A spline bushing turning device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of turning technology, specifically to a spline bushing turning apparatus, comprising a turning table, with a first support shaft and a second support shaft alternately arranged above the turning table. A four-jaw chuck is fixedly fitted onto the exterior of both the first and second support shafts. A prism passes through the first support shaft, and a support seat is rotatably fitted onto the exterior of the first support shaft. The turning table is provided with a spacing adjustment structure for adjusting the horizontal position of the prism and the support seat. A first translation seat is provided above the turning table, and a first servo motor is fixedly connected to the first translation seat. A rotating block is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor. This allows a single device to cover the full-size spline bushing processing needs from short to long bushings, significantly reducing the user's equipment procurement costs and workshop floor space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turning technology, and in particular to a turning apparatus for spline bushings. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component for transmitting torque, the machining accuracy of spline bushings directly determines the smoothness of the transmission system. In existing turning equipment, for the mass production of spline bushings, traditional single-spindle lathes can only process one workpiece at a time, with a significant portion of the time spent on loading and unloading. To improve efficiency, twin-spindle lathes have emerged, mounting two parallel spindles on the lathe. However, these typically require two high-power spindle motors. While this improves turning efficiency, it cannot accommodate long bushings exceeding the overhang limit of a single chuck, severely limiting the equipment's application scenarios and requiring users to purchase a dedicated long-spindle lathe.

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a more suitable facility that meets the needs of users is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a spline bushing turning device to solve the problem that the above-mentioned device usually requires two high-power spindle motors to be installed on the lathe, which improves turning efficiency but cannot clamp long bushings with a length exceeding the overhang limit of a single chuck, thus severely limiting the application scenarios of the device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a spline bushing turning apparatus, including a turning table, with a first support shaft and a second support shaft alternately arranged above the turning table, and a four-jaw chuck fixedly fitted on the outside of both the first and second support shafts, a prism passing through the first support shaft, and a support seat rotatably fitted on the outside of the first support shaft, and the turning table is provided with a spacing adjustment structure for adjusting the horizontal position of the prism and the support seat.

[0006] A first translation seat is provided above the turning table. A first servo motor is fixedly connected to the first translation seat. A rotating block is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to a second support shaft. The fixed plate has a groove adapted to the rotating block. An iron plate is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the second support shaft. A docking adjustment structure for adjusting the horizontal position of the iron plate and the first translation seat is installed on the turning table. Insertion mechanisms adapted to the second support shaft and the rotating block are installed on the prism. A double-sided turning structure for turning spline bushings located on both sides is provided above the turning table. In the first working mode, the first translation seat... The docking adjustment structure is driven to translate independently so that the rotating block engages with the prism through the plug-in mechanism, or the rotating block engages directly with the second support shaft through the fixed plate. This allows the first servo motor to selectively drive the four-jaw chuck on the corresponding side to rotate, while the four-jaw chuck on the other side remains stationary for loading and unloading. In the second working mode, the docking adjustment structure drives the first translation seat and the iron plate to translate as a whole until the second support shaft is coaxial with the first support shaft. The spacing adjustment structure drives the prism to extend and rigidly lock it with the second support shaft through the plug-in mechanism, thereby forcing the first support shaft and the second support shaft to maintain mechanical synchronous rotation under the same power source, thus completing the clamping of the long spline bushing.

[0007] Optionally, a fixed frame is fixedly connected to the turning table, and a positioning block adapted to the slide groove passes through the fixed frame. Several balls are rotatably connected to the positioning block. Both ends of the rotating block are respectively provided with arc-shaped surfaces adapted to the fixed plate, and the balls and the arc-shaped surfaces on the rotating block are in contact. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, and a first groove is opened on the positioning block. Several first compression springs are provided in the first groove, and both ends of the first compression springs are fixedly connected to the fixed plate and the inner wall of the first groove, respectively.

[0008] Optionally, the docking adjustment structure includes stop blocks respectively disposed on both sides of the iron plate, a guide strip penetrating the iron plate, the two ends of the guide strip being fixedly connected to the two stop blocks, and the stop blocks being fixedly connected to the turning table. An electromagnet adapted to the iron plate is fixedly connected to the turning table, a movable shell is slidably mounted on the turning table, the movable shell is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first translation seat, a number of movable columns are fixedly connected to the first translation seat, the movable columns penetrating the movable shell, a second compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the movable column, and the two ends of the second compression spring are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the first translation seat and the movable shell respectively, a translation component adapted to the movable shell is installed on the turning table, a locking device adapted to the first translation seat is installed on the turning table, a third hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the first translation seat, an insertion block is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the third hydraulic telescopic rod, and an insertion hole adapted to the insertion block is opened on the iron plate.

