A planar polishing apparatus for polyurethane polishing pads and methods of use thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a planar polishing device for polyurethane polishing pads and its usage method, belonging to the field of surface treatment technology. It includes a receiving unit and a polishing unit. The receiving platform and the through groove are integrally cast, combining the functions of reference, guide rail, and chip collection. The side stop blocks elastically engage with the sliding table, allowing for easy material placement and clamp-free fixing, eliminating the need for pressure plates, screws, and alignment time, reducing the changeover cycle to the second level. The transverse elastic ribs and soft lips create a click-sensitive positioning mechanism, allowing for easy manual pushing and automatic return to zero upon release. Internal wiring and dual short rail guidance prevent dust ingress and cable tangling, resulting in a lightweight, quiet machine that requires no long-term maintenance. The drive motor transmits power through a four-stage flexible relay system: polishing shaft – bonding wheel – polishing wheel, removing tool marks at the center and enhancing shine on both sides. A single-point ring polishing is equivalent to three polishing operations. Simply insert or remove one side bonding wheel to switch between single / double head modes, preserving right angles and controlling chamfering. It covers rough and fine polishing, heat-sensitive plates, and thin plates, eliminating the need for machine replacement or secondary wire drawing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surface treatment technology, and in particular to a planar polishing apparatus for a polyurethane polishing pad and its method of use. Background Technology

[0002] Existing surface polishing equipment generally adopts a "split cast iron worktable + external linear guide rail" structure, which has a large number of parts and occupies a large space. The workpiece clamping relies on special fixtures or screw plates, and repeated alignment and tightening are required when changing the type. The auxiliary time is much higher than the actual polishing time, making it difficult to adapt to small-batch, multi-specification production.

[0003] Traditional polishing heads use a single-axis rigid coupling, and coaxial errors are compensated by a hard metal connection. The starting impact is directly transmitted to the workpiece, and thin plates are prone to chipping at the edges. Simultaneous cutting on both sides inevitably produces micro-bevels, making it impossible to retain sharp right angles. Subsequent directional wire drawing or manual grinding is required, resulting in a long process chain and high costs.

[0004] Current reciprocating positioning systems for slide tables mostly employ spring-steel ball or pneumatic locking structures, which are prone to jamming and failure after polishing dust intrudes. The zero-return action requires manual secondary pushing, which is cumbersome. External cables / air hoses are exposed during slide table reciprocating, and the insulation layer wears down rapidly after dust adheres, leading to short circuits, cable dragging accidents, frequent downtime for maintenance, and low overall uptime. Therefore, a planar polishing device for polyurethane polishing pads and its usage method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a planar polishing device for polyurethane polishing pads and its usage method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a planar polishing device for polyurethane polishing pads, comprising a receiving unit and a polishing unit, wherein the polishing unit is slidably installed above the receiving unit, the receiving unit comprising a receiving platform and side blocks installed on both sides of the upper edge of the receiving platform, a sliding structure is laterally opened at the middle position of the upper surface of the receiving platform, guide rails are installed on both sides of the sliding structure, and sliding blocks are slidably arranged on the outer ring of the guide rails.

[0007] Preferably, the sliding structure includes a drive motor and a guide shaft mounted on one end of the drive motor, the outer ring of the guide shaft is fitted with a guide ring, and the other end of the guide shaft is movably connected to a hinge.

[0008] The upper surface of the receiving platform has a through-type transverse groove cut by the drive motor, forming the only linear motion channel in the entire receiving unit. Its overall through structure makes the stroke of the polishing unit equal to the groove length, maximizing the effective polishing area. The groove can also serve as a chip collection channel, and the polishing powder is automatically discharged to both ends with the reciprocating motion, reducing secondary scratches.

[0009] The guide shaft acts as a movable fulcrum within the groove, converting the vertical load of the polishing unit into a uniformly distributed pressure on the bottom and sidewalls of the groove.

[0010] The guide ring is fitted around the outer ring of the guide shaft to form an elastic transition layer, while also fitting against the bottom of the base plate. The elastic deformation provides preload force to prevent backlash impact during reverse reversal and improve surface roughness consistency. The hinge connects the guide shaft to the end of the drive motor, forming a floating hinge point. This allows the guide block to self-adaptively deflect within a certain range, compensating for thermal deformation and ground unevenness. The hinge point is located at the end of the groove, keeping the maximum bending moment away from the polishing area and reducing vibration transmission.

[0011] Preferably, the polishing unit includes a slide table and a clamping mechanism mounted on the side end face. A sliding receiving mechanism is slidably disposed on the outer end wall of the clamping mechanism, and a polishing mechanism is mounted on the outer end wall of the sliding receiving mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the slide table includes a top plate on the upper surface of the base plate, a side groove is laterally formed on the side end face of the top plate, and a side block is installed on the outer end face of the side groove; The receiving unit plays a dual role as a worktable and a track, making all the reference surfaces, guide surfaces, and load-bearing surfaces required for the polishing action onto the same casting.

[0013] The side stop is made of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane. It directly impacts and rubs the end face of the polished material repeatedly, so it needs to have both high wear resistance and micro elasticity. The side stop provides a support for the material and withstands the lateral thrust. The material is positioned with a light touch at one end, without the need for screws or pressure plates. The stop itself has micro elasticity, so the impact of reversing direction is "softly absorbed" and the edge of the workpiece will not be chipped.

[0014] The sliding structure has a through groove, allowing the polishing unit to reciprocate within the groove; the groove is also the guide rail, with no external parts, resulting in an extremely simple structure; the bottom plane of the groove directly serves as the platform, and the material placed on it naturally fits the bottom of the groove without the need for parallelism.

