An environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device

Abstract

This application relates to an environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device, belonging to the technical field of flue gas treatment devices. It includes a cooling tank, an inlet pipe connected to the cooling tank, multiple atomizing nozzles disposed within the cooling tank, a control component for controlling the temperature of the dilute sulfuric acid solution within the atomizing nozzles, a switching component for switching the type of dilute sulfuric acid solution within the atomizing nozzles, and a flow component for controlling the flow rate of the dilute sulfuric acid solution within the atomizing nozzles. The control component includes multiple heat exchange tubes disposed within the inlet pipe, a scraper disc slidably disposed on the multiple heat exchange tubes, a discharge pipe connected to the inlet pipe, and a water storage device for storing liquid within the atomizing nozzles. This application features heat exchange treatment between the dilute sulfuric acid solution and the sulfuric acid flue gas, enabling pre-cooling of the sulfuric acid flue gas without the need for additional heating equipment to heat and maintain the dilute sulfuric acid solution, thus controlling the dilute sulfuric acid solution at the temperature required for spraying the sulfuric acid flue gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment devices, and in particular to an environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas refers to the flue gas generated during the sulfuric acid production process, which contains sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, sulfuric acid mist, dust, and harmful impurities such as arsenic and fluorine. Therefore, when treating sulfuric acid flue gas, it is necessary to use dilute sulfuric acid solution to cool and spray the flue gas to absorb gaseous toxic impurities such as arsenic and fluorine, thus achieving waste treatment. The temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is usually around 300 degrees Celsius during pretreatment after heat recovery. In order to ensure the high absorption efficiency of dilute sulfuric acid solution for sulfuric acid flue gas, efficient desulfurization, and maximum suppression of acid mist generation, the spraying temperature of dilute sulfuric acid solution needs to be controlled at around 80 degrees Celsius.

[0003] In the existing technology, the heating and spraying of dilute sulfuric acid process liquid usually rely on an external heating system. First, the dilute sulfuric acid in the circulating tank is continuously heated by a steam heat exchanger or electric heater to raise its temperature to about 80 degrees Celsius. The heated dilute sulfuric acid liquid is then transported through an insulated pipe to the spray layer at the top of the scrubbing tower, where it is atomized by acid-resistant nozzles and comes into contact with the high-temperature flue gas flowing in the opposite direction.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that the following defects exist: First, prolonged use of a heater to heat the dilute sulfuric acid process liquid is prone to scaling or corrosion, leading to a decrease in heat transfer efficiency and causing the temperature of the dilute sulfuric acid to fluctuate easily, affecting its stable absorption efficiency of harmful components in the flue gas. It is impossible to control the flue gas outlet temperature within the optimal range required by subsequent processes. In addition, continuous electric heating consumption results in significant energy waste, and it is necessary to shut down the machine to wait for the dilute sulfuric acid liquid to be heated to a suitable temperature before spraying the sulfuric acid flue gas, affecting the efficiency of sulfuric acid flue gas treatment, reducing the reliability of continuous operation of the flue gas treatment device, and making it difficult to meet the requirements of continuous and efficient environmental protection production. Therefore, improvements are made to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides an environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device.

[0006] The environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: An environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device includes a cooling tank, a flue gas inlet pipe connected to the cooling tank, multiple atomizing nozzles installed in the cooling tank, a control component for controlling the temperature of dilute sulfuric acid liquid in the atomizing nozzles, a switching component for switching the type of dilute sulfuric acid liquid in the atomizing nozzles, and a flow component for controlling the flow rate of dilute sulfuric acid liquid in the atomizing nozzles. The control component includes multiple heat exchange tubes disposed in the flue pipe, a scraper disc slidably disposed on the multiple heat exchange tubes, a discharge pipe connected to the flue pipe, a water storage device for storing liquid in the atomizing nozzle, a cleaning device for periodically opening the discharge pipe, and a translation device for translating the scraper disc. The cleaning device is automatically driven by the translation device. The switching component includes multiple adjusting blocks on the scraper disk, three connecting pipes on the smoke inlet pipe, multiple smoke adjustment holes on the scraper disk, adjusting components for adjusting the size of the multiple smoke adjustment holes, switching components for switching the opening of the three connecting pipes, and a temperature control device for detecting the smoke temperature in the smoke inlet pipe. The switching component is driven by the temperature control device. The flow component includes a wind speed sensor rotatably mounted on a scraper disk, a control component for controlling the flow rate of dilute sulfuric acid in multiple heat exchange tubes, and a cleaning component for periodically cleaning the wind speed sensor. The cleaning component is automatically driven by a translation component.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the sulfuric acid production flue gas mainly originates from the acid production process using sulfur, pyrite, or non-ferrous metal smelting by-product flue gas as raw materials. Existing technologies typically use temperature and wind speed sensors to detect the temperature and flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas. However, while these sensors are direct and accurate, their probes must be in direct contact with the flue gas, making them susceptible to interference or damage over time. This application, however, uses a mechanical structure combined with a distance sensor to detect the temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas. Instead of directly measuring the temperature value, it characterizes or monitors the flue gas's state by measuring related physical effects. The selected mechanical structure is made of materials resistant to ultra-high temperatures and corrosion, exhibiting extremely high environmental friendliness. Compared to electronic sensors, this device exhibits inherent safety and reliability due to its environmental tolerance, low maintenance, and long lifespan. By periodically cleaning the wind speed sensor, this application avoids damage caused by impurities and particles in the smoke, ensuring the accuracy of the wind speed sensor in detecting sulfuric acid flue gas. The absence of a temperature sensor for direct detection is because rinsing the temperature sensor would affect its detection of sulfuric acid flue gas temperature. This avoids detection distortion caused by rinsing or corrosion of the temperature sensor, while the washable wind speed sensor ensures accurate flow rate detection. Furthermore, while detecting the temperature and flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas, the flow rate and diffusion speed of the sulfuric acid flue gas in the inlet pipe can be adjusted to enhance turbulence and ensure effective heating of the dilute sulfuric acid solution and cooling of the sulfuric acid flue gas. The control components can purify sulfuric acid flue gas through spraying, and simultaneously perform heat exchange between the sulfuric acid flue gas and dilute sulfuric acid liquid. The dilute sulfuric acid liquid can be automatically heated to a specified temperature during extraction, and the sulfuric acid flue gas can be pre-cooled. Pre-treatment can be automatically performed before the dilute sulfuric acid liquid and sulfuric acid flue gas come into contact and react. Multiple heat exchange tubes can be scraped to prevent impurities on the tubes from affecting the heating of the dilute sulfuric acid liquid and the cooling of the sulfuric acid flue gas. The switching component can detect the temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas and adjust the spray concentration of the dilute sulfuric acid liquid accordingly. The flow rate component can also detect and control the spray volume of the dilute sulfuric acid liquid based on the sulfuric acid flue gas flow rate.