[0009] Optionally, the translation component includes a first lead screw rotatably mounted on the turning table, and the connection between the first lead screw and the movable housing is a threaded connection. A second servo motor is fixedly connected to the turning table, and the output end of the second servo motor is fixedly connected to the first lead screw.

[0010] Optionally, the locking device includes a pressing plate disposed above the fixed frame. The fixed frame has a guide hole, and a sliding frame is slidably installed on the guide hole. The bottom end of the sliding frame is fixedly connected to the top end of the first translation seat, and the top end of the sliding frame is in contact with the bottom of the pressing plate. A second hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, and the telescopic end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the pressing plate.

[0011] Optionally, the insertion mechanism includes a straightening column fixedly installed on the prism. A first support plate is fixedly connected to the end of the straightening column away from the prism. A movable seat is provided on the side of the first support plate away from the straightening column. A second support plate is provided on the side of the movable seat away from the first support plate. A second groove is opened on the side of the movable seat facing the second support plate. A limit block passes through the second support plate. The end of the limit block facing the first support plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second groove. The first support plate and the second support plate are fixedly connected by several connecting columns. A first tension spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting columns. The two ends of the first tension spring are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the second support plate and the second groove, respectively. Limiting grooves adapted to the limit blocks are opened on the second support shaft and the rotating block. A first hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the first translation seat. Two push blocks are fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod. An inclined surface adapted to the straightening column is provided on the side of the two push blocks that are close to each other.

[0012] Optionally, the spacing adjustment structure includes a fourth hydraulic telescopic rod fixedly installed on the turning table, and the telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the support base. A fifth hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the support base, and the telescopic end of the fifth hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the support plate. The support plate and the prism are rotatably connected.

[0013] Optionally, a sixth hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the support base, and a pressing seat adapted to the first support shaft is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the sixth hydraulic telescopic rod.

[0014] Optionally, the double-sided turning structure includes a frame fixedly installed on the top of the turning table, a second lead screw rotatably connected to the frame, a second translation seat threaded onto the outer thread of the second lead screw, and the second translation seat and the frame slidably connected, a third servo motor fixedly connected to the frame, and the output end of the third servo motor fixedly connected to the second lead screw, a fourth servo motor fixedly connected to the second translation seat, a rotating plate fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth servo motor, a movable sleeve slidably fitted onto the outer thread of the rotating plate, a turning tool fixedly connected to the movable sleeve, a third groove formed on the rotating plate, a plurality of second tension springs provided in the third groove, the two ends of the second tension springs being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable sleeve and the inner wall of the third groove respectively, and a push unit adapted to the movable sleeve being installed on the second translation seat.

[0015] Optionally, the pushing unit includes support columns fixedly installed on both sides of the movable sleeve, a pushing frame is slidably mounted on the outside of the second translation seat, the pushing frame has four inclined slots adapted to the support columns, a seventh hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the second translation seat, the telescopic end of the seventh hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the pushing frame, fixed seats are fixedly connected to both sides of the second translation seat, guide blocks are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the movable sleeve, and guide slots adapted to the guide blocks are provided on the fixed seats.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It can clamp splined bushings of different lengths, is applicable to various application scenarios, and simultaneously meets the precision turning requirements of long splined bushings with no relative torsion at both ends. It effectively solves the technical problems of high cost and complex synchronous control algorithms caused by the need for two high-power spindle motors in traditional twin-spindle lathes. This mechanically forced synchronization structure ensures that there is no accumulation of relative torsion angles at both ends of the long splined bushing during the turning process, fundamentally avoiding the phase deviation of the workpiece head and tail caused by traditional one-clamp-one-lift process or dual-motor asynchronous drive, and significantly improving the phase angle accuracy of the splined bushing. In short workpiece mode, the staggered side-by-side layout completely physically isolates the operator's safe loading and unloading area from the high-speed cutting area, realizing parallel operation of cutting and loading / unloading. In long workpiece mode, the coaxial alignment and mechanical locking structure fundamentally eliminates the workpiece torsional deformation caused by the failure of electronic synchronization control, so that a single machine can cover the full-size splined bushing processing needs from short bushings to long bushings, significantly reducing the user's equipment procurement costs and workshop floor space. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the overall structural schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the rotating plate and the movable sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combined state of the insertion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the insertion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the docking adjustment structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the iron plate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first translation seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the fixing frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled positioning block and fixing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The diagram is marked as follows:

[0031] 1. Turning table; 2. First support shaft; 3. Second support shaft; 4. Prism; 5. Four-jaw chuck; 6. First translation seat; 7. Iron plate; 8. Fixed plate; 9. Rotating block; 10. First servo motor; 11. Slide groove; 12. Fixed frame; 13. Positioning block; 14. Ball bearing; 15. Fixed plate; 16. First groove; 17. First compression spring; 18. Correcting column; 19. First support plate; 20. Movable seat; 21. Second support plate; 22. Second groove; 23. Limiting block; 24. Connecting column; 25. First tension spring; 26. Movable shell; 27. Movable column; 28. Second compression spring; 29. ​​First lead screw; 30. Second servo motor; 31. Guide bar; 32. Electromagnet; 33. First hydraulic telescopic rod; 34. Push block; 35. Guide hole; 36. Sliding frame; 37. Pressing plate; 38. Second hydraulic telescopic rod; 39. Third hydraulic telescopic rod; 40. Insert block; 41. Limiting groove; 42. Insertion hole; 43. Support seat; 44. Fourth hydraulic telescopic rod; 45. Fifth hydraulic telescopic rod; 46. Support plate; 47. Sixth hydraulic telescopic rod; 48. Pressing seat; 49. Frame; 50. Second lead screw; 51. Second translation seat; 52. Third servo motor; 53. Fourth servo motor; 54. Rotating plate; 55. Movable sleeve; 56. Turning tool; 57. Third groove; 58. Second tension spring; 59. Support column; 60. Push frame; 61. Inclined groove; 62. Fixed seat; 63. Guide groove; 64. Guide block; 65. Stop block; 66. Seventh hydraulic telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1, by Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 The present invention includes a turning table 1, with a first support shaft 2 and a second support shaft 3 alternately arranged above the turning table 1. A four-jaw chuck 5 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of both the first support shaft 2 and the second support shaft 3. A prism 4 passes through the first support shaft 2, and a support seat 43 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the first support shaft 2. The turning table 1 is provided with a spacing adjustment structure for adjusting the horizontal position of the prism 4 and the support seat 43.

[0034] A first translation seat 6 is provided above the turning table 1. A first servo motor 10 is fixedly connected to the first translation seat 6. A rotating block 9 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor 10. A fixed plate 8 is fixedly connected to the second support shaft 3. A groove 11 adapted to the rotating block 9 is opened on the fixed plate 8. An iron plate 7 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the second support shaft 3. A docking adjustment structure for adjusting the horizontal position of the iron plate 7 and the first translation seat 6 is installed on the turning table 1. An insertion mechanism adapted to the second support shaft 3 and the rotating block 9 is installed on the prism 4. A double-sided turning structure for turning spline bushings located on both sides is provided above the turning table 1. In the first working mode, the first translation seat 6 is driven to translate independently by the docking adjustment structure. To allow the rotating block 9 to engage with the prism 4 via the plug-in mechanism, or the rotating block 9 to engage directly with the second support shaft 3 via the fixed plate 8, the first servo motor 10 selectively drives the corresponding four-jaw chuck 5 to rotate, while the other four-jaw chuck 5 remains stationary during loading and unloading. In the second working mode, the docking adjustment structure drives the first translation seat 6 and the iron plate 7 to move as a whole until the second support shaft 3 and the first support shaft 2 are coaxial. The spacing adjustment structure drives the prism 4 to extend and rigidly lock it with the second support shaft 3 via the plug-in mechanism, forcing the first support shaft 2 and the second support shaft 3 to maintain mechanically synchronous rotation under the same power source, thus completing the clamping of the long spline bushing. The operator then fixes the spline bushing to be machined onto the two four-jaw chucks 5, and, through the first servo motor 10, drives the corresponding four-jaw chuck 5 to rotate. Motor 10 drives rotating block 9 to rotate. Rotating block 9 drives second support shaft 3 and four-jaw chuck 5 to rotate via fixed disk 8. It also performs machining on splined bushing located on one side of second support shaft 3 via a double-sided machining structure. After machining, the first translation seat 6 is moved to one side of prism 4 via a docking adjustment structure. Prism 4 and rotating block 9 are fixedly connected together via a plug-in mechanism. Then, rotating block 9 is driven to rotate by first servo motor 10. Rotating block 9 drives prism 4 and first support shaft 2 to rotate via plug-in mechanism. First support shaft 2 can then drive another splined bushing to rotate via four-jaw chuck 5. The double-sided machining structure can then machine the splined bushing located on one side of first support shaft 2. At this point, the operator can move the splined bushing located on the second support shaft 3... One side of the spline bushing is removed from the four-jaw chuck 5. When the length of the spline bushing to be machined reaches the preset specification, the iron plate 7 and the first translation seat 6 are moved synchronously by the docking adjustment structure to make the axes of the first support shaft 2 and the second support shaft 3 aligned. The operator places the spline bushing to be machined between the two four-jaw chucks 5, with the spline bushing sleeved on the outside of the prism 4. The support seat 43 and the first support shaft 2 are translated by the spacing adjustment structure to make the spacing between the two four-jaw chucks 5 reach the preset value. The two four-jaw chucks 5 are used to fix the two ends of the spline bushing respectively. Then, the spacing adjustment structure drives the prism 4 to slide relative to the first support shaft 2. The prism 4 and the second support shaft 3 are fixedly connected together by the insertion mechanism.The first servo motor 10 can drive the rotating block 9, the fixed disk 8, and the second support shaft 3 to rotate. The second support shaft 3 drives the prism 4 and the first support shaft 2 to rotate synchronously through the insertion mechanism. The two four-jaw chucks 5 drive the two ends of the splined bushing to rotate synchronously. The rotating block 9 drives the second support shaft 3 to rotate to process short bushings, or the rotating block 9 drives the insertion mechanism, the prism 4, and the first support shaft 2 to rotate to process short bushings. Alternatively, the rotating block 9 can drive the prism 4, which is locked together with the second support shaft 3, to rotate, causing the second support shaft 3 and the first support shaft 2 to rotate synchronously at the same speed. This allows for the clamping of splined bushings of different lengths, making it suitable for various application scenarios. It also meets the precision turning requirements of long splined bushings with no relative torsion at both ends, effectively solving the problem of traditional dual-spindle lathes requiring two high-power spindle motors. Overcoming the technical challenges of high cost and complex synchronous control algorithms, this mechanically forced synchronization structure ensures that there is no accumulation of relative torsional angles at both ends of the long spline bushing during turning. This fundamentally avoids the phase deviation between the beginning and end of the workpiece caused by traditional clamping and lifting processes or dual-motor asynchronous drives, significantly improving the phase angle accuracy of the spline bushing. In short workpiece mode, the staggered side-by-side layout completely physically isolates the operator's safe loading and unloading area from the high-speed cutting area, enabling parallel operation of cutting and loading / unloading. In long workpiece mode, the coaxial alignment and mechanical locking structure fundamentally eliminate workpiece torsional deformation caused by electronic synchronization control failure. This allows a single machine to cover the full-size spline bushing machining needs from short to long bushings, significantly reducing the user's equipment procurement costs and workshop floor space.