[0015] The sliding combination structure of the guide rail and the slider turns the push and pull into a constraint structure that can only move in a straight line; wherever the operator pushes, the slide will stop there, and it will lock in place when the operator releases the hand, without the need for an additional brake.

[0016] The clamping frame connects the sliding receiving mechanism and the polishing mechanism into a cantilever, so that all polishing reaction forces are first transmitted here and then distributed to the slide table.

[0017] Preferably, the guide ring is attached to the bottom of the base plate from top to bottom, so that the receiving unit and the polishing unit are combined into a whole.

[0018] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping frame and a built-in hidden beam that is horizontally installed in the inner cavity of the clamping frame. Short rails are horizontally opened on both sides of the front end face of the clamping frame, and horizontal elastic ribs are arranged horizontally between the two sets of short rails.

[0019] Preferably, the sliding receiving mechanism includes a receiving carrier and a reinforcing member installed on the rear end face of the receiving carrier, wherein a soft lip is installed at the bottom position of the reinforcing member and a top plate is installed on the front end face of the receiving carrier; The built-in concealed beam is a hidden beam in the clamping frame, allowing push-pull rods or cables to pass through it, achieving "internal wiring". The wires are no longer exposed, polishing powder cannot adhere, and short circuits and wire snagging accidents are prevented. The cavity itself also acts as a weight reduction hole, making the whole machine easier to push and pull.

[0020] The short rails provide two short rails for the sliding receiving mechanism to form a dual-point positioning; equidistant interfaces are left between the two short rails to hang shims or limit blocks of different widths.

[0021] The soft lip fits against the outer end wall of the clamping frame from the outside in, so that the sliding bearing mechanism can be softly positioned by the horizontal elastic ribs on both sides at the interval of the horizontal elastic ribs. When the sliding bearing mechanism moves laterally and completes its work at the current position, it can be rebounded by the pressure of the horizontal elastic ribs, thus returning to the initial position.

[0022] The soft lip uses its own elasticity to completely wrap around the outer wall of the sliding bearing mechanism, forming a continuous friction band; the enveloping contact transforms concentrated force into surface pressure, preventing the outer wall of the side plate from being pushed out of the dent, and the transverse elastic ribs can be disassembled individually. After wear, they can be peeled off and reattached like replacing a sealing ring, requiring no tools for maintenance and not affecting other parts.

[0023] The transverse elastic ribs clamp the soft positioning mechanism. The transversely arranged ribs resemble a rack, and the soft lip makes a slight clicking sound each time it passes over a rib. The operator can know which position the slider has reached by sound and feel, without having to look at the scale. The transverse elastic ribs apply symmetrical pressure to the soft lip simultaneously from both sides, and the sliding bearing mechanism is clamped in the middle without swaying left and right. During polishing, the pad surface remains parallel to the workpiece. The clamping force is provided by the elasticity of the transverse elastic ribs, eliminating the need for additional parts such as springs and steel balls. The number of structural components is reduced, and the number of failure points is reduced accordingly.

[0024] When the work is finished, the soft lip releases its stored elastic deformation energy, pushing the slider back in the opposite direction. The operator does not need to remember the "return to zero" direction, nor does he need to manually push it back a second time. The material itself takes care of the final step of the process. Preferably, the polishing mechanism includes a housing and a drive motor installed in the inner cavity of the housing. The drive motor drives the central transmission polishing shaft to rotate. The outer end wall of the central transmission polishing shaft is in contact with the bonding wheel. The other end of the bonding wheel is in contact with the outer end wall of the polishing wheel. The polishing wheel is installed vertically downward at the edge corner of the housing. The drive motor rotates the central transmission polishing shaft. The outer end face of the central transmission polishing shaft is in contact with two sets of bonding wheels, which rotate synchronously under the drive of the central transmission polishing shaft. The other outer end face of the bonding wheels drives the polishing wheel to rotate. This, in turn, drives the downward-extending long-shaft polishing rod to perform rotary polishing on the temporarily fixed material.

[0025] The drive motor introduces the external motor torque into the polishing mechanism as a whole, and the central transmission polishing shaft transmits the torque from the drive end of the drive motor to the two sets of contact wheels, which is the main shaft of the entire polishing mechanism.

[0026] The bonding wheel is a connecting wheel that is sandwiched between the center transmission polishing shaft and the center of the polishing wheel. It is driven by the central shaft and also transmits power to the polishing wheel. Its double-sided bonding forms an "elastic coupling" that automatically compensates for the coaxiality error between the central shaft and the polishing wheel, resulting in smoother operation. The soft surface absorbs the starting impact, avoiding the direct delivery of sudden torque changes to the workpiece and reducing the risk of edge chipping. The polishing wheel extends the rotational motion to the long-axis polishing bar at the bottom, forming a "long-axis polishing bar", which is used to perform rotary polishing on temporarily fixed materials.

[0027] The long-shaft polishing rod allows the polishing zone to extend to the bottom of the tank, making zero-distance contact with the workpiece. Complex cavities or stepped surfaces can be polished in one go. The outer wheel housing also acts as a protective cover. The polishing powder is thrown against the cover wall by centrifugal force and then slides off naturally, reducing dust.

[0028] The drive motor rotates the central transmission polishing shaft. The outer end face of the central transmission polishing shaft is in contact with two sets of bonding wheels, which rotate synchronously under the drive of the central transmission polishing shaft. The other outer end face of the bonding wheels drives the polishing wheel to rotate. This, in turn, drives the downward-extending long-shaft polishing rod to perform rotary polishing on the temporarily fixed material.