[0008] Optionally, the water storage component includes a spray plate fixed to the cooling tank, a water storage pipe connected to the spray plate, a water extraction pipe fixed to the flue gas inlet pipe, a water pump installed on the water extraction pipe, a circular pipe connected to the water extraction pipe, and water storage tanks respectively connected to three connecting pipes. The plurality of heat exchange pipes are all connected to the water extraction pipe and the water storage pipe, the three connecting pipes are all connected to the circular pipe, the plurality of atomizing nozzles are all connected to the spray plate, and the three water storage tanks are respectively a low concentration tank, a medium concentration tank, and a high concentration tank.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, dilute sulfuric acid solution can be pumped into the cooling tank through the water storage device to spray sulfuric acid fumes. The dilute sulfuric acid solution in the water storage tank can be sequentially pumped into the connecting pipe, the round pipe, the water pumping pipe, multiple heat exchange pipes, the water storage pipe, the spray plate, and multiple atomizing nozzles through the water pump. The multiple atomizing nozzles can spray the dilute sulfuric acid solution in the cooling tank in a multi-range manner. Combined with the drifting of sulfuric acid fumes in the cooling tank, the sulfuric acid fumes can be sprayed and purified.

[0010] Optionally, the translation component includes an adjusting rod fixed to the scraper disc, a threaded block fixed to the adjusting rod, a fixed box fixed to the cooling tank, a threaded rod rotatably disposed in the fixed box, and a servo motor fixed to the fixed box. The threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor, the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the threaded block, and the scraper disc is slidably connected to the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the outer walls of multiple heat exchange tubes and the inner walls of the flue gas inlet pipe can be scraped and cleaned by the translation component. The servo motor can drive the threaded rod to rotate, which can sequentially drive the threaded block, adjusting rod and scraper disc to translate. When the scraper disc translates, it can scrape the outer walls of multiple heat exchange tubes and the inner walls of the flue gas inlet pipe, so as to avoid particles and impurities in sulfuric acid flue gas from adhering to multiple heat exchange tubes and affecting the heat exchange effect between dilute sulfuric acid liquid and sulfuric acid flue gas.

[0012] Optionally, the cleaning component includes an annular spring fixed to the scraper disc, a double-sided wedge fixed to the annular spring, a closing plate hinged to the discharge pipe, a torsion spring fixed to the closing plate, and a collection box connected to the discharge pipe. The torsion spring is fixedly connected to the discharge pipe, and the closing plate is movably fitted with the double-sided wedge.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the particles and impurities scraped off the flue in the inlet pipe can be automatically cleaned by the cleaning component and the translation component. When the scraper moves, the particles and impurities will flow to the inside of the outlet pipe. As the scraper moves, when the double-sided wedges in the scraper are flush with the closed plate in the outlet pipe, the elastic force of the ring spring can drive the double-sided wedges to move downward, which can push the closed plate to swing and cause the torsion spring to squeeze, temporarily opening the outlet pipe, so that the particles and impurities in the outlet pipe flow into the collection box for collection.

[0014] Optionally, the control component includes a solenoid valve mounted on the water pumping pipe, and the scraper disc is provided with evenly distributed smoke passage holes. The solenoid valve is electrically connected to the wind speed sensor.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas in the flue pipe can be detected by the control component, so as to control the spraying amount of dilute sulfuric acid liquid. When the sulfuric acid flue gas flows in the flue pipe, the flow speed of the sulfuric acid flue gas can be detected by the wind speed sensor. The wind speed sensor can transmit the detected data to the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve can control the pumping amount of dilute sulfuric acid liquid in the pumping pipe. When the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas is too high, the spraying amount of dilute sulfuric acid liquid can be increased accordingly. Conversely, when the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas is too low, the spraying amount of dilute sulfuric acid liquid can be decreased accordingly. The spraying amount of dilute sulfuric acid liquid can be controlled according to the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas.

[0016] Optionally, the cleaning component includes a branch pipe connected to the water storage pipe, multiple spray nozzles connected to the branch pipe, a control valve fixed to the branch pipe, a movable gear fixed to the control valve, and a fixed rack fixed to the scraper disc, wherein the fixed rack is movably engaged with the movable gear.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the wind speed sensor can be cleaned regularly by using the cleaning component in conjunction with the translation component. This prevents particles and impurities in the sulfuric acid flue gas from adhering to the wind speed sensor and affecting its detection of the sulfuric acid flue gas flow rate. When the scraper disk moves the fixed rack and wind speed sensor to the inside of the cooling tank, the fixed rack will mesh with the movable gear and rotate, which can temporarily open the control valve. The dilute sulfuric acid liquid in the water storage pipe will be divided into branches, and some of the dilute sulfuric acid liquid will be sequentially drawn into the branch pipes and multiple sprinkler heads, thereby rinsing the wind speed sensor and scraper disk. This can also rinse the multiple smoke adjustment holes and multiple smoke passage holes on the wind speed sensor and scraper disk.

[0018] Optionally, the temperature control device includes multiple heating blocks fixed on the scraper disk, and air regulating blocks and telescopic springs respectively fixed on multiple adjusting blocks. The multiple telescopic springs are all fixedly connected to the scraper disk, the multiple heating blocks and the multiple air regulating blocks are respectively fixedly connected to the multiple adjusting blocks, and the multiple air regulating blocks are respectively slidably connected to the multiple smoke regulating holes.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas can be controlled according to the temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas in the flue gas inlet pipe through the temperature control device. When the sulfuric acid flue gas washes over the scraper plate, the heat of the sulfuric acid flue gas will heat up multiple heating blocks and conduct the heat to the regulating blocks. When the temperature of the regulating blocks is high, they will expand due to the high temperature. When the temperature of the regulating blocks is low, they will gradually contract and return to their original state. The expansion and contraction of multiple regulating blocks will drive multiple air regulating blocks to move. By moving multiple regulating blocks, the opening size of multiple flue gas regulating holes can be controlled. When the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is high, the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas can be automatically slowed down to avoid the sulfuric acid flue gas from exceeding the standard temperature due to insufficient cooling. When the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is low, the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas can be automatically increased to speed up the treatment of sulfuric acid flue gas.