[0035] Example 2, based on Example 1, is... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12The turning table 1 is fixedly connected to a fixed frame 12. A positioning block 13 adapted to the slide groove 11 passes through the fixed frame 12. Several balls 14 are rotatably connected to the positioning block 13. The two ends of the rotating block 9 are respectively provided with arc-shaped surfaces adapted to the fixed plate 8, and the balls 14 and the arc-shaped surfaces on the rotating block 9 are in contact. A fixed plate 15 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 12. A first groove 16 is opened on the positioning block 13. Several first compression springs 17 are provided in the first groove 16. The two ends of the first compression springs 17 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the fixed plate 15 and the first groove 16, respectively. The docking adjustment structure includes stop blocks 65 respectively set on both sides of the iron plate 7. A guide strip 31 passes through the iron plate 7. The two ends of the guide strip 31 are fixedly connected to the two stop blocks 65. The turning table 1 is fixedly connected to the stop block 65 and the turning table 1. An electromagnet 32 ​​adapted to the iron plate 7 is fixedly connected to the turning table 1. A movable shell 26 is slidably mounted on the turning table 1, and the movable shell 26 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first translation seat 6. Several movable columns 27 are fixedly connected to the first translation seat 6, and the movable columns 27 penetrate the movable shell 26. A second compression spring 28 is sleeved on the outside of the movable columns 27, and both ends of the second compression spring 28 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the first translation seat 6 and the movable shell 26, respectively. A translation component adapted to the movable shell 26 is installed on the turning table 1. A locking device adapted to the first translation seat 6 is installed on the turning table 1. A third hydraulic telescopic rod 39 is fixedly connected to the first translation seat 6. The extension of the third hydraulic telescopic rod 39... The retractable end is fixedly connected to a plug 40. A plug hole 42, adapted to the plug 40, is provided on the iron plate 7. The translation component includes a first lead screw 29 rotatably mounted on the turning table 1, and the connection between the first lead screw 29 and the movable housing 26 is a threaded connection. A second servo motor 30 is fixedly connected to the turning table 1, and the output end of the second servo motor 30 is fixedly connected to the first lead screw 29. The locking device includes a pressing plate 37 positioned above the fixed frame 12. A guide hole 35 is provided on the fixed frame 12, and a sliding frame 36 is slidably mounted on the guide hole 35. The bottom end of the sliding frame 36 is fixedly connected to the top end of the first translation seat 6, and the top end of the sliding frame 36 contacts the bottom of the pressing plate 37. A second hydraulic telescopic rod 38 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 12. The telescopic end of the telescopic rod 38 is fixedly connected to the pressing plate 37. The insertion mechanism includes a straightening column 18 fixedly installed on the prism 4. A first support plate 19 is fixedly connected to the end of the straightening column 18 away from the prism 4. A movable seat 20 is provided on the side of the first support plate 19 away from the straightening column 18. A second support plate 21 is provided on the side of the movable seat 20 away from the first support plate 19. A second groove 22 is opened on the side of the movable seat 20 facing the second support plate 21. A limiting block 23 passes through the second support plate 21. The end of the limiting block 23 facing the first support plate 19 and the inner wall of the second groove 22 are fixedly connected. The first support plate 19 and the second support plate 21 are fixedly connected by several connecting columns 24. A first tension spring 25 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting columns 24.The two ends of the first tension spring 25 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the second support plate 21 and the second groove 22, respectively. The second support shaft 3 and the rotating block 9 are both provided with limiting grooves 41 that match the limiting block 23. A first hydraulic telescopic rod 33 is fixedly connected to the first translation seat 6. Two push blocks 34 are fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 33. The sides of the two push blocks 34 that are close to each other are provided with inclined surfaces that match the straightening column 18. The spacing adjustment structure includes a fourth hydraulic telescopic rod 44 fixedly installed on the turning table 1, and the telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic telescopic rod 44 is fixedly connected to the support seat 43. A fifth hydraulic telescopic rod 45 is fixedly connected to the support seat 43. A support plate 46 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the fifth hydraulic telescopic rod 45, and the support plate 46 is rotatably connected to the prism 4. A sixth hydraulic telescopic rod 47 is fixedly connected to the support seat 43, and a pressing seat 48 that matches the first support shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the sixth hydraulic telescopic rod 47.