[0029] Two sets of polishing wheels rotating simultaneously will cut the workpiece on both sides at the same time, making it easy to turn right angles into micro-bevels; a single set of long-axis polishing rods only provides elastic support on the stationary side, preserving sharp right angles and meeting the strict appearance requirements of maintaining the original edge lines.

[0030] Two sets of polishing wheels rotate and intersect to form an irregular matte surface; a single set of long-axis polishing rods rotates and forms a uniform unidirectional texture, which can be directly used as the final decorative texture, eliminating the need for subsequent directional wire drawing or manual repair.

[0031] Preferably, the polishing wheel includes a wheel rod and a connecting seat installed at the bottom of the wheel rod, wherein the bottom of the connecting seat is connected in series with a long-shaft polishing rod via a connecting member; The single-axis polishing rod generates heat through friction, while the other side is supported at room temperature. Heat is input from one side, resulting in a low overall temperature rise of the workpiece. Thin plates or heat-sensitive coatings are less prone to warping or discoloration.

[0032] When two sets of polishing wheels cut simultaneously, the reaction forces on both sides cancel each other out but are difficult to balance precisely; with single-head cutting and single-head support, the support side "pushes back" the cutting side in real time, and the operator can achieve constant pressure by feel, without the need for an additional pressure closed-loop mechanism.

[0033] The central transmission polishing shaft forms a three-point contact with the polishing wheels on both sides (one in front and two behind); one pass can leave three overlapping rings on the workpiece surface, achieving the effect of one coverage equal to three polishing operations.

[0034] The three rings intersect each other, the blade marks are interrupted by each other, the surface brightness is uniform, there is no glare in one direction, and no need for subsequent cross polishing.

[0035] A combination of rigidity in the middle and flexibility on both sides: the central transmission polishing shaft has a smaller diameter and stronger contact pressure, which is responsible for quickly removing tool marks; the polishing wheels on both sides have a larger diameter and softer material, which are responsible for smoothing out micro-textures and enhancing gloss.

[0036] The three-point support ensures natural balance, maintaining the geometric constraint of "three points and one surface" regardless of the workpiece's width, and automatically suppressing the left and right wobbling of the slide.

[0037] Each of the three rotating bodies carries away local heat, dispersing the heat over a larger area; there are no obvious hot spots on the workpiece surface, and thin or coated plates are less prone to blistering; the polishing pad itself has a low temperature rise, the fiber aging rate is reduced, the pad surface remains soft, and the service life is extended.

[0038] A method of using a planar polishing apparatus for a polyurethane polishing pad includes the following steps: S1: Place the material flat on the upper surface of the drive motor, gently press one end against the side stop block, push the slide table to make the other end automatically tighten, and complete the temporary fixation without clamps; S2: Start the drive motor, the central transmission polishing shaft, the four-stage friction relay from the contact wheel to the polishing wheel, the central and two side polishing heads rotate simultaneously, the three-point ring belt covers the workpiece surface in one go, and the rough and fine polishing are completed simultaneously; S3: The hand-push sliding table reciprocates along the through groove driven by the motor. The soft lip and the transverse elastic ribs click to position it. When you release your hand, it returns to zero elastically. The entire process is straight and without shaking. Dust is automatically discharged with the end of the groove. S4: After the material is thrown and the rotation stops, gently push the slide table in the opposite direction and the material will be automatically released for direct pickup; simply insert or remove the single-sided fitting wheel to switch between single / double head mode, achieving a quick process conversion between chamfer protection and right angle retention.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The receiving platform and the through groove are cast as one piece, combining the functions of reference, guide rail and chip collection; the side stop block elastically supports and pushes the slide table together, and the material is placed and supported to complete the fixation without clamps, saving the time of pressure plate, screws and alignment, and reducing the part change cycle to the second level.

[0040] 2. The horizontal elastic ribs and soft lips form a click-sensitive positioning mechanism, allowing for easy pushing and automatic return to zero when released; the internal wiring, coupled with dual short rail guides, prevents dust from entering and cables from getting tangled, making the whole machine lightweight, quiet, and maintenance-free for a long time.

[0041] 3. The drive motor transmits polishing shaft, bonding wheel, and polishing wheel through a four-stage flexible relay, removing tool marks in the center and enhancing the gloss on both sides. The three-point ring belt covers the area in one pass, equivalent to three polishing passes. The single / double head mode can be switched by plugging and unplugging the bonding wheel on one side. Right angles are preserved and chamfers are controllable. It covers rough and fine polishing, heat-sensitive plates, and thin plates, without the need to change machines or perform secondary wire drawing. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving unit structure of a planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding structure, guide rail, and sliding block of a planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slide structure of a planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism, sliding support mechanism, and polishing mechanism of a planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of a planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a rear view of the sliding receiving mechanism of a planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing mechanism of a planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad proposed in this invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing wheel structure of a planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad proposed in this invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Receiving unit; 11. Receiving platform; 12. Side stop block; 13. Sliding structure; 131. Drive motor; 132. Guide shaft; 133. Hinge; 134. Guide ring; 14. Guide rail; 15. Sliding block; 2. Polishing unit; 21. Slide table; 211. Base plate; 212. Top plate; 213. Side groove; 214. Side block; 22. Clamping mechanism; 221. Clamping frame; 222. Built-in concealed beam; 2 23. Short rail; 224. Lateral elastic rib; 23. Sliding support mechanism; 231. Support carrier; 232. Reinforcing member; 233. Soft lip; 234. Top plate; 24. Polishing mechanism; 241. Housing; 242. Drive motor; 243. Central transmission polishing shaft; 244. Adhesion wheel; 245. Polishing wheel; 2451. Wheel rod; 2452. Connecting seat; 2453. Connecting member; 2454. Long shaft polishing rod. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0045] Reference Figures 1-9 Example 1: A planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad includes a receiving unit 1 and a polishing unit 2. The polishing unit 2 is slidably installed above the receiving unit 1. The receiving unit 1 includes a receiving platform 11 and side blocks 12 installed on both sides of the upper edge of the receiving platform 11. A sliding structure 13 is laterally opened at the middle position of the upper surface of the receiving platform 11. Guide rails 14 are installed on both sides of the sliding structure 13. Sliding blocks 15 are slidably arranged on the outer ring of the guide rails 14.

