A device for precise intraoperative tumor tissue sampling in glioma surgery

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a device for precise sampling of tumor tissue during glioma surgery. The device includes a clamp body with a fixed part and a movable part symmetrically hinged to it. A push rod assembly for transmitting pushing force is fixedly connected to one end of the movable part. A piston assembly is provided on the push rod assembly, and a hollow guide rod is fixedly connected to the piston assembly. A movable clamp jaw is hinged to the outer wall of the guide rod. A fixed clamp jaw is fixedly connected to the end of the clamp body away from the fixed part. A bellows is connected to the output end of the piston assembly, and a puncture needle is connected to the end of the bellows away from the piston assembly. The outer wall of the bellows is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide rod. The puncture needle is located between the fixed clamp jaw and the movable clamp jaw. Several barbs are fixedly connected to the needle tip of the puncture needle. This invention achieves integrated precise sampling during glioma surgery by controlling the synchronous retraction of the puncture needle and the coordinated closure of the sampling clamp jaws through a single pressing operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a device for precise sampling of tumor tissue during glioma surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Gliomas are the most common primary malignant intracranial tumors originating from glial cells in the brain. They have typical invasive growth characteristics, with indistinct boundaries between the tumor and normal brain tissue. The disease progresses rapidly and has a high mortality rate. The 5-year mortality rate is second only to pancreatic cancer and lung cancer among all cancers. Clinical treatment mainly involves surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In glioma resection surgery, accurate tumor tissue sampling is a crucial step in clinical diagnosis and treatment. On the one hand, tumor samples obtained intraoperatively provide core evidence for rapid intraoperative pathological diagnosis and molecular subtyping. In particular, very early-stage low-grade gliomas are easily confused with glial cell proliferation morphologically, requiring high-quality tumor samples to complete the detection of key molecular targets such as IDH. The concentration and integrity of the sample directly affect the accuracy of molecular diagnosis. Only when a certain sample concentration is reached can 100% detection accuracy be achieved, thereby avoiding misdiagnosis and guiding intraoperative surgical decisions. On the other hand, accurate intraoperative sampling can verify the tumor enhancement core area indicated by imaging, ensuring that the obtained sample can accurately represent the tumor target area, providing reliable pathological and molecular evidence for determining the tumor pathological grade, delineating the intraoperative resection range, and formulating individualized comprehensive postoperative treatment plans.

[0003] Currently, mainstream sampling tools can be broadly categorized into two types: aspiration needles and tumor retrieval forceps. Aspiration needles are suitable for obtaining small samples from deep tissues, but in gliomas with heterogeneous textures, relying solely on negative pressure aspiration can easily lead to tissue breakage, needle duct blockage, or only obtaining necrotic or non-representative tissue. Tumor retrieval forceps, such as the microsurgical tissue cutting forceps from Texas Lanso Medical Devices Co., Ltd., are prone to tissue compression damage and cellular structure destruction when grasping soft and fragile brain tumor tissue due to a lack of stable and cushioning design. Furthermore, tissue slippage during the retrieval process can cause the sampling position to deviate from the intended target point. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a tumor tissue sampling device that can achieve fixed and precise sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a device for precise sampling of tumor tissue during glioma surgery. By using a single pressing operation to control the synchronous retraction of the puncture needle and the coordinated closure of the sampling forceps, integrated and precise sampling is achieved during glioma surgery.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a device for precise sampling of tumor tissue during glioma surgery, comprising a clamp body, a fixed part and a movable part symmetrically hinged on the clamp body, a push rod assembly for transmitting pushing force fixedly connected to one end of the movable part, a piston assembly provided on the push rod assembly, a hollow guide rod fixedly connected to the piston assembly, a movable clamp mouth hinged to the outer wall of the guide rod, a fixed clamp mouth fixedly connected to one end of the clamp body away from the fixed part, and the push rod assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the movable clamp mouth;

[0006] The output end of the piston assembly is connected to a bellows, and the end of the bellows away from the piston assembly is connected to a puncture needle. The outer wall of the bellows is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide rod. The puncture needle is located between the fixed jaw and the movable jaw. Several barbs are fixedly connected to the needle tip of the puncture needle. The piston assembly is used to drive the guide rod to move and realize the opening and closing of the movable jaw.

