A pressurized desulfurization mechanism and a hydrogen production device containing the same

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of hydrogen production technology, specifically to a pressurized desulfurization mechanism and a hydrogen production device containing such mechanism. The mechanism includes a movable filter element assembly for loading the gaseous desulfurization filling medium and achieving dynamic displacement; a desulfurization core assembly for supporting the movable filter element assembly and performing heat feedback exchange; and a desulfurization shell assembly for guiding the spiral flow of gas and performing overall encapsulation. This invention achieves gas pre-purification through centrifugal separation in a spiral cavity, utilizes the waste heat from the reaction for preheating the raw gas, and employs gravity-fed material discharge of the movable filter element to prevent medium caking and channeling. It integrates pretreatment, thermal coupling, and self-cleaning into a compact structure that effectively reduces external energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen production technology, specifically to a pressurized desulfurization mechanism and a hydrogen production device containing the mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen energy, as a clean energy source, has been widely used in distributed energy, fuel cell vehicles, and other fields. During hydrogen production, the feedstock gas (such as natural gas, methanol cracking gas, etc.) typically contains trace amounts of sulfides. These sulfides can poison and deactivate catalysts in subsequent conversion reactions, therefore desulfurization pretreatment is necessary before the hydrogen enters the reactor.

[0003] Currently, existing desulfurization devices have the following shortcomings when applied to miniaturized hydrogen production equipment: Low integration of pretreatment: Trace amounts of water, oil and other impurities entrained in the raw gas often require separate filtration and separation equipment, which increases the system size and complexity.

[0004] Low heat utilization rate: Desulfurization reaction is usually more active at a certain temperature, but small-scale equipment often lacks an effective waste heat utilization mechanism and relies on external heating, which increases energy consumption.

[0005] Uneven utilization of packing material: Under the long-term scouring of high-pressure airflow, solid desulfurization media are prone to "channeling" phenomenon (i.e., gas concentrates through the path with larger gaps in the media), resulting in some media not being fully utilized, reducing desulfurization accuracy and service life.

[0006] Short maintenance cycle: The packing is prone to compaction or pulverization under pressure fluctuations, and there is a lack of effective online adjustment methods, which leads to increased pressure drop and affects system stability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a pressurized desulfurization mechanism and a hydrogen production device containing the mechanism, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pressurized desulfurization mechanism, comprising: a movable filter element assembly for loading a gaseous desulfurization filling medium and achieving dynamic displacement; a desulfurization core assembly for supporting the movable filter element assembly and performing heat feedback heat exchange; a desulfurization shell assembly for guiding the spiral flow of gas and performing overall encapsulation; and a collection tank for settling and collecting impurities; wherein the desulfurization core assembly is installed inside the desulfurization shell assembly, the movable filter element assembly is disposed inside the desulfurization core assembly in an axially slidable manner, and the collection tank is connected to the bottom of the desulfurization shell assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the desulfurization core component assembly includes an inner cylinder shell, an outer spiral shell, and an upper cover cylinder. The inner cylinder shell is connected to the upper cover cylinder by threads, and the inner cylinder shell is connected to the outer spiral shell by threads.

[0010] Preferably, the desulfurization shell assembly includes a cylinder, the top side of which is provided with a second connection port, and the cylinder is connected to the top outer surface of the inner cylinder shell by threads.

[0011] Preferably, the outer spiral shell is compressed and fixed between the cylinder and the inner cylinder shell, a venting cavity is formed between the outer spiral shell and the cylinder, and a heat-conducting cavity is formed between the outer spiral shell and the inner cylinder shell.

[0012] Preferably, the inner cylinder shell forms a core cavity inside, the movable filter element assembly slides axially in the core cavity, and the inner cylinder shell has a vent that connects the venting cavity and the core cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the movable filter element assembly includes a filter element housing, the bottom of the filter element housing is provided with a lower air inlet screen, the top of the filter element housing is provided with an upper air outlet screen, and at least three sets of partitions for separating the loading and filling media are installed inside the filter element housing.

[0014] Preferably, the collection tank is connected to the bottom end of the cylinder by a thread, and the bottom end of the cylinder is provided with a second vent, which connects the collection tank and the cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, a guide frame is installed in the second vent, and a base is installed at the bottom of the outer spiral shell. The guide frame is inserted into the base through a protrusion, and the outer spiral shell is positioned by the guide frame and the base.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the upper cover cylinder is provided with a connection port for connecting to an external exhaust pipe, and the connection port communicates with the core cavity.

