A device for crushing the oxide layer on the surface of steel billets

Abstract

This invention discloses a device for crushing the oxide layer on the surface of steel billets. Addressing the problems raised in the background art, the following solution is proposed: a support frame fixed to the top of a base by bolts and a first electric telescopic rod. Equally spaced conveying rollers are arranged above the base. First hinge seats are welded to both ends of the outer wall on one side of the bottom of the support frame. A second hinge seat is located below the first hinge seat, and a hinge shaft is inserted and fixed to the axis of the second hinge seat and the first hinge seat. This invention utilizes a guide groove opened along the width direction on the top of the base, allowing the positioning clamps to slide flexibly. Combined with the first electric telescopic rods on both sides, this provides uniform and stable clamping force, enabling rapid adaptation to steel billets of different widths without cumbersome mechanical adjustments. This significantly improves the versatility and operational efficiency of the equipment. Simultaneously, the cooperative structure of the guide groove and the positioning clamps ensures the positional accuracy of the steel billet during crushing and cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel billet processing technology, and in particular to a device for crushing the oxide layer on the surface of steel billets. Background Technology

[0002] Steel billets are the basic raw materials for steel production. During steelmaking and rolling, the surface of the billet undergoes an oxidation reaction with oxygen in the air due to the high-temperature environment, forming an oxide layer mainly composed of ferrous oxide, ferric oxide, and magnetite. The presence of this oxide layer is an inevitable phenomenon during the high-temperature processing of steel materials, and its thickness increases with rising heating temperatures, extended holding times, and sufficient contact with oxygen. If the oxide layer is not removed promptly during subsequent rolling, forging, and machining processes, it will directly affect the surface quality, dimensional accuracy, and mechanical properties of the steel products. For example, it can lead to defects such as pitting, cracks, and inclusions on the surface of finished steel products, reducing their corrosion resistance and service life. It also accelerates the wear of processing tools, increasing production costs. Therefore, the efficient and thorough removal of the oxide layer from the surface of the billet is a crucial pretreatment step in the steel production process, directly affecting the quality of the final product and its market competitiveness.

[0003] However, existing steel billet surface oxide layer crushing devices have many shortcomings in actual use and are difficult to meet the high efficiency, precision and environmental protection requirements of modern production.

[0004] Firstly, the positioning and fixing mechanisms suffer from poor adaptability and insufficient stability. Traditional billet positioning structures are mostly designed with fixed dimensions, lacking flexibility to adapt to billets of different widths. Changing billet specifications requires cumbersome mechanical adjustments, which are time-consuming and labor-intensive. Simultaneously, the clamping force distribution of the clamping mechanism is uneven. During the crushing process, the billet is prone to displacement or shaking due to vibration, leading to reduced positional accuracy of oxide layer crushing and incomplete crushing in some areas, affecting subsequent cleaning results.

[0005] Secondly, the oxide layer crushing effect is poor and the efficiency is low. Existing crushing devices mostly employ a single straight bar protrusion or flat plate crushing design, resulting in a relatively simple contact method with the billet surface and insufficient concentration of crushing force. This makes it difficult to completely crush thick or strongly adhered oxide layers, often requiring multiple repetitions. Furthermore, the angle and pressure of the crushing mechanism cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the oxide layer thickness and the flatness of the billet surface, leading to problems such as incomplete crushing and over-crushing during the crushing process. This not only affects operational efficiency but may also cause unnecessary damage to the billet substrate.

