Ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and bionic configuration

Abstract

This invention discloses a ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration, belonging to the field of ship and marine engineering structural safety technology. It includes a composite reinforced outer plate, a primary biomimetic energy-absorbing chamber, a secondary arc-shaped energy-dissipating chamber, and a tertiary foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber arranged sequentially from the outer side of the hull to the inner side. Through the synergistic construction of multiple structures and materials, a progressively layered gradient energy dissipation system is achieved, combining multiple mechanisms such as outer plate crack resistance, biomimetic plastic energy absorption, load dispersion and dissipation, and solid-liquid coupling for bottom-line energy dissipation. This invention significantly improves the energy absorption efficiency and impact resistance of the side structure, effectively prevents seawater intrusion, ensures the structural integrity and navigation safety of the ship, while also incorporating lightweight design, adapting to marine service scenarios, and demonstrating strong engineering practicality and significant application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ship and marine engineering structural safety technology, and particularly relates to a ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration. Background Technology

[0002] During ocean operations, ships often face unexpected situations such as collisions with other ships, floating ice, port facilities, and accidental grounding. Impact loads directly act on the ship's side structure, which can easily cause problems such as plate cracking and water ingress into the compartments, seriously affecting the ship's stability, anti-sinking ability, and navigation safety, and even causing casualties and marine environmental pollution. Therefore, improving the impact resistance of the side structure is a key design requirement in the field of ship and marine engineering structural safety.

[0003] Traditional ship side structures mostly employ single steel plates or reinforced steel structures, relying on the plastic deformation of steel to dissipate impact energy. This approach suffers from drawbacks such as low energy absorption efficiency, susceptibility to tearing of steel plates with rapid crack propagation, and a significant conflict between structural weight and impact resistance. While existing improvement technologies propose solutions like double-shell structures and localized reinforcement with composite materials, these solutions primarily focus on a single energy absorption mechanism or localized structural optimization, lacking a systematic gradient energy dissipation design. They fail to achieve an organic combination of outer plate crack prevention, gradual impact force attenuation, and coordinated energy dissipation across multiple mechanisms, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of ships for efficient impact resistance. Furthermore, as the shipbuilding industry's requirements for navigation safety and structural lightweighting continue to increase, existing side impact-resistant structures can no longer simultaneously address the multiple objectives of outer plate crack prevention, gradient impact force attenuation, efficient energy dissipation, and structural lightweighting. They also struggle to construct a coordinated impact-resistant system that progresses layer by layer from the outer side to the inner hull, each layer fulfilling its specific function.

[0004] Against this backdrop, the development of a ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration, which achieves comprehensive and efficient impact protection through the collaborative design of multiple structures, materials, and mechanisms, while also possessing engineering practicality and lightweight advantages, has become a pressing technical problem to be solved in this field and has significant engineering application value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration, comprising: Composite reinforced outer panel; The first-stage bionic energy-absorbing chamber is closely attached to the side of the composite reinforced outer plate near the centerline of the hull, and the first-stage bionic energy-absorbing chamber adopts a polygonal bionic configuration. The secondary arc-shaped energy dissipation chamber is located on the side of the primary bionic energy absorption chamber near the centerline of the hull. The walls of the secondary arc-shaped energy dissipation chamber are arc-shaped structures that bulge outward in the direction of impact. The third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber is located on the side of the second-stage arc-shaped energy-consuming chamber near the centerline of the hull. The third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber is filled with open-cell foam material. The pores of the open-cell foam material are three-dimensionally interconnected, allowing seawater to rush in and fill its pores after the chamber wall is damaged.

[0007] Optionally, the composite reinforced outer panel includes an outer steel panel and an inner composite laminate.

[0008] Optionally, the composite laminate is formed by laying and curing multiple layers of fiber-reinforced resin-based prepreg in a multi-angle symmetrical layup manner.

[0009] Optionally, the fiber-reinforced resin matrix of the multilayer is carbon fiber or epoxy resin prepreg.

[0010] Optionally, the multi-angle symmetrical layup of the multi-layer fiber-reinforced resin-based prepreg can be symmetrical layup at angles of 0°, 90° and ±45°.