[0036] The first compression spring 17 is initially in a compressed state, applying pressure to the positioning block 13. The ball bearing 14 is in close contact with the rotating block 9. The first servo motor 10 drives the rotating block 9 and the fixed disk 8 to rotate. The ball bearing 14 rolls sequentially on the fixed disk 8 and the rotating block 9. Only when the first translation seat 6 is driven to move horizontally, the insertion block 40 is driven to move via the third hydraulic telescopic rod 39, so that the insertion block 40 disengages from the insertion hole 42. The second servo motor 30 drives the first lead screw 29 to rotate, and the first lead screw 29 drives the movable shell 26 to translate. The movable shell 26 can then push the first translation seat 6 to translate. At this time, the rotating block 9 slides out of the slide groove 11, and the first compression spring 17 drives the positioning block 13 to slide relative to the fixed plate 15 and the fixed frame 12. The end of 13 away from the fixed plate 15 slides into the slide groove 11, and the position of the fixed plate 8 is limited by the positioning block 13 to prevent the fixed plate 8 and the second support shaft 3 from rotating relative to the iron plate 7. When it is necessary to drive the iron plate 7 and the first translation seat 6 to move simultaneously, the electromagnet 32 ​​is de-energized, the electromagnet 32 ​​releases the iron plate 7 from the fixation, and the third hydraulic telescopic rod 39 no longer drives the insert block 40 to disengage from the insertion hole 42. When the first translation seat 6 translates, the first translation seat 6 drives the iron plate 7 to slide relative to the guide strip 31 through the insert block 40, and drives the support seat 43 to move horizontally through the fourth hydraulic telescopic rod 44, so as to adjust the initial position of the first support shaft 2 in the horizontal direction. When the first translation seat 6 drives the rotating block 9 or the second support shaft 3 to move to one side of the limiting block 23, the first hydraulic telescopic rod 44 drives the support seat 43 to move horizontally, thus adjusting the initial position of the first support shaft 2 in the horizontal direction. The hydraulic telescopic rod 33 drives the push block 34 to move downwards. The inclined surface on one of the push blocks 34 first contacts the straightening column 18. As the push block 34 continues to move downwards, the straightening column 18 pushes the push block 34, the first translation seat 6, and the movable column 27 to translate relative to the movable shell 26. The second compression spring 28 is in a compressed state. Finally, the straightening column 18 is centered relative to the two push blocks 34. The rotation center of the drive end of the first servo motor 10 is located on the extension line of the axis of the first support shaft 2. The second hydraulic telescopic rod 38 drives the pressing plate 37 to move downwards, so that the pressing plate 37 presses the top of the sliding frame 36, so that the first translation seat 6 is fixedly connected relative to the turning table 1. At this time, the fifth hydraulic telescopic rod 45 drives the support plate 46 and the prism 4 to slide relative to the first support shaft 2, so that... Prism 4 drives the correcting column 18 and the limiting block 23 to move synchronously. Eventually, the end of the limiting block 23 contacts the second support shaft 3 or the rotating block 9. As the correcting column 18 continues to move, it pushes the first support plate 19 and the second support plate 21 to slide relative to the movable seat 20 and the limiting block 23. The first tension spring 25 is in a stretched state. At this time, the sixth hydraulic telescopic rod 47 drives the pressing seat 48 to move upward, so that the pressing seat 48 contacts the first support shaft 2. The pressing seat 48 positions the first support shaft 2 and the prism 4, preventing the first support shaft 2 and the prism 4 from rotating relative to the support seat 43. The first servo motor 10 drives the rotating block 9 to rotate. When the end of the limiting block 23 abuts against the rotating block 9, as the rotating block 9 continues to rotate...When the limiting groove 41 on the rotating block 9 and the limiting block 23 are aligned, the first tension spring 25 drives the movable seat 20 and the limiting block 23 to move, so that the end of the limiting block 23 is inserted into the limiting groove 41 on the rotating block 9. When the end of the limiting block 23 abuts against the second support shaft 3, the rotating block 9 drives the second support shaft 3 to rotate through the fixed plate 8. When the limiting groove 41 on the second support shaft 3 and the limiting block 23 are aligned, the first tension spring 25 drives the end of the limiting block 23 to insert into the limiting groove 41 on the second support shaft 3. Then, the sixth hydraulic telescopic rod 47 drives the pressing seat 48 to move downward, so that the pressing seat 48... No longer in contact with the first support shaft 2, when the rotating block 9 rotates, the rotating block 9 can drive the first support shaft 2 to rotate synchronously through the prism 4. When it is necessary to drive the first translation seat 6 and the iron plate 7 to move in the opposite direction to the initial position, the second hydraulic telescopic rod 38 drives the pressing plate 37 to move upward, and the pressing plate 37 no longer presses the sliding frame 36, releasing the fixation of the sliding frame 36 and the first translation seat 6. Similarly, the fifth hydraulic telescopic rod 45 drives the prism 4 to move in the opposite direction relative to the first support shaft 2, so that the limiting block 23 disengages from the limiting groove 41 on the rotating block 9 or the second support shaft 3, and drives the first servo motor 30 to move the first servo seat 6 and the iron plate 7 to move in the opposite direction to the initial position. When the lead screw 29 rotates in the reverse direction, the movable housing 26 drives the first translation seat 6 to move in the reverse direction. The first translation seat 6 drives the sliding frame 36 to slide relative to the fixed frame 12. When the insertion block 40 is located in the insertion hole 42, the first translation seat 6 drives the iron plate 7 to move synchronously in the reverse direction. Finally, the iron plate 7 abuts against a corresponding stop block 65. At this time, the iron plate 7 is located on one side of the electromagnet 32. The electromagnet 32 ​​is activated, and the electromagnet 32 ​​applies magnetic force to the iron plate 7 to fix the iron plate 7 relative to the turning table 1. The second hydraulic telescopic rod 38 drives the pressing plate 37 to move downward, and the guide bar 31 applies pressure to the sliding frame 36 to make the first translation seat 6 move in the reverse direction. The shifter 6 is fixed relative to the turning table 1. The first shifter 6, the second support shaft 3, and the iron plate 7 can simultaneously return to their initial positions. When the iron plate 7 and the second support shaft 3 do not move with the first shifter 6 to the side of the first support shaft 2, during the reverse translation of the first shifter 6, the first shifter 6 independently drives the rotating block 9 to move towards the fixed disk 8. Finally, the rotating block 9 slides back into the slide groove 11, and pushes the positioning block 13 out of the slide groove 11, releasing the restriction on the positions of the fixed disk 8 and the second support shaft 3. The rotating block 9 can then drive the fixed disk 8 to rotate synchronously, and the first shifter 6 can return to its initial position.