[0006] Third, the crushing process generates severe dust pollution and presents significant challenges for secondary cleaning. The crushing of the oxide layer produces a large amount of dust particles. Traditional equipment lacks effective dust collection and treatment structures, allowing dust to directly diffuse into the production environment. This not only pollutes the air and harms the health of operators but also adheres to the equipment surface, affecting its normal operation and lifespan. Furthermore, the pressure control of existing cleaning components lacks precision. Excessive pressure can easily scratch the surface of the billet during cleaning, while insufficient pressure can prevent the complete removal of residual oxide layers. Additionally, the cleaning components have poor heat dissipation when operating in high-temperature environments, leading to component aging and damage, further impacting cleaning efficiency and equipment stability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a device for crushing the oxide layer on the surface of steel billets.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A device for crushing the oxide layer on the surface of a steel billet includes a support frame fixed to the top of a base by bolts and a first electric telescopic rod. Equally spaced conveying rollers are arranged above the base. A first hinge seat is welded to both ends of the outer wall of the bottom side of the support frame. A second hinge seat is located below the first hinge seat, and a hinge shaft is inserted and fixed to the axis of the second hinge seat and the first hinge seat. A vibrating plate is welded to the bottom of the second hinge seat, and a second limiting hole is drilled through both ends of the outer wall of the vibrating plate on the side away from the second hinge seat. The frame has an installation slot directly above the second limiting hole, and the installation slot has a first limiting hole running vertically through it. A spring bolt is inserted into the inner wall of the first limiting hole, and a bolt head washer is fitted on the top outer wall of the spring bolt. An upper adjusting spring is fitted between the bolt head washer and the support frame, and a lower adjusting spring is fitted on the lower outer wall of the spring bolt. A nut washer is provided below the lower adjusting spring, and a first locking nut is threaded to the bottom of the spring bolt. A second locking nut is provided below the first locking nut. A bearing seat is bolted to the bottom outer wall of the vibrating plate near the second limiting hole, and a crushing roller is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bearing seat. A universal joint coupling is connected to one outer wall of the crushing roller, and the end of the universal joint coupling away from the crushing roller is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. A second electric telescopic rod is bolted to one side of the top of the support frame, and a cleaning component is fixed to the bottom of the second electric telescopic rod. A PLC controller is bolted to one outer wall of the support frame, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the cleaning component, the drive motor, and the first electric telescopic rod through wires.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the top of the base has a guide groove along the width direction, and a positioning clamp is slidably inserted into the inner wall of the guide groove. The outer walls of the two positioning clamps, which are quite far apart, are each fixed with a first electric telescopic rod by screws.

[0010] Preferably, the surface of the crushing roller is welded with S-shaped steel strips that are evenly distributed, and the S-shaped steel strips are in close contact with the bottom steel billet.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning assembly further includes a mounting base fixed at the bottom piston rod of the second electric telescopic rod, and a cylindrical grinding housing is rotatably disposed at the bottom center of the mounting base. The bottom of the cylindrical grinding housing is welded with cleaning wire brushes that are evenly distributed, and a servo motor is connected to the top center of the cylindrical grinding housing.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom outer wall of the cylindrical grinding housing has equidistantly distributed dust suction holes, and the top outer wall of the cylindrical grinding housing has symmetrically distributed ventilation slots.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the cylindrical grinding housing is rotatably connected to a sealing sleeve via a sealing bearing on the outer wall of the ventilation channel, and an air extraction pipe is connected to one inner wall of the sealing sleeve. The inner wall size of the sealing sleeve is adapted to the size of the ventilation channel.

[0014] Preferably, limit blocks are welded to both outer walls of the mounting base, and limit guide posts are welded to the bottom of the support frame directly above the limit blocks, with the limit guide posts and limit blocks forming an interlocking fit.

[0015] Preferably, a protective shell is fixed to one side of the outer wall of the mounting base by screws, and a pressure sensor is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the protective shell. A high-temperature alloy wave spring is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the pressure sensor, and a silicon nitride ceramic pressure block is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the high-temperature alloy wave spring. The bottom outer wall of the silicon nitride ceramic pressure block is in close contact with the top outer wall of the steel billet.