[0020] Optionally, the adjusting component includes a distance sensor fixed inside the scraper disk and a connecting rod fixed to an air regulating block, the connecting rod being located directly above the distance sensor.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas in the flue pipe can be detected by adjusting the component and temperature control. At the same time, the flow rate of dilute sulfuric acid liquid can be controlled according to the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas. When the air regulating block located above moves up and down due to the expansion and contraction of the regulating block, it can drive the connecting rod to move. The range of the up and down movement of the connecting rod can be detected by the distance sensor, so as to facilitate the switching component to adjust the concentration type of dilute sulfuric acid liquid.

[0022] Optionally, the switching component includes a rotating block rotatably disposed inside a circular tube, a fixing hole disposed on the rotating block, and a motor fixed on the circular tube. The rotating block is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, the fixing hole is connected to the water pumping pipe, all three connecting pipes are movably connected to the fixing hole, and the motor is electrically connected to the distance sensor.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the spray concentration of dilute sulfuric acid can be switched according to the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas through the switching component and the adjusting component. The motor can drive the rotating block and the fixed hole to rotate in sequence, so that the fixed hole can be connected to three connecting pipes in sequence. When the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is too high, the fixed hole can be connected to the high-concentration connecting pipe, so that the water storage device can draw high-concentration dilute sulfuric acid to spray the sulfuric acid flue gas with high temperature. When the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is moderate, the fixed hole can be connected to the middle connecting pipe, so that the water storage device can draw medium-concentration dilute sulfuric acid to spray the sulfuric acid flue gas with moderate temperature. When the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is too low, the fixed hole can be connected to the low-concentration connecting pipe, so that the water storage device can draw low-concentration dilute sulfuric acid to spray the sulfuric acid flue gas with low temperature.

[0024] Optionally, a baffle demister is provided on the inner side of the cooling tank, the baffle demister is located between the atomizing nozzle and the smoke inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe is connected to the cooling tank, an induced draft fan is provided on the air outlet pipe, a water outlet pipe is connected to the cooling tank, and a water purifier is provided on the water outlet pipe.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the sulfuric acid flue gas can be filtered through the baffle plate demister, and particles and impurities in the sulfuric acid flue gas can be separated. At the same time, the baffle plate demister can change the flow direction of the flue gas and prolong the contact time between the sulfuric acid flue gas and the dilute sulfuric acid liquid.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. After heat recovery, the sulfuric acid flue gas is introduced into the flue gas inlet pipe. The induced draft fan guides the flue gas into the cooling tank. While the sulfuric acid flue gas is drifting, the water storage device sprays and purifies it. The baffle plate demister filters the sulfuric acid flue gas, separating particles and impurities. At the same time, the baffle plate demister changes the flow direction of the flue gas, prolonging the contact time between the sulfuric acid flue gas and the dilute sulfuric acid liquid, thus enhancing the purification effect. The baffle plate demister is rinsed by the spray of dilute sulfuric acid liquid. The particles and impurities filtered on the baffle plate demister will flow downward with the dilute sulfuric acid liquid. The dilute sulfuric acid liquid can flow into the water purifier for recycling through the outlet pipe. 2. When the sulfuric acid flue gas flows in the inlet pipe, the temperature of the flue gas after heat recovery is around 300 degrees Celsius. Because multiple heat exchange tubes are located inside the inlet pipe, the dilute sulfuric acid liquid flowing through these tubes can exchange heat with the sulfuric acid flue gas. The multiple heat exchange tubes also allow for branching of the dilute sulfuric acid liquid in the pumping pipe, enhancing the heating efficiency and raising the temperature of the dilute sulfuric acid liquid to around 80 degrees Celsius. Simultaneously, the sulfuric acid flue gas can be pre-cooled, increasing the subsequent cooling rate and improving efficiency. The high efficiency of sulfuric acid flue gas treatment eliminates the need for additional heating equipment to heat and maintain the dilute sulfuric acid solution. The sulfuric acid flue gas itself can be used to control the dilute sulfuric acid solution at the temperature required for spraying the sulfuric acid flue gas, thus saving resources. The translation component can scrape the outer wall of multiple heat exchange tubes and the inner wall of the flue gas inlet pipe to prevent particles and impurities in the sulfuric acid flue gas from adhering to the multiple heat exchange tubes and affecting the heat exchange effect between the dilute sulfuric acid solution and the sulfuric acid flue gas. The cleaning component, in conjunction with the translation component, can automatically clean the particles and impurities in the flue gas inlet pipe. 3. Passing through multiple flue gas adjustment holes and passageways in the inlet pipe enhances the turbulence of the sulfuric acid flue gas, improving the heat exchange efficiency between the flue gas and the pipe wall. Simultaneously, it strengthens the pre-cooling effect of the sulfuric acid flue gas, resulting in a more uniform temperature and concentration distribution, thus improving the overall cooling efficiency and treatment effect of the subsequent cooling tank. The control unit can detect the flow rate of the sulfuric acid flue gas and control the spraying amount of dilute sulfuric acid solution based on the flow rate. When the sulfuric acid flue gas flow rate is high, the spraying amount of dilute sulfuric acid solution can be relatively increased; conversely, when the sulfuric acid flue gas flow rate is low, the spraying amount of dilute sulfuric acid solution can be relatively decreased, ensuring a constant purification efficiency for the sulfuric acid flue gas. The amount of sulfuric acid flue gas is increased proportionally to the sulfuric acid flue gas flow rate. The amount of dilute sulfuric acid spray ensures that the treatment capacity and pollution load are always matched, so that the concentration of sulfuric acid flue gas at the outlet is stable and meets the standards. This avoids the waste of data caused by full spraying of dilute sulfuric acid when the sulfuric acid flue gas flow rate is low, and also avoids incomplete purification caused by insufficient spraying of dilute sulfuric acid when the sulfuric acid flue gas flow rate is high. The cleaning component, together with the translation component, can regularly clean the multiple smoke adjustment holes and multiple smoke passage holes on the wind speed sensor and the scraper plate, so as to prevent particles and impurities in the sulfuric acid flue gas from sticking to the wind speed sensor and affecting the wind speed sensor's detection of the sulfuric acid flue gas flow rate. At the same time, it can also prevent particles and impurities from sticking to the multiple smoke adjustment holes and multiple smoke passage holes and affecting the flow of sulfuric acid flue gas. 4. The temperature control unit can detect the temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas in the inlet pipe and control the flow rate of the sulfuric acid flue gas based on the temperature. When the sulfuric acid flue gas temperature is too high, it can automatically slow down the flow rate to prevent the sulfuric acid flue gas from exceeding the standard temperature due to insufficient cooling. When the sulfuric acid flue gas temperature is too low, it can automatically increase the flow rate to speed up the treatment of the sulfuric acid flue gas and ensure that the sulfuric acid flue gas is cooled to the target temperature at the outlet. The switching component, in conjunction with the temperature control unit, can control the spraying of dilute sulfuric acid solution according to the different sulfuric acid flue gas temperatures. Regarding concentration, when the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is too high, a high-concentration dilute sulfuric acid solution can be extracted and sprayed onto the flue gas. When the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is moderate, a medium-concentration dilute sulfuric acid solution can be extracted and sprayed onto the flue gas. When the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is too low, a low-concentration dilute sulfuric acid solution can be extracted and sprayed onto the flue gas. This optimizes the absorption efficiency of sulfuric acid flue gas, maintains an absolutely stable concentration of dilute sulfuric acid, reduces energy consumption and costs, achieves efficient and environmentally friendly production, reduces the risk of acid mist generation, and ensures that sulfuric acid flue gas meets emission standards. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 External view of the cooling tank connection structure in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 The external view of the branch pipe connection structure in the embodiment of this application; Figure 4 An external view of the double-sided wedge block connection structure in the embodiment of this application; Figure 5 The appearance diagram of the scraper disk connection structure in the embodiment of this application; Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the scraper disk connection structure in the embodiment of this application; Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the circular tube connection structure in the embodiments of this application.