[0011] Optionally, the first-stage bionic energy-absorbing chamber is provided with a honeycomb partition, which divides the chamber of the first-stage bionic energy-absorbing chamber into sub-units with a polygonal honeycomb cross-section.

[0012] Optionally, the open-cell foam material is an open-cell foam metal or an open-cell foam ceramic material.

[0013] Optionally, the secondary arc-shaped energy-consuming chamber is separated from the primary bionic energy-absorbing chamber by a planar watertight transverse wall.

[0014] Optionally, the curved bulkhead of the secondary curved energy consumption compartment is made of steel plate of the same material as the main hull.

[0015] Optionally, the lower part of the third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber is connected to the outer hull plate, and a water inlet with a filter screen is provided at the connection point; during normal navigation, the open-cell foam material is in a dry state; when a collision causes the wall of the second-stage arc-shaped energy-consuming chamber to deform or slightly crack, seawater will rapidly rush into the chamber of the third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber under the action of pressure difference, filling all the pores of the open-cell foam material.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: A four-tiered, multi-mechanism, gradient impact protection system is constructed by sequentially arranging composite reinforced outer plates, a primary biomimetic energy-absorbing chamber, a secondary arc-shaped energy-dissipating chamber, and a tertiary foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber along the outer side of the hull towards the inner side of the ship. The composite reinforced outer plates, as the first line of defense against impact, significantly improve the tensile, shear, and tear resistance of the outer plates, effectively suppressing the initiation and propagation of cracks under impact loads, ensuring the structural integrity of the outer plates during impact, and preventing the risk of a sudden surge of seawater from the source, thus providing a prerequisite for the internal energy-absorbing structure to fully function. The primary biomimetic energy-absorbing chamber, located adjacent to the inner side of the composite reinforced outer plates, adopts a polygonal biomimetic configuration. Through orderly plastic buckling and folding deformation, it stably and efficiently absorbs a large amount of kinetic energy in the initial stage of the impact, completing the first significant attenuation and spatial dispersion of the concentrated impact force. The secondary arc-shaped energy-dissipating chamber, located behind the primary biomimetic energy-absorbing chamber, uses an arc-shaped chamber wall structure bulging outwards in the impact direction to convert the remaining normal impact load after primary attenuation into plate energy. The in-plane membrane stress within the structure achieves uniform load distribution and avoids localized stress concentration. Simultaneously, it further dissipates impact energy through large-scale elasto-plastic deformation, optimizing the impact force transmission path and preventing direct impact on critical internal compartments. The innermost three-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber, filled with three-dimensionally interconnected open-cell foam material, allows seawater to flood in and fill the pores after impact damage, forming a solid-liquid two-phase coupling dual energy dissipation mechanism of foam matrix compression energy absorption and fluid viscosity energy dissipation, achieving efficient bottom-line dissipation of remaining impact energy. Based on the core design principles of "rigid-flexible combination, gradient energy dissipation, biomimetic optimization, and multi-mechanism synergy," the overall structure achieves a leapfrog improvement in the ship's side impact resistance. While significantly improving structural energy absorption efficiency, damage tolerance, and accident survivability, it also addresses the needs of lightweight and green design, effectively solving the technical pain points of traditional ship side structures such as low energy absorption efficiency, susceptibility to tearing and damage, and the prominent contradiction between structural weight and impact resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the composite reinforced outer plate in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the honeycomb partition inside the primary biomimetic energy-absorbing chamber of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the convex arc-shaped cabin wall of the secondary arc-shaped energy-consuming cabin in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber structure in this invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Composite reinforced outer panel; 2. Primary bionic energy-absorbing chamber; 3. Secondary arc-shaped energy-dissipating chamber; 4. Tertiary foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration, including: Composite reinforced outer panel 1; The first-level bionic energy-absorbing chamber 2 is closely attached to the side of the composite reinforced outer plate 1 near the centerline of the hull. The first-level bionic energy-absorbing chamber 2 adopts a polygonal bionic configuration. The secondary arc-shaped energy dissipation chamber 3 is located on the side of the primary bionic energy absorption chamber 2 near the centerline of the hull. The walls of the secondary arc-shaped energy dissipation chamber 3 are arc-shaped structures that bulge outward in the direction of impact. The third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber 4 is located on the side of the second-stage arc-shaped energy-consuming chamber 3 near the centerline of the hull. The third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber 4 is filled with open-cell foam material. The pores of the open-cell foam material are three-dimensionally interconnected, allowing seawater to rush in and fill its pores after the chamber wall is damaged.

