenario and design of the power supply equipment. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiments shown are merely illustrative examples of possible implementations of the power distribution system 100, and do not limit the types and functions of functional devices or apparatuses in the power distribution system 100, nor do they restrict the application scenarios to these. In other embodiments of this application, the types and functions of functional devices or apparatuses in the power distribution system 100 may be adjusted according to the actual application scenario of the power distribution system 100, and the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit them.

[0077] The input bus 106 in the power distribution system 100 is coupled between the power grid 101 and the power supply equipment 10, and can transmit the AC power from the power grid 101 to the power supply equipment 10. The switching power supply in the power supply equipment 10 can convert the AC power provided by the power grid 101 into DC power and provide it to the load to meet the normal operation requirements of the load.

[0078] When load power fluctuations occur, such as when the load's power demand exceeds the power provided by the switching power supply, the energy storage device in the power supply equipment 10 of this application can provide compensating power to the load through a bidirectional power converter to meet the load's power demand. This suppresses power fluctuations on the grid-side input bus 106, thereby preventing overload damage to the power distribution infrastructure of the power distribution system 100 and protecting the power distribution facilities. When the load's power demand is less than the power provided by the switching power supply, the power supply equipment 10 of this application can use a bidirectional power converter to transfer the surplus power provided by the switching power supply to the energy storage device for storage. This suppresses power fluctuations when the next power fluctuation peak arrives, ensuring smooth and stable power delivery.

[0079] In this application specification, the power supply equipment 10 of the power distribution system 100 is used to supply power to the processor chip 102 in the cluster server as an example for illustrative description.

[0080] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic plan view of the power supply device 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the power supply device 10 includes an output bus 12, a bidirectional power converter 13, an energy storage device 14, and a switching power supply 11. The output bus 12 is coupled between the switching power supply 11 and the load. The switching power supply 11 is used to convert the AC power supplied by the power grid 101 into DC power and supply it to the load through the output bus 12.

[0081] Energy storage device 14 is used to store electrical energy and is coupled to output bus 12 via bidirectional power converter 13. Energy storage device 14 is connected in parallel with switching power supply 11. It is understood that the bidirectional power converter 13 enables bidirectional power transfer between output bus 12 and energy storage device 14.

[0082] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a planar structural schematic diagram of the power supply device 10 provided in the embodiments of this application. To clearly illustrate that the switching power supply 11 and the energy storage device 14 work together to provide power to meet the load's power demand P3, in... Figure 4 The illustrated embodiment uses only one of the multiple switching power supplies 11 as an example for illustrative purposes. Figure 4As shown, the output bus 12 includes a first input terminal 121, a second input terminal 122, and an output terminal 123. The first input terminal 121 is coupled to the switching power supply 11, the second input terminal 122 is coupled to the bidirectional power converter 13, and the output terminal 123 is coupled to the load. The switching power supply 11 is used to convert the AC power from the grid into DC power and input it to the first input terminal 121 to provide the first power P1 to the output bus 12.

[0083] It can be understood that the first input terminal 121, the second input terminal 122, and the output terminal 123 in this specification can be understood as the endpoints of the output bus 12 at the coupling positions with the switching power supply 11, the bidirectional power converter 13, and the load, respectively, or as a connecting line of unlimited length when the output bus 12 is coupled with the switching power supply 11, the bidirectional power converter 13, and the load, respectively.

[0084] Please refer to the following: Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the power supply device 10 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 This is a possible waveform diagram illustrating the power demand of the load in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when the required power P3 at the output terminal 123 is greater than the first power P1, the bidirectional power converter 13 is used to input the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 14 to the second input terminal 122 to provide compensation power P2 to the output bus 12.

[0085] The output terminal 123 of the output bus 12 is coupled to the load. The power demand P3 of the output bus 12 at the output terminal 123 can be understood as the power demand of the load during power switching. In other words, the power demand P3 of the output terminal 123 of the output bus 12 can be understood as the power demand P3 of the load.