[0037] Example 3, based on Example 1, is... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The double-sided turning structure includes a frame 49 fixedly mounted on the top of the turning table 1. A second lead screw 50 is rotatably connected to the frame 49. A second translation seat 51 is threaded onto the outer side of the second lead screw 50, and the second translation seat 51 is slidably connected to the frame 49. A third servo motor 52 is fixedly connected to the frame 49, and the output end of the third servo motor 52 is fixedly connected to the second lead screw 50. A fourth servo motor 53 is fixedly connected to the second translation seat 51. A rotating plate 54 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth servo motor 53. A movable sleeve 55 is slidably fitted onto the outer side of the rotating plate 54. A turning tool 56 is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve 55. A third groove 57 is formed on the rotating plate 54, and several second tension springs 58 are provided in the third groove 57. The two ends of the spring 58 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable sleeve 55 and the inner wall of the third groove 57, respectively. A push unit adapted to the movable sleeve 55 is installed on the second translation seat 51. The push unit includes support columns 59 fixedly installed on both sides of the movable sleeve 55. A push frame 60 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the second translation seat 51. Four inclined grooves 61 adapted to the support columns 59 are opened on the push frame 60. A seventh hydraulic telescopic rod 66 is fixedly connected to the second translation seat 51. The telescopic end of the seventh hydraulic telescopic rod 66 is fixedly connected to the push frame 60. Fixed seats 62 are fixedly connected to both sides of the second translation seat 51. Guide blocks 64 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the movable sleeve 55. Guide grooves 63 adapted to the guide blocks 64 are opened on the fixed seats 62.