[0022] A four-tiered, multi-mechanism, gradient impact protection system is constructed by sequentially arranging composite reinforced outer plate 1, primary bionic energy-absorbing chamber 2, secondary arc-shaped energy-dissipating chamber 3, and tertiary foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber 4 along the outer side of the hull towards the inner side of the ship. The composite reinforced outer plate 1, as the first line of defense against impact, significantly improves the tensile, shear, and tear resistance of the outer plate, effectively suppressing the initiation and propagation of cracks under impact loads, ensuring the structural integrity of the outer plate during impact, and preventing the risk of a sudden surge of seawater from the source, thus providing a prerequisite for the internal energy-absorbing structure to fully function. The primary bionic energy-absorbing chamber 2, located adjacent to the inner side of the composite reinforced outer plate 1, adopts a polygonal bionic configuration and can stably and efficiently absorb a large amount of kinetic energy in the initial stage of impact through orderly plastic buckling and folding deformation, completing the first significant attenuation and spatial dispersion of the concentrated impact force. The secondary arc-shaped energy-dissipating chamber 3, located behind the primary bionic energy-absorbing chamber 2, uses an arc-shaped chamber wall structure bulging outwards in the impact direction to dissipate the remaining normal impact load after primary attenuation. The stress is converted into in-plane membrane stress within the plate, achieving uniform load distribution and avoiding local stress concentration. At the same time, the impact energy is further dissipated through large-scale elastoplastic deformation, and the impact force transmission path is optimized to avoid direct impact on critical compartments inside the hull by the peak impact force. The innermost three-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber 4, through the three-dimensional interconnected open-pore foam material filled inside, allows seawater to rush in and fill the pores after the chamber wall is damaged by impact. This forms a solid-liquid two-phase coupling dual energy dissipation mechanism of foam matrix compression energy absorption and fluid viscosity energy dissipation, achieving efficient bottom-line dissipation of the remaining impact energy. The overall structure is based on the core design concept of "rigid-flexible combination, gradient energy dissipation, biomimetic optimization, and multi-mechanism synergy", which realizes a step-by-step improvement in the impact resistance performance of the ship's side. While significantly improving the structural energy absorption efficiency, damage tolerance and accident survivability, it also takes into account the needs of ship lightweighting and green design, effectively solving the technical pain points of low energy absorption efficiency, easy tearing and damage, and prominent contradiction between structural weight and impact resistance performance of traditional ship side structures.

[0023] In some alternative embodiments, the composite reinforced outer panel 1 includes an outer steel panel and an inner composite laminate.

[0024] The composite layered structure of the outer steel panel and the inner composite laminate retains the basic properties of the steel panel, such as its compatibility with existing shipbuilding systems, excellent structural rigidity, and resistance to wear and corrosion in the marine environment. At the same time, the synergistic cooperation between the inner composite laminate and the steel panel forms a rigid-flexible complementary load-bearing system. This effectively compensates for the inherent defects of the single steel panel, such as insufficient tensile ductility and susceptibility to local necking and tearing damage under impact loads. It significantly improves the in-plane tensile, shear, and tear resistance of the outer panel, inhibits the initiation and propagation of cracks at the impact point, ensures the structural integrity of the outer panel under large plastic deformation, and blocks the risk of a sudden large influx of seawater from the source. This lays a solid foundation for the full functioning of the internal multi-level energy-absorbing structure.

[0025] In some alternative implementations, the composite laminate is formed by laying and curing multiple layers of fiber-reinforced resin-based prepreg in a multi-angle symmetrical layup manner.

[0026] The multi-layer fiber-reinforced resin-based prepreg is laid and cured in a multi-angle symmetrical layup manner. The symmetrical layup effectively avoids warping deformation during the curing process of the composite laminate, ensuring the bonding accuracy between the laminate and the steel panel and the structural stability of the bonding interface. The multi-angle layup achieves balanced reinforcement of mechanical properties in multiple directions within the laminate, eliminating the anisotropic mechanical property shortcomings caused by unidirectional layup. This ensures that the outer panel maintains excellent load-bearing and crack resistance under impact loads in different directions. At the same time, the prepreg curing process ensures the uniformity of the internal structure and interlayer bonding strength of the laminate, improving the fatigue resistance and long-term service stability of the composite structure.