[0046] The sliding structure 13 includes a drive motor 131 and a guide shaft 132 mounted on one end of the drive motor 131. A guide ring 134 is sleeved on the outer ring of the guide shaft 132, and the other end of the guide shaft 132 is movably connected to the hinge 133. The upper surface of the receiving platform 11 has a through transverse groove cut out by the drive motor 131, forming the only linear motion channel in the entire receiving unit 1. Its overall through structure makes the stroke of the polishing unit 2 equal to the groove length, maximizing the effective polishing area. The groove can also serve as a chip collection channel, and the polishing powder is automatically discharged to both ends with the reciprocating motion, reducing secondary scratches.

[0047] The guide shaft 132 serves as a movable fulcrum within the groove, converting the vertical load of the polishing unit 2 into a uniformly distributed pressure on the bottom and sidewalls of the groove.

[0048] The guide ring 134 is fitted around the outer ring of the guide shaft 132 to form an elastic transition layer, while also fitting against the bottom of the base plate 211. The elastic deformation provides pre-tightening force to prevent the impact of the empty stroke during reverse reversal and improve the surface roughness consistency. The hinge 133 hinges the guide shaft 132 to the end of the drive motor 131 to form a floating hinge fulcrum, which allows the guide block to self-adaptively deflect within the range, compensating for thermal deformation and ground unevenness. The hinge fulcrum is located at the end of the groove, keeping the maximum bending moment away from the polishing area and reducing vibration transmission.

[0049] In Example 2, the polishing unit 2 includes a slide table 21 and a clamping mechanism 22 mounted on the side end face. A sliding receiving mechanism 23 is slidably disposed on the outer end wall of the clamping mechanism 22, and a polishing mechanism 24 is mounted on the outer end wall of the sliding receiving mechanism 23.

[0050] The slide table 21 includes a top plate 212 on the upper surface of the base plate 211, and a side groove 213 is opened laterally on the side end face of the top plate 212. A side block 214 is installed on the outer end face of the side groove 213. Unit 1 plays a dual role as both a worktable and a track, placing all the reference surfaces, guide surfaces, and load-bearing surfaces required for the polishing process onto the same casting.

[0051] The side stop 12 is made of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane material. It is directly impacted and rubbed repeatedly with the end face of the polished material, so it needs to have both high wear resistance and micro elasticity. The side stop 12 provides a support for the material and withstands the lateral thrust. The material is positioned with a light touch at one end, without the need for screws or pressure plates. The stop itself has micro elasticity, so the impact of reversing direction is "softly absorbed" and the edge of the workpiece will not be chipped.

[0052] The sliding structure 13 has a through groove, allowing the polishing unit 2 to reciprocate within the groove; the groove is also the guide rail, with no external parts, making the structure extremely simple; the bottom plane of the groove directly serves as a platform, and the material placed on it naturally fits the bottom of the groove without the need to find parallelism.

[0053] The sliding combination structure of guide rail 14 and sliding block 15 transforms the push and pull into a constraint structure that can only move in a straight line; wherever the operator pushes, the slide table 21 stops there, and it locks in place when the operator releases the hand, without the need for an additional brake.

[0054] The clamping frame 221 connects the sliding receiving mechanism 23 and the polishing mechanism 24 into a cantilever, so that all polishing reaction forces are first transmitted here and then distributed to the slide table 21.

[0055] In Example 3, the guide ring 134 is attached to the bottom of the base plate 211 from top to bottom, so that the receiving unit 1 and the polishing unit 2 are combined into a whole.

[0056] The clamping mechanism 22 includes a clamping frame 221 and a built-in hidden beam 222 that is horizontally installed in the inner cavity of the clamping frame 221. Short rails 223 are horizontally opened on both sides of the front end face of the clamping frame 221, and horizontal elastic ribs 224 are arranged horizontally between the two sets of short rails 223.

[0057] The sliding receiving mechanism 23 includes a receiving carrier 231 and a reinforcing member 232 installed on the rear end face of the receiving carrier 231. A soft lip 233 is installed at the bottom position of the reinforcing member 232, and a top plate 234 is installed on the front end face of the receiving carrier 231. The built-in hidden beam 222 is a hidden beam concealed in the clamping frame 221, allowing push-pull rods or cables to pass through it, realizing "internal wiring". The wires are no longer exposed, polishing powder cannot adhere, and short circuits and wire drag accidents are prevented. The cavity itself also acts as a weight reduction hole, making the whole machine easier to push and pull.

[0058] The short rail 223 provides two short rails to the sliding receiving mechanism 23 to form a dual-point positioning; an equidistant interface is left between the two short rails 223 to hang shims or limit blocks of different widths.

