Automatic ash cleaning device for synthesis gas washing tower and method of use thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubbing tower and its usage method. The automatic ash removal device includes various levels of tower plates arranged sequentially from top to bottom within the tower body. Each level of tower plate has a water inlet at its top. Each level of tower plate is divided into a central area and a peripheral area. The central area is configured with a movable window, which is rotatably connected to the peripheral area of ​​the tower plate. The movable window has a closed state and an open state relative to the tower plate. In the closed state, the movable window is on the same plane as the peripheral area; in the open state, the movable window is upright relative to the peripheral area, facing the corresponding water inlet. The movable windows of each level of tower plate are connected to linkage rods, which are controlled by a linkage rod controller to switch each movable window between the closed and open states. This invention automatically removes and discharges deposited ash from areas prone to ash accumulation, avoiding the lag of manual cleaning and significantly reducing the risk of ash blockage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gasification technology, and in particular to an automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubbing tower and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gasification technology, as a core pathway for the clean and efficient conversion of coal, can transform solid coal into syngas, primarily composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. However, during the gasification process, ash from the coal is released with the high-temperature syngas. If not removed promptly and efficiently, this ash can affect the purity of downstream products and production safety. Therefore, syngas ash removal is a crucial step in ensuring stable system operation and improving product quality in coal gasification processes. Among syngas ash removal technologies, wet ash removal utilizes liquid (mostly water or ash water) in contact with the syngas to remove ash through washing, absorption, and condensation, while simultaneously cooling the syngas. This method boasts high ash removal efficiency and cooling capabilities, making it one of the mainstream high-efficiency ash removal technologies.

[0003] As the core equipment in wet ash removal, the scrubbing tower works on the following principle: high-temperature syngas enters from the bottom of the tower and comes into counter-current contact with the scrubbing water (or circulating ash water) sprayed from the top. Ash particles are captured by the water to form slurry, which is discharged from the bottom of the tower with the scrubbing water, while the purified syngas is discharged from the top. The scrubbing tower can effectively remove ash of different particle sizes, especially fine ash particles that are difficult to separate, and is suitable for syngas produced by various coal gasification processes. Furthermore, while removing ash, it can rapidly cool the high-temperature syngas to near its saturation temperature, reducing the load on subsequent heat exchange equipment, simplifying the process flow, and lowering system investment. Despite the significant advantages of the scrubbing tower in ash removal, in actual operation, ash particles tend to deposit in specific areas within the tower, especially forming a thick ash layer on the tower plates. This not only affects the flow field distribution but also exacerbates component corrosion and wear, reducing equipment lifespan. Current cleaning methods mostly involve manual shutdown cleaning, which is inefficient, labor-intensive, and unplanned shutdowns can cause production losses and increase maintenance costs.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubbing tower, which solves problems such as blockage caused by ash deposition, high operation and maintenance costs, and poor operational stability. This is of great significance for improving the economy and reliability of wet ash removal processes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubbing tower and its usage method.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An automatic dust removal device for a syngas scrubbing tower includes various levels of tower plates arranged sequentially from top to bottom within the tower body. Each level of tower plate has a water inlet at its top. Each level of tower plate is divided into a central area and an outer area. The central area is configured with a movable window, which is movably connected to the outer area of ​​the tower plate via a connecting device. The movable window has a closed state and an open state relative to the tower plate. In the closed state, the movable window is on the same plane as the outer area. In the open state, the movable window is upright relative to the outer area, and at this time, the movable window faces the corresponding water inlet. The movable windows of each tray are connected to linkage rods, which are controlled by a linkage rod controller to switch each movable window between closed and open states.

[0007] Furthermore, when open, the angle at which the active window rises relative to the surrounding area is between 45 and 90 degrees.

[0008] Furthermore, the linkage rod extends vertically, with its upper end extending out of the washing tower body and connected to the linkage rod controller, which drives the linkage rod to move up and down.

[0009] Furthermore, all water inlets are horizontally positioned; when open, the upper side of the movable window faces the corresponding water inlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the tray is a sieve tray, bubble cap tray, valve tray, tongue tray, or tongue tray, and the movable window is square, rectangular, or circular.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting device is a hinged connection or a pin-type connection.

[0012] Furthermore, a downward-extending guide pipe is connected to one side of the lowest tray, extending to the bottom of the tower body.

[0013] Furthermore, a demister is installed above the uppermost tray, and a spray pipe is installed below the lowermost tray.

[0014] Furthermore, the washing tower has a syngas outlet at the top of the tower body, and a crude syngas inlet and a ash water outlet at the bottom of the tower body. The crude syngas inlet is located below the spray pipe, and the ash water outlet is located below the crude syngas inlet. The base of the tower is a cone, with a black water outlet on it.