[0086] For example, the compensation power P2 is equal to the difference between the required power P3 and the first power P1.

[0087] Understandably, when the power demand P3 required by the load is greater than the first power P1 provided by the switching power supply 11, the energy storage device 14 can provide compensation power P2 to the output bus 12 through the bidirectional power converter 13, thereby achieving stable power input to the power supply equipment 10 on the grid side. This avoids the adverse phenomenon of power fluctuations from the input side of the power supply equipment 10 leading to overload of the power supply and distribution facilities, and thus protects the internal functional structure or device facilities of the power supply equipment 10.

[0088] Please refer to the following: Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the power supply device 10 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 This is a possible waveform diagram illustrating the power demand of the load in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, when the required power P3 at the output terminal 123 is less than the first power P1, the bidirectional power converter 13 is used to input the electrical energy at the second input terminal 122 to the energy storage device 14 for storage.

[0089] Understandably, when the power demand P3 required by the load is less than the first power P1 provided by the switching power supply 11, the bidirectional power converter 13 can send the excess power provided by the switching power supply 11 to the energy storage device 14 for storage, so that the energy storage device 14 always maintains sufficient electrical energy to provide compensation power P2 in subsequent operation.

[0090] Furthermore, compared to derating configurations or using redundant switching power supplies 11, the power supply equipment 10 of this application incorporates an energy storage device 14 and a bidirectional power converter 13 on the power output side of the switching power supply 11. This allows the energy storage device 14 to provide compensation power P2 through the bidirectional power converter 13 to suppress peak power fluctuations. This simplifies the structural design of the power supply equipment 10 and reduces its manufacturing cost and complexity, thereby avoiding waste of power distribution facilities and power capacity, and reducing power distribution costs. Simultaneously, it reduces the structural volume of the power supply equipment 10, simplifies the power distribution interface, and saves material costs.

[0091] Furthermore, since the power distribution system 100 of this application is equipped with the power supply equipment 10 provided in any of the above embodiments, the power distribution system 100 of this application possesses all the possible beneficial effects of the power supply equipment 10 provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0092] Furthermore, since the network device 1000 of this application is equipped with the power supply device 10 provided in any of the above embodiments, the network device 1000 of this application possesses all the possible beneficial effects of the power supply device 10 provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0093] For example, the energy storage device 14 includes at least one of a capacitor and a battery.

[0094] For example, the bidirectional power converter 13 may be, but is not limited to, either a transformer module or a bidirectional boost-buck circuit.

[0095] For example, the transformer includes at least one of LLC resonant circuit and dual active bridge DC-DC converter (DAB).

[0096] Please continue reading. Figure 7.exist Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, one end 13a of the bidirectional power converter 13 is coupled to the energy storage device 14, and the other end 13b of the bidirectional power converter 13 is coupled to the second input terminal 122. The ratio between the voltage value of the other end 13b of the bidirectional power converter 13 and the voltage value of the one end 13a of the bidirectional power converter 13 remains fixed.

[0097] The voltage across the bidirectional power converter 13 remains constant, creating a communication link between the energy storage unit 14 and the output bus 12. Simultaneously, by maintaining a constant voltage across the bidirectional power converter 13, it adaptively adjusts the compensation power P2 supplied by the energy storage unit 14 to the output bus 12 based on load power fluctuations. The bidirectional power converter 13 operates in an open-loop state, eliminating the need for joint control with the switching power supply 11. This decoupling simplifies the internal structure design of the power supply equipment 10 and further reduces its manufacturing cost and complexity. The open-loop operation of the bidirectional power converter 13 means that no additional feedback circuit is required; the power delivery direction or condition within the bidirectional power converter 13 is unaffected by the switching power supply 11, achieving decoupling control between the bidirectional power converter 13 and the switching power supply 11.