[0027] In some alternative embodiments, the multilayer fiber-reinforced resin matrix is ​​carbon fiber or epoxy resin prepreg.

[0028] The selection of carbon fiber or epoxy resin prepreg materials relies on the ultra-high specific strength and specific modulus of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composites. This significantly improves the mechanical properties of the outer plate without significantly increasing the structural weight, perfectly resolving the core contradiction between improving impact resistance and increasing structural weight in traditional ship outer plate reinforcement schemes. At the same time, the epoxy resin matrix has excellent resistance to marine water aging and corrosion, and has excellent adhesion compatibility with steel panels, effectively avoiding delamination failure at the interface of different materials, ensuring the long-term performance stability of the composite structure in the complex marine service environment.

[0029] In some alternative implementations, the multi-angle symmetrical layup of the multi-layer fiber-reinforced resin-based prepreg is a symmetrical layup with angles of 0°, 90°, and ±45°.

[0030] The symmetrical ply arrangements at 0°, 90°, and ±45° precisely match the principal stress distribution characteristics of the ship's side plating under collision impact. The 0° and 90° plies can efficiently bear the principal tensile loads in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the side plating, respectively, while the ±45° plies can effectively bear the in-plane shear loads brought by the impact. This achieves full coverage of multi-dimensional stress under impact loads, maximizing the reinforcement efficiency of the fiber-reinforced material and further improving the impact resistance, tear resistance, and shear resistance of the plating. At the same time, this symmetrical ply design ensures the consistency of mechanical properties on both sides of the laminate, effectively avoiding the problems of interlaminar delamination and delamination failure under impact loads. This significantly improves the structural reliability and damage tolerance of the composite reinforced plating 1, providing a solid foundation for the stable and long-term operation of the entire side impact resistance system.

[0031] In some alternative implementations, the first-stage bionic energy-absorbing chamber 2 is provided with honeycomb partitions that divide the chamber of the first-stage bionic energy-absorbing chamber 2 into sub-units with a polygonal honeycomb cross-section.

[0032] Under the constraints of limited installation space and weight on the ship's side, the honeycomb biomimetic configuration achieves a specific energy absorption efficiency far exceeding that of traditional orthogonal stiffened panels on the ship's side. This effectively resolves the core contradiction between improving the performance of traditional impact-resistant structures and increasing structural weight. Its continuously arranged polygonal honeycomb sub-unit structure can rapidly disperse the concentrated impact load generated at the impact point to a larger surrounding load-bearing structure through honeycomb partitions, significantly alleviating local stress concentration problems and preventing premature instability failure due to local overload. This greatly improves the impact robustness and damage controllability of the primary energy-absorbing compartment. Even if a local honeycomb sub-unit collapses and dissipates energy under strong impact, the surrounding unimpacted units can still stably perform their load-bearing and energy-absorbing functions, preventing rapid spread of damage. Simultaneously, when subjected to a normal impact load perpendicular to the ship's side, the honeycomb sub-unit can produce orderly, progressive plastic buckling and folding crushing deformation, continuously and stably dissipating the initial impact force with a near-constant reaction force. The abundant kinetic energy enables a significant initial attenuation of the concentrated impact force, effectively weakening the peak transmission of the impact load. This provides ample buffer space and response time for the subsequent energy dissipation work of the secondary arc-shaped energy dissipation chamber 3 and the tertiary foam-water coupled energy absorption chamber 4. Furthermore, the honeycomb bulkhead structure can flexibly adjust the cross-sectional specifications of the polygonal units, the bulkhead wall thickness, and the arrangement density according to the side space dimensions of different ship types and the expected impact load level, exhibiting extremely high adaptability. Its construction process is fully compatible with the existing ship steel structure welding system, requiring no additional specialized construction equipment, and possesses excellent engineering application value. At the same time, this structure works closely in synergy with the front composite reinforced outer plate 1. Under the premise that the composite reinforced outer plate 1 ensures the overall structural integrity and avoids a large influx of seawater, it maximizes the high-efficiency energy absorption advantage of the biomimetic porous structure, ensuring that the entire gradient impact resistance system can function step by step and in an orderly manner, fundamentally improving the impact resistance performance and accident survivability of the ship's side structure.

