Rapid cooling foam fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a rapid cooling foam fire extinguishing agent and its preparation method, belonging to the field of fire protection technology. The fire extinguishing agent is composed of 5-10% aminosilane modified silica nanostructure foaming substrate, 3-8% composite modified plant protein foaming agent, 2-5% phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite anti-alcohol and flame retardant synergist, 0.5-2% multi-level network foam stabilizer, 1-3% low temperature antifreeze agent, and the balance deionized water by weight percentage. The nanomaterials are synthesized using a mechanochemical method, with a framework pore size of 50-100 nm and a specific surface area of ​​1000-1500 m² / g. The weight ratio of silicon source to modifier is 10:1-3. The plant protein foaming agent is modified from soybean / pea protein with a specific ratio of composite modifier, achieving a foaming ratio of ≥15 times. The synergist and stabilizer are compounded in optimized proportions, and the antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol or propylene glycol. This invention forms a synergistic system that combines rapid cooling, solvent resistance, flame retardancy, and stable coverage. It is suitable for various complex fire scenarios, environmentally friendly, and has strong low-temperature adaptability. The preparation process is controllable, and it has good industrial application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire protection technology, and in particular to a rapid cooling foam extinguishing agent and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Foam extinguishing agents, as a core material in the fire protection field, extinguish fires by forming stable foam that covers the surface of burning materials, thus isolating oxygen and cooling the fire. With the rapid development of the new energy and chemical industries, fire scenarios are becoming increasingly complex, and existing foam extinguishing agents have revealed numerous technical bottlenecks. First, the synergy between solvent resistance and rapid cooling is insufficient. Although existing fluorine-free solvent-resistant foam fire extinguishing agents have solvent resistance properties, they rely on carboxyl-modified organosilicon surfactants, resulting in a slow cooling rate. The temperature drop within 10 seconds is less than 500°C, making it difficult to cope with fires caused by rapid temperature increases, such as those involving thermal runaway of power batteries. While some plant-based fire extinguishing agents cool down faster, they lack a clear solvent resistance design, making them prone to foam breakage and ineffective in polar solvent fires.

[0003] Secondly, the response to thermal runaway of power batteries is poorly targeted. Existing nano-modified foam fire extinguishing agents use silane-modified nano-silica and biosurfactants, but the nanoparticles lack specific pore size and specific surface area design, making it difficult to penetrate into the battery pack and effectively suppress the spread of thermal runaway in the cells. Although microcapsule fire extinguishing systems are suitable for battery scenarios, they are solid encapsulations and lack the full coverage capability of foam.

[0004] Third, it is difficult to balance environmental protection and safety. Traditional fluorinated foam fire extinguishing agents have low biodegradability (usually <30%), polluting the environment; while existing fluorine-free foams are environmentally friendly, their foam half-life is short (mostly within 25 minutes), resulting in a high risk of reignition; at the same time, most fire extinguishing agents are not optimized for high-voltage live scenarios, and the leakage current exceeds the standard for 36kV live fire extinguishing, making them unsuitable for fires involving electrical equipment.

[0005] Fourth, the preparation process has limitations. Existing silicone-based foams are mostly prepared using sol-gel methods, which are prone to particle agglomeration and do not combine the high-efficiency synthesis advantages of mechanochemical methods.

[0006] Therefore, a rapid cooling foam fire extinguishing agent and its preparation method are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a rapid cooling foam fire extinguishing agent and its preparation method.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a rapid cooling foam fire extinguishing agent, which, by weight percentage, is composed of the following components: 5-10% aminosilane modified silica nanostructure foaming substrate, 3-8% composite modified plant protein foaming agent, 2-5% phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite anti-alcohol and flame retardant synergist, 0.5-2% multi-level network foam stabilizer, 1-3% low-temperature antifreeze agent, and the balance being deionized water; The aminosilane-modified silica nanostructure foaming substrate is synthesized by a mechanochemical method, with a framework pore size of 50-100 nm and a specific surface area of ​​1000-1500 m² / g. The aminosilane modifier is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and the weight ratio of silicon source to aminosilane modifier is 10:1-3. The composite modified plant protein foaming agent is prepared by modifying soybean protein or pea protein with a composite modifier (urea and sodium sulfite weight ratio of 1:0.5-1.5), with a foaming ratio of ≥15 times. During the modification process, the weight ratio of plant protein to composite modifier is 10:0.8-1.2, and the solid-liquid ratio is 1:5-8. The compound weight ratio of the phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist is 3:1-2, wherein the fluorocarbon surfactant is potassium perfluorooctyl sulfonate or perfluorohexyl betaine, and the amount added is 20-30% of the total weight of the solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist; The multi-level network foam stabilizer is a compound of xanthan gum and polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide block copolymer in a weight ratio of 2:1; The low-temperature antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the weight percentages of each component are as follows: 7-8% aminosilane modified silica nanostructure foaming substrate, 4-6% composite modified plant protein foaming agent, 3-4% phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist, 1-1.5% multi-level network foam stabilizer, 1.5-2.5% low-temperature antifreeze agent, and the balance being deionized water.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pore size of the aminosilane-modified silicone nanostructure foaming substrate is 80-90 nm, and the specific surface area is 1200-1400 m² / g.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of urea to sodium sulfite in the composite modifier is 1:1, and the weight ratio of plant protein to the composite modifier is 10:1.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compound weight ratio of the phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist is 3:1.5, and the amount of fluorocarbon surfactant added is 25% of the total weight of the solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist.

