Adaptive frequency domain equalization method for underwater acoustic OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) communication by utilizing Transform

By employing a Transformer-based adaptive frequency domain equalization method for underwater acoustic OFDM communication, and utilizing a self-attention mechanism and a feedforward network for soft decision processing, the problems of sluggish channel change and hard decision error propagation in traditional methods are solved, achieving efficient adaptive equalization and improved robustness for complex underwater acoustic channels.

CN122120071APending Publication Date: 2026-05-29KUNMING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610468121.1
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-04-10
Publication Date
2026-05-29

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In traditional underwater acoustic OFDM communication, zero-forcing equalization is sluggish in response to channel changes and amplifies additive noise. Decision feedback frequency domain equalization is computationally complex and hard decision can easily lead to error propagation, making it unable to effectively cope with inter-symbol interference and frequency-selective fading in complex underwater acoustic channels.

Method used

An adaptive frequency domain equalization method based on Transformer for underwater acoustic OFDM communication is adopted. The method generates a complex symbol sequence by generating the original bit stream and then encoding and modulating it. The method utilizes the Transformer neural network for self-attention mechanism and soft decision processing of feedforward network, and combines error backpropagation to update network parameters and filter coefficients to achieve adaptive equalization.

Benefits of technology

It significantly reduces the probability of error propagation, enhances the system's adaptability to complex underwater acoustic channels, and improves the robustness of channel estimation and the real-time performance of communication.

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Abstract

The invention discloses an adaptive frequency domain equalization method for underwater acoustic OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) communication by utilizing a Transform, relates to the technical field of underwater acoustic communication, and aims to solve the problems that the existing underwater acoustic OFDM equalization method depends on a cyclic prefix, is insensitive to dynamic change of a channel and is easy to cause error propagation due to hard decision. Soft decision of received symbols is completed through a multi-head self-attention mechanism, and adaptive filtering is realized in combination with a feedforward network; in the training stage, a loss function is calculated based on network output and a true value, and network parameters and feed-forward equalization filter coefficients are synchronously updated; in the reasoning stage, network output feedback is used for updating a filter coefficient, and real-time change of a channel is adapted; according to the method, the error propagation probability is remarkably reduced, and the communication reliability under the complex underwater acoustic channel is improved.
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