A macrobrachium rosenbergii culture greenhouse

Abstract

The application discloses a macrobrachium rosenbergii culture greenhouse, which comprises a mounting frame installed on a soil pond, an upper layer film laid on the top of the mounting frame, a lower layer film installed on the mounting frame and located below the upper layer film, end face films installed on the front and back sides of the mounting frame, a sealed greenhouse cover body formed by the upper layer film, the lower layer film and the end face films, a plurality of heating mechanisms installed between the upper layer film and the lower layer film, and the heating mechanisms fixedly installed on the mounting frame, wherein each of the heating mechanisms comprises a mounting frame, and finned pipes and fans are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the mounting frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture equipment technology, and more specifically, to a greenhouse for raising giant freshwater prawns. Background Technology

[0002] In the farming of giant freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), water temperature and ambient temperature are key factors affecting prawn growth and survival. In the low temperatures of winter, open-air farming cannot meet the prawns' growth needs; therefore, prawn farming greenhouses have become the primary facility for winter prawn farming. Existing prawn farming greenhouses mostly use single-layer membrane structures, which have poor heat insulation. The water temperature in the farming ponds is easily affected by significant fluctuations in the external environment, impacting the prawns' growth rate and survival rate. Simultaneously, during winter snowfall, snow easily accumulates on top of the greenhouse membrane. Since the membrane lacks an effective snow removal structure, excessive snow accumulation can easily cause the membrane to collapse, damaging the farming facilities and leading to sudden changes in the farming environment, resulting in mass prawn mortality and significant economic losses for farmers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a greenhouse for raising giant freshwater prawns.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention discloses a giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) farming shed, comprising an installation frame mounted on an earthen pond; an upper membrane is laid on top of the installation frame, and a lower membrane is installed on the installation frame, located below the upper membrane; end membranes are installed on the front and rear sides of the installation frame; the upper membrane, lower membrane, and end membranes combine to form a relatively sealed farming space; several heating mechanisms are installed between the upper and lower membranes, and the heating mechanisms are fixedly installed on the installation frame; each heating mechanism includes an installation frame, with finned tubes and fans installed on the left and right sides of the installation frame, respectively; it also includes a water supply main and a water return main, with the finned tubes connected to the water supply main and the water return main.

[0006] Preferably, the air outlet directions of two adjacent heating mechanisms are opposite, respectively facing the left and right sides of the greenhouse.

[0007] Preferably, the finned tube is fixedly installed in the mounting frame in an S-shape. The finned tube includes an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end is set through the side of the mounting frame, and the outlet end is set through the bottom of the mounting frame. A water supply pipe is connected to the main water supply pipe, and a water inlet pipe is connected between the main water supply pipe and the inlet end. A drain pipe is connected to the main return water pipe, and a drain pipe is connected between the drain pipe and the outlet end.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting frame is equipped with two support nets, which are respectively positioned below the upper membrane and the lower membrane, providing support for the upper and lower membranes respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the support mesh includes several vertical and horizontal steel wires, which are perpendicular to each other.

[0010] Preferably, the mounting frame includes a support column, a central beam, a mounting beam, side columns, and side beams. The support column is vertically installed above the dividing embankment. The central beam is fixedly connected to the top of the support column. The mounting beam is installed on the side of the support column. The earthen pond includes a central dividing embankment. A breeding pond is set on each side of the dividing embankment. The side columns are vertically installed above the earthen pond and located outside the breeding ponds. The side beams are installed on the top of the side columns. The upper membrane is laid on the upper part of the side beams and the central beam. One end of the lower membrane is fixed to the mounting beam, and the other end is set around the side beams.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting frame also includes side columns and side beams. The side columns are located on the front and rear sides above the earthen pond, the upper membrane is installed on the top of the side columns, the two ends of the side beams are connected to the central beam and the side beams respectively, and the end membrane is installed on the outside of the side columns.

[0012] Preferably, the fan includes a fan motor, fan blades, and a mounting cover. The mounting cover is located outside the fan motor, and the fan motor drives the fan blades, which face the finned tube.