[0017] A hydrogen production device includes the aforementioned pressurized desulfurization mechanism.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: By utilizing the spiral ventilation cavity formed by the outer spiral shell and the cylinder, the high-pressure gas undergoes high-speed swirling before entering the desulfurization zone. The centrifugal force principle is used to effectively separate water, oil, and solid impurities in the gas and allow them to settle into the collection tank, eliminating the need for an additional gas-liquid separator and significantly reducing the size of the device. The mechanism adopts a thermal coupling design, which transfers the waste heat generated by the desulfurization reaction to the outer spiral channel in real time through the heat transfer medium in the inner shell and heat transfer cavity. This not only achieves preheating of the incoming raw gas and improves the reaction activity, but also plays a certain role in heat preservation and reduces the device's dependence on external heat sources. The "air-lift and gravity-fall" design of the movable filter element assembly keeps the desulfurization process in dynamic equilibrium. The pneumatic lifting during startup ensures the looseness of the bed; the gravity-fall during shutdown generates mechanical impact, which can effectively shake and redistribute the filling medium in the filter element housing, eliminate the fixed air channels (channels) formed by long-term operation, and ensure the uniformity of gas-medium contact. The inner cylinder shell, outer spiral shell and cylinder are connected by threads and base positioning, which has high structural strength and can withstand pressure pulsation under pressurized conditions. At the same time, the multi-layer design in the filter element prevents excessive accumulation of the medium during the movement process and ensures stable system pressure drop. The collection tank and cylinder, as well as the filter element and inner cylinder, are all detachably connected. The collection tank can be cleaned independently on a regular basis, while the movable filter element design slows down the pulverization rate of the medium and extends the service life of a single filling. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall two-dimensional cross-section of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional cross-section of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer spiral shell portion of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 01. Movable filter element assembly; 11. Filter element housing; 12. Lower air inlet screen; 13. Upper air outlet screen; 02. Desulfurization core assembly; 21. Inner cylinder housing; 211. Vent one; 22. Outer spiral housing; 221. Base; 23. Upper cover cylinder; 231. Connection port one; 03. Desulfurization shell assembly; 31. Cylinder; 32. Connection port two; 33. Vent two; 34. Guide frame; 04. Collection tank; 51. Core cavity; 52. Heat conduction cavity; 53. Vent cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] One embodiment provided by the present invention: refer to Figures 1-4 A pressurized desulfurization mechanism, comprising: Movable filter element assembly 01, desulfurization core assembly 02, desulfurization shell assembly 03, and collection tank 04.

[0023] The movable filter element assembly 01 is used to load the filling medium for gas desulfurization. The movable filter element assembly 01 includes a filter element housing 11. The top of the filter element housing 11 is provided with an upper air outlet net 13, and the bottom of the filter element housing 11 is provided with a lower air inlet net 12. The filter element housing 11 is equipped with at least three sets of partitions, and these partitions are used to separate the loading filling medium.

[0024] The desulfurization core component assembly 02 includes an inner cylinder shell 21, an outer spiral shell 22, and an upper cover cylinder 23. The inner cylinder shell 21 is connected to the upper cover cylinder 23 by threads, and the inner cylinder shell 21 is connected to the outer spiral shell 22 by threads. The outer spiral shell 22 has a spiral structure design. The outer spiral shell 22 and the inner cylinder shell 21 form a heat-conducting cavity 52, which is filled with a heat-conducting medium. The movable filter element component assembly 01 slides axially in the core cavity 51. The top of the upper cover cylinder 23 is provided with a connection port 231, which is used to connect to an external exhaust pipe.

[0025] refer to Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The structure of the vent 211 and the base 221 is shown in the figure.

[0026] The desulfurization shell component assembly 03 includes a cylinder 31. The top side of the cylinder 31 is provided with a second connection port 32, which is used to connect to an external gas supply pipe. The cylinder 31 is connected to the top outer surface of the inner cylinder shell 21 by threads. The outer spiral shell 22 is squeezed between the cylinder 31 and the inner cylinder shell 21. The bottom end of the cylinder 31 is provided with a second vent 33.

[0027] The collection tank 04 is connected to the bottom end of the cylinder 31 via a thread, and the vent 33 connects the collection tank 04 and the cylinder 31.

[0028] The outer spiral shell 22 and the cylinder 31 form a ventilation chamber 53, which is used to circulate the gas that needs to be desulfurized.

[0029] A guide frame 34 is installed in the second vent 33, and a base 221 is installed at the bottom of the outer spiral shell 22. The guide frame 34 is inserted into the base 221 through a protrusion. The guide frame 34 and the base 221 are used to position the outer spiral shell 22.

[0030] A hydrogen production device includes the aforementioned pressurized desulfurization mechanism.

[0031] Working principle: I. Intake Pretreatment and Centrifugal Separation Stage High-pressure raw material gas enters the cylinder 31 tangentially through the external gas supply pipeline and connector 32. Under pressure, the gas enters the ventilation cavity 53 formed by the outer spiral shell 22 and the inner wall of the cylinder 31. Due to the spiral guiding effect of the outer spiral shell 22, the gas is forced to descend in a spiral motion.

[0032] The centrifugal force generated during this process causes trace amounts of liquid droplets (water, oil) or large particles of impurities entrained in the gas to be thrown towards the inner wall of cylinder 31 under centrifugal force, and then slide down the wall under gravity, passing through vent 2 33 and finally settling in collection tank 04. This structure achieves physical removal of impurities from the gas before desulfurization, effectively preventing droplet contamination of the downstream filling medium.