[0007] The technical principles of the above solution are as follows:

[0008] Initially, the operator opens the movable jaws by pressing the movable part. Once the puncture needle enters the tumor tissue, releasing the movable part drives the push rod assembly backward. The push rod assembly moves the piston assembly, which in turn drives the guide rod, which is fixedly connected to it, to move backward. The movement of the guide rod controls the rotation of the movable jaws, hinged to its outer wall, around the hinge point, thus closing with the fixed jaws. Simultaneously, as the piston assembly moves, its internal pressure changes are transmitted to the puncture needle through a bellows connected to it. Driven by the bellows, the puncture needle slides along the guide rod, achieving synchronous insertion and withdrawal during the opening and closing of the movable jaws. Furthermore, the piston assembly, through internal negative pressure changes, draws the sample into its interior via the puncture needle, enabling the piston assembly to collect tumor samples. In addition, the engagement of the movable and fixed jaws not only stabilizes the puncture needle for sample collection but also allows for the acquisition of samples at the clamping site by holding the tumor tissue.

[0009] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. This solution uses the linkage of the push rod assembly and piston assembly to drive the guide rod movement, simultaneously realizing the sliding of the puncture needle and the opening and closing of the movable jaw. The piston assembly can use internal pressure changes to collect samples through the negative pressure of the puncture needle. When the movable jaw and the fixed jaw are closed, they can clamp the collected sample, realizing dual-mode sampling of negative pressure aspiration and mechanical clamping. This can obtain a sufficient amount of tumor tissue samples and improve the reliability of sample supply.

[0011] 2. In this design, the puncture needle slides along the guide rod, and its movement trajectory is strictly constrained by the guide rod. It always stays between the fixed jaw and the movable jaw, effectively preventing the puncture needle from deviating during the puncture process and ensuring the accuracy of target puncture. At the same time, the withdrawal of the puncture needle and the clamping action of the jaw are performed simultaneously, which can avoid excessive insertion or prolonged retention of the puncture needle, which may cause additional damage to the surrounding normal brain tissue. It can also reduce the displacement and slippage of tumor tissue caused by instrument operation, thereby improving the safety of the sampling process and the representativeness of the target sample.

[0012] 3. This solution allows for coordinated multi-action operation simply by pressing and releasing the movable part, eliminating the need to individually control each component. This simplifies the sampling procedure during surgery, reduces the difficulty of operation in minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures, and improves the smoothness and efficiency of the sampling operation.

[0013] Furthermore, the push rod assembly includes a push rod fixedly connected to the movable part, the push rod being slidably connected inside the clamp body, and the end of the push rod away from the movable part being fixedly connected to the piston assembly.

[0014] Beneficial effect: The push rod converts the opening and closing rotation of the movable part into its own linear motion, and directly drives the piston assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, the piston assembly includes a piston cylinder and a piston plate. The piston cylinder is fixedly connected inside the clamp body, the piston plate is slidably connected inside the piston cylinder, and the push rod extends into the piston cylinder and is fixedly connected to the piston plate.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The linear sliding of the piston plate within the piston cylinder provides power for the suction function of the puncture needle, while the reciprocating motion of the piston plate within the piston cylinder is also the direct power source for driving the guide rod.

[0017] Furthermore, both the movable and fixed jaws have sampling slots.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The collection slot provides space for the tissue sample to be collected, and can wrap the sample after being held by the movable and fixed jaws, preventing the tumor tissue from being excessively squeezed and deformed, which is conducive to obtaining a more complete sample block.

[0019] Furthermore, fine teeth are provided on the clamping surfaces of both the movable and fixed jaws.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The fine teeth increase the friction between the gripping surfaces of the moving and fixed jaws and the soft, slippery glioma tissue, preventing tissue slippage during gripping and removal.

[0021] Furthermore, silicone strips are provided along the edges of the collection slots.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The silicone strip can reduce mechanical damage to tissue samples, prevent tissue breakage, and prevent tissue fragments from spilling out from the edges of the moving and fixed jaws.