[0033] In some alternative implementations, the open-cell foam material is an open-cell foam metal or an open-cell foam ceramic material.

[0034] The open-cell foam metal or open-cell foam ceramic material filled in the three-stage foam-water coupled energy absorption chamber 4 serves as the core functional carrier of the final energy dissipation link in the four-stage gradient impact resistance system of this invention. Relying on the material's own structural characteristics and deep adaptation to the marine service scenario of ships, it achieves multiple breakthroughs in energy absorption efficiency, structural lightweighting, environmental adaptability, and engineering reliability, possessing significant technical advantages and beneficial effects. This type of open-cell foam material has the core characteristics of high porosity, low density, and high specific energy absorption. Upon impact, it can steadily dissipate a large amount of impact energy through the gradual collapse of its pores, improving energy absorption efficiency while meeting the lightweight design requirements of ships, thus overcoming the limitations of traditional... This addresses the core contradiction between improving the performance of the impact-resistant structure and increasing structural weight. Its three-dimensional fully connected porous structure can accommodate the rapid influx of seawater after the bulkhead is damaged, triggering a solid-liquid two-phase coupling energy dissipation mechanism of plastic deformation of the foam skeleton and viscous shear dissipation of seawater in the pores. This significantly improves the end-stage energy absorption efficiency and achieves efficient bottom-line dissipation of the remaining impact energy after attenuation by the preceding structure. At the same time, the material is resistant to marine corrosion, flame retardant and anti-aging, perfectly adapting to the complex marine service environment of ships. Its parameters can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different protection requirements. It works synergistically with the preceding gradient energy dissipation structure to improve the entire impact-resistant protection system and significantly enhance the ship's side impact resistance and accident survivability.

[0035] In some alternative implementations, the secondary arc-shaped energy-consuming chamber 3 is separated from the primary biomimetic energy-absorbing chamber 2 by a planar watertight transverse bulkhead.

[0036] The planar watertight transverse bulkhead separating the primary bionic energy-absorbing chamber 2 and the secondary arc-shaped energy-consuming chamber 3 has the following core technical effects: First, it forms a reliable watertight separation barrier, preventing seawater from spreading inward after damage to the front chamber, ensuring the ship's stability and the functional integrity of the subsequent energy-consuming structure, and ensuring the orderly triggering of the gradient energy-consuming system; second, it provides stable support for the honeycomb structure of the primary bionic energy-absorbing chamber 2, constraining its non-axial instability, ensuring that the structure collapses in an orderly and progressive manner according to the design, and maximizing plastic energy absorption efficiency; third, it achieves uniform transmission of impact loads, avoiding concentrated loads acting directly on the secondary arc-shaped bulkhead, ensuring its load dispersion and full utilization of energy consumption effect, and achieving efficient synergy between the two energy-consuming units; at the same time, this structure is fully compatible with existing shipbuilding specifications and mature processes, has strong engineering feasibility, and can also increase structural protection redundancy, improving the ship's anti-sinking ability and accident survivability.

[0037] In some alternative implementations, the curved bulkhead of the secondary curved energy consumption compartment 3 is made of steel plates of the same material as the main hull.

[0038] The homogeneous material perfectly matches the mechanical properties and welding characteristics of the main hull, effectively avoiding electrochemical corrosion, interface stress concentration, and deformation incoordination problems caused by the connection of dissimilar materials. This ensures the connection strength, structural integrity, and watertightness of the curved bulkhead, guaranteeing its core functions of dispersing impact loads and dissipating energy through elasto-plastic deformation. Furthermore, the material is fully compatible with existing mature shipbuilding processes and tooling systems, eliminating the need for additional specialized equipment and significantly reducing construction difficulty and production costs, making it highly feasible for engineering projects. In addition, it can share mature marine corrosion protection systems and maintenance solutions with the main hull, perfectly adapting to the complex marine service environment of high salt spray and alternating loads, ensuring the long-term performance stability of the structure, and providing a reliable structural foundation for the secondary energy dissipation stage of the entire gradient impact resistance system.