[0098] For example, the ratio between the voltage value at the other end 13b of the bidirectional power converter 13 and the voltage value at one end 13a of the bidirectional power converter 13 is equal to the ratio between the voltage value provided by the switching power supply 11 to the first input terminal 121 and the voltage value provided by the energy storage device 14 to one end 13a of the bidirectional power converter 13. When operating under different power demand conditions based on the load, the bidirectional power converter 13 adaptively adjusts the magnitude of the compensation power P2 based on the first power P1 provided by the switching power supply 11, without needing to be jointly controlled with the switching power supply 11, thus simplifying the control process of the power supply equipment 10 and improving power suppression efficiency.

[0099] For example, the voltage at the other end 13b of the bidirectional power converter 13 is less than the voltage at one end 13a of the bidirectional power converter 13.

[0100] Understandably, the low-voltage side of the bidirectional power converter 13 is coupled to the output bus 12, and the high-voltage side is coupled to the energy storage device 14, which ensures the stability and effectiveness of the bidirectional power transmission of the bidirectional power converter 13. At the same time, the voltage difference between the two sides of the bidirectional power converter 13 can expand the floating range of the stored electrical energy in the energy storage device 14 through the gain of the bidirectional power converter 13, thereby improving the power compensation effect of the energy storage device 14.

[0101] For example, at least one switching power supply 11 provides a voltage value between 46V and 54V to the output bus 12.

[0102] For example, the ratio between the voltage value at one end 13a and the voltage value at the other end 13b of the bidirectional power converter 13 may be, but is not limited to, 9:1.

[0103] For example, the energy storage device 14 provides a voltage value between 400V and 550V for the bidirectional power converter 13.

[0104] For example, the first power P1 is less than or equal to the rated power of at least one switching power supply 11.

[0105] Understandably, by setting the first power P1 to not exceed the rated power of the switching power supply 11, that is, the power supplied by the switching power supply 11 to the output bus 12 does not exceed its own rated power. When the load's demand power P3 exceeds the maximum power that the switching power supply 11 can provide, the excess power is compensated by the energy storage device 14. This not only suppresses power fluctuations on the grid side of the power supply equipment 10, but also protects the functional components inside the switching power supply 11 from overload and damage.

[0106] For example, when the required power P3 of the output terminal 123 is greater than the first power P1, the first power P1 remains constant.

[0107] For example, when the required power P3 at the output terminal 123 is less than the first power P1, the voltage value provided to the first input terminal 121 by at least one switching power supply 11 remains constant.

[0108] Understandably, when the load's required power P3 is greater than the maximum power that the switching power supply 11 can provide, the switching power supply 11 operates in constant power mode, and the excess power is compensated by the energy storage device 14. The energy storage device 14 inputs electrical energy to the output bus 12 through the bidirectional power converter 13.

[0109] When the load's power demand P3 exceeds the rated power of the switching power supply 11, the switching power supply 11 operates in constant power mode, protecting the internal functional components and preventing overload damage due to excessive output power. When the load's power demand P3 is less than the rated power of the switching power supply 11, the switching power supply 11 operates in voltage regulation mode, and the excess power output by the switching power supply 11 can be provided to the energy storage device 14 for storage through the bidirectional power converter 13.

[0110] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic plan view of the power supply device 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9In the illustrated embodiment, the switching power supply 11 inputs a first current i_1 to the first input terminal 121, and the first current i_1 is less than or equal to the current corresponding to the rated power of the switching power supply 11. By limiting the output current of the switching power supply 11 to not exceed the current corresponding to its rated power, overload damage to the internal functional components of the switching power supply 11 can be avoided, thus protecting the internal functional components of the switching power supply 11.