[0013] Preferably, a heat exchange pipe is installed in the aquaculture pond. A water supply branch pipe is connected to the side of the main water supply pipe, and a return water branch pipe is connected to the side of the main return water pipe. The two ends of the heat exchange pipe are connected to the water supply branch pipe and the return water branch pipe, respectively.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the heating mechanism between the upper and lower films can provide hot air to the area between the upper and lower films, raising the temperature at the bottom of the upper film, which can quickly melt the snow that falls on the upper film, preventing the upper film from collapsing due to snow accumulation, and effectively protecting the integrity of the greenhouse facilities; the double-layer film structure design of the upper and lower films forms a heat insulation barrier between them, greatly improving the overall heat preservation effect of the greenhouse, reducing the loss of heat inside the greenhouse, and maintaining a stable temperature in the breeding environment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure for a giant freshwater prawn farming shed in this embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the support net in this embodiment;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the heating mechanism in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 5This is a front view of the heating mechanism in this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the triggering mechanism in this embodiment.

[0021] Attached reference numerals: 1. Earthen pond; 2. Dividing embankment; 3. Aquaculture pond; 4. Support column; 5. Installation beam; 6. Central beam; 7. Upper membrane; 8. Lower membrane; 9. Side column; 10. Side beam; 11. Side column; 12. Side beam; 13. Heating mechanism; 14. Main water supply pipe; 15. Main water return pipe; 16. Branch water supply pipe; 17. Branch water return pipe; 18. Heat exchange pipe; 19. Inlet water pipe; 20. Drain water pipe; 21. Inlet water pipe; 22. Outlet water pipe; 23. Vertical steel wire; 24. Horizontal steel wire; 25. Mounting frame; 26. Water inlet end; 27. Water outlet end; 28. Mounting cover; 29. ​​Fan motor; 30. Fan blade; 31. Finned tube; 32. Fixed cylinder; 33. Moving plate one; 34. Spring one; 35. Moving plate two; 36. Spring two; 37. Trigger; 38. Contact sensor; 39. Connecting rod; 40. Collar; 41. Hook; 42. Cover plate; 43. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a giant freshwater prawn farming shed includes an earthen pond 1, a mounting frame, a heating mechanism 13, and a heat exchange pipe 18.

[0024] A dividing embankment 2 is set in the middle of the earthen pond 1, which divides the earthen pond 1 into two aquaculture ponds 3 on the left and right for shrimp farming. The size of the aquaculture ponds 3 can be adjusted according to the actual farming needs.

[0025] The mounting frame serves as the support framework for the greenhouse, comprising support columns 4, a central beam 6, mounting beams 5, side columns 9, side beams 10, side columns 11, and side beams 12. Support columns 4 are vertically fixed above the dividing ridge 2, with multiple support columns 4 evenly distributed along the length of the dividing ridge 2. The central beam 6 is horizontally fixed to the top of all support columns 4. Mounting beams 5 are horizontally installed on the sides of the support columns 4, located below the central beam 6. Side columns 9 are vertically fixed above the edge of the earthen pond 1, located outside the aquaculture pond 3. Side columns 9 are symmetrically arranged with support columns 4, and side beams 10 are horizontally fixed to the top of side columns 9. Side columns 11 are vertically installed above the front and rear edges of the earthen pond 1. The two ends of side beams 12 are fixedly connected to the ends of the central beam 6 and side beams 10, respectively, forming the greenhouse frame. Both side columns 11 and side beams 12 are made of high-strength metal to enhance the frame's stability.

[0026] The upper film 7 is made of cold-resistant and tensile-resistant plastic film, and is laid on top of the side beams 10, central beam 6, and side beams 12. The middle part of the upper film 7 is fixed to the central beam 6, and the left and right ends of the upper film 7 wrap around the side beams 10 to form the top and upper protection of the greenhouse. The lower film 8 is also made of cold-resistant plastic film. One end is fixed to the mounting beam 5, and the other end wraps around the side beam 10 and extends downward and is fixed to the earthen pond 1. The lower film 8 is located below the upper film 7, and the two form a hollow heating and heat preservation cavity. End films are installed on the outside of the side pillars 11 on the front and rear sides of the earthen pond 1. The upper end of the end film is fixed to the side beam 12, and the lower end is fixed to the earthen pond 1. The front and rear ends of the upper film 7 wrap around the side beam 12, so that the front and rear ends of the upper film 7 are slidably connected to the side beam 12. The upper end of the end film covers the front and rear ends of the upper film 7, thereby blocking the gap between the two and forming a relatively closed breeding space inside the greenhouse. The upper film 7, lower film 8, end films, and mounting frames can be secured with adhesive ropes. The double-layer film structure reduces heat loss in the greenhouse by more than 45%, and keeps temperature fluctuations inside the greenhouse within ±3℃.