[0013] Another technical solution adopted in this invention is a method for preparing a rapid cooling foam fire extinguishing agent, used to prepare the fire extinguishing agent described above, specifically including the following steps: S1. Preparation of aminosilane-modified silicone nanostructured foamed substrate: A silicon source and an aminosilane modifier are mixed at a weight ratio of 10:1-3, wherein the silicon source is tetraethyl orthosilicate or sodium silicate. The mixture is added to a ball mill jar and subjected to a mechanochemical reaction at 200-300℃ and 1500-2000r / min for 2-4 hours. After air jet milling and classification screening, a modified silicone nanostructured foamed substrate with a framework pore size of 50-100nm and a specific surface area of ​​1000-1500m² / g is obtained. S2. Preparation of composite modified plant protein foaming agent: Mix plant protein and composite modifier at a weight ratio of 10:0.8-1.2, add deionized water to adjust the solid-liquid ratio to 1:5-8, stir at 300-500 r / min for 1-2 hours at 50-70℃, and spray dry at an inlet air temperature of 180-200℃ and an outlet air temperature of 80-90℃ to obtain composite modified plant protein foaming agent; S3. Preparation of pre-foamed base liquid: Heat deionized water to 30-40℃, add the modified silica nanostructure foaming substrate prepared in step S1 and the composite modified plant protein foaming agent obtained in step S2, stir at 500-800r / min for 30-60 minutes, and then ultrasonically disperse at 300-500W power for 15-20 minutes to form a uniformly dispersed pre-foamed base liquid; S4. Gradient composite of solvent-resistant and flame-retardant system: Add phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist to the pre-foaming base liquid, heat to 40-50℃, and stir at 800-1200r / min for 40-60 minutes to achieve molecular-level synergistic composite of solvent-resistant components and foaming base liquid. S5. Add stabilizers and antifreeze in steps: First, add the multi-level network foam stabilizer, which is a mixture of xanthan gum and polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide block copolymer at a weight ratio of 2:1. Keep the temperature at 40-50℃ and stir for 20-30 minutes. Then add the low-temperature antifreeze and continue stirring for 10-15 minutes to make the system fully compatible. S6. High-pressure homogenization optimization: Homogenize the composite liquid 2-3 times under 20-30MPa pressure, with each homogenization time being 5-10 minutes, to refine the droplet size to ≤500nm, eliminate bubbles and improve the stability of the system. S7. Concentration and concentration calibration: Concentrate the homogenized compound solution under reduced pressure at 60-70℃ to a concentrate with an effective ingredient content of 20-30%. After cooling to room temperature, dilute with deionized water according to the usage requirements to an effective ingredient content of 5-8% to obtain the finished product.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mechanochemical reaction temperature in step S1 is 250°C, the rotation speed is 1800 r / min, and the reaction time is 3 hours.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic dispersion power in step S3 is 400W and the time is 18 minutes; the homogenization pressure in step S6 is 25MPa and the homogenization time is 8 minutes each time.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the effective ingredient content after concentration in step S7 is 25%, and the effective ingredient content after dilution is 6%.