[0039] In some optional implementations, the lower part of the third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber 4 is connected to the outer plating of the ship's bottom, and a water inlet with a filter screen is provided at the connection point; during normal navigation, the open-cell foam material is in a dry state; when a collision causes the bulkhead of the second-stage arc-shaped energy-consuming chamber 3 to deform or slightly crack, seawater rapidly rushes into the chamber of the third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber 4 under the action of pressure difference, filling all the pores of the open-cell foam material.

[0040] The interconnected water inlet structure of the three-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber 4 is the core guarantee for achieving efficient energy dissipation through solid-liquid two-phase coupling in this invention. Through the connection design between the lower part of the chamber and the outer plating of the hull, seawater can automatically and rapidly enter when the secondary arc-shaped energy-absorbing chamber 3 is damaged in a collision. This precisely matches the impact process, triggering a coupled energy dissipation mechanism of foam skeleton compression energy absorption and seawater viscous shear dissipation, significantly improving the end-stage energy absorption efficiency and completely dissipating the remaining impact energy. The filter-equipped inlet at the connection point effectively prevents marine debris from clogging the pores, while also preventing the loss of open-cell foam material, ensuring unobstructed flow and structural stability. During normal navigation, the open-cell foam remains dry, without adding extra weight to the ship, meeting lightweight design requirements and avoiding the risk of accidental water ingress in non-accident states. This design utilizes seawater as the energy dissipation medium locally, eliminating the need for additional specialized materials. It forms precise synergy with the upstream watertight protection structure, fully adapting to marine service scenarios, demonstrating strong engineering feasibility, and further enhancing the operational reliability and ship survivability of the entire gradient impact resistance system.

[0041] All aspects not detailed in this invention are conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0043] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration, characterized in that, include: Composite reinforced outer panel (1); The first-stage bionic energy-absorbing chamber (2) is closely attached to the side of the composite reinforced outer plate (1) near the center line of the hull. The first-stage bionic energy-absorbing chamber (2) adopts a polygonal bionic configuration. The secondary arc-shaped energy dissipation chamber (3) is located on the side of the primary bionic energy absorption chamber (2) near the center line of the hull. The walls of the secondary arc-shaped energy dissipation chamber (3) are arc-shaped structures that bulge outward in the direction of impact. The third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber (4) is located on the side of the second-stage arc-shaped energy-consuming chamber (3) near the centerline of the hull. The third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber (4) is filled with open-cell foam material. The pores of the open-cell foam material are three-dimensionally interconnected, allowing seawater to rush in and fill its pores after the chamber wall is damaged.

2. The ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite reinforced outer panel (1) includes an outer steel panel and an inner composite material laminate.

3. The ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The composite laminate is formed by laying and curing multiple layers of fiber-reinforced resin-based prepreg in a multi-angle symmetrical layup manner.

4. The ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fiber-reinforced resin matrix of the multilayer is carbon fiber or epoxy resin prepreg.

5. The ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multi-angle symmetrical layup of the multi-layer fiber-reinforced resin-based prepreg is achieved by using symmetrical layup at angles of 0°, 90°, and ±45°.

6. The ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first-level bionic energy-absorbing chamber (2) is equipped with a honeycomb partition, which divides the chamber of the first-level bionic energy-absorbing chamber (2) into sub-units with a polygonal honeycomb cross-section.

7. The ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The open-cell foam material is an open-cell foam metal or an open-cell foam ceramic material.

8. The ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary arc-shaped energy-consuming chamber (3) and the primary bionic energy-absorbing chamber (2) are separated by a planar watertight transverse wall.

9. The ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped bulkhead of the secondary arc-shaped energy-consuming compartment (3) is made of steel plate of the same material as the main hull.

10. The ship side impact-resistant structure based on gradient energy dissipation and biomimetic configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the compartment of the third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber (4) is connected to the outer plate of the ship's bottom, and a water inlet with a filter screen is provided at the connection point; during normal navigation, the open-cell foam material is in a dry state; when a collision accident causes the wall of the second-stage arc-shaped energy-consuming chamber (3) to deform or slightly crack, seawater will rush into the compartment of the third-stage foam-water coupled energy-absorbing chamber (4) under the action of pressure difference, and fill all the pores of the open-cell foam material.

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