[0023] Furthermore, both the fixed part and the movable part are equipped with limit rods, and the limit rods are hinged to each other.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The limiting rod can control the final closing force of the forceps, preventing the tissue sample from being excessively crushed due to the surgeon releasing the moving part too quickly and the resetting force being too strong, thus ensuring the integrity of the sample's cellular structure.

[0025] Furthermore, both the fixed and movable parts are provided with anti-slip textures.

[0026] Beneficial effects: The anti-slip texture directly increases the friction when the operator holds the forceps, ensuring the stability of the puncture path and operating posture throughout the sampling process.

[0027] Furthermore, the clamp body is equipped with a transparent window, and the push rod located in the transparent window has scale markings.

[0028] Beneficial effects: The operator can observe the insertion depth and retraction distance of the puncture needle through the scale markings in the transparent window, achieving visualized and precise puncture.

[0029] Furthermore, a one-way valve is provided at the connection between the piston cylinder and the bellows.

[0030] Beneficial effects: The one-way valve can prevent the sample that has been aspirated into the piston cylinder from being pushed back into the patient's body, ensuring the reliability of sample collection and the safety of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is an isometric schematic diagram of an embodiment of the glioma intraoperative tumor tissue precision sampling device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a frontal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the movable and fixed parts of an embodiment of the glioma intraoperative tumor tissue precise sampling device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the forceps body in an embodiment of the precise tumor tissue sampling device for glioma surgery of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is an isometric schematic diagram of the piston assembly in an embodiment of the glioma intraoperative tumor tissue precision sampling device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6This is an isometric view of the needle tip in an embodiment of the glioma intraoperative tumor tissue precise sampling device of the present invention.

[0037] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Fixed part; 2. Limiting rod; 3. Movable part; 4. Push rod; 5. Transparent window; 6. Pliers body; 7. Movable jaws; 8. Puncture needle; 9. Fixed jaws; 10. Piston plate; 11. Guide rod; 12. Bellows; 13. Collection groove; 14. Piston cylinder; 15. Barb. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0042] Example:

[0043] In neurosurgery, especially in the resection of gliomas, accurate sampling of tumor tissue is a crucial prerequisite for subsequent pathological diagnosis, molecular subtyping, and guiding individualized treatment. However, traditional sampling tools, such as ordinary tissue forceps or suction devices, are prone to displacement, slippage, or compression damage of the target tissue during operation due to the soft and elastic texture of brain tissue and the often indistinct boundaries of the tumor. This results in samples that do not accurately represent the intended target area, affecting the accuracy of diagnosis.

[0044] To address the aforementioned issues, this solution proposes the following: Figures 1 to 6 The device shown is a precise tumor tissue sampling device during glioma surgery, including a clamp body 6. The clamp body 6 is symmetrically hinged with a fixed part 1 and a movable part 3. Both the fixed part 1 and the movable part 3 are provided with limiting rods 2, which are hinged to each other. Both the fixed part 1 and the movable part 3 are provided with anti-slip textures.

[0045] One end of the moving part 3 is fixedly connected to a push rod assembly for transmitting pushing force, such as Figure 3 As shown, the push rod assembly includes a push rod 4 fixedly connected to the movable part 3, the push rod 4 being slidably connected inside the clamp body 6, the clamp body 6 being provided with a transparent window 5, and the push rod 4 being provided with scale markings at the part of the transparent window 5.

[0046] A piston assembly is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod 4 away from the movable part 3, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the piston assembly includes a piston cylinder 14 and a piston plate 10. The piston cylinder 14 is fixedly connected inside the clamp body 6, and the piston plate 10 is slidably connected inside the piston cylinder 14. The push rod 4 extends into the piston cylinder 14 and is fixedly connected to the piston plate 10. A hollow guide rod 11 is fixedly connected to the side of the piston plate 10 away from the push rod 4. A movable jaw 7 is hinged to the outer wall of the guide rod 11. A fixed jaw 9 is fixedly connected to the end of the clamp body 6 away from the fixed part 1. Figure 2 As shown, the push rod assembly is used to control the opening and closing of the movable jaw 7;

[0047] The output end of piston cylinder 14 is connected to bellows 12 (see...) Figure 4 A one-way valve is provided at the connection between the piston cylinder 14 and the bellows 12. A puncture needle 8 is connected to the end of the bellows 12 away from the piston cylinder 14. The outer wall of the bellows 12 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide rod 11. The puncture needle 8 is located between the fixed jaw 9 and the movable jaw 7. Several barbs 15 are fixedly connected to the needle tip of the puncture needle 8, such as... Figure 6 As shown.