[0059] The soft lip 233 fits against the outer end wall of the clamping frame 221 from the outside to the inside, so that the sliding receiving mechanism 23 as a whole can be clamped and softly positioned by the transverse elastic ribs 224 on both sides at the interval of the transverse elastic ribs 224. When the sliding receiving mechanism 23 moves laterally and completes its work at the current position, it can be rebounded by the pressure of the transverse elastic ribs 224, thus returning to the initial position.

[0060] The soft lip 233 uses its own elasticity to completely wrap around the outer wall of the sliding bearing mechanism 23, forming a continuous friction band; the enveloping contact transforms the concentrated force into surface pressure, preventing the outer wall of the side plate from being pushed out of the pit, and the transverse elastic rib 224 can be flipped off individually. After wear, it can be peeled off and reattached like a sealing ring, requiring no tools for maintenance and not affecting other parts.

[0061] The 224 horizontal elastic ribs provide soft positioning. The horizontally arranged ribs resemble a rack, and the soft lip makes a slight clicking sound as it passes each rib. The operator can determine the slider's position by sound and feel, without needing to visually monitor the scale. The transverse elastic ribs 224 apply symmetrical pressure to the soft lip on both sides simultaneously, and the sliding bearing mechanism 23 is clamped in the middle without swaying left and right. During polishing, the pad surface remains parallel to the workpiece. The clamping force is provided by the elasticity of the transverse elastic ribs 224, eliminating the need for additional parts such as springs and steel balls. The number of structural parts is reduced, and the number of failure points is reduced accordingly.

[0062] When the work is finished, the operator releases the elastic deformation energy stored in the soft lip, pushing the slider back in the opposite direction. The operator does not need to remember the "return to zero" direction, nor does the operator need to manually push it back a second time. The material itself takes care of the final step of the process.

[0063] Example 4: The polishing mechanism 24 includes a housing 241 and a drive motor 242 installed in the inner cavity of the housing 241. The drive motor 242 drives the central transmission polishing shaft 243 to rotate. The outer end wall of the central transmission polishing shaft 243 is in contact with the bonding wheel 244. The other end of the bonding wheel 244 is in contact with the outer end wall of the polishing wheel 245. The polishing wheel 245 is installed vertically downward at the edge corner of the housing 241. The drive motor 242 drives the central transmission polishing shaft 243 to rotate. The outer end face of the central transmission polishing shaft 243 is in contact with two sets of contact wheels 244. The two sets of contact wheels 244 rotate synchronously under the drive of the central transmission polishing shaft 243. The other outer end face of the contact wheel 244 drives the polishing wheel 245 to rotate. This drives the downwardly extending long shaft polishing rod 2454 to perform rotary polishing on the temporarily fixed material.

[0064] The drive motor 242 introduces the external motor torque into the polishing mechanism 24 as a whole, and the central transmission polishing shaft 243 transmits the torque from the drive end of the drive motor 242 to the two sets of contact wheels 244, which is the main shaft of the entire polishing mechanism 24.

[0065] The bonding wheel 244 is a connecting wheel that is sandwiched between the center transmission polishing shaft 243 and the polishing wheel 245. It is driven by the central shaft and also transmits power to the polishing wheel 245. Its double-sided bonding forms an "elastic coupling" that automatically compensates for the coaxial error between the central shaft and the polishing wheel, making the operation more stable. The soft surface absorbs the starting impact and avoids sending sudden torque changes directly to the workpiece, reducing the risk of edge chipping. The polishing wheel 245 extends the rotational motion to the long-axis polishing rod 2454 at the bottom, forming a "long-axis polishing rod" to perform rotational polishing on temporarily fixed materials.

[0066] The long-shaft polishing rod 2454 allows the polishing zone to extend to the bottom of the groove, making zero-distance contact with the workpiece, and complex cavities or stepped surfaces can be polished in one go; the outer wheel housing also acts as a protective cover, and the polishing powder is thrown against the cover wall by centrifugal force and then slides off naturally, reducing dust.

[0067] In Example 5, the drive motor 242 drives the central transmission polishing shaft 243 to rotate. The outer end face of the central transmission polishing shaft 243 is in contact with two sets of contact wheels 244. The two sets of contact wheels 244 rotate synchronously under the drive of the central transmission polishing shaft 243. The other outer end face of the contact wheel 244 drives the polishing wheel 245 to rotate. This drives the downwardly extending long shaft polishing rod 2454 to perform rotary polishing on the temporarily fixed material.

[0068] The simultaneous rotation of two sets of polishing wheels 245 will cut the workpiece synchronously on both sides, making it easy to turn right angles into micro-bevels; the single set of long-shaft polishing rods 2454 only provides elastic support on the stationary side, retaining sharp right angles and meeting the strict appearance requirements of maintaining the original edge lines.

[0069] Two sets of polishing wheels with 245 rotating textures intersect to form an irregular matte surface; a single set of long-axis polishing rods with 2454 rotating textures are uniform in one direction and can be directly used as the final decorative texture, eliminating the need for subsequent directional wire drawing or manual repair.

[0070] Example 6: The polishing wheel 245 includes a wheel rod 2451 and a connecting seat 2452 installed at the bottom of the wheel rod 2451. The bottom of the connecting seat 2452 is connected in series with the long shaft polishing rod 2454 through a connecting member 2453. The single-axis polishing bar 2454 generates heat through friction, while the other side is supported at room temperature. Heat is input from one side, resulting in a low overall temperature rise of the workpiece. Thin plates or heat-sensitive coatings are less prone to warping or discoloration.