[0027] Several heating mechanisms 13 are evenly installed within the heating and insulation cavity formed between the upper film 7 and the lower film 8. The heating mechanisms 13 are arranged along the length of the greenhouse and are fixed to the lower part of the central beam 6 of the mounting frame via mounting frames 25. Each heating mechanism 13 has S-shaped finned tubes 31 and a fan installed on both sides of its mounting frame 25. The fan includes a fan motor 29, fan blades 30, and a mounting cover 28, which protects the fan motor 29 and fan blades 30. The finned tubes 31 of adjacent heating mechanisms 13 face opposite directions, resulting in opposite airflow directions, blowing towards both sides of the greenhouse to effectively heat the lower part of the entire upper film 7, thus meeting the overall snow removal requirements. Simultaneously, the hot air blown by the fans creates convection within the insulation cavity, improving heating uniformity. The heating mechanism 13 can melt 5cm of snow within 30 minutes, preventing the film from collapsing.

[0028] When it snows, some of the hot water enters the finned tube 31, and the fan starts to blow the heat from the finned tube 31 to the insulation cavity between the double membranes. The hot air raises the temperature at the bottom of the upper membrane 7, melting the snow on the membrane. At the same time, the air barrier of the double membranes achieves insulation.

[0029] Since the heating mechanism 13 relies on a fan to transfer heat, the reduced wind speed at the outer edges decreases heat transfer, potentially affecting the heating of the upper film 7. By setting the distance between the upper film 7 and the lower film 8 to gradually decrease from the center to both sides, the upper and lower films 7 and 8 are joined at the edge beam 10. The outer upper film 7 can maintain its temperature by relying on heat transferred from the lower film 8, effectively removing snow from outside the upper film 7. The gradually varying spacing of the double-layer film structure raises the temperature at the greenhouse edge area by more than 8°C, achieving uniform snow removal throughout the entire area. Simultaneously, this design allows for a greater inclination of the upper film 7, better guiding rainwater, snow, and melted snow to slide off, preventing their accumulation on the upper part of the upper film 7.

[0030] The greenhouse is approximately 105 meters long and 78 meters wide, with a total of 7 heating units installed to meet the overall heating and snow removal requirements.

[0031] A main water supply pipe 14 and a main return water pipe 15 are laid beside the earthen pond 1. The front end of the main water supply pipe 14 is connected to the water supply end of the hot water boiler, and the front end of the main return water pipe 15 is connected to the water return end of the hot water boiler. The hot water boiler is equipped with a circulating water pump, which heats the water to form a circulating water circuit. A water inlet pipe 19 is vertically connected to the main water supply pipe 14. The water inlet pipe 19 is connected to the water inlet end 26 of the finned tube 31 through the water inlet pipe 21. A water outlet pipe 20 is vertically connected to the main return water pipe 15. The water outlet pipe 20 is connected to the water outlet end 27 of the finned tube 31 through the water outlet pipe 22. The water inlet end 26 protrudes from the side of the mounting frame 25, and the water outlet end 27 protrudes from the bottom of the mounting frame 25, realizing the circulation of hot water in the finned tube 31. The S-shaped structure of the finned tube 31 increases the heat exchange area and improves the hot air generation efficiency. Control valves are installed on both the water inlet pipe 19 and the water outlet pipe 20.

[0032] Each aquaculture pond 3 is equipped with several heat exchange pipes 18 arranged in a serpentine pattern at the bottom of the pond to increase the contact area with the aquaculture water. A main water supply pipe 14 is horizontally connected to a branch water supply pipe 16 on its side, and a main return water pipe 15 is horizontally connected to a branch return water pipe 17 on its side. The inlet end of each heat exchange pipe 18 is connected to the branch water supply pipe 16, and the outlet end is connected to the branch return water pipe 17. As the hot water circulates within the heat exchange pipes 18, heat exchange achieves uniform temperature control within the aquaculture pond 3. Control valves are installed on both the branch water supply pipe 16 and the branch return water pipe 17. In winter, when temperatures are low, hot water is introduced into the main water supply pipe 14. This hot water enters the heat exchange pipes 18 within the aquaculture pond 3, where heat exchange heats the aquaculture water to a suitable temperature for shrimp growth. The cooled water after heat exchange flows back through the branch return water pipe 17 and the main return water pipe 15, is reheated, and then re-enters the circulation system, achieving continuous temperature control.