[0015] This invention also discloses a method of using an automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubber, which includes the following steps: The crude syngas enters the scrubbing tower through the crude syngas inlet, where it is sprayed by the spray pipes. Larger particles in the syngas are deposited in the cone at the bottom of the scrubbing tower, forming black water. The sprayed syngas then passes upward through each stage of the tower plates, with water entering through the corresponding inlet of each plate to further separate smaller dust particles. The purified syngas is then demisted by the demister and output from the syngas outlet. The ash water formed at each stage of the tower plates finally enters the bottom of the scrubbing tower through the guide pipe. The black water at the bottom is discharged from the black water outlet, and the ash water above the black water layer is discharged from the ash water outlet. When a ash layer forms on the trays, the linkage controller moves the linkage rod upward to open the movable windows of each tray. With the movable windows open, pressurized flushing is performed using the corresponding water inlets of each tray. The flushed ash water is then discharged directly into the bottom of the scrubbing tower through the open windows. The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This invention is designed for areas prone to ash accumulation (the central area of ​​the tray), and automatically completes the stripping and discharge of deposited ash, avoiding the lag of manual cleaning and greatly reducing the risk of ash blockage.

[0016] (2) The present invention can achieve online automatic dust removal without stopping the machine, reducing the frequency of unplanned shutdown for cleaning, effectively extending the continuous operation cycle of the washing tower and subsequent processes, and reducing production interruption losses.

[0017] (3) This invention reduces the labor intensity and frequency of manual cleaning, while avoiding equipment corrosion and wear caused by dust accumulation, thus reducing the overall operation and maintenance costs such as labor, spare parts replacement and downtime losses.

[0018] (4) The device structure of the present invention is simple and can be adapted to a variety of mainstream washing tower types. It does not require major modifications to the original tower body and is convenient for upgrading existing coal gasification devices. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the active window in the open state in this invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the tower plate in this invention.

[0020] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Example 1

[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubbing tower, comprising four stages of trays arranged sequentially from top to bottom within the scrubbing tower body. Each stage of tray has a water inlet above it, and all water inlets are horizontally positioned. The four stages of trays are designated as a first tray 4, a second tray, a third tray, and a fourth tray. The first tray 4 corresponds to the first water inlet 5, the second tray to the second water inlet 9, the third tray to the third water inlet 10, and the fourth tray to the fourth water inlet 11.

[0023] A downward-extending guide pipe 12 is connected to one side of the fourth tray, and the guide pipe 12 extends to the bottom of the tower body 1.

[0024] A demister 3 is provided above the first tray 4, and a spray pipe 13 is provided below the fourth tray. The spray pipe 13 has a spray pipe inlet 14.

[0025] The scrubbing tower has a syngas outlet 2 at the top of the tower body 1, and a crude syngas inlet 16 and a grey water outlet 17 at the bottom of the tower body. The crude syngas inlet 16 is located below the spray pipe 13, and the grey water outlet 17 is located below the crude syngas inlet 16. The bottom of the tower body 1 is a cone, on which a black water outlet 18 is arranged.

[0026] The structure of each tray is the same; the first tray 4 will be used as an example for explanation.

[0027] The first tray 4 is a perforated tray, divided into a central area and an outer area, both of which are provided with perforations 19. The central area is equipped with a movable window 6, which is rotatably connected to the outer area of ​​the tray via a connecting device 20. The connecting device 20 can be a hinged connection or a pin connection. The movable window 6 has a closed state and an open state relative to the tray; in the closed state, the movable window 6 is on the same plane as the outer area; in the open state, the movable window 6 is upright relative to the outer area, with its upper side facing the corresponding inlet 5.

[0028] In this embodiment, the movable window 6 is square in shape and made of the same material as the tower plate.

[0029] To ensure effective rinsing during dust removal, the angle of the movable window 6 relative to the outer area is 45-90 degrees when it is open.

[0030] The movable windows 6 of each tray are connected to the linkage rod 7, which is controlled by the linkage rod controller 8 to switch each movable window 6 between the closed and open states.

[0031] In this embodiment, the linkage rod 7 extends vertically, with its upper end extending out of the washing tower body 1 and connected to the linkage rod controller 8. The linkage rod controller 8 can be an electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic controller, which drives the linkage rod 7 to move up and down. Example 2

[0032] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the tray in this embodiment can be a bubble cap tray, a valve tray, a tongue-shaped tray, or a tongue-shaped tray. Example 3

[0033] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the shape of the active window 6 in this embodiment can be rectangular or circular. Example 4