[0071] When the two polishing wheels 245 cut simultaneously, the reaction forces on both sides cancel each other out but are difficult to balance precisely; single-head cutting and single-head support, with the support side "pushing back" the cutting side in real time, allow the operator to achieve constant pressure by feel, without the need for an additional pressure closed-loop mechanism.

[0072] The central transmission polishing shaft 243 and the two polishing wheels 245 on both sides form a three-point contact (one in front and two behind); one pass can leave three overlapping rings on the workpiece surface, achieving the operation of one coverage equal to three polishing operations.

[0073] The three rings intersect each other, the blade marks are interrupted by each other, the surface brightness is uniform, there is no glare in one direction, and no need for subsequent cross polishing.

[0074] The combination of rigidity in the middle and flexibility on both sides: the central transmission polishing shaft 243 has a small diameter and strong contact pressure, which is responsible for quickly removing tool marks; the polishing wheels 245 on both sides have a large diameter and soft material, which are responsible for smoothing micro-textures and enhancing gloss.

[0075] The three-point support ensures natural balance, maintaining the geometric constraint of "three points and one surface" regardless of the workpiece's width, and automatically suppressing the left and right wobbling of the slide.

[0076] Each of the three rotating bodies carries away local heat, dispersing the heat over a larger area; there are no obvious hot spots on the workpiece surface, and thin or coated plates are less prone to blistering; the polishing pad itself has a low temperature rise, the fiber aging rate is reduced, the pad surface remains soft, and the service life is extended.

[0077] A method of using a planar polishing apparatus for a polyurethane polishing pad includes the following steps: S1: Place the material flat on the upper surface of the drive motor 131, gently press one end against the side stop 12, push the slide table 21 to make the other end automatically tighten, and complete the temporary fixation without clamps. S2: Start the four-stage friction relay of the drive motor 242, the central transmission polishing shaft 243, the contact wheel 244 to the polishing wheel 245. The central and two side polishing heads rotate at the same time, and the three-point ring belt covers the workpiece surface in one go, and the rough and fine polishing are completed simultaneously. S3: The hand-push slide 21 drives the motor 131 to reciprocate along the through groove. The soft lip 233 and the transverse elastic rib 224 are clicked and positioned. When the hand is released, the elastic return is zero. The entire process is straight without shaking, and the dust is automatically discharged with the end of the groove. S4: After the material is thrown and the rotation stops, gently push the slide table in the opposite direction and the material will be automatically released for direct pickup; simply insert or remove the single-sided fitting wheel 244 to switch between single / double head mode, achieving a quick process conversion between chamfer protection and right angle retention.

[0078] In summary: The upper surface of the receiving platform 11 has a through transverse groove cut out by the drive motor 131, forming the only linear motion channel in the entire receiving unit 1. Its overall through structure makes the stroke of the polishing unit 2 equal to the groove length, maximizing the effective polishing area; the groove can also serve as a chip collection channel, and the polishing powder is automatically discharged to both ends with the reciprocating motion, reducing secondary scratches.

[0079] The guide shaft 132 serves as a movable fulcrum within the groove, converting the vertical load of the polishing unit 2 into a uniformly distributed pressure on the bottom and sidewalls of the groove.

[0080] The guide ring 134 is fitted around the outer ring of the guide shaft 132 to form an elastic transition layer, while also fitting against the bottom of the base plate 211. The elastic deformation provides pre-tightening force to prevent the impact of the empty stroke during reverse reversal and improve the surface roughness consistency. The hinge 133 hinges the guide shaft 132 to the end of the drive motor 131 to form a floating hinge fulcrum, which allows the guide block to self-adaptively deflect within the range, compensating for thermal deformation and ground unevenness. The hinge fulcrum is located at the end of the groove, keeping the maximum bending moment away from the polishing area and reducing vibration transmission.

[0081] Unit 1 plays a dual role as both a worktable and a track, placing all the reference surfaces, guide surfaces, and load-bearing surfaces required for the polishing process onto the same casting.

[0082] The side stop 12 is made of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane material. It is directly impacted and rubbed repeatedly with the end face of the polished material, so it needs to have both high wear resistance and micro elasticity. The side stop 12 provides a support for the material and withstands the lateral thrust. The material is positioned with a light touch at one end, without the need for screws or pressure plates. The stop itself has micro elasticity, so the impact of reversing direction is "softly absorbed" and the edge of the workpiece will not be chipped.

[0083] The sliding structure 13 has a through groove, allowing the polishing unit 2 to reciprocate within the groove; the groove is also the guide rail, with no external parts, making the structure extremely simple; the bottom plane of the groove directly serves as a platform, and the material placed on it naturally fits the bottom of the groove without the need to find parallelism.

[0084] The sliding combination structure of guide rail 14 and sliding block 15 transforms the push and pull into a constraint structure that can only move in a straight line; wherever the operator pushes, the slide table 21 stops there, and it locks in place when the operator releases the hand, without the need for an additional brake.

[0085] The clamping frame 221 connects the sliding receiving mechanism 23 and the polishing mechanism 24 into a cantilever, so that all polishing reaction forces are first transmitted here and then distributed to the slide table 21.

[0086] The built-in hidden beam 222 is a hidden beam concealed in the clamping frame 221, allowing push-pull rods or cables to pass through it, realizing "internal wiring". The wires are no longer exposed, polishing powder cannot adhere, and short circuits and wire drag accidents are prevented. The cavity itself also acts as a weight reduction hole, making the whole machine easier to push and pull.

[0087] The short rail 223 provides two short rails to the sliding receiving mechanism 23 to form a dual-point positioning; an equidistant interface is left between the two short rails 223 to hang shims or limit blocks of different widths.