[0033] A support net is installed below the upper membrane 7 and the lower membrane 8 respectively. The support net is formed by welding several vertical steel wires 23 and horizontal steel wires 24 perpendicularly to each other to form a mesh structure. The edge of the support net located below the lower membrane 8 is fixed to the mounting beam 5 and the side beam 10 of the mounting frame; the edge of the support net located below the upper membrane 7 is fixed to the center beam 6, the side beam 10 and the side beam 12 of the mounting frame, so as to provide uniform support for the upper membrane 7 and the lower membrane 8 and prevent the membrane from sinking or breaking due to snow accumulation or strong wind.

[0034] Both the upper membrane 7 and the lower membrane 8 are made of PO anti-fog membrane, which has good light transmittance, cold resistance and tensile strength; the finned tube 31 is made of copper finned tube, which has high heat conduction efficiency; the steel wire of the support mesh is made of galvanized steel wire, which has good rust prevention and extends service life; the main water supply pipe 14, the main return water pipe 15 and each branch pipe are all made of PVC pipe, which is corrosion resistant and easy to install.

[0035] To prevent forgetting to turn on the heating mechanism 13 in advance to deal with snow accumulation before it snows, a triggering mechanism corresponding to the heating mechanism 13 is provided. The triggering mechanism can activate the heating mechanism 13 when a certain amount of snow accumulates on the upper membrane 7.

[0036] The triggering mechanism includes a fixed cylinder 32 installed in the earthen pond 1. Inside the fixed cylinder 32 are a first movable plate 33 and a second movable plate 35. The second movable plate 35 is located above the first movable plate 33. A first spring 34 is installed below the first movable plate 33, with one end connected to the bottom of the first movable plate 33 and the other end connected to the bottom of the fixed cylinder 32. A second spring 36 is located between the first movable plate 33 and the second movable plate 35, with one end connected to the bottom surface of the second movable plate 35 and the other end connected to the top surface of the first movable plate 33. A connecting rod 39 is connected to the upper end of the second movable plate 35, and a collar 40 is connected to the upper end of the connecting rod 39. A hook 41 is installed at the end of the hanging portion of the upper membrane 7 that wraps around the side beam. The hook 41 passes through the collar 40, thereby connecting the upper membrane 7 to the triggering mechanism. The side beam 10 facing the upper membrane 7 has a smooth rounded corner structure to reduce sliding friction. A trigger 37 is installed at the lower part of the movable plate 33, and a contact sensor 38 is installed at the bottom of the fixed cylinder 32. A PLC controller is set up and connected to the contact sensor 38 to receive the signal from the contact sensor 38. The control valves installed on the water inlet pipe 19 and the water outlet pipe 20 are solenoid valves. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the solenoid valves and controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valves through the PLC controller. The PLC controller is also electrically connected to the fan motor 29.

[0037] Under normal conditions, trigger 37 is in contact with contact sensor 38, and heating mechanism 13 is in a stopped state. When snow begins to accumulate on the upper membrane 7 located between the central beam 6 and the side beam 10, the upper membrane 7 bends downwards due to the weight of the snow. Since the upper membrane 7 is fixedly connected to the central beam 6, the end of the upper membrane 7 rises. This rise causes spring 34 to extend, disengaging trigger 37 from contact sensor 38, thus prompting contact sensor 38 to send a signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller then controls the solenoid valve to open and the fan motor 29 to run, providing hot air to heat the upper membrane 7 and melt the snow. Once the snow has disappeared, spring 34 pulls the end of the upper membrane 7 back to its original position, and trigger 37 re-engages with contact sensor 38.

[0038] The upper membrane 7 may rise at its end due to wind. To prevent the heating mechanism 13 from activating in this situation, springs 34 and 36 are provided to cooperate. The stiffness coefficient of spring 34 is 1.4-1.8 times that of spring 36, and spring 36 is more easily stretched than spring 34. When the upper membrane 7 rises at its end due to wind, the rise distance is small, causing only spring 36 to extend, but not spring 34, thus preventing the trigger 37 from disengaging from the contact sensor 38. However, when the trigger 37 rises at its end due to snow accumulation, the rise distance is larger, causing both spring 2 and spring 34 to extend, thus causing the trigger 37 to disengage from the contact sensor 38.

[0039] Each heating mechanism 13 corresponds to at least two triggering mechanisms to reduce false triggering.