[0028] Attached reference numerals: 1. Cooling tank; 2. Smoke inlet pipe; 3. Water extraction pipe; 4. Heat exchange pipe; 5. Water storage pipe; 6. Spray plate; 7. Atomizing nozzle; 8. Branch pipe; 9. Sprinkler nozzle; 10. Round pipe; 11. Connecting pipe; 12. Motor; 13. Rotating block; 14. Fixing hole; 15. Water pump; 16. Solenoid valve; 17. Scraper disc; 18. Wind speed sensor; 19. Intelligent controller; 20. Air outlet pipe; 21. Heated element 21. Block; 22. Adjusting block; 23. Telescopic spring; 24. Air regulating block; 25. Distance sensor; 26. Connecting rod; 27. Fixing box; 28. Servo motor; 29. ​​Threaded rod; 30. Threaded block; 31. Adjusting rod; 32. Fixed rack; 33. Control valve; 34. Movable gear; 35. Double-sided wedge; 36. Discharge pipe; 37. Closing plate; 38. Baffle plate demister; 39. Ring spring; 40. Water outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0030] This application discloses an environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system includes a cooling tank 1, an inlet pipe 2 connected to the cooling tank 1, multiple atomizing nozzles 7 disposed within the cooling tank 1, a control component for controlling the temperature of the dilute sulfuric acid solution within the atomizing nozzles 7, a switching component for switching the type of dilute sulfuric acid solution within the atomizing nozzles 7, and a flow component for controlling the flow rate of the dilute sulfuric acid solution within the atomizing nozzles 7. The control component includes multiple heat exchange tubes 4 disposed within the inlet pipe 2, a scraper disc 17 slidably disposed on the multiple heat exchange tubes 4, a discharge pipe 36 connected to the inlet pipe 2, a water storage component for storing liquid within the atomizing nozzles 7, a cleaning component for periodically opening the discharge pipe 36, and a translation component for driving the scraper disc 17 to move horizontally. The cleaning component is automatically driven by the translation component; the switching component includes multiple adjusting blocks 22 set on the scraper disk 17, three connecting pipes 11 set on the smoke inlet pipe 2, multiple smoke adjustment holes set on the scraper disk 17, adjusting components for adjusting the size of the multiple smoke adjustment holes, switching components for switching the opening and closing of the three connecting pipes 11, and a temperature control for detecting the smoke temperature in the smoke inlet pipe 2. The switching component is driven by the temperature control; the flow component includes a wind speed sensor 18 set on the scraper disk 17, a control component for controlling the flow rate of dilute sulfuric acid liquid in multiple heat exchange tubes 4, and a cleaning component for periodically cleaning the wind speed sensor 18. The cleaning component is automatically driven by the translation component.

[0031] The water storage device includes a spray plate 6 fixed on the cooling tank 1, a water storage pipe 5 connected to the spray plate 6, a water extraction pipe 3 fixed on the flue pipe 2, a water pump 15 installed on the water extraction pipe 3, a circular pipe 10 connected to the water extraction pipe 3, and water storage tanks (not shown in the figure) connected to three connecting pipes 11 respectively. Multiple heat exchange pipes 4 are connected to the water extraction pipe 3 and the water storage pipe 5. The three connecting pipes 11 are connected to the circular pipe 10. Multiple atomizing nozzles 7 are connected to the spray plate 6. The three connecting pipes 11 are respectively a low connecting pipe 11, a medium connecting pipe 11 and a high connecting pipe 11. The three water storage tanks are respectively a low concentration tank, a medium concentration tank and a high concentration tank. The low concentration tank is connected to the low connecting pipe 11, the medium concentration tank is connected to the low connecting pipe 11, and the high concentration tank is connected to the low connecting pipe 11.

[0032] The translation component includes an adjusting rod 31 fixed to the scraper disc 17, a threaded block 30 fixed to the adjusting rod 31, a fixed box 27 fixed to the cooling tank 1, a threaded rod 29 rotatably disposed within the fixed box 27, and a servo motor 28 fixed to the fixed box 27. The threaded rod 29 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 28, and the threaded rod 29 is threadedly connected to the threaded block 30. Two guide rods are fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed box 27, and the threaded block 30 is provided with two guide rods whose diameters are adapted to the guide rods. Two guide rods are slidably connected to two guide holes respectively. The two guide rods and two guide holes can restrict the threaded block 30 to rotate in a circle. The threaded block 30 is located inside the fixed box 27. The fixed box 27 is provided with a sliding hole that matches the diameter of the adjusting rod 31. The adjusting rod 31 is slidably connected to the sliding hole. The scraper disk 17 is provided with multiple scraper holes that match the diameter of the heat exchange tube 4. The multiple heat exchange tubes 4 are slidably connected to the multiple scraper holes respectively. The scraper disk 17 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the flue duct 2.

[0033] The cleaning components include an annular spring 39 fixed to the scraper disc 17, a double-sided wedge 35 fixed to the annular spring 39, a closing plate 37 hinged inside the discharge pipe 36, a torsion spring (not shown in the figure) fixed to the closing plate 37, and a collection box (not shown in the figure) connected to the discharge pipe 36. The torsion spring is fixedly connected to the discharge pipe 36, the closing plate 37 and the double-sided wedge 35 are movably fitted together, the scraper disc 17 is provided with a collection groove, the annular spring 39 and the double-sided wedge 35 are both located inside the collection groove, the double-sided wedge 35 is slidably connected to the collection groove, the closing plate 37 is rotatably connected inside the discharge pipe 36, and the double-sided wedge 35 is movably fitted to the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe 2.