[0017] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention uses aminosilane-modified silica nanomaterials with specific parameters as the core, combined with phosphate ester-fluorocarbon composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergists, multi-level network foam stabilizers and composite modified plant protein foaming agents to form a three-in-one foam system of "rapid cooling-solvent-flame retardant-stable coverage". The high-efficiency heat absorption characteristics of aminosilane-modified silica nanomaterials (50-100nm pore size, 1000-1500m² / g specific surface area), combined with the optimized compounding ratio of phosphate ester and fluorocarbon surfactant 3:1-2, can not only quickly extinguish high-temperature fires, but also resist the corrosion of polar solvents; the combination of multi-level network stabilizers (xanthan gum and block copolymer compounded in 2:1) and high foaming ratio plant protein foaming agents can significantly extend the foam half-life and block the oxygen supply, fundamentally solving the difficulties of slow cooling, weak solvent resistance and easy re-ignition of existing fire extinguishing agents.

[0018] (2) This invention uses natural plant protein as raw material and prepares foaming agent by urea-sodium sulfite composite modification. It is combined with solvent-resistant and stabilizing components without harmful residues to ensure that the product is non-toxic and non-irritating with excellent biodegradability. It can be safely applied to closed public life scenarios such as carriages and indoor warehouses, avoiding the environmental risks of traditional fluorine-containing fire extinguishing agents. At the same time, by compounding 1-3% ethylene glycol / propylene glycol antifreeze agent and combining the low temperature stability design of each component, the product can still maintain excellent performance in a low temperature environment of -20℃. It can take into account a variety of complex fire scenarios such as high voltage, polar solvents, high temperature runaway, and low temperature outdoor. Its adaptability is far greater than that of existing single-function fire extinguishing agents.

[0019] (3) This invention uses a mechanochemical method to prepare nano-substrate, combined with precise processes such as spray drying and high-pressure homogenization. By clarifying key conditions such as silicon source type, reaction parameters, drying temperature, and homogenization pressure, the particle agglomeration problem of the traditional sol-gel method is effectively avoided, ensuring the consistency of product batch performance (pass rate ≥98%). The gradient optimization of the proportion of each component (such as substrate 5-10%, synergist 2-5%) and process parameters (such as homogenization pressure of 20-30MPa and concentration temperature of 60-70℃) not only ensures fire extinguishing efficiency, but also realizes the convenience of storage, transportation and dilution as needed for the concentrate, reducing production and application costs.

[0020] (4) By refining the core parameters, such as the substrate pore size of 80-90nm, the ratio of composite modifier of 1:1, and the effective component of the concentrate of 25%, the present invention forms a complete technical system from basic scheme to optimized scheme. According to different fire scenarios, such as the thermal runaway of power battery, industrial acetone fire, and low temperature outdoor fire, the component ratio and process parameters can be finely adjusted to realize personalized fire extinguishing needs. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Example 1 1.1 Group allocation ratio (by weight percentage) The foaming agent consists of 6% aminosilane-modified silicone nanostructure foaming substrate, 5% composite modified plant protein foaming agent, 3.5% phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist, 1% multi-level network foam stabilizer, 2% low-temperature antifreeze agent, and 82.5% deionized water.

[0022] Among them: the aminosilane modifier is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and the weight ratio of silicon source (tetraethyl orthosilicate) to modifier is 10:2; in the composite modifier, the weight ratio of urea to sodium sulfite is 1:0.8, the weight ratio of plant protein (soy protein) to composite modifier is 10:1, and the solid-liquid ratio is 1:6; the weight ratio of phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant is 3:1, the fluorocarbon surfactant is potassium perfluorooctyl sulfonate, and the addition amount is 22% of the total weight of the synergist; the multi-level network foam stabilizer is xanthan gum and polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide block copolymer at a ratio of 2:1; the low-temperature antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol.

[0023] 1.2 Preparation process parameters S1. Preparation of aminosilane-modified silica nanomaterials: The silicon source and modifier were mixed and added to a ball mill jar. The mixture was subjected to a mechanochemical reaction at 220℃ and 1600r / min for 3 hours. After air jet milling and classification screening, a substrate with a framework pore size of 65nm and a specific surface area of ​​1100m² / g was obtained. S2. Preparation of composite modified plant protein foaming agent: Soy protein and composite modifier are mixed, deionized water is added to adjust the solid-liquid ratio to 1:6, stirred at 60℃ and 400r / min for 1.5 hours, and spray dried (inlet air 185℃, outlet air 85℃) to obtain foaming agent; S3. Preparation of pre-foamed base liquid: Deionized water is heated to 35°C, the above base material and foaming agent are added, stirred at 600r / min for 40 minutes, and then ultrasonically dispersed at 350W for 16 minutes to form a uniform base liquid; S4, Anti-solution and flame retardant system composite: Add composite synergist, stir at 42℃ and 900r / min for 50 minutes; S5. Addition of stabilizers and antifreeze: First add multi-stage network foam stabilizer, stir at 42°C for 25 minutes, then add ethylene glycol and stir for 12 minutes; S6. High-pressure homogenization: Homogenize twice at 22MPa pressure, 7 minutes each time, to refine the droplet size to 450nm; S7. Concentration and Calibration: Concentrate under reduced pressure at 62℃ to 22% of the active ingredient, then dilute to 6% of the active ingredient after cooling to obtain the finished product.