[0088] The soft lip 233 fits against the outer end wall of the clamping frame 221 from the outside to the inside, so that the sliding receiving mechanism 23 as a whole can be clamped and softly positioned by the transverse elastic ribs 224 on both sides at the interval of the transverse elastic ribs 224. When the sliding receiving mechanism 23 moves laterally and completes its work at the current position, it can be rebounded by the pressure of the transverse elastic ribs 224, thus returning to the initial position.

[0089] The soft lip 233 uses its own elasticity to completely wrap around the outer wall of the sliding bearing mechanism 23, forming a continuous friction band; the enveloping contact transforms the concentrated force into surface pressure, preventing the outer wall of the side plate from being pushed out of the pit, and the transverse elastic rib 224 can be flipped off individually. After wear, it can be peeled off and reattached like a sealing ring, requiring no tools for maintenance and not affecting other parts.

[0090] The 224 horizontal elastic ribs provide soft positioning. The horizontally arranged ribs resemble a rack, and the soft lip makes a slight clicking sound as it passes each rib. The operator can determine the slider's position by sound and feel, without needing to visually monitor the scale. The transverse elastic ribs 224 apply symmetrical pressure to the soft lip on both sides simultaneously, and the sliding bearing mechanism 23 is clamped in the middle without swaying left and right. During polishing, the pad surface remains parallel to the workpiece. The clamping force is provided by the elasticity of the transverse elastic ribs 224, eliminating the need for additional parts such as springs and steel balls. The number of structural parts is reduced, and the number of failure points is reduced accordingly.

[0091] When the work is finished, the soft lip releases its stored elastic deformation energy, pushing the slider back in the opposite direction. The operator does not need to remember the "return to zero" direction, nor does he need to manually push it back a second time. The material itself takes care of the final step of the process. The drive motor 242 drives the central transmission polishing shaft 243 to rotate. The outer end face of the central transmission polishing shaft 243 is in contact with two sets of contact wheels 244. The two sets of contact wheels 244 rotate synchronously under the drive of the central transmission polishing shaft 243. The other outer end face of the contact wheel 244 drives the polishing wheel 245 to rotate. This drives the downwardly extending long shaft polishing rod 2454 to perform rotary polishing on the temporarily fixed material.

[0092] The drive motor 242 introduces the external motor torque into the polishing mechanism 24 as a whole, and the central transmission polishing shaft 243 transmits the torque from the drive end of the drive motor 242 to the two sets of contact wheels 244, which is the main shaft of the entire polishing mechanism 24.

[0093] The bonding wheel 244 is a connecting wheel that is sandwiched between the center transmission polishing shaft 243 and the polishing wheel 245. It is driven by the central shaft and also transmits power to the polishing wheel 245. Its double-sided bonding forms an "elastic coupling" that automatically compensates for the coaxial error between the central shaft and the polishing wheel, making the operation more stable. The soft surface absorbs the starting impact and avoids sending sudden torque changes directly to the workpiece, reducing the risk of edge chipping. The polishing wheel 245 extends the rotational motion to the long-axis polishing rod 2454 at the bottom, forming a "long-axis polishing rod" to perform rotational polishing on temporarily fixed materials.

[0094] The long-shaft polishing rod 2454 allows the polishing zone to extend to the bottom of the groove, making zero-distance contact with the workpiece, and complex cavities or stepped surfaces can be polished in one go; the outer wheel housing also acts as a protective cover, and the polishing powder is thrown against the cover wall by centrifugal force and then slides off naturally, reducing dust.

[0095] The drive motor 242 drives the central transmission polishing shaft 243 to rotate. The outer end face of the central transmission polishing shaft 243 is in contact with two sets of contact wheels 244. The two sets of contact wheels 244 rotate synchronously under the drive of the central transmission polishing shaft 243. The other outer end face of the contact wheel 244 drives the polishing wheel 245 to rotate. This drives the downwardly extending long shaft polishing rod 2454 to perform rotary polishing on the temporarily fixed material.

[0096] The simultaneous rotation of two sets of polishing wheels 245 will cut the workpiece synchronously on both sides, making it easy to turn right angles into micro-bevels; the single set of long-shaft polishing rods 2454 only provides elastic support on the stationary side, retaining sharp right angles and meeting the strict appearance requirements of maintaining the original edge lines.

[0097] Two sets of polishing wheels with 245 rotating textures intersect to form an irregular matte surface; a single set of long-axis polishing rods with 2454 rotating textures are uniform in one direction and can be directly used as the final decorative texture, eliminating the need for subsequent directional wire drawing or manual repair.

[0098] The single-axis polishing bar 2454 generates heat through friction, while the other side is supported at room temperature. Heat is input from one side, resulting in a low overall temperature rise of the workpiece. Thin plates or heat-sensitive coatings are less prone to warping or discoloration.

[0099] When the two polishing wheels 245 cut simultaneously, the reaction forces on both sides cancel each other out but are difficult to balance precisely; single-head cutting and single-head support, with the support side "pushing back" the cutting side in real time, allow the operator to achieve constant pressure by feel, without the need for an additional pressure closed-loop mechanism.

[0100] The central transmission polishing shaft 243 and the two polishing wheels 245 on both sides form a three-point contact (one in front and two behind); one pass can leave three overlapping rings on the workpiece surface, achieving the operation of one coverage equal to three polishing operations.

[0101] The three rings intersect each other, the blade marks are interrupted by each other, the surface brightness is uniform, there is no glare in one direction, and no need for subsequent cross polishing.