[0034] The control components include a solenoid valve 16 installed on the water pumping pipe 3, and a uniformly distributed smoke passage hole on the scraper disk 17. The solenoid valve 16 is electrically connected to the wind speed sensor 18.

[0035] The cleaning components include a branch pipe 8 connected to the water storage pipe 5, multiple water spray nozzles 9 connected to the branch pipe 8, a control valve 33 fixed to the branch pipe 8, a movable gear 34 fixed to the control valve 33, and a fixed rack 32 fixed to the scraper disc 17. The fixed rack 32 and the movable gear 34 are in movable meshing. The multiple water spray nozzles 9 are all located at the inlet of the smoke inlet pipe 2 and are arranged at equal intervals on the branch pipe 8.

[0036] The temperature control device includes multiple heating blocks 21 fixed on the scraper disk 17, and air regulating blocks 24 and telescopic springs 23 respectively fixed on multiple regulating blocks 22. The multiple telescopic springs 23 are all fixedly connected to the scraper disk 17, the multiple heating blocks 21 are fixedly connected to the multiple regulating blocks 22 respectively, the multiple air regulating blocks 24 are fixedly connected to the multiple regulating blocks 22 respectively, and the multiple air regulating blocks 24 are slidably connected to the multiple smoke regulating holes respectively. The inner side of the scraper disk 17 is provided with multiple fixed cavities, and the multiple telescopic springs 23, multiple air regulating blocks 24 and multiple regulating blocks 22 are respectively located inside the multiple fixed cavities. The multiple air regulating blocks 24 are slidably connected to the multiple fixed cavities respectively.

[0037] The adjusting components include a distance sensor 25 fixed inside the scraper disk 17 and a connecting rod 26 fixed on an air regulating block 24. The connecting rod 26 is located directly above the distance sensor 25. There is a connecting hole on the inner side of the scraper disk 17. The connecting rod 26 is slidably connected to the connecting hole. A detection chamber is provided inside the scraper disk 17, and the distance sensor 25 is located inside the detection chamber.

[0038] The switching component includes a rotating block 13 rotatably disposed inside the circular tube 10, a fixing hole 14 disposed on the rotating block 13, and a motor 12 fixed on the circular tube 10. The rotating block 13 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 12. The fixing hole 14 is connected to the water pumping pipe 3. All three connecting pipes 11 are movably connected to the fixing hole 14. The fixing hole 14 is L-shaped. The motor 12 is electrically connected to the distance sensor 25.

[0039] A smart controller 19 is fixedly connected to the cooling tank 1. The motor 12, water pump 15, solenoid valve 16, wind speed sensor 18, distance sensor 25, and servo motor 28 are all electrically connected to the smart controller 19. The smart controller 19 can control the timed operation of the motor 12, water pump 15, solenoid valve 16, wind speed sensor 18, distance sensor 25, and servo motor 28. Based on the adjustment of the multiple smoke control holes, the distance sensor 25 also transmits a signal to the wind speed sensor 18. The wind speed sensor 18 controls the solenoid valve 16 based on the adjustment of the smoke control holes, ensuring precise adjustment of the dilute sulfuric acid solution. The adjustment of multiple flue gas orifices will also change the flue gas flow rate. To avoid affecting the control of the dilute sulfuric acid concentration due to the adjustment of multiple flue gas orifices, the adjustment variables of multiple flue gas orifices can be taken into account when the sulfuric acid flue gas flow rate is detected by the wind speed sensor 18, so as to accurately control the flow rate of dilute sulfuric acid. The flue gas inlet pipe 2, water pumping pipe 3, multiple heat exchange pipes 4, water storage pipe 5, scraper disc 17, wind speed sensor 18, ring spring 39, double-sided wedge block 35, heating block 21, adjusting block 22, air regulating block 24, connecting rod 26, telescopic spring 23, discharge pipe 36, closing plate 37 and torsion spring are all made of high temperature and corrosion resistant materials.

[0040] A baffle demister 38 is installed on the inner side of the cooling tank 1. The baffle demister 38 is located between the atomizing nozzle 7 and the smoke inlet pipe 2. An exhaust pipe 20 is connected to the cooling tank 1. An induced draft fan is installed on the exhaust pipe 20. A water outlet pipe 40 is connected to the cooling tank 1. A water purifier is installed on the water outlet pipe 40. The length of the scraper disc 17 is greater than the length of the discharge pipe 36.

[0041] After heat recovery, the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is typically maintained at around 300 degrees Celsius. This is primarily because the flue gas must be significantly higher than the sulfuric acid dew point temperature during pretreatment to prevent fatal low-temperature acid corrosion and protect carbon steel equipment. Furthermore, above this temperature, the recovered heat energy can generate high-value, high-pressure steam for further deep recovery, but this reduces the return on investment. If the flue gas temperature is below 300 degrees Celsius, the steam production rate and corrosion risk must be weighed. If it is above 300 degrees Celsius, it will affect the efficiency of subsequent absorption stages. Therefore, around 300 degrees Celsius is the optimized temperature range for sulfuric acid flue gas waste heat recovery. After heat recovery, the flue gas temperature is around 300 degrees Celsius. It is then sprayed with dilute sulfuric acid solution, the temperature of which needs to be controlled at around 80 degrees Celsius. Within this temperature range, the absorption and washing efficiency of the sulfuric acid flue gas is high. If the dilute sulfuric acid solution temperature is too low, the high-temperature flue gas will ignite upon contact with the cold liquid. The temperature of the flue gas around the dripping point drops sharply below the sulfuric acid dew point, causing the sulfuric acid flue gas to condense on the equipment walls or packing, forming highly concentrated and extremely corrosive condensed acid that rapidly corrodes the carbon steel tower and pipes. If the temperature of the dilute sulfuric acid solution is too low, a large amount of condensed acid will be generated first, leading to an out-of-control concentration and total amount of dilute sulfuric acid solution, disrupting the system's water balance and hindering the optimization of purification efficiency and energy consumption. The sulfuric acid flue gas in the flue gas inlet pipe 2 is around 300 degrees Celsius. Therefore, the material of the regulating block 22 is preferably high-silicon iron. Under other operating conditions, acid-resistant ceramics, glass fiber, stainless steel, and high-temperature plastics can also be used. Any material that can expand and contract within a range of around 300 degrees Celsius is acceptable. The selected material has excellent high-temperature performance, mechanical strength, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance, ensuring that the regulating block 22 can be used for a long time, guaranteeing its service life, and ensuring the effectiveness of the regulating block 22 in temperature detection.