[0048] Both the movable jaw 7 and the fixed jaw 9 have a collection groove 13 inside, and the edges of the collection groove 13 are provided with silicone strips. Fine teeth are provided on the clamping surfaces of both the movable jaw 7 and the fixed jaw 9.

[0049] In a neurosurgical procedure, a surgeon discovers a poorly defined frontal lobe glioma under a microscope and needs to obtain a high-quality, viable sample from its imaging-supported core area. The surgeon holds forceps 6. At this time, the movable part 3 has an elastic element inside. Under the action of the elastic element, the surgeon presses the movable part 3. At this point, the piston plate 10 is positioned at the left end of the piston cylinder 14 (within the left end of the piston cylinder 14). Figure 4 Taking the direction as an example, the guide rod 11 is pushed to open the movable jaw 7, so that the movable jaw 7 and the fixed jaw 9 are in an open state. The guide rod 11 drives the bellows 12 to extend, which in turn pushes the puncture needle 8 beyond the position of the movable jaw 7 and the fixed jaw 9. The operator first holds the clamp body 6 and uses the anti-slip texture on the fixed part 1 and the movable part 3 to maintain a stable grip and avoid the puncture path from sliding or deviating during the operation. Then, the fixed jaw 9 and the movable jaw 7 are aligned with the suspicious tumor tissue area under the microscope to ensure that the puncture needle 8 can be aligned with the target sampling point. During this process, the operator observes the scale markings on the push rod 4 in real time through the transparent window 5 to accurately control the insertion depth of the puncture needle 8.

[0050] After the puncture needle 8 is inserted, the barb 15 is located inside the tumor tissue, serving to fix the puncture needle 8. The operator begins to release the movable part 3, which rotates around the hinge point with the clamp body 6, causing the push rod 4 to retract backward. The push rod 4 causes the piston plate 10 to retract backward synchronously within the piston cylinder 14, creating a negative pressure inside the piston cylinder 14. At this time, the negative pressure is transmitted to the puncture needle 8 through the bellows 12, and the puncture needle 8 draws in a small amount of tumor tissue sample. The sample enters the piston cylinder 14 through the bellows 12 to complete the initial collection. During the withdrawal of the puncture needle 8, the barb 15 assists in fixing the tumor tissue from the inside. Simultaneously, outside the tumor tissue, when the piston plate 10 retracts backward, it pulls the guide rod 11 to retract backward synchronously. The movable jaw 7, hinged to the outer wall of the guide rod 11, rotates around the hinge point toward the fixed jaw 9 under the retraction force of the guide rod 11, gradually closing. At this time, the movable jaw 7 and the fixed jaw 9 can clamp the tumor tissue when the puncture needle 8 aspirates the tissue sample. Both the movable jaw 7 and the fixed jaw 9 have fine teeth on their clamping surfaces. The fine teeth can increase the friction with the tumor tissue and prevent the glioma from sliding or falling off during clamping. At the same time, the collection groove 13 can embed the clamped tumor tissue into it. The silicone strip set at the edge of the collection groove 13 can fit tightly against the surface of the tumor tissue to prevent tissue fragments from falling off and also to avoid excessive clamping force that could cause tissue breakage, thus achieving stable clamping and initial collection of the sample.