[0024] 1.3 Performance Test Results It has a foaming ratio of 16 times and a foam half-life of 32 minutes; it can reduce the temperature from 1000℃ to 40℃ within 10 seconds; the foam breakage rate in a 5% ethanol aqueous solution is 10%; the foaming performance decreases by 4% after being stored at -20℃ for 72 hours; the biodegradability rate is 85%; it extinguishes a 500mL ethanol fire in 14 seconds without reignition; the production cost is reduced by 10% compared to traditional processes, and it is suitable for conventional industrial polar solvent fire scenarios.

[0025] Example 2 2.1 Group allocation ratio (by weight percentage) The composition includes 7.5% aminosilane-modified silicone nanostructure foaming substrate, 5% composite modified plant protein foaming agent, 3.5% phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist, 1.2% multi-level network foam stabilizer, 2% low-temperature antifreeze agent, and 80.8% deionized water.

[0026] Among them: the aminosilane modifier is N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and the weight ratio of silicon source (tetraethyl orthosilicate) to modifier is 10:2; in the composite modifier, the weight ratio of urea to sodium sulfite is 1:1, the weight ratio of plant protein (pea protein) to composite modifier is 10:1, and the solid-liquid ratio is 1:6; the weight ratio of phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant is 3:1.5, the fluorocarbon surfactant is perfluorohexyl betaine, and the addition amount is 25% of the total weight of the synergist; the multi-level network foam stabilizer is xanthan gum and polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide block copolymer at a ratio of 2:1; the low-temperature antifreeze agent is propylene glycol.

[0027] 2.2 Preparation process parameters S1. Preparation of aminosilane-modified silica nanomaterials: The silicon source and modifier were mixed and added to a ball mill jar. The mixture was subjected to a mechanochemical reaction at 250℃ and 1800r / min for 3 hours. After air jet milling and classification screening, a substrate with a framework pore size of 85nm and a specific surface area of ​​1300m² / g was obtained. S2. Preparation of composite modified plant protein foaming agent: Pea protein and composite modifier are mixed, deionized water is added to adjust the solid-liquid ratio to 1:6, stirred at 60℃ and 400r / min for 1.5 hours, and spray dried (inlet air 190℃, outlet air 85℃) to obtain foaming agent; S3. Preparation of pre-foamed base liquid: Heat deionized water to 35°C, add the above base material and foaming agent, stir at 600r / min for 45 minutes, and then disperse by ultrasonication at 400W for 18 minutes to form a uniform base liquid; S4, Alcohol-resistant and flame-retardant composite system: Add composite synergist, stir at 45℃ and 1000r / min for 50 minutes; S5. Addition of stabilizers and antifreeze: First add multi-stage network foam stabilizer, stir at 45°C for 25 minutes, then add propylene glycol and stir for 12 minutes. S6. High-pressure homogenization: Homogenize 3 times at 25MPa pressure, 8 minutes each time, to refine the droplet size to 400nm; S7. Concentration and Calibration: Concentrate under reduced pressure at 65℃ to 25% of the active ingredient, then dilute to 6% of the active ingredient after cooling to obtain the finished product.

[0028] 2.3 Performance Test Results It has a foaming ratio of 19 times and a foam half-life of 38 minutes; it can reduce the temperature from 1000℃ to 38℃ within 10 seconds; the foam breakage rate in a 5% ethanol aqueous solution is 7%; the foaming performance decreases by 3% after being stored at -20℃ for 72 hours; the biodegradability rate is 88%; the leakage current for extinguishing fires on 36kV live circuits is 0.04mA; the extinguishing time for a thermal runaway fire of a 198000mAh lithium iron phosphate battery is 1 minute and 12 seconds, with no reignition within 10 minutes; the corrosion rate on carbon steel and aluminum alloys is ≤0.008mm / a, making it suitable for power batteries in new energy vehicles and high-voltage live circuit scenarios.