[0111] For example, when the required power P3 at the output terminal 123 is greater than the first power P1, the energy storage device 14 inputs a second current i_2 to the second input terminal 122 through the bidirectional power converter 13. The sum of the current value of the second current i_2 and the current value of the first current i_1 is greater than or equal to the current value of the current i corresponding to the required power P3. That is, the current values ​​of the first current i_1, the second current i_2, and the current value of the current i corresponding to the required power P3 satisfy the relationship: i_1 + i_2 ≥ i.

[0112] The energy storage device 14 inputs a second current i_2 through the bidirectional power converter 13 to provide compensation power P2, and the switching power supply 11 outputs a first current i_1 to provide a first power P1. This ensures that the sum of the compensation power P2 provided by the energy storage device 14 and the first power P1 output by the switching power supply 11 can meet the power required by the load, so as to ensure the normal operation of the load while suppressing the power fluctuations on the grid side of the power supply equipment 10.

[0113] Meanwhile, by adjusting the first current i_1 to output the first power P1 and by adjusting the magnitude of the second current i_2 to provide the compensation power P2, the efficiency of the power supply equipment 10 in dynamically adjusting the power can be improved, thereby improving the power suppression efficiency.

[0114] For example, when the required power P3 at the output terminal 123 is less than the first power P1, the second input terminal 122 inputs a third current i_3 to the energy storage device 14 through the bidirectional power converter 13. The sum of the third current i_3 and the current i corresponding to the required power P3 is less than or equal to the current i_1 of the first current, i.e., the current values ​​of the first current i_1, the third current i_3, and the current i corresponding to the required power P3 satisfy the relationship: i_3 + i ≤ i.

[0115] Understandably, when the first power P1 provided by the switching power supply 11 has surplus power after meeting the load's demand power P3, the current output from the switching power supply 11 to the output bus 12 is input to the energy storage device 14 through the bidirectional power converter 13 to form a charging effect on the energy storage device 14, thereby ensuring that the energy storage device 14 maintains sufficient electrical energy to provide compensation power P2 when the next power peak arrives.

[0116] For example, when the power supply device 10 is powered on, the second input terminal 122 is also used to input current to the energy storage device 14 through the bidirectional power converter 13 for pre-charging the energy storage device 14. It is understood that when the power supply device 10 is powered on, the load's power demand is relatively small. At this time, the current provided by the switching power supply 11 is mostly input to the energy storage device 14 through the bidirectional power converter 13 to pre-charge the energy storage device 14, ensuring that the energy storage device 14 has sufficient electrical energy.

[0117] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the network device 1000 provided in this application embodiment. The power supply device 10 provided in this application embodiment can be applied to the network device 1000 to provide the load in the network device 1000 with the power required for normal operation. The network device 1000 can be, but is not limited to, a base station, core network equipment, data communication equipment, data center computing equipment, etc. When the network device 1000 is of different types of devices, the object powered by the power supply device 10, i.e., the type of load, is also different. In other words, when the network device 1000 is applied in different scenarios, the type of load can also be different. For example, the load can be, but is not limited to, routers, switches, servers, etc. The power supply device 10 can provide power to the internal processor chips, single boards, box-type devices, rack-type devices, outdoor box-type products, and other functional devices of routers, switches, servers, etc., to meet the power requirements for normal operation of the corresponding load.

[0118] In this application specification, network device 1000 is used as an example base station for illustrative description, and... Figure 10 The base station is illustrated as base station 1000a. That is, in the embodiment shown in 10, the power supply equipment 10 provided in this application embodiment is used to supply and distribute power to base station 1000a.

[0119] like Figure 10 As shown, base station 1000a includes a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) 1001, an antenna 1002, and a power supply device 10. The RRU 1001 modulates the received signal into a radio frequency signal and amplifies it. The antenna 1002 transmits the amplified radio frequency signal from the RRU 1001.

[0120] For example, the radio frequency module 1001 may be, but is not limited to, coupled to the antenna 1002 via a feed line. It is understood that the radio frequency signal modulated and processed by the radio frequency module 1001 can be provided to the antenna 1002 via the feed line.