[0042] When using dilute sulfuric acid solution for spraying sulfuric acid flue gas, the concentration of the solution usually needs to be adjusted according to the temperature of the flue gas. This is because the core of sulfuric acid flue gas treatment is to efficiently absorb sulfur trioxide and control side reactions such as sulfur dioxide oxidation and acid mist formation. Optimizing absorption kinetics and thermodynamic balance is a key approach. High-temperature sulfuric acid flue gas accelerates sulfur trioxide volatilization and easily forms acid mist. Using a higher concentration of sulfuric acid can reduce water evaporation and lower the risk of acid mist formation. If the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid solution is insufficient under high-temperature flue gas conditions, the sulfuric acid vapor pressure will increase, leading to acid mist formation, which will reduce absorption efficiency and increase the burden on subsequent purification. If the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid solution is too high for low-temperature flue gas, it will increase the consumption and operating costs of the solution and may also increase the viscosity and reduce the fluidity of the liquid phase, affecting spray distribution and mass transfer. Therefore, high-concentration dilute sulfuric acid solution is required for high-temperature sulfuric acid flue gas, while low-concentration solution is required for low-temperature sulfuric acid flue gas.

[0043] In existing technologies, heat exchanger tube 4 cleaning, temperature detection, flow detection, and concentration switching are independent systems and steps. This application integrates heat exchanger tube 4 cleaning, flue gas temperature detection, throttling, flue gas flow detection, and self-cleaning triggering into a single system using a reciprocating scraper disk 17. This integration is not a simple superposition but a tight spatial coupling, resulting in an extremely compact device structure and simple and reliable control logic, which is impossible to achieve with distributed independent systems. This application simultaneously adjusts the spray liquid concentration, spray liquid flow rate, and flue gas flow rate. These three are not independent but are controlled in association through a common detection variable, flue gas temperature and flue gas flow rate. When the flue gas temperature rises, the system not only increases the spray liquid concentration according to conventional methods but also automatically decreases the flue gas flow rate, increases the residence time, and may increase the spray liquid flow rate. This multi-parameter coordinated adjustment can more accurately control the outlet flue gas state within the target range, which is significantly better than the single-dimensional control of adjusting only the spray liquid temperature or concentration in existing technologies.