[0033] II. Pneumatic Suspension and Dynamic Desulfurization Stage The gas, after preliminary purification, enters the core cavity 51 through the vent 211. In the initial state of device startup, the movable filter element assembly 01 is located at the bottom of the core cavity 51 under the action of gravity.

[0034] As high-pressure gas continuously flows in, the kinetic energy generated by the gas flow rate and the pressure difference across the lower inlet screen 12 push the movable filter element assembly 01 to overcome gravity and slide axially upwards within the core cavity 51 until its top end is capped at the upper part of the core cavity 51. The gas then evenly passes through the filling medium separated by various partitions within the filter element housing 11. Under pressure, the gas comes into full contact with the filling medium and undergoes a chemical desulfurization reaction. The purified gas is then discharged to the downstream section via the upper outlet screen 13 and connection port 231.

[0035] III. Thermal Coupling Feedback and Preheating Stage During the desulfurization chemical reaction, an exothermic effect occurs, and the heat is first conducted to the inner shell 21. Since the heat conduction cavity 52 is filled with a heat-conducting medium, the heat is efficiently transferred to the outer spiral shell 22.

[0036] At this time, the cold raw material gas spiraling down in the ventilation cavity 53 exchanges heat through the wall of the outer spiral shell 22. This thermal coupling structure of "internal heat release and external heat absorption" fully preheats the raw material gas using the residual heat of the reaction, which not only enhances the chemical activity of the gas entering the reaction zone, but also ensures the uniformity of the temperature field inside the core cavity 51, and suppresses the generation of "channeling effect" from a physical perspective.

[0037] IV. Shutdown Maintenance and Media Self-Cleanup Phase When the hydrogen production unit stops operating and the gas pressure disappears, the movable filter element assembly 01 loses its upward thrust and falls instantly from the top of the core cavity 51 back to the bottom under the action of gravity.

[0038] When the filter element falls to the bottom and generates a mechanical impact, the impact force is transmitted to the filling medium between the layers inside the filter element housing 11, producing minute vibrations. This action effectively shakes the medium particles, eliminates the fixed air channels formed by long-term unidirectional airflow, and readjusts the gaps between the filling medium. This dynamic adjustment ensures the randomness and uniformity of airflow distribution during the next startup, greatly extending the service life of the filter element and improving desulfurization efficiency.

[0039] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pressurized desulfurization mechanism, Includes, characterized in that: A movable filter element assembly used to load gas desulfurization filling medium and achieve dynamic displacement; A desulfurization core assembly used to support the movable filter element assembly and perform heat feedback heat exchange; A desulfurization shell component assembly used to guide the spiral flow of gas and to perform overall encapsulation; as well as Collection tanks used for settling and collecting impurities; The desulfurization core component assembly is installed inside the desulfurization shell component assembly, the movable filter element component assembly is axially slidable inside the desulfurization core component assembly, and the collection tank is connected to the bottom of the desulfurization shell component assembly.

2. The pressurized desulfurization mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desulfurization core component assembly includes an inner cylinder shell, an outer spiral shell, and an upper cover cylinder. The inner cylinder shell is connected to the upper cover cylinder by threads, and the inner cylinder shell is connected to the outer spiral shell by threads.

3. The pressurized desulfurization mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The desulfurization shell assembly includes a cylinder, and the top side of the cylinder is provided with a second connection port. The cylinder is connected to the top outer surface of the inner cylinder shell by threads.

4. The pressurized desulfurization mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer spiral shell is compressed and fixed between the cylinder and the inner cylinder shell, forming a ventilation cavity between the outer spiral shell and the cylinder, and a heat-conducting cavity between the outer spiral shell and the inner cylinder shell.

5. A pressurized desulfurization mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner cylinder shell forms a core cavity, and the movable filter element assembly slides axially in the core cavity. The inner cylinder shell has a vent that connects the venting cavity and the core cavity.

6. The pressurized desulfurization mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movable filter element assembly includes a filter element housing, with a lower air inlet screen at the bottom and an upper air outlet screen at the top. The filter element housing also has at least three sets of partitions for separating the loading and filling media installed inside.

7. A pressurized desulfurization mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collection tank is connected to the bottom end of the cylinder by a thread. The bottom end of the cylinder has a second vent, which connects the collection tank and the cylinder.

8. A pressurized desulfurization mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: A guide frame is installed in the second vent, and a base is installed at the bottom of the outer spiral shell. The guide frame is inserted into the base through a protrusion, and the outer spiral shell is positioned by the guide frame and the base.

9. A pressurized desulfurization mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the upper cover cylinder is provided with a connection port for connecting to an external exhaust pipe, and the connection port communicates with the core cavity.

10. A hydrogen production apparatus, characterized in that, Includes the pressurized desulfurization mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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