[0016] Preferably, the protective shell has equidistantly distributed heat dissipation holes on its four outer walls, and a rectangular mounting slot is formed on one outer wall of the protective shell. A cooling fan is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rectangular mounting slot, and the cooling fan is connected to a PLC controller via wires.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The present invention utilizes a guide groove on the top of the base along the width direction, allowing the positioning clamping block to slide and insert flexibly. Combined with the first electric telescopic rods on both sides, it provides uniform and stable clamping force, which can quickly adapt to steel billets of different widths without the need for cumbersome mechanical adjustments. This significantly improves the versatility of the equipment and the efficiency of work preparation. At the same time, the cooperative structure of the guide groove and the positioning clamping block ensures the positional accuracy of the steel billet during the crushing and cleaning process, avoiding displacement or shaking caused by vibration. This provides a stable foundation for subsequent oxide layer crushing and cleaning operations, ensuring the consistency of overall work quality. 2. The vibrating plate of the present invention is flexibly connected to the support frame through the hinge shaft connection of the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat. The spring bolts, together with the upper and lower adjusting springs, can precisely adjust the angle and pressure of the vibrating plate, so that the crushing roller always maintains the best contact state with the steel billet surface. The S-shaped steel strips welded to the surface of the crushing roller at equal intervals rotate at high speed under the drive of the drive motor through the universal joint coupling. Combined with the slight vibration of the vibrating plate, it can form multi-point and multi-angle impact and shearing force on the oxide layer. Even thick or strongly adhered oxide layers can be completely crushed, which greatly reduces the number of repetitive operations. The setting of the universal joint coupling effectively adapts to the angle change of the vibrating plate, ensuring the stability and continuity of power transmission, and further improving the efficiency and reliability of crushing operation. 3. In the cleaning component designed in this invention, the second electric telescopic rod drives the mounting base to move up and down, and with the guidance and positioning of the limiting block and the limiting guide post, the cleaning wire brush can accurately fit the surface of the steel billet. The servo motor drives the cylindrical grinding housing to rotate at high speed, achieving thorough cleaning of the residual oxide layer after crushing. The dust suction hole at the bottom of the cylindrical grinding housing, together with the ventilation slot, sealing sleeve and exhaust pipe at the top, can suck up and collect the dust generated during the cleaning process in real time, effectively preventing dust diffusion, ensuring the cleanliness of the production environment and the health of the operators. The pressure sensor inside the protective shell is connected to the silicon nitride ceramic pressure block through a high-temperature alloy wave spring, which can detect the contact pressure during the cleaning process in real time and feed the signal back to the PLC controller to achieve precise pressure control, avoiding scratching the surface of the steel billet or incomplete cleaning. At the same time, the heat dissipation slots on the protective shell, together with the cooling fan, can dissipate the heat generated during the operation of the component in a timely manner, delay the aging of the components, and improve the service life and operational stability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of a steel billet surface oxide layer crushing device proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall structure of a steel billet surface oxide layer crushing device proposed in this invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of a steel billet surface oxide layer crushing device proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of a steel billet surface oxide layer crushing device proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a steel billet surface oxide layer crushing device proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural breakdown diagram of a steel billet surface oxide layer crushing device proposed in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Conveyor roller; 3. Support frame; 4. First hinge seat; 5. Second hinge seat; 6. Vibrating plate; 7. Mounting slot; 8. First limiting hole; 9. Second limiting hole; 10. Spring bolt; 11. Bolt head washer; 12. Upper adjusting spring; 13. Lower adjusting spring; 14. Nut washer; 15. First locking nut; 16. Second locking nut; 17. Bearing seat; 18. Crushing roller; 19. Universal joint coupling; 20. Drive motor 21. Positioning clamp; 22. First electric telescopic rod; 23. Second electric telescopic rod; 24. Mounting base; 25. Cylindrical grinding housing; 26. Cleaning wire brush; 27. Dust suction hole; 28. Ventilation channel; 29. ​​Sealing sleeve; 30. Air extraction pipe; 31. Servo motor; 32. Limit block; 33. Limit guide post; 34. Protective shell; 35. Pressure sensor; 36. High-temperature alloy wave spring; 37. Silicon nitride ceramic pressure block; 38. PLC controller. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] Example 1, referring to Figure 1-6A device for crushing the oxide layer on the surface of a steel billet includes a support frame 3 fixed to the top of a base 1 by bolts and a first electric telescopic rod 22. Conveying rollers 2 are evenly distributed above the base 1. A first hinge seat 4 is welded to both ends of the outer wall of the bottom side of the support frame 3. A second hinge seat 5 is located below the first hinge seat 4, and a hinge shaft is inserted and fixed to the axis of the second hinge seat 5 and the first hinge seat 4. A vibrating plate 6 is welded to the bottom of the second hinge seat 5, and a second limiting hole 9 is opened through both ends of the outer wall of the vibrating plate 6 on the side away from the second hinge seat 5. The support frame 3 is located at the second limiting hole. A mounting slot 7 is visible directly above the mounting hole 9, and a first limiting hole 8 is vertically extending through the mounting slot 7. A spring bolt 10 is inserted into the inner wall of the first limiting hole 8, and a bolt head washer 11 is fitted on the top outer wall of the spring bolt 10. An upper adjusting spring 12 is fitted between the bolt head washer 11 and the support frame 3, and a lower adjusting spring 13 is fitted on the lower outer wall of the spring bolt 10. A nut washer 14 is provided below the lower adjusting spring 13, and a first locking nut 15 is threaded to the bottom of the spring bolt 10. A second locking nut 16 is provided below the first locking nut 15. The vibrating plate 6 has a bearing seat 17 fixed to the bottom outer wall near the second limiting hole 9 by bolts, and a crushing roller 18 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the bearing seat 17. A universal joint coupling 19 is connected to one outer wall of the crushing roller 18, and the output shaft of the drive motor 20 is connected to the end of the universal joint coupling 19 away from the crushing roller 18. A second electric telescopic rod 23 is fixed to the top side of the support frame 3 by bolts, and a cleaning component is fixed to the bottom of the second electric telescopic rod 23. A PLC controller 38 is fixed to one outer wall of the support frame 3 by bolts, and the PLC controller 38 is electrically connected to the cleaning component, the drive motor 20 and the first electric telescopic rod 22 through wires. The base 1 has a guide groove on its top outer wall along the width direction, and a positioning clamp 21 is slidably inserted into the inner wall of the guide groove. The outer walls of the two positioning clamps 21 on opposite sides are fixed with a first electric telescopic rod 22 by screws. The surface of the crushing roller 18 is welded with S-shaped steel strips that are evenly distributed, and the S-shaped steel strips are in close contact with the bottom steel billet. The cleaning assembly also includes a mounting base 24 fixed at the bottom piston rod of the second electric telescopic rod 23, and a cylindrical grinding housing 25 is rotatably provided at the bottom center of the mounting base 24. The bottom of the cylindrical grinding housing 25 is welded with cleaning wire brushes 26 distributed at equal intervals, and a servo motor 31 is connected to the top center of the cylindrical grinding housing 25. The bottom outer wall of the cylindrical grinding housing 25 has equidistantly distributed dust suction holes 27, and the top outer wall of the cylindrical grinding housing 25 has symmetrically distributed ventilation slots 28. The top of the cylindrical grinding housing 25 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the ventilation channel 28 via a sealed bearing, and an air extraction pipe 30 is connected to one inner wall of the sealed sleeve 29. The inner wall size of the sealed sleeve 29 is adapted to the size of the ventilation channel 28. Limiting blocks 32 are welded to both outer walls of the mounting base 24, and limiting guide posts 33 are welded to the bottom of the support frame 3 directly above the limiting blocks 32. The limiting guide posts 33 and the limiting blocks 32 form an interlocking fit. A protective shell 34 is fixed to one side of the outer wall of the mounting base 24 by screws, and a pressure sensor 35 is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the protective shell 34. A high-temperature alloy wave spring 36 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the pressure sensor 35, and a silicon nitride ceramic pressure block 37 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the high-temperature alloy wave spring 36. The bottom outer wall of the silicon nitride ceramic pressure block 37 is in close contact with the top outer wall of the steel billet. The protective shell 34 has heat dissipation holes and slots evenly distributed around its four outer walls, and a rectangular mounting slot is formed on one outer wall of the protective shell 34. A cooling fan is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rectangular mounting slot, and the cooling fan is connected to a PLC controller 38 via wires.