[0029] Example 3 3.1 Group allocation ratio (by weight percentage) The foaming agent consists of 8% aminosilane-modified silicone nanostructure foaming substrate, 6% composite modified plant protein foaming agent, 4% phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist, 1.5% multi-level network foam stabilizer, 2.5% low-temperature antifreeze agent, and 78% deionized water.

[0030] Among them: the aminosilane modifier is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and the weight ratio of silicon source (sodium silicate) to modifier is 10:3; in the composite modifier, the weight ratio of urea to sodium sulfite is 1:1.2, the weight ratio of plant protein (soy protein) to composite modifier is 10:1.1, and the solid-liquid ratio is 1:7; the weight ratio of phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant is 3:1.8, the fluorocarbon surfactant is potassium perfluorooctyl sulfonate, and the addition amount is 28% of the total weight of the synergist; the multi-level network foam stabilizer is xanthan gum and polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide block copolymer at a ratio of 2:1; the low-temperature antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol and propylene glycol mixed at a ratio of 1:1.

[0031] 3.2 Preparation process parameters S1. Preparation of aminosilane-modified silica nanomaterials: The silicon source and modifier were mixed and added to a ball mill jar. The mixture was subjected to a mechanochemical reaction at 280℃ and 1900r / min for 3.5 hours. After air jet milling and classification screening, a substrate with a framework pore size of 88nm and a specific surface area of ​​1350m² / g was obtained. S2. Preparation of composite modified plant protein foaming agent: Soy protein and composite modifier are mixed, deionized water is added to adjust the solid-liquid ratio to 1:7, stirred at 65℃ and 450r / min for 1.8 hours, and spray dried (inlet air 195℃, outlet air 88℃) to obtain foaming agent; S3. Preparation of pre-foamed base liquid: Deionized water is heated to 38°C, the above base material and foaming agent are added, stirred at 700r / min for 50 minutes, and then ultrasonically dispersed at 450W for 20 minutes to form a uniform base liquid; S4, Anti-solution and flame retardant system composite: Add composite synergist, stir at 48℃ and 1100r / min for 55 minutes; S5. Adding stabilizers and antifreeze: First add multi-stage network foam stabilizer, stir at 48°C for 28 minutes, then add mixed antifreeze and stir for 15 minutes; S6. High-pressure homogenization: Homogenize three times at 28MPa pressure, each time for 9 minutes, to refine the droplet size to 350nm. S7. Concentration and Calibration: Concentrate under reduced pressure at 68℃ to 28% of the active ingredient, then dilute to 7% of the active ingredient after cooling to obtain the finished product.

[0032] 3.3 Performance Test Results It has a foaming ratio of 21 times and a foam half-life of 40 minutes; it can reduce the temperature from 1000℃ to 36℃ within 10 seconds; the foam breakage rate in a 5% acetone aqueous solution is 6%; the foaming performance decreases by 4% after being stored at -25℃ for 72 hours; the biodegradability rate is 89%; it has excellent resistance to seawater corrosion; it extinguishes industrial acetone fires in 10 seconds and has a stable extinguishing effect on low-temperature outdoor warehouse fires, making it suitable for low-temperature extreme environments and high-concentration polar solvent fire scenarios.

[0033] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These are all equivalent modifications and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention, and all of these fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid-cooling foam extinguishing agent, characterized in that, A rapid cooling foam fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that, by weight percentage, it comprises the following components: 5-10% aminosilane-modified silica nanostructure foaming substrate, 3-8% composite modified plant protein foaming agent, 2-5% phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite anti-alcohol and flame retardant synergist, 0.5-2% multi-level network foam stabilizer, 1-3% low-temperature antifreeze agent, and the balance being deionized water. The aminosilane-modified silica nanostructure foaming substrate is synthesized by a mechanochemical method, with a framework pore size of 50-100 nm and a specific surface area of ​​1000-1500 m² / g. The aminosilane modifier is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and the weight ratio of silicon source to aminosilane modifier is 10:1-3. The composite modified plant protein foaming agent is prepared by modifying soybean protein or pea protein with a composite modifier (urea and sodium sulfite weight ratio of 1:0.5-1.5), with a foaming ratio of ≥15 times. During the modification process, the weight ratio of plant protein to composite modifier is 10:0.8-1.2, and the solid-liquid ratio is 1:5-8. The compound weight ratio of the phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist is 3:1-2, wherein the fluorocarbon surfactant is potassium perfluorooctyl sulfonate or perfluorohexyl betaine, and the amount added is 20-30% of the total weight of the solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist; The multi-level network foam stabilizer is a compound of xanthan gum and polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide block copolymer in a weight ratio of 2:1; The low-temperature antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.