[0121] For example, base station 1000a also includes a baseband module (BBU) 1003, which is coupled to radio frequency module 1001. The baseband module 1003 provides digital signals and control information to radio frequency module 1001, which can modulate the received digital signals. The radio frequency module 1001 may, but is not limited to, communicating with the baseband module 1003 via optical fiber or the like.

[0122] For example, antenna 1002 can also be used to receive radio frequency (RF) signals. The RF signals received by antenna 1002 can be transmitted to RF module 1001 via a feeder. RF module 1001 can demodulate the received RF signals and transmit the demodulated signals to baseband module 1003 via optical fiber.

[0123] For example, the power supply device 10 may be coupled to at least one of the radio frequency module 1001 and the baseband module 1003 via a transmission line such as a cable. The power supply device 10 is used to provide power to at least one of the radio frequency module 1001 and the baseband module 1003 to ensure the normal operation of at least one of the radio frequency module 1001 and the baseband module 1003.

[0124] For example, such as Figure 10 As shown, the radio frequency module 1001 and antenna 1002 can be, but are not limited to, installed at the top of the tower, on a mountain, on a building roof, or at other relatively high locations. The power supply equipment 10 and baseband module 1003 can be, but are not limited to, installed at the bottom of the tower or in a machine room, etc.

[0125] It should be noted that in this application Figure 10 The embodiments shown are merely illustrative examples of one possible implementation, including the type of functional components within base station 1000a and their placement. The number, type, placement, and connection relationships of the functional components in base station 1000a provided in this application are not limited to this specific embodiment. In other embodiments of this application, the actual type, number, placement, and connection relationships of the functional components in base station 1000a can be adjusted according to different actual design requirements and application scenarios. This application does not impose specific limitations on these aspects.

[0126] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the workflow of the power supply method provided in the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application provide a power supply method that can be applied to, or implemented using, the power supply device 10 provided in any of the above embodiments. Figure 11In the illustrated embodiment, the power supply method provided by this application includes the following steps:

[0127] S100, at least one switching power supply 11 provides a first power P1 to the first input terminal 121 of the output bus 12;

[0128] S200, the output terminal 123 of the output bus 12 provides the load with the required power P3;

[0129] S300, when the power demand P3 of the load at output terminal 123 is greater than the first power P1:

[0130] The bidirectional power converter 13 controls the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 14 to provide the second input terminal 122 of the output bus 12 to provide compensation power P2 to the load, wherein the compensation power P2 is used to meet the power demand of the load.

[0131] Specifically, in Figure 11 Steps S100-S300 provided in the illustrated embodiment can be achieved through... Figures 3-9 The power supply device 10 in any of the illustrated embodiments is implemented. It is understood that when the load experiences power fluctuations, for example, when the load's power demand exceeds the power that the switching power supply 11 can provide, the power supply method of this application controls the bidirectional power converter 13 to provide compensating power to the load from the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 14, thereby meeting the load's power demand and suppressing power fluctuations on the grid-side input bus 106. Furthermore, the power supply method provided in the embodiments of this application can achieve smooth and stable power transmission between various functional devices and components within the power distribution system 100, thereby preventing overload damage to the power distribution infrastructure of the power distribution system 100 and protecting the power distribution facilities.

[0132] For one embodiment, please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the workflow of the power supply method provided in the embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application provide a power supply method that can be applied to, or implemented using, the power supply device 10 provided in any of the above embodiments. Figure 12 The power supply method provided in the embodiments shown in this application includes the following steps:

[0133] S100a, at least one switching power supply 11 provides a first power P1 to the first input terminal 121 of the output bus 12;

[0134] S200a, the output terminal 123 of the output bus 12 provides the load with the required power P3;

[0135] S300a, when the required power P3 at output terminal 123 is less than the first power P1:

[0136] The bidirectional power converter 13 controls the electrical energy at the second input terminal 122 of the output bus 12 to be stored in the energy storage device 14.