[0022] Example 2, refer to Figure 1-6 A steel billet surface oxide layer crushing device includes installing the entire device at the pre-treatment station of the steel billet production line to ensure that the base 1 is firmly fixed to the ground and to ensure stability in subsequent operations. The guide groove opened on the top of the base 1 along the width direction provides a sliding track for the positioning clamp 21. The two positioning clamps 21 are arranged opposite to each other and slidably inserted into the inner wall of the guide groove. The outer walls of their opposite sides are fixedly connected to the first electric telescopic rod 22 by screws. The other end of the first electric telescopic rod 22 is fixed to the corresponding side of the base 1. Through the extension and retraction of the first electric telescopic rod 22, the positioning clamp 21 can be moved flexibly in the guide groove, thereby realizing the clamping and fixing of steel billets of different width specifications. The support frame 3 is fixed to the top of the base 1 by bolts. The first hinge seat 4, welded to both ends of the outer wall on one side of the bottom of the support frame 3, corresponds to the second hinge seat 5 on the top of the vibrating plate 6. A hinge shaft is inserted and fixed at the axis of both, allowing the vibrating plate 6 to rotate around the hinge shaft at a certain angle. Second limiting holes 9 are provided at both ends of the outer wall of the vibrating plate 6 away from the second hinge seat 5. A mounting slot 7 is provided on the support frame 3 directly above the second limiting hole 9. A first limiting hole 8 is provided vertically through the mounting slot 7. Spring bolts 10 pass through the first limiting hole 8 and the second limiting hole 9 in sequence, connecting the vibrating plate 6 to the support frame 3. Connected together, a bolt head washer 11 is fitted on the top outer wall of the spring bolt 10, an upper adjusting spring 12 is fitted between the bolt head washer 11 and the support frame 3, a lower adjusting spring 13 is fitted on the lower outer wall of the spring bolt 10, a nut washer 14 is provided below the lower adjusting spring 13, and a first locking nut 15 and a second locking nut 16 are threadedly connected to the bottom of the spring bolt 10. By adjusting the tightness of the first locking nut 15 and the second locking nut 16, in conjunction with the elastic action of the upper adjusting spring 12 and the lower adjusting spring 13, the tilt angle of the vibrating plate 6 and the contact pressure with the surface of the steel billet can be precisely controlled to ensure the effect of the crushing operation. A bearing seat 17 is bolted to the bottom outer wall of the vibrating plate 6 near the second limiting hole 9. The crushing roller 18 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bearing seat 17. The bearing seat 17 provides stable support for the crushing roller 18 and ensures its rotational flexibility. The surface of the crushing roller 18 is welded with S-shaped steel strips that are evenly distributed. These S-shaped steel strips are close to the bottom steel billet surface during crushing operations, which can enhance the impact and shearing effect on the oxide layer. One side of the outer wall of the crushing roller 18 is connected to the universal joint coupling 19. The end of the universal joint coupling 19 away from the crushing roller 18 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 20. After the drive motor 20 starts, it transmits power to the crushing roller 18 through the universal joint coupling 19, causing the crushing roller 18 to rotate at high speed. At the same time, the universal joint coupling 19 can adapt to the angle change of the vibrating plate 6 to ensure the continuity and stability of power transmission and avoid power transmission interruption or damage to components due to the adjustment of the angle of the vibrating plate 6. A second electric telescopic rod 23 is bolted to one side of the top of the support frame 3. A mounting base 24 for the cleaning component is fixed to the bottom piston rod of the second electric telescopic rod 23. Limiting blocks 32 are welded to both outer walls of the mounting base 24. Limiting guide posts 33 are welded to the bottom of the support frame 3 directly above the limiting blocks 32. The limiting guide posts 33 and the limiting blocks 32 form a plug-in fit. When the second electric telescopic rod 23 moves the mounting base 24 up and down, the limiting blocks 32 slide along the limiting guide posts 33, serving a guiding and positioning function to prevent the cleaning component from moving up and down. The mounting base 24 is offset to ensure the working accuracy of the cleaning components. A cylindrical grinding housing 25 is rotatably installed at the bottom center of the mounting base 24. The bottom of the cylindrical grinding housing 25 is welded with cleaning wire brushes 26 that are evenly distributed. The cleaning wire brushes 26 are made of high-strength wear-resistant material and can effectively remove the residual oxide layer after the steel billet is broken. The top center of the cylindrical grinding housing 25 is connected to the servo motor 31. After the servo motor 31 is started, it drives the cylindrical grinding housing 25 to rotate at high speed, which in turn drives the cleaning wire brushes 26 to grind and clean the surface of the steel billet. The bottom outer wall of the cylindrical grinding housing 25 has equidistantly distributed dust suction holes 27, and the top outer wall has symmetrically distributed ventilation slots 28. The top of the cylindrical grinding housing 25 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the ventilation slots 28 via a sealed bearing and a sealing sleeve 29. One inner wall of the sealing sleeve 29 is connected to an air extraction pipe 30, and the inner wall size of the sealing sleeve 29 is matched with the size of the ventilation slots 28 to ensure the sealing of the connection. During the cleaning operation, the air extraction pipe 30 is connected to an external dust collection device, and the dust generated during cleaning is sucked into the cylindrical grinding housing 25 through the dust suction holes 27, and then discharged from the air extraction pipe 30 through the ventilation slots 28 and the sealing sleeve 29, realizing real-time collection and treatment of dust. A protective shell 34 is fixed to one side of the outer wall of the mounting base 24 by screws. A pressure sensor 35 is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the protective shell 34. A high-temperature alloy wave spring 36 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the pressure sensor 35. A silicon nitride ceramic pressure block 37 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the high-temperature alloy wave spring 36. The bottom outer wall of the silicon nitride ceramic pressure block 37 is in close contact with the top outer wall of the steel billet. The pressure sensor 35 can detect the contact pressure between the silicon nitride ceramic pressure block 37 and the surface of the steel billet in real time and convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PLC controller 38. The protective shell 34 has heat dissipation holes and slots distributed at equal intervals on all four sides of its outer wall and a rectangular mounting slot on one side of its outer wall. A cooling fan is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rectangular mounting slot. The cooling fan is connected to the PLC controller 38 through wires. During the operation of the equipment, the cooling fan starts and works with the heat dissipation holes and slots to achieve ventilation and heat dissipation inside the protective shell 34, preventing the pressure sensor 35 and other components from being affected or damaged by the high temperature environment. A PLC controller 38 is fixed to one side of the outer wall of the support frame 3 by bolts. The PLC controller 38 is electrically connected to the drive motor 20, the first electric telescopic rod 22, the second electric telescopic rod 23, the servo motor 31, the pressure sensor 35 and the cooling fan through wires, so as to realize centralized control and coordinated linkage of the working status of each component, and ensure the automation and precision of the entire crushing and cleaning operation process.