[0038] The fourth servo motor 53 drives the rotating plate 54 and the movable sleeve 55 to rotate synchronously, so that the turning tool 56 faces the side of the spline bushing to be turned, and the guide block 64 rotates to the side of the corresponding guide groove 63. The seventh hydraulic telescopic rod 66 drives the push frame 60 to move down, so that the support column 59 slides into the corresponding inclined groove 61. As the push frame 60 moves down, the inner wall of the inclined groove 61 pushes the support column 59 and the movable sleeve 55 to slide relative to the rotating plate 54. The second tension spring 58 is in a stretched state, and the movable sleeve 55 drives the guide block 64 located above to slide into the corresponding guide groove 63. Through the cooperation of the fixed seat 62, the guide groove 63 and the guide block 64, the movable sleeve 55 and the turning tool 56 move smoothly toward the spline bushing. The third servo motor 52 drives the second lead screw 50 to rotate, and the second lead screw 50 can drive the second translation seat 51 and the turning tool 56 to move. When the spline bushing rotates, the turning tool 56 can turn different positions on the spline bushing.

[0039] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention is limited to these examples; within the framework of the invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

Claims

1. A spline bushing turning apparatus, comprising a turning table (1), characterized in that, The turning table (1) is provided with a first support shaft (2) and a second support shaft (3) interlaced above it. A four-jaw chuck (5) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of both the first support shaft (2) and the second support shaft (3). A prism (4) passes through the first support shaft (2). A support seat (43) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the first support shaft (2). The turning table (1) is provided with a spacing adjustment structure for adjusting the horizontal position of the prism (4) and the support seat (43). The turning table (1) is provided with a first translation seat (6) above it. A first servo motor (10) is fixedly connected to the first translation seat (6). A rotating block (9) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor (10). A fixed plate (8) is fixedly connected to the second support shaft (3). A groove (11) adapted to the rotating block (9) is opened on the fixed plate (8). An iron plate (7) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the second support shaft (3). A docking adjustment structure for adjusting the horizontal position of the iron plate (7) and the first translation seat (6) is installed on the turning table (1). An insertion mechanism adapted to the second support shaft (3) and the rotating block (9) is installed on the prism (4). A double-sided turning structure for turning the spline bushings located on both sides is provided above the turning table (1). In the first working mode, the The first translation seat (6) is driven to translate by the docking adjustment structure so that the rotating block (9) engages with the prism (4) through the plug-in mechanism, or the rotating block (9) engages directly with the second support shaft (3) through the fixed plate (8), so that the first servo motor (10) selectively drives the four-jaw chuck (5) on the corresponding side to rotate, while the four-jaw chuck (5) on the other side is in a stationary loading and unloading state. In the second working mode, the docking adjustment structure drives the first translation seat (6) and the iron plate (7) to translate as a whole until the second support shaft (3) and the first support shaft (2) are coaxial, and the spacing adjustment structure drives the prism (4) to extend and be rigidly locked with the second support shaft (3) through the plug-in mechanism, so as to force the first support shaft (2) and the second support shaft (3) to maintain mechanical synchronous rotation under the same power source, and complete the clamping of the long spline bushing.

2. The spline bushing turning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixed frame (12) is fixedly connected to the turning table (1). A positioning block (13) adapted to the slide groove (11) passes through the fixed frame (12). Several balls (14) are rotatably connected to the positioning block (13). The two ends of the rotating block (9) are respectively provided with arc-shaped surfaces adapted to the fixed plate (8), and the balls (14) and the arc-shaped surfaces on the rotating block (9) are in contact. A fixed plate (15) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (12). A first groove (16) is opened on the positioning block (13). Several first compression springs (17) are provided in the first groove (16). The two ends of the first compression springs (17) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed plate (15) and the first groove (16).

3. The spline bushing turning apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The docking adjustment structure includes stop blocks (65) respectively set on both sides of the iron plate (7), a guide strip (31) passing through the iron plate (7), the two ends of the guide strip (31) being fixedly connected to the two stop blocks (65), and the stop blocks (65) being fixedly connected to the turning table (1). An electromagnet (32) adapted to the iron plate (7) is fixedly connected to the turning table (1). A movable shell (26) is slidably installed on the turning table (1). The movable shell (26) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first translation seat (6). Several movable columns (27) are fixedly connected to the first translation seat (6). The movable columns (27) pass through the movable shell. (26) The movable column (27) is fitted with a second compression spring (28), and the two ends of the second compression spring (28) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first translation seat (6) and the movable shell (26) respectively. A translation component adapted to the movable shell (26) is installed on the turning table (1). A locking device adapted to the first translation seat (6) is installed on the turning table (1). A third hydraulic telescopic rod (39) is fixedly connected on the first translation seat (6). A plug (40) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the third hydraulic telescopic rod (39). A plug hole (42) adapted to the plug (40) is opened on the iron plate (7).