2. The rapid cooling foam extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight percentages of each component are as follows: aminosilane modified silica nanostructure foaming substrate 7-8%, composite modified plant protein foaming agent 4-6%, phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist 3-4%, multi-level network foam stabilizer 1-1.5%, low temperature antifreeze agent 1.5-2.5%, and deionized water balance.

3. The rapid cooling foam extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aminosilane-modified silicone nanostructure foaming substrate has a framework pore size of 80-90 nm and a specific surface area of ​​1200-1400 m² / g.

4. The rapid cooling foam extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of urea to sodium sulfite in the composite modifier is 1:1, and the weight ratio of plant protein to the composite modifier is 10:

1.

5. The rapid cooling foam extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound weight ratio of the phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist is 3:1.5, and the amount of fluorocarbon surfactant added is 25% of the total weight of the solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist.

6. A method for preparing a rapid-cooling foam extinguishing agent, characterized in that: The preparation of the fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1-5 specifically includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of aminosilane-modified silicone nanostructured foamed substrate: A silicon source and an aminosilane modifier are mixed at a weight ratio of 10:1-3, wherein the silicon source is tetraethyl orthosilicate or sodium silicate. The mixture is added to a ball mill jar and subjected to a mechanochemical reaction at 200-300℃ and 1500-2000r / min for 2-4 hours. After air jet milling and classification screening, a modified silicone nanostructured foamed substrate with a framework pore size of 50-100nm and a specific surface area of ​​1000-1500m² / g is obtained. S2. Preparation of composite modified plant protein foaming agent: Mix plant protein and composite modifier at a weight ratio of 10:0.8-1.2, add deionized water to adjust the solid-liquid ratio to 1:5-8, stir at 300-500 r / min for 1-2 hours at 50-70℃, and spray dry at an inlet air temperature of 180-200℃ and an outlet air temperature of 80-90℃ to obtain composite modified plant protein foaming agent; S3. Preparation of pre-foamed base liquid: Heat deionized water to 30-40℃, add the modified silica nanostructure foaming substrate prepared in step S1 and the composite modified plant protein foaming agent obtained in step S2, stir at 500-800r / min for 30-60 minutes, and then ultrasonically disperse at 300-500W power for 15-20 minutes to form a uniformly dispersed pre-foamed base liquid; S4. Gradient composite of solvent-resistant and flame-retardant system: Add phosphate ester-fluorocarbon surfactant composite solvent-resistant and flame-retardant synergist to the pre-foaming base liquid, heat to 40-50℃, and stir at 800-1200r / min for 40-60 minutes to achieve molecular-level synergistic composite of solvent-resistant components and foaming base liquid. S5. Add stabilizers and antifreeze in steps: First, add the multi-level network foam stabilizer, which is a mixture of xanthan gum and polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide block copolymer at a weight ratio of 2:

1. Keep the temperature at 40-50℃ and stir for 20-30 minutes. Then add the low-temperature antifreeze and continue stirring for 10-15 minutes to make the system fully compatible. S6. High-pressure homogenization optimization: Homogenize the composite liquid 2-3 times under 20-30MPa pressure, with each homogenization time being 5-10 minutes, to refine the droplet size to ≤500nm, eliminate bubbles and improve the stability of the system. S7. Concentration and concentration calibration: Concentrate the homogenized compound solution under reduced pressure at 60-70℃ to a concentrate with an effective ingredient content of 20-30%. After cooling to room temperature, dilute with deionized water according to the usage requirements to an effective ingredient content of 5-8% to obtain the finished product.

7. The method for preparing a rapid cooling foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S1, the mechanochemical reaction temperature is 250℃, the rotation speed is 1800 r / min, and the reaction time is 3 hours.

8. The method for preparing a rapid cooling foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the ultrasonic dispersion power is 400W and the time is 18 minutes; in step S6, the homogenization pressure is 25MPa and the homogenization time is 8 minutes each time.

9. The method for preparing a rapid cooling foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S7, the concentration of the active ingredient is 25%, and the concentration of the active ingredient after dilution is 6%.