[0023] Working principle: When the billet surface oxide layer crushing device of the present invention is working, the equipment is first started and the parameters are set by the PLC controller 38, including the clamping stroke of the positioning clamping block 21 corresponding to the width of the billet, the rotation speed of the crushing roller 18, the contact pressure of the vibrating plate 6, and the cleaning pressure of the cleaning component. Then, the billet is conveyed to the crushing operation area by the conveying rollers 2 evenly distributed above the base 1. When the billet reaches the designated position, the PLC controller 38 sends a signal to control the first electric telescopic rod 22 to start. The first electric telescopic rod 22 pushes the positioning clamping block 21 to move along the guide groove towards the billet until the two positioning clamping blocks 21 clamp and fix the billet, completing the billet positioning process and ensuring that the billet will not shift or shake during subsequent operations.

[0024] After positioning is completed, the PLC controller 38 controls the drive motor 20 to start. The drive motor 20 drives the crushing roller 18 to rotate at high speed through the universal joint coupling 19. At the same time, according to the preset parameters, the first locking nut 15 and the second locking nut 16 are adjusted, and with the elastic action of the upper adjusting spring 12 and the lower adjusting spring 13, the vibrating plate 6 is adjusted to a suitable angle and pressure. This ensures that the S-shaped steel strips on the surface of the crushing roller 18 are in close contact with the oxide layer on the surface of the billet. Under the continuous conveying action of the conveying roller 2, the billet moves slowly. The high-speed rotating S-shaped steel strips impact and shear the oxide layer on the surface of the billet, completely crushing the oxide layer and achieving the initial treatment of the oxide layer. During this process, the universal joint coupling 19 can flexibly adapt to the angle changes of the vibrating plate 6, ensuring the stability of power transmission and ensuring the continuity and effectiveness of the crushing operation.