[0137] Specifically, in Figure 12 Steps S100a-S300a provided in the illustrated embodiment can be achieved through... Figures 3-9 The power supply device 10 in any of the illustrated embodiments is implemented. Figure 12 In the illustrated embodiment, when the power demand of the load is less than the power provided by the switching power supply, the power supply method provided in this application embodiment controls the bidirectional power converter 13 to deliver the surplus power provided by the switching power supply 11 to the energy storage device 14 for storage, so as to suppress power fluctuations when the next power fluctuation peak arrives, and enable the power to be delivered smoothly and stably.

[0138] Understandable, Figure 11 and Figure 12 In the power supply method provided in the illustrated embodiment, an additional controller or other functional device with control function can be used to control the bidirectional power converter 13 to supply the electrical energy stored in the energy storage unit 14 to the second input terminal 122 of the output bus 12, or to control the bidirectional power converter 13 to supply the electrical energy at the second input terminal 122 of the output bus 12 to the energy storage unit 14 for storage. Alternatively, the bidirectional power converter 13 itself can actively control the direction of power transmission based on the magnitude between the required power P3 at the output terminal 123 and the first power P1. This embodiment of the application does not specifically limit this.

[0139] In one embodiment, step S300, "controlling the bidirectional power converter 13 to provide the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 14 to the second input terminal 122 of the output bus 12", or step S300a, "controlling the bidirectional power converter 13 to provide the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 14 to the second input terminal 122 of the output bus 12", includes the following steps:

[0140] The ratio between the voltage value at one end 13a and the voltage value at the other end 13b of the bidirectional power converter 13 is kept constant, wherein one end 13a is coupled to the energy storage device 14 and the other end 13b is coupled to the second input terminal 122.

[0141] Specifically, the power supply method provided in this application embodiment maintains a constant voltage value across the bidirectional power converter 13, thus creating a communication effect between the energy storage unit 14 and the output bus 12. Simultaneously, by maintaining a constant voltage value across the bidirectional power converter 13, the bidirectional power converter 13 adaptively adjusts the compensation power P2 provided by the energy storage unit 14 to the output bus 12 based on load power fluctuations. The bidirectional power converter 13 operates in an open-loop state without requiring joint control with the switching power supply 11, thereby achieving decoupling between the two, simplifying the number and types of functional devices used to implement the power supply method, and further reducing the manufacturing cost and difficulty of implementing the power supply method.

[0142] In one embodiment, maintaining a fixed ratio between the voltage values ​​at one end 13a and the other end 13b of the bidirectional power converter 13 further includes:

[0143] The voltage at the other end 13b of the bidirectional power converter 13 is controlled to be less than the voltage at one end 13a of the bidirectional power converter 13.

[0144] Specifically, the power supply method provided in this application embodiment, by controlling the low-voltage side of the bidirectional power converter 13 to be coupled to the output bus 12 and the high-voltage side to the energy storage device 14, can ensure the stability and effectiveness of the bidirectional power transmission of the bidirectional power converter 13. Simultaneously, the voltage difference between the two sides of the bidirectional power converter 13 allows for an expansion of the energy storage range of the energy storage device 14 through the gain of the bidirectional power converter 13, thereby improving the power compensation effect of the energy storage device 14.

[0145] Of course, the above-described embodiments can be applied individually or in combination. The above description is the preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A power supply device, characterized in that, The system includes an output bus, a bidirectional power converter, an energy storage device, and at least one switching power supply. The output bus includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The first input terminal is coupled to the at least one switching power supply, the second input terminal is coupled to the bidirectional power converter, and the output terminal is coupled to a load. The at least one switching power supply is used to convert AC power from the power grid into DC power and input it to the first input terminal to provide a first power to the output bus, wherein: When the required power at the output terminal is greater than the first power, the bidirectional power converter is used to input the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device to the second input terminal to provide compensation power to the output bus to meet the power demand of the load.