[0102] The combination of rigidity in the middle and flexibility on both sides: the central transmission polishing shaft 243 has a small diameter and strong contact pressure, which is responsible for quickly removing tool marks; the polishing wheels 245 on both sides have a large diameter and soft material, which are responsible for smoothing micro-textures and enhancing gloss.

[0103] The three-point support ensures natural balance, maintaining the geometric constraint of "three points and one surface" regardless of the workpiece's width, and automatically suppressing the left and right wobbling of the slide.

[0104] Each of the three rotating bodies carries away local heat, dispersing the heat over a larger area; there are no obvious hot spots on the workpiece surface, and thin or coated plates are less prone to blistering; the polishing pad itself has a low temperature rise, the fiber aging rate is reduced, the pad surface remains soft, and the service life is extended.

[0105] The above describes the entire working principle of this invention.

[0106] In this invention, the installation, connection or setting methods of all the components mentioned above are common mechanical methods, and the specific structure, model and coefficient index of all the components are their own technologies. As long as they can achieve their beneficial effects, they can be implemented, so they will not be described in detail.

[0107] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0108] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, and vertical and horizontal" in the terminology only represent the orientation of the term in its conventional use or are common terms understood by those skilled in the art, and should not be regarded as limitations on the term. At the same time, numerals such as "first," "second," and "third" do not represent specific quantities or orders, but are merely used to distinguish names. Moreover, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Claims

1. A planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad, comprising a receiving unit (1) and a polishing unit (2), characterized in that, The polishing unit (2) is slidably installed above the receiving unit (1). The receiving unit (1) includes a receiving platform (11) and side blocks (12) installed on both sides of the upper edge of the receiving platform (11). A sliding structure (13) is opened laterally in the middle of the upper surface of the receiving platform (11). Guide rails (14) are installed on both sides of the sliding structure (13). Sliding blocks (15) are slidably arranged on the outer ring of the guide rails (14).

2. The planar polishing apparatus for a polyurethane polishing pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding structure (13) includes a drive motor (131) and a guide shaft (132) installed at one end of the drive motor (131). A guide ring (134) is sleeved on the outer ring of the guide shaft (132), and the other end of the guide shaft (132) is movably connected to the hinge (133).

3. The planar polishing apparatus for a polyurethane polishing pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polishing unit (2) includes a slide (21) and a clamping mechanism (22) installed on the side end face. A sliding receiving mechanism (23) is slidably provided on the outer end wall of the clamping mechanism (22), and a polishing mechanism (24) is installed on the outer end wall of the sliding receiving mechanism (23).

4. A planar polishing apparatus for a polyurethane polishing pad according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slide (21) includes a top plate (212) on the upper surface of the base plate (211), and a side groove (213) is opened laterally on the side end face of the top plate (212), and a side block (214) is installed on the outer end face of the side groove (213).

5. A planar polishing apparatus for a polyurethane polishing pad according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide ring (134) is attached to the bottom of the base plate (211) from top to bottom, so that the receiving unit (1) and the polishing unit (2) are combined into a whole.

6. A planar polishing apparatus for a polyurethane polishing pad according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (22) includes a clamping frame (221) and a built-in hidden beam (222) installed laterally in the inner cavity of the clamping frame (221). Short rails (223) are opened laterally on both sides of the front end face of the clamping frame (221), and transverse elastic ribs (224) are arranged laterally between the two sets of short rails (223).

7. A planar polishing apparatus for a polyurethane polishing pad according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sliding receiving mechanism (23) includes a receiving carrier (231) and a reinforcing member (232) installed on the rear end face of the receiving carrier (231). A soft lip (233) is installed at the bottom position of the reinforcing member (232), and a top plate (234) is installed on the front end face of the receiving carrier (231).

8. A planar polishing apparatus for a polyurethane polishing pad according to claim 3, characterized in that, The polishing mechanism (24) includes a housing (241) and a drive motor (242) installed in the inner cavity of the housing (241). The drive motor (242) drives the central transmission polishing shaft (243) to rotate. The outer end wall of the central transmission polishing shaft (243) is in contact with the bonding wheel (244). The other end of the bonding wheel (244) is in contact with the outer end wall of the polishing wheel (245). The polishing wheel (245) is installed vertically downward at the edge corner of the housing (241).

9. A planar polishing apparatus for a polyurethane polishing pad according to claim 8, characterized in that, The polishing wheel (245) includes a wheel rod (2451) and a connecting seat (2452) installed at the bottom of the wheel rod (2451). The bottom of the connecting seat (2452) is connected in series with the long shaft polishing rod (2454) through a connecting member (2453).

10. A method of using a planar polishing device for a polyurethane polishing pad, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Place the material flat on the upper surface of the drive motor (131), gently press one end against the side stop (12), push the slide (21) to make the other end automatically tighten, and complete the temporary fixation without clamps; S2: Start the four-stage friction relay of the drive motor (242), the central transmission polishing shaft (243), the bonding wheel (244) to the polishing wheel (245), the central and two side polishing heads rotate at the same time, and the three-point ring belt covers the workpiece surface in one go, and the rough and fine polishing are completed simultaneously; S3: The hand-push slide (21) drives the motor (131) to reciprocate along the through groove. The soft lip (233) and the transverse elastic rib (224) click to position. When you release your hand, the elastic returns to zero. The whole process is straight and there is no shaking. The dust is automatically discharged with the end of the groove. S4: After the material is thrown and the rotation stops, gently push the slide table in the opposite direction and the material will be automatically released and the part can be picked up directly; simply insert or remove the single-sided fitting wheel (244) to switch between single / double head mode, so as to realize the rapid process conversion between chamfer protection and right angle retention.

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