[0025] After the crushing process is completed, the steel billet continues to be conveyed to the cleaning operation area via the conveyor roller 2. The PLC controller 38 controls the second electric telescopic rod 23 to start, which pushes the mounting base 24 downward along the limit guide post 33 until the cleaning wire brush 26 and the silicon nitride ceramic pressure block 37 are in close contact with the surface of the steel billet. At this time, the PLC controller 38 controls the servo motor 31 to start, which drives the cylindrical grinding housing 25 and the cleaning wire brush 26 to rotate at high speed, grinding and cleaning the residual oxide layer on the surface of the steel billet after crushing. At the same time, the PLC controller 38 controls the external dust collection equipment to start, forming a negative pressure environment through the air extraction pipe 30, the sealing sleeve 29 and the ventilation channel 28. The dust generated during the cleaning process passes through the cylindrical grinding housing 25. The dust suction hole 27 at the bottom is sucked in and discharged, realizing real-time collection of dust and avoiding environmental pollution. During the cleaning process, the pressure sensor 35 detects the contact pressure between the silicon nitride ceramic pressure block 37 and the steel billet surface in real time and feeds the pressure signal back to the PLC controller 38. If the pressure exceeds the preset value, the PLC controller 38 controls the second electric telescopic rod 23 to retract appropriately to reduce the cleaning pressure. If the pressure is lower than the preset value, it controls the second electric telescopic rod 23 to extend appropriately to increase the cleaning pressure, ensuring the cleaning effect while avoiding scratching the steel billet surface. In addition, the PLC controller 38 also controls the cooling fan to start, which, together with the heat dissipation holes on the protective shell 34, dissipates heat for components such as the pressure sensor 35, ensuring the normal operation of the components and the stability of the equipment operation.