4. The spline bushing turning apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The translation component includes a first lead screw (29) rotatably mounted on the turning table (1), and the connection between the first lead screw (29) and the movable housing (26) is a threaded connection. A second servo motor (30) is fixedly connected on the turning table (1), and the output end of the second servo motor (30) is fixedly connected to the first lead screw (29).

5. The spline bushing turning apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The locking device includes a pressing plate (37) disposed above the fixed frame (12). The fixed frame (12) has a guide hole (35) and a sliding frame (36) is slidably installed on the guide hole (35). The bottom end of the sliding frame (36) is fixedly connected to the top end of the first translation seat (6). The top end of the sliding frame (36) is in contact with the bottom of the pressing plate (37). A second hydraulic telescopic rod (38) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (12). The telescopic end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod (38) is fixedly connected to the pressing plate (37).

6. The spline bushing turning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insertion mechanism includes a straightening column (18) fixedly installed on the prism (4). A first support plate (19) is fixedly connected to one end of the straightening column (18) away from the prism (4). A movable seat (20) is provided on the side of the first support plate (19) away from the straightening column (18). A second support plate (21) is provided on the side of the movable seat (20) away from the first support plate (19). A second groove (22) is opened on the side of the movable seat (20) facing the second support plate (21). A limiting block (23) passes through the second support plate (21). The end of the limiting block (23) facing the first support plate (19) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second groove (22). 19) The second support plate (21) is fixedly connected by several connecting columns (24). The connecting column (24) is fitted with a first tension spring (25). The two ends of the first tension spring (25) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second support plate (21) and the second groove (22), respectively. The second support shaft (3) and the rotating block (9) are both provided with a limiting groove (41) that matches the limiting block (23). The first translation seat (6) is fixedly connected with a first hydraulic telescopic rod (33). The telescopic end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod (33) is fixedly connected with two push blocks (34). The two push blocks (34) are both provided with an inclined surface that matches the straightening column (18) on the side that is close to each other.

7. The spline bushing turning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing adjustment structure includes a fourth hydraulic telescopic rod (44) fixedly installed on the turning table (1), and the telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic telescopic rod (44) is fixedly connected to the support seat (43). A fifth hydraulic telescopic rod (45) is fixedly connected to the support seat (43), and the telescopic end of the fifth hydraulic telescopic rod (45) is fixedly connected to the support plate (46). The support plate (46) and the prism (4) are rotatably connected.

8. The spline bushing turning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sixth hydraulic telescopic rod (47) is fixedly connected to the support base (43), and a pressing seat (48) adapted to the first support shaft (2) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the sixth hydraulic telescopic rod (47).

9. The spline bushing turning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The double-sided turning structure includes a frame (49) fixedly mounted on the top of the turning table (1). A second lead screw (50) is rotatably connected to the frame (49). A second translation seat (51) is threaded onto the external thread of the second lead screw (50), and the second translation seat (51) and the frame (49) are slidably connected. A third servo motor (52) is fixedly connected to the frame (49), and the output end of the third servo motor (52) is fixedly connected to the second lead screw (50). A fourth servo motor (53) is fixedly connected to the second translation seat (51). A rotating plate (54) is fixedly connected to the output end of the machine (53). A movable sleeve (55) is provided on the outer sliding sleeve of the rotating plate (54). A turning tool (56) is fixedly connected on the movable sleeve (55). A third groove (57) is provided on the rotating plate (54). Several second tension springs (58) are provided in the third groove (57). The two ends of the second tension springs (58) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable sleeve (55) and the inner wall of the third groove (57) respectively. A push unit adapted to the movable sleeve (55) is installed on the second translation seat (51).

10. The spline bushing turning apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The pushing unit includes support columns (59) fixedly installed on both sides of the movable sleeve (55). The outer side of the second translation seat (51) is fitted with a pushing frame (60). The pushing frame (60) has four inclined slots (61) adapted to the support columns (59). The second translation seat (51) is fixedly connected with a seventh hydraulic telescopic rod (66). The telescopic end of the seventh hydraulic telescopic rod (66) is fixedly connected to the pushing frame (60). Fixed seats (62) are fixedly connected to both sides of the second translation seat (51). Guide blocks (64) are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the movable sleeve (55). The fixed seats (62) have guide slots (63) adapted to the guide blocks (64).

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