[0051] As the movable jaw 7 and the fixed jaw 9 continue to close, the guide rod 11 continues to retract, causing the internal bellows 12 to contract synchronously. The bellows 12 pulls the puncture needle 8 backward along the guide rod 11, gradually withdrawing it from the tumor tissue. This prevents the puncture needle 8 from remaining in the tumor tissue for an extended period, thus avoiding further damage and preventing tissue damage caused by excessive insertion of the puncture needle 8. When the movable jaw 7 and the fixed jaw 9 are fully closed, the puncture needle 8 retracts between the movable jaw 7 and the fixed jaw 9. Simultaneously, after the tumor tissue is firmly clamped by the movable jaw 7 and the fixed jaw 9, the limiting rods 2, which are symmetrically hinged on the fixed part 1 and the movable part 3, limit the excessive rotation of the movable part 3, preventing the tumor tissue from breaking due to an excessively large hinge angle between the fixed part 1 and the movable part 3, while maintaining the clamped state to ensure sample stability. Subsequently, the operator holds the clamp body 6 and slowly removes the clamp body 6 from the patient's skull. During the removal process, the anti-slip texture ensures the operator's stable grip, preventing shaking that could cause the sample to fall out or become contaminated.

[0052] After the forceps 6 is removed, the surgeon presses the movable part 3 to separate the movable jaw 7 from the fixed jaw 9, and takes out the clamped tumor tissue sample from the collection slot 13. At the same time, during the separation process, the piston plate 10 in the piston cylinder 14 squeezes again, squeezing the sample out of the piston cylinder 14. The two samples are sent to the intraoperative pathological test to ensure that the sample volume is sufficient and to provide reliable support for pathological diagnosis.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for precise intraoperative tumor tissue sampling in glioma surgery, comprising a clamp (6), characterized in that, The clamp body (6) is symmetrically hinged with a fixed part (1) and a movable part (3). One end of the movable part (3) is fixedly connected to a push rod assembly for transmitting pushing force. The push rod assembly is provided with a piston assembly. A hollow guide rod (11) is fixedly connected to the piston assembly. A movable jaw (7) is hinged to the outer wall of the guide rod (11). A fixed jaw (9) is fixedly connected to the end of the clamp body (6) away from the fixed part (1). The push rod assembly is used to control the opening and closing of the movable jaw (7). The output end of the piston assembly is connected to a bellows (12), and the end of the bellows (12) away from the piston assembly is connected to a puncture needle (8). The outer wall of the bellows (12) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide rod (11). The puncture needle (8) is located between the fixed jaw (9) and the movable jaw (7). Several barbs (15) are fixedly connected to the needle opening of the puncture needle (8). The piston assembly is used to drive the guide rod (11) to move and realize the opening and closing of the movable jaw (7).

2. The device for precise intraoperative tumor tissue sampling in glioma surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push rod assembly includes a push rod (4) fixedly connected to the movable part (3), the push rod (4) being slidably connected inside the clamp body (6), and the end of the push rod (4) away from the movable part (3) being fixedly connected to the piston assembly.

3. The device for precise intraoperative tumor tissue sampling in glioma surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piston assembly includes a piston cylinder (14) and a piston plate (10). The piston cylinder (14) is fixedly connected to the inside of the clamp body (6), and the piston plate (10) is slidably connected to the inside of the piston cylinder (14). The push rod (4) extends into the inside of the piston cylinder (14) and is fixedly connected to the piston plate (10).

4. The device for precise intraoperative tumor tissue sampling in glioma surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the movable jaw (7) and the fixed jaw (9) have a collection slot (13).

5. The device for precise intraoperative tumor tissue sampling in glioma surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that, Fine teeth are provided on the clamping surfaces of both the movable jaw (7) and the fixed jaw (9).

6. The device for precise intraoperative tumor tissue sampling in glioma surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that, Silicone strips are provided on the edges of the collection slot (13).

7. The device for precise intraoperative tumor tissue sampling in glioma surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the fixed part (1) and the movable part (3) are provided with limit rods (2), and the limit rods (2) are hinged to each other.

8. The device for precise intraoperative tumor tissue sampling in glioma surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both the fixed part (1) and the movable part (3) are provided with anti-slip texture.

9. The device for precise intraoperative tumor tissue sampling in glioma surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The clamp body (6) is provided with a transparent window (5), and the push rod (4) is provided with scale markings at the part of the transparent window (5).

10. The device for precise intraoperative tumor tissue sampling in glioma surgery according to claim 9, characterized in that, A one-way valve is provided at the connection between the piston cylinder (14) and the bellows (12).

Images