[0040] Water from melting snow flows down the upper membrane 7 and reaches the location of the fixed cylinder 32. To prevent this water from affecting the triggering mechanism, a cover plate 42 is installed on top of the fixed cylinder 32. The diameter of the cover plate 42 is larger than that of the fixed cylinder 32, thus covering the upper opening of the fixed cylinder 32. A sealing ring 43 is installed on the cover plate 42, and the connecting rod 39 passes through the sealing ring 43. The sealing ring 43 achieves a seal between the cover plate 42 and the connecting rod 39, preventing water from entering through the gap between them.

[0041] The upper surface of the cover plate 42 is designed with a high middle section and a low outer perimeter, allowing water to flow out of the area where the fixed cylinder 32 is located along the upper surface of the cover plate 42.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A greenhouse for raising giant freshwater prawns, characterized in that, The system includes an installation frame installed on a pond (1); an upper membrane (7) is laid on the top of the installation frame, and a lower membrane (8) is installed on the installation frame. The lower membrane (8) is located below the upper membrane (7). End membranes are installed on the front and rear sides of the installation frame. The upper membrane (7), the lower membrane (8), and the end membranes enclose a breeding space. Several heating mechanisms (13) are installed between the upper membrane (7) and the lower membrane (8). The heating mechanisms (13) are fixedly installed on the installation frame. The heating mechanism (13) includes an installation frame (25). Finned tubes (31) and fans are installed on the left and right sides of the installation frame (25), respectively. The system also includes a water supply main pipe (14) and a return water main pipe (15). The finned tubes (31) are connected to the water supply main pipe (14) and the return water main pipe (15).

2. The giant freshwater prawn farming greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet directions of the two adjacent heating mechanisms (13) are opposite, respectively facing the left and right sides of the greenhouse.

3. The giant freshwater prawn farming greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The finned tube (31) is fixedly installed in the mounting frame (25) in an S-shape. The finned tube (31) includes an inlet end (26) and an outlet end (27). The inlet end (26) is provided through the side of the mounting frame (25), and the outlet end (27) is provided through the bottom of the mounting frame (25). A water supply pipe (19) is connected to the water supply main pipe (14). A water inlet pipe (21) is connected between the water supply pipe (19) and the inlet end (26). A water return main pipe (15) is connected to the water drain pipe (20). A water outlet pipe (22) is connected between the water drain pipe (20) and the outlet end (27).

4. The giant freshwater prawn farming greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two support nets are installed on the mounting frame, and the two support nets are respectively located below the upper membrane (7) and below the lower membrane (8).

5. The giant freshwater prawn farming greenhouse according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support mesh includes several vertical steel wires (23) and horizontal steel wires (24), which are perpendicular to each other.

6. The giant freshwater prawn farming greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting frame includes a support column (4), a central beam (6), a mounting beam (5), a side column (9), and a side beam (10). The support column (4) is vertically installed above the partition embankment (2). The central beam (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the support column (4). The mounting beam (5) is installed on the side of the support column (4). The earthen pond (1) includes a middle partition embankment (2). A breeding pond (3) is set on each side of the partition embankment (2). The side column (9) is vertically installed above the earthen pond (1) and located outside the breeding pond (3). The side beam (10) is installed at the top of the side column (9). The upper membrane (7) is laid on the upper part of the side beam (10) and the central beam (6). One end of the lower membrane (8) is fixed to the mounting beam (5), and the other end is set around the side beam (10).

7. The giant freshwater prawn farming greenhouse according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting frame also includes side columns (11) and side beams (12). The side columns (11) are located on the front and rear sides above the earthen pond (1). The upper membrane (7) is installed on the top of the side columns (11). The two ends of the side beams (12) are connected to the central beam (6) and the side beams (10) respectively. The end membrane is installed on the outside of the side columns (11).

8. The giant freshwater prawn farming greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan includes a fan motor (29), fan blades (30) and a mounting cover (28). The mounting cover (28) is located outside the fan motor (29). The fan motor (29) drives the fan blades (30), which face the finned tube (31).

9. The giant freshwater prawn farming greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the upper membrane (7) and the lower membrane (8) is set to gradually decrease from the middle to both sides, and the upper membrane (7) and the lower membrane (8) are bonded at the side beam (10).

10. A greenhouse for raising giant freshwater prawns according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aquaculture pond (3) is equipped with a heat exchange pipe (18), the side of the main water supply pipe (14) is connected to a water supply branch pipe (16), the side of the main return water pipe (15) is connected to a return water branch pipe (17), and the two ends of the heat exchange pipe (18) are respectively connected to the water supply branch pipe (16) and the return water branch pipe (17).

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