2. The power supply equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the required power at the output terminal is less than the first power, the bidirectional power converter is used to input the electrical energy at the second input terminal to the energy storage device for storage.

3. The power supply equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One end of the bidirectional power converter is coupled to the energy storage device, and the other end of the bidirectional power converter is coupled to the second input terminal. The ratio between the voltage value at the other end of the bidirectional power converter and the voltage value at the first end of the bidirectional power converter remains fixed.

4. The power supply equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio between the voltage value at the other end of the bidirectional power converter and the voltage value at one end of the bidirectional power converter is equal to the ratio between the voltage value provided to the first input terminal by the at least one switching power supply and the voltage value provided to the one end of the bidirectional power converter by the energy storage device.

5. The power supply equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The voltage value at the other end of the bidirectional power converter is less than the voltage value at one end of the bidirectional power converter.

6. The power supply equipment according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first power is less than or equal to the rated power of the at least one switching power supply.

7. The power supply equipment according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, When the required power at the output terminal is greater than the first power, the first power remains constant; Alternatively, when the required power at the output terminal is less than the first power, the voltage value provided by the at least one switching power supply to the first input terminal remains constant.

8. The power supply equipment according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The at least one switching power supply inputs a first current to the first input terminal, wherein the first current is less than or equal to the current corresponding to the rated power of the at least one switching power supply.

9. The power supply equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the required power at the output terminal is greater than the first power, the energy storage device inputs a second current to the second input terminal through the bidirectional power converter, wherein: The sum of the current value of the second current and the current value of the first current is greater than or equal to the current value of the current corresponding to the required power.

10. The power supply equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the required power at the output terminal is less than the first power, the second input terminal inputs a third current to the energy storage device through the bidirectional power converter, wherein: The sum of the current value of the third current and the current value of the required power current is less than or equal to the current value of the first current.

11. The power supply equipment according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, When the power supply device is powered on, the second input terminal is also used to input current to the energy storage device through the bidirectional power converter for pre-charging the energy storage device.

12. A power supply method applied to power supply equipment, comprising an output bus, a bidirectional power converter, an energy storage device, and at least one switching power supply, characterized in that, The method includes: The at least one switching power supply provides a first power to a first input terminal of the output bus; The output end of the output bus provides the power required by the load. When the required power of the load at the output terminal is greater than the first power: The bidirectional power converter is controlled to supply the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device to the second input terminal of the output bus to provide compensation power to the load, wherein the compensation power is used to meet the power demand of the load.

13. The power supply method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The power supply method further includes: The at least one switching power supply provides a first power to a first input terminal of the output bus; The output end of the output bus provides the power required by the load. When the required power at the output terminal is less than the first power: The bidirectional power converter is controlled to supply electrical energy from the second input terminal of the output bus to the energy storage device for storage.

14. The power supply method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The control of the bidirectional power converter to provide the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device to the second input terminal of the output bus, or the control of the bidirectional power converter to provide the electrical energy at the second input terminal of the output bus to the energy storage device for storage, includes: The ratio between the voltage value at one end and the voltage value at the other end of the bidirectional power converter is kept constant, wherein the one end is coupled to the energy storage device and the other end is coupled to the second input terminal.

15. The power supply method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Maintaining a fixed ratio between the voltage values ​​at one end and the other end of the bidirectional power converter includes: The voltage value at the other end of the bidirectional power converter is controlled to be less than the voltage value at the first end of the bidirectional power converter.

16. A power distribution system, characterized in that, It includes a power grid, an input bus, and a power supply device as described in any one of claims 1-11, wherein the input bus is used to transmit alternating current from the power grid to at least one switching power supply of the power supply device.

17. A network device, characterized in that, Includes the power supply equipment as described in any one of claims 1-11.

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