[0044] The implementation principle of an environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: (1) The sulfuric acid flue gas after heat recovery is put into the flue gas inlet pipe 2. The induced draft fan can guide the flue gas in the flue gas inlet pipe 2 through multiple flue gas adjustment holes and multiple flue gas passage holes on the scraper plate 17 to the cooling tank 1 in sequence, and can make the sulfuric acid flue gas float upward so that the treated sulfuric acid flue gas can be released through the exhaust pipe 20 for subsequent treatment. (2) When the sulfuric acid fumes drift in the cooling tank 1, the dilute sulfuric acid liquid in the storage tank can be sequentially pumped into the connecting pipe 11, fixing hole 14, pumping pipe 3, multiple heat exchange pipes 4, storage pipe 5, spray plate 6, and multiple atomizing nozzles 7 by the water pump 15. The multiple atomizing nozzles 7 can spray the dilute sulfuric acid liquid in the cooling tank 1 over a wide range. In conjunction with the drifting of the sulfuric acid fumes in the cooling tank 1, the sulfuric acid fumes can be sprayed and purified. At the same time, when the sulfuric acid fumes drift, the sulfuric acid fumes can be filtered by the baffle plate demister 38, which can remove particles and impurities in the sulfuric acid fumes. Separation, while the baffle plate demister 38 can change the direction of flue gas flow, so that the flue gas moves in an S-shaped path in the cooling tank 1, forcing the sulfuric acid flue gas and dilute sulfuric acid liquid to mix violently, prolonging the contact time between the sulfuric acid flue gas and dilute sulfuric acid liquid, ensuring that the sulfuric acid flue gas is evenly distributed in the entire cooling tank 1, which can enhance the purification effect of sulfuric acid flue gas. In addition, the baffle plate demister 38 can be rinsed by spraying dilute sulfuric acid liquid. The particles and impurities filtered on the baffle plate demister 38 will flow downward with the dilute sulfuric acid liquid, and the dilute sulfuric acid liquid can flow to the water purifier for recycling through the water outlet pipe 40. (3) When sulfuric acid flue gas flows in the flue pipe 2, the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas after heat recovery is about 300 degrees Celsius. Since multiple heat exchange tubes 4 are located inside the flue pipe 2, when dilute sulfuric acid liquid flows in multiple heat exchange tubes 4, it can exchange heat with sulfuric acid flue gas. Through multiple heat exchange tubes 4, the dilute sulfuric acid liquid in the pumping pipe 3 can be divided into multiple channels, which can enhance the heating efficiency of dilute sulfuric acid liquid. In this way, the temperature of dilute sulfuric acid liquid can be heated to about 80 degrees Celsius. At the same time, sulfuric acid flue gas can be cooled down in advance, which can improve the cooling speed of subsequent sulfuric acid flue gas and improve the efficiency of sulfuric acid flue gas treatment. There is no need to set up additional heating equipment to heat and heat the dilute sulfuric acid liquid. The dilute sulfuric acid liquid can be controlled at the temperature required for sulfuric acid flue gas spraying treatment by the heat of sulfuric acid flue gas itself, which can save resources. (4) The servo motor 28 can drive the threaded rod 29 to rotate, which can sequentially drive the threaded block 30, the adjusting rod 31 and the scraper 17 to move horizontally. When the scraper 17 moves horizontally, it can scrape the outer wall of multiple heat exchange tubes 4 and the inner wall of the flue pipe 2 to prevent particles and impurities in the sulfuric acid flue gas from sticking to multiple heat exchange tubes 4 and affecting the heat exchange effect between dilute sulfuric acid liquid and sulfuric acid flue gas. It can automatically clean the outer wall of multiple heat exchange tubes 4 and the inner wall of the flue pipe 2 to further ensure the heat exchange effect between sulfuric acid flue gas and dilute sulfuric acid liquid. (5) The particles and impurities scraped off by the scraper 17 will flow down to the inside of the flue pipe 2. Some particles and impurities will also drift along with the sulfuric acid flue gas through multiple flue gas adjustment holes and multiple flue gas passage holes. At the same time, when the scraper 17 moves horizontally, it can push the particles and impurities in the flue pipe 2. The particles and impurities on the right side of the scraper 17 can be directly pushed by the scraper 17 and sent to the inside of the cooling tank 1 for automatic cleaning. The particles and impurities on the left side of the scraper 17 can flow onto the scraper 17 with the blowing of the sulfuric acid flue gas. When the scraper 17 moves, the particles and impurities will flow to the inside of the discharge pipe 36. When the double-sided wedge 35 in the scraper 17 is flush with the closed plate 37 in the discharge pipe 36 as the scraper 17 moves horizontally, the double-sided wedge 35 will lose its limit and then the double-sided wedge can be driven by the elastic force of the ring spring 39. Moving 35 downwards can push the closing plate 37 to swing, causing the torsion spring to squeeze and temporarily open the discharge pipe 36. This allows particles and impurities in the discharge pipe 36 to flow into the collection box for collection, thus cleaning the particles and impurities in the flue pipe 2 and minimizing their impact on the heat exchange between the dilute sulfuric acid liquid and the sulfuric acid flue gas in the flue pipe 2. Simultaneously, as the scraper plate 17 continues to move, the inclined surface of the double-sided wedge 35 allows the ring spring 39 to continue squeezing, causing the double-sided wedge 35 to move into the collection groove of the scraper plate 17. The double-sided wedge 35 separates from the closing plate 37, and the closing plate 37 loses resistance. Then, the elastic force of the torsion spring can drive the closing plate 37 to swing automatically, which can automatically close the discharge pipe 36, preventing sulfuric acid flue gas from entering the discharge pipe 36 when it floats in the flue pipe 2, and ensuring the heat exchange effect between the dilute sulfuric acid liquid and the sulfuric acid flue gas. (6) When sulfuric acid flue gas flows through multiple flue gas adjustment holes and multiple flue gas passage holes in the flue gas inlet pipe 2, the multiple flue gas adjustment holes and multiple flue gas passage holes can disrupt the laminar flow state of sulfuric acid flue gas, enhance turbulence, and destroy the thermal boundary layer, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between flue gas and pipe wall. At the same time, it can enhance the pre-cooling effect of sulfuric acid flue gas, so that the flue gas can be initially mixed before entering the cooling tank 1, making the temperature and concentration distribution more uniform, thereby improving the overall cooling efficiency and treatment effect of the subsequent cooling tank 1, avoiding excessive local temperature or concentration. The reciprocating translation makes the multiple flue gas adjustment holes and multiple flue gas passage holes stir the sulfuric acid flue gas at different positions in the flue gas inlet pipe 2, so that the flue gas is uniformly distributed in both the radial and axial directions. (7) When the sulfuric acid flue gas flows in the flue pipe 2 under constant power of the induced draft fan, the flow speed of the sulfuric acid flue gas can be detected by the wind speed sensor 18. The wind speed sensor 18 can transmit the detected data to the solenoid valve 16. The pumping volume of the dilute sulfuric acid liquid in the pumping pipe 3 can be controlled by the drive of the solenoid valve 16. When the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas is too high, the spraying volume of dilute sulfuric acid liquid can be increased relatively. Conversely, when the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas is too low, the spraying volume of dilute sulfuric acid liquid can be reduced relatively. The spraying volume of dilute sulfuric acid liquid can be controlled according to the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas, which can ensure the constant purification efficiency of sulfuric acid flue gas. The spraying volume of dilute sulfuric acid liquid is increased according to the proportion of sulfuric acid flue gas, which ensures that the treatment capacity and pollution load are always matched, so that the outlet concentration of sulfuric acid flue gas is stable and meets the standard. At the same time, the optimal energy and material consumption is achieved, avoiding the waste of data caused by the full spraying of dilute sulfuric acid liquid when the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas is low, and also avoiding the incomplete purification caused by insufficient spraying of dilute sulfuric acid liquid when the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas is high. (8) When the scraper disc 17 moves the fixed rack 32 and the wind speed sensor 18 to the inside of the cooling tank 1, the fixed rack 32 will mesh with the movable gear 34 and rotate, which can temporarily open the control valve 33. Then, the dilute sulfuric acid liquid in the water storage pipe 5 will be branched, and some of the dilute sulfuric acid liquid will be drawn into the branch pipe 8 and multiple sprinkler heads 9 in sequence. Then, the dilute sulfuric acid liquid sprayed by the multiple sprinkler heads 9 will wash the wind speed sensor 18 and the scraper disc 17, which can wash the multiple smoke adjustment holes and multiple smoke passage holes on the wind speed sensor 18 and the scraper disc 17, so as to prevent the particles and impurities in the sulfuric acid flue gas from sticking to the wind speed sensor 18 and affecting the cooling tank 1. The wind speed sensor 18 detects the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas and prevents particles and impurities from adhering to multiple flue gas adjustment holes and multiple flue gas passage holes, thus affecting the flow of sulfuric acid flue gas. This ensures the effectiveness of the wind speed sensor 18 in detecting the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas and also ensures the effectiveness of the flow of sulfuric acid flue gas. When the scraper disk 17 moves into the flue gas inlet pipe 2 and the fixed rack 32 separates from the movable gear 34, the movable gear 34 rotates, which can automatically close the control valve 33. This prevents dilute sulfuric acid from being sprayed out from multiple sprinkler heads 9 after the scraper disk 17 and the wind speed sensor 18 move to the inside of the flue gas inlet pipe 2. This can automatically control the timed rinsing of the scraper disk 17 and the wind speed sensor 18. (9) When the sulfuric acid flue gas in the flue pipe 2 washes against the scraper plate 17, the heat of the sulfuric acid flue gas will heat the multiple heating blocks 21 on the scraper plate 17 and conduct the heat to the regulating block 22. The regulating block 22 can detect the temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas. When the temperature of the regulating block 22 is higher than the pretreatment temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas, it will expand due to the high temperature. When the temperature of the regulating block 22 is lower than the pretreatment temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas, it will gradually shrink and recover. Through the expansion and contraction of the regulating block 22, the regulating block 22 can change according to the temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas. When the multiple regulating blocks 22 expand and contract, they will drive the multiple air regulating blocks 24 to move respectively. The opening size of multiple flue gas adjustment holes can be controlled by moving multiple adjustment blocks 22. The higher the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas, the smaller the opening of the flue gas adjustment holes, and the relatively less the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas. Conversely, the lower the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas, the larger the opening of the flue gas adjustment holes, and the relatively more the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas. When the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is too high, the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas can be automatically slowed down to prevent the sulfuric acid flue gas from exceeding the standard temperature due to insufficient cooling. When the temperature of sulfuric acid flue gas is too low, the flow rate of sulfuric acid flue gas can be automatically increased to speed up the treatment speed of sulfuric acid flue gas, while ensuring that the sulfuric acid flue gas can still be cooled to the target temperature when it is discharged. (10) When the upper air regulating block 24 moves up and down due to the expansion and contraction of the regulating block 22, it can drive the connecting rod 26 to move. The distance sensor 25 can detect the range of the up and down movement of the connecting rod 26, and thus detect the temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas. The distance sensor 25 will transmit the detected data to the motor 12. The motor 12 can drive the rotating block 13 and the fixing hole 14 to rotate in sequence, so that the fixing hole 14 can be connected to the three connecting pipes 11 in sequence. When the temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas is too high, the fixing hole 14 can be connected to the high connecting pipe 11, so that the water storage device can draw high concentration dilute sulfuric acid liquid to spray the sulfuric acid flue gas with a high temperature. When the temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas is moderate, the fixing hole 14 can be connected to the middle connecting pipe 11. Connecting pipe 11 allows the water storage unit to extract a medium-concentration dilute sulfuric acid solution for spraying sulfuric acid flue gas at a suitable temperature. When the temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas is low, connecting fixing hole 14 to low-concentration connecting pipe 11 allows the water storage unit to extract a low-concentration dilute sulfuric acid solution for spraying sulfuric acid flue gas at a low temperature. The spray concentration of dilute sulfuric acid solution can be controlled according to the temperature of the sulfuric acid flue gas, which can optimize the absorption efficiency, maintain the absolute stability of the dilute sulfuric acid concentration, increase the concentration at high temperatures to reduce acid mist escape, and decrease the concentration at low temperatures to promote sulfur dioxide oxidation, ensuring stable process operation, reducing energy consumption and costs, achieving efficient and environmentally friendly production and reducing the risk of acid mist generation. By optimizing the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid solution, the mass transfer efficiency and droplet entrainment risk can be balanced to ensure that the sulfuric acid flue gas meets emission standards.