[0026] In this device, the drive motor 20 is model Y2-132M-4, the first electric telescopic rod 22 and the second electric telescopic rod 23 are model DTZ300, the servo motor 31 is model MS1H1-10B30CB-A31N1, the pressure sensor 35 is model PT124G-111, the cooling fan is model AXIAL4020, and the PLC controller 38 is model Siemens S7-200SMART. These electronic and electrical devices are all connected to the corresponding interfaces of the PLC controller 38 through copper core wires to form a complete control loop. The PLC controller 38 achieves precise control and coordinated linkage of the working status of each component through preset programs and real-time feedback signals, ensuring that the entire device completes the crushing and cleaning of the oxide layer on the surface of the steel billet automatically, efficiently, and stably.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for crushing the oxide layer on the surface of a steel billet, comprising a support frame (3) fixed to the top of a base (1) by bolts and a first electric telescopic rod (22), characterized in that, The base (1) is provided with conveying rollers (2) evenly distributed above it, and the bottom side outer wall of the support frame (3) is welded with a first hinge seat (4) at both ends. The first hinge seat (4) is provided with a second hinge seat (5) below it. The second hinge seat (5) is fixed with a hinge shaft inserted at the axis of the first hinge seat (4). The bottom of the second hinge seat (5) is welded with a vibrating plate (6), and the vibrating plate (6) has a second limiting hole (9) through both ends on the side outer wall away from the second hinge seat (5). The support frame (3) is provided with an installation through groove (7) when viewed directly above the second limiting hole (9). 7) A first limiting hole (8) is opened vertically. A spring bolt (10) is inserted into the inner wall of the first limiting hole (8). A bolt head washer (11) is sleeved on the top outer wall of the spring bolt (10). An upper adjusting spring (12) is sleeved between the bolt head washer (11) and the support frame (3). A lower adjusting spring (13) is sleeved on the lower outer wall of the spring bolt (10). A nut washer (14) is provided below the lower adjusting spring (13). A first locking nut (15) is threaded to the bottom of the spring bolt (10). A second locking nut (16) is provided below the first locking nut (15). The vibrating plate (6) has a bearing seat (17) fixed to the bottom outer wall near the second limiting hole (9) by bolts. The inner wall of the bearing seat (17) is rotatably mounted with a crushing roller (18). A universal joint coupling (19) is connected to one side of the outer wall of the crushing roller (18). The end of the universal joint coupling (19) away from the crushing roller (18) is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (20). A second electric telescopic rod (23) is fixed to the top side of the support frame (3) by bolts. A cleaning component is fixed to the bottom of the second electric telescopic rod (23). A PLC controller (38) is fixed to one side of the outer wall of the support frame (3) by bolts. The PLC controller (38) is electrically connected to the cleaning component, the drive motor (20) and the first electric telescopic rod (22) by wires.

2. The billet surface oxide layer crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) has a guide groove on its top outer wall along the width direction, and a positioning clamp (21) is slidably inserted into the inner wall of the guide groove. The outer walls of the two positioning clamps (21) are respectively fixed with a first electric telescopic rod (22) by screws on the side that is quite far apart.

3. The billet surface oxide layer crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the crushing roller (18) is welded with S-shaped steel strips that are evenly distributed, and the S-shaped steel strips are in close contact with the bottom steel billet.

4. The billet surface oxide layer crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly also includes a mounting base (24) fixed at the bottom piston rod of the second electric telescopic rod (23), and a cylindrical grinding housing (25) is rotatably provided at the bottom center of the mounting base (24). The bottom of the cylindrical grinding housing (25) is welded with cleaning wire brushes (26) distributed at equal intervals, and a servo motor (31) is connected at the top center of the cylindrical grinding housing (25).

5. The billet surface oxide layer crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom outer wall of the cylindrical grinding housing (25) is provided with equally spaced dust suction holes (27), and the top outer wall of the cylindrical grinding housing (25) is provided with symmetrically distributed ventilation slots (28).

6. The billet surface oxide layer crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the cylindrical grinding housing (25) is connected to the outer wall of the ventilation channel (28) via a sealing bearing and a sealing sleeve (29). The inner wall of the sealing sleeve (29) is connected to an air extraction pipe (30). The inner wall size of the sealing sleeve (29) is adapted to the size of the ventilation channel (28).

7. The billet surface oxide layer crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Limiting blocks (32) are welded to both outer walls of the mounting base (24), and limiting guide posts (33) are welded to the bottom of the support frame (3) directly above the limiting blocks (32). The limiting guide posts (33) and the limiting blocks (32) are connected in an interlocking manner.

8. The billet surface oxide layer crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A protective shell (34) is fixed to one side of the outer wall of the mounting base (24) by screws, and a pressure sensor (35) is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the protective shell (34). A high-temperature alloy wave spring (36) is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the pressure sensor (35), and a silicon nitride ceramic pressure block (37) is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the high-temperature alloy wave spring (36). The bottom outer wall of the silicon nitride ceramic pressure block (37) is in close contact with the top outer wall of the steel billet.

9. The billet surface oxide layer crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective shell (34) has heat dissipation holes and grooves evenly distributed around its outer walls, and a rectangular mounting groove is provided on one side of the outer wall of the protective shell (34). A cooling fan is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rectangular mounting groove, and the cooling fan is connected to a PLC controller (38) via a wire.

Images