[0034] This embodiment discloses a method for using an automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubber, based on the automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubber of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, or Embodiment 3, including the following steps: The crude syngas enters the scrubbing tower through the crude syngas inlet 16, where it is sprayed by the spray pipe 13. This causes larger particles in the syngas to be deposited in the cone 15 at the bottom of the scrubbing tower, forming black water. The sprayed syngas then passes upward through each stage of the tower plates, with water entering through the corresponding inlet of each tower plate. This further separates the smaller dust particles in the syngas. The purified syngas is then demisted by the demister 3 and output from the syngas outlet 2. The ash water formed by each stage of the tower plates finally enters the bottom of the scrubbing tower through the guide pipe 12. The black water at the bottom is discharged from the black water outlet 18, and the ash water above the black water layer is discharged from the ash water outlet 17. When a layer of ash forms on the tray, the linkage controller 8 drives the linkage rod 7 to move upward and open the movable window 6 of each tray. With the movable window 6 open, the corresponding water inlet of each tray is used for pressurized flushing. The flushed ash water is discharged directly into the bottom of the washing tower through the opened window.

[0035] After the dust removal is completed, the linkage rod controller 8 drives the linkage rod 7 to move down and reset and close the movable window 6 of each level of the tower plate.

[0036] This invention targets areas prone to ash accumulation (the central area of ​​the tower tray), automatically stripping and discharging deposited ash, avoiding the lag of manual cleaning and significantly reducing the risk of ash blockage. It achieves online automatic ash removal without system shutdown, reducing the frequency of unplanned downtime for cleaning, effectively extending the continuous operation cycle of the scrubbing tower and subsequent processes, and minimizing production interruption losses. It also reduces the labor intensity and frequency of manual cleaning, while avoiding equipment corrosion and wear exacerbated by ash accumulation, thus reducing overall maintenance costs such as labor, spare parts replacement, and downtime losses.

[0037] The automatic ash removal device of the present invention can be used in various types of washing towers that include a tray structure.

[0038] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modifications or partial substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0039] If the terms "first" or "second" are used in this document to define components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" or "second" is merely for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. An automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubbing tower, comprising various levels of tower plates arranged sequentially from top to bottom within the scrubbing tower body, each level of tower plate having a water inlet above it, characterized in that: Each tray is divided into a central area and an outer area. The central area is equipped with a movable window, which is movably connected to the outer area of ​​the tray via a connecting device. The movable window has a closed state and an open state relative to the tray. When closed, the movable window is on the same plane as the surrounding area; when open, the movable window stands upright relative to the surrounding area, and at this time the movable window faces the corresponding water inlet. The movable windows of each tray are connected to linkage rods, which are controlled by a linkage rod controller to switch each movable window between closed and open states.

2. The automatic ash removal device for the syngas scrubbing tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: When open, the angle of the active window relative to the surrounding area is 45-90 degrees.

3. The automatic ash removal device for the syngas scrubbing tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage rod extends vertically, with its upper end extending out of the washing tower body and connected to the linkage rod controller. The linkage rod controller drives the linkage rod to move up and down.

4. The automatic ash removal device for the syngas scrubbing tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: All inlets are horizontally positioned; when open, the upper side of the movable window faces the corresponding inlet.

5. The automatic ash removal device for the syngas scrubbing tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tray is a sieve tray, bubble cap tray, valve tray, tongue-shaped tray, or tongue-shaped tray, and the movable window is square, rectangular, or circular.

6. The automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubbing tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting device is a hinge-type connection or a pin-type connection.

7. The automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubbing tower according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The bottom tray has a downward-extending guide pipe connected to one side, which extends to the bottom of the tower body.

8. The automatic ash removal device for the syngas scrubbing tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: A demister is installed above the top tray, and a spray pipe is installed below the bottom tray.

9. The automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubbing tower according to claim 8, characterized in that: The scrubbing tower has a syngas outlet at the top of the tower body, a crude syngas inlet and a ash water outlet at the bottom of the tower body. The crude syngas inlet is located below the spray pipe, and the ash water outlet is located below the crude syngas inlet. The base of the tower is a cone, with a black water outlet on it.

10. A method of using an automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubber, based on the automatic ash removal device for a syngas scrubber according to claim 9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: The crude syngas enters the scrubbing tower through the crude syngas inlet, where it is sprayed by the spray pipes. Larger particles in the syngas are deposited in the cone at the bottom of the scrubbing tower, forming black water. The sprayed syngas then passes upward through each stage of the tower plates, with water entering through the corresponding inlet of each plate to further separate smaller dust particles. The purified syngas is then demisted by the demister and output from the syngas outlet. The ash water formed at each stage of the tower plates finally enters the bottom of the scrubbing tower through the guide pipe. The black water at the bottom is discharged from the black water outlet, and the ash water above the black water layer is discharged from the ash water outlet. When a layer of ash forms on the tray, the linkage controller moves the linkage rod upward to open the movable windows of each tray. With the movable windows open, the corresponding water inlets of each tray are used for pressurized flushing. The flushed ash water is then discharged directly into the bottom of the scrubbing tower through the open windows.

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