[0045] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device, characterized in that: It includes a cooling tank (1), a flue gas inlet pipe (2) connected to the cooling tank (1), multiple atomizing nozzles (7) installed in the cooling tank (1), a control component for controlling the temperature of the dilute sulfuric acid solution in the atomizing nozzle (7), a switching component for switching the type of dilute sulfuric acid solution in the atomizing nozzle (7), and a flow component for controlling the flow rate of the dilute sulfuric acid solution in the atomizing nozzle (7). The control components include multiple heat exchange tubes (4) disposed in the flue pipe (2), a scraper disc (17) slidably disposed on the multiple heat exchange tubes (4), a discharge pipe (36) connected to the flue pipe (2), a water storage component for storing liquid in the atomizing nozzle (7), a cleaning component for opening the discharge pipe (36) at regular intervals, and a translation component for driving the scraper disc (17) to move. The cleaning component is automatically driven by the translation component. The switching component includes multiple adjusting blocks (22) on the scraper disk (17), three connecting pipes (11) on the smoke inlet pipe (2), multiple smoke adjustment holes on the scraper disk (17), an adjusting component for adjusting the size of the multiple smoke adjustment holes, a switching component for switching the opening of the three connecting pipes (11), and a temperature control for detecting the smoke temperature in the smoke inlet pipe (2). The switching component is driven by the temperature control. The flow component includes a wind speed sensor (18) mounted on a scraper disk (17), a control unit for controlling the flow rate of dilute sulfuric acid in multiple heat exchange tubes (4), and a cleaning unit for periodically cleaning the wind speed sensor (18), the cleaning unit being automatically driven by a translation unit.

2. The environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage device includes a spray plate (6) fixed on the cooling tank (1), a water storage pipe (5) connected to the spray plate (6), a water pump (3) fixed on the flue gas pipe (2), a water pump (15) installed on the water pump (3), a round pipe (10) connected to the water pump (3), and water storage tanks connected to three connecting pipes (11). Multiple heat exchange pipes (4) are connected to the water pump (3) and the water storage pipe (5). The three connecting pipes (11) are connected to the round pipe (10). Multiple atomizing nozzles (7) are connected to the spray plate (6). The three water storage tanks are a low concentration tank, a medium concentration tank, and a high concentration tank.

3. The environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation component includes an adjusting rod (31) fixed on the scraper disc (17), a threaded block (30) fixed on the adjusting rod (31), a fixed box (27) fixed on the cooling tank (1), a threaded rod (29) rotatably disposed in the fixed box (27), and a servo motor (28) fixed on the fixed box (27). The threaded rod (29) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (28), the threaded rod (29) is threadedly connected to the threaded block (30), and the scraper disc (17) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe (2).

4. The environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning component includes an annular spring (39) fixed on the scraper disc (17), a double-sided wedge (35) fixed on the annular spring (39), a closing plate (37) hinged in the discharge pipe (36), a torsion spring fixed on the closing plate (37), and a collection box connected to the discharge pipe (36). The torsion spring is fixedly connected to the discharge pipe (36), and the closing plate (37) and the double-sided wedge (35) are movably fitted together.

5. The environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control components include a solenoid valve (16) installed on the water pumping pipe (3), and a uniformly distributed smoke passage hole on the scraper disc (17). The solenoid valve (16) is electrically connected to the wind speed sensor (18).

6. The environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning component includes a branch pipe (8) connected to the water storage pipe (5), a plurality of water spray nozzles (9) connected to the branch pipe (8), a control valve (33) fixed to the branch pipe (8), a movable gear (34) fixed to the control valve (33), and a fixed rack (32) fixed to the scraper disc (17), wherein the fixed rack (32) is movably engaged with the movable gear (34).

7. The environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control includes multiple heating blocks (21) fixed on the scraper disk (17), and air regulating blocks (24) and telescopic springs (23) respectively fixed on multiple regulating blocks (22). The multiple telescopic springs (23) are all fixedly connected to the scraper disk (17), the multiple heating blocks (21) and the multiple air regulating blocks (24) are respectively fixedly connected to the multiple regulating blocks (22), and the multiple air regulating blocks (24) are respectively slidably connected to the multiple smoke regulating holes.

8. The environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting component includes a distance sensor (25) fixed inside the scraper disc (17) and a connecting rod (26) fixed on an air regulating block (24), the connecting rod (26) being located directly above the distance sensor (25).

9. The environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The switching component includes a rotating block (13) rotatably disposed inside the circular tube (10), a fixing hole (14) disposed on the rotating block (13), and a motor (12) fixed on the circular tube (10). The rotating block (13) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (12), the fixing hole (14) is connected to the water pumping pipe (3), and the three connecting pipes (11) are movably connected to the fixing hole (14). The motor (12) is electrically connected to the distance sensor (25).

10. The environmentally friendly industrial sulfuric acid production flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle demister (38) is provided on the inner side of the cooling tank (1). The baffle demister (38) is located between the atomizing nozzle (7) and the smoke inlet pipe (2). An air outlet pipe (20) is connected to the cooling tank (1). An induced draft fan is provided on the air outlet pipe (20). A water outlet pipe (40) is connected to the cooling tank (1). A water purifier is provided on the water outlet pipe (40).

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