A gravel paving device

Abstract

This invention discloses a gravel paving device, comprising two support blocks located on both sides of the paving surface, with a leveling plate connected between the two support blocks. The height of the leveling plate above the paved surface is consistent with the thickness of the gravel paving. A horizontal support rod is connected to the bottom of each support block. Multiple fasteners are provided on the upper surface of the horizontal support rod, the side of the support block, and the edge of the leveling plate near the transport vehicle. All fasteners are connected to one opening of a connecting bag, the other opening of which is connected to the unloading port of the transport vehicle. Furthermore, the side of the leveling plate near the transport vehicle is bent upwards. This invention is attached to the unloading port of the transport vehicle, and the height of the outlet is set according to the paving thickness. Leveling is performed simultaneously with paving, thus improving the efficiency of construction work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction technology, and in particular to a gravel paving device. Background Technology

[0002] Gravel paving is a core process in the construction of the subgrade and base course of a roadbed, and its quality directly determines the load-bearing capacity, smoothness, and long-term stability of the road structure. In traditional construction methods, gravel paving typically employs a relatively extensive approach: transport vehicles dump entire loads of gravel directly onto the paving area—the unloading point is often concentrated in one spot on the road surface, or even outside the subgrade area. Workers then manually spread and initially level the gravel using simple tools such as shovels and rakes. This method has significant drawbacks. First, concentrated unloading easily causes segregation of coarse and fine particles, with large-diameter stones rolling and accumulating, while finer particles concentrate in another area, severely affecting the uniformity of the mixture. Second, manual spreading is inefficient; the smoothness and loose thickness rely entirely on the experience of the workers, resulting in poor elevation control accuracy. This often necessitates repeated replenishment or removal of materials, consuming significant manpower and slowing down the construction progress. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a gravel paving device that is attached to the unloading port of a transport vehicle. The height of the outlet is set according to the thickness of the paving, and leveling is performed at the same time as paving. Thus, paving and leveling are carried out simultaneously when the transport vehicle is unloading, thereby improving the efficiency of engineering construction.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a gravel paving device, comprising two support blocks located on both sides of the paving road surface, a leveling plate connected between the two support blocks, the leveling plate being at the same height as the gravel paving thickness, a horizontal support rod connected to the bottom of the support block, and multiple fasteners provided on the upper surface of the horizontal support rod, the side of the support block, and the edge of the leveling plate near the transport vehicle, the multiple fasteners being connected to one end opening of the same connecting bag, the other end opening of the connecting bag being connected to the unloading port of the transport vehicle.

[0005] Furthermore, the flatbed is bent upwards on the side closest to the transport vehicle.

[0006] Furthermore, the support block has a longitudinal first groove on the side facing the finding plate, and a first slider is slidably connected to the first groove. The first slider is connected to the finding plate, and a hydraulic lifter is provided at the bottom of the first groove. The push end of the hydraulic lifter is connected to the bottom surface of the first slider.

[0007] Furthermore, a horizontally oriented square support plate is provided above the side of the flatbed away from the transport vehicle. A distance sensor is provided on the lower surface of the support plate, and a vertical support rod is provided at the top corner of the support plate. The vertical support rod is located on both sides of the support plate, and the bottom of the vertical support rod on each side is connected to the track walker. The distance sensor and the hydraulic lifter are respectively connected to the processor signal.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer surface of the tracked vehicle is provided with a memory foam layer.

[0009] Furthermore, there are multiple distance sensors, each of which is connected to the processor via a signal.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical support rod has a longitudinal second sliding groove on the side facing the finding plate, and a second slider is slidably connected to the second sliding groove, the second slider being connected to the edge of the finding plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a toggle block is provided between the two support blocks. The toggle block has a through groove on its horizontal axis. A rope passes through the through groove, and the two ends of the rope are respectively connected to the two support blocks. The toggle block moves between the two support blocks along the rope by a drive mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes an electromagnet disposed on the support block and magnetic poles disposed on the surface of the actuating block. When the electromagnet is energized, it generates a repulsive force with the magnetic poles. The electromagnet is signal-connected to the processor.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the side of the flatbed away from the transport vehicle is no more than 2 centimeters.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention provides a gravel paving device that integrates unloading, paving, and leveling processes by attaching one end of a connecting bag to the unloading port of a transport vehicle and the other end to a leveling plate fixed by support blocks. Compared with the traditional construction methods described in the background art, this invention completely changes the extensive mode of first unloading and then manually paving and leveling. In the traditional method, transport vehicles dump entire loads of gravel onto the road surface or even outside the roadbed, resulting in severe segregation of coarse and fine particles. Then, manual spreading is carried out using simple tools such as shovels and rakes, which is not only inefficient but also relies entirely on experience to determine the flatness and loose thickness, resulting in poor elevation control accuracy. This often requires repeated replenishment or removal of materials, consuming a large amount of manpower and severely slowing down the construction progress. In this invention, while the transport vehicle is unloading, the gravel is directly transported to the front of the leveling plate via the connecting bag. As the vehicle moves forward, the leveling plate automatically smooths the mixture according to the preset paving thickness, realizing continuous operation of unloading, paving, and leveling simultaneously. This design fundamentally eliminates repetitive manual paving labor, significantly reducing the number of construction workers and their workload. It also avoids segregation problems caused by concentrated unloading, ensuring the uniformity of the mixture. More importantly, the height of the leveling slab can be precisely adjusted according to the designed paving thickness, ensuring that the thickness and elevation of each paving layer are controlled by mechanical devices rather than human experience, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and consistency of smoothness control. In summary, this invention significantly improves construction efficiency and shortens the construction period while simultaneously improving paving quality and reducing labor costs and material waste, demonstrating outstanding substantive features and significant progress.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support block structure in this invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Connecting bag; 2. Horizontal support rod; 3. Fixing component; 4. Finding plate; 5. Support block; 6. Support plate; 7. Distance sensor; 8. Vertical support rod; 9. Memory foam layer; 10. Tracked walker; 11. Second slider; 12. Second slide rail; 13. First slider; 14. First slide rail; 15. Hydraulic lifter; 16. Electromagnet; 17. Actuating block; 18. Rope. Detailed Implementation

[0022] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a gravel paving device, including two support blocks 5 located on both sides of the paving road surface, and a leveling plate 4 connected between the two support blocks 5. The height of the leveling plate 4 from the road surface to be paved is consistent with the thickness of the gravel paving. A horizontal support rod 2 is connected to the bottom of the support block 5. Multiple fixing parts 3 are provided on the upper surface of the horizontal support rod 2, the side of the support block 5, and the edge of the leveling plate 4 near the transport vehicle. The multiple fixing parts 3 are all connected to one end opening of the same connecting bag 1. The other end opening of the connecting bag 1 is connected to the unloading port of the transport vehicle.

[0023] This invention provides a gravel paving device, the core structure of which includes two support blocks 5 respectively arranged on both sides of the road surface to be paved, and a leveling plate 4 connected between the two support blocks 5. The height of the lower surface of the leveling plate 4 from the road surface to be paved is set to match the required gravel paving thickness. A horizontal support rod 2 is connected to the bottom of the support block 5. The function of the horizontal support rod 2 is to increase the contact area between the entire device and the ground, preventing the support block 5 from sinking into the soft roadbed due to force during the paving process. Furthermore, multiple fasteners 3 are respectively provided on the upper surface of the horizontal support rod 2, the side of the support block 5, and the edge of the leveling plate 4 near the transport vehicle. All these fasteners 3 are connected to one end opening of the same connecting bag 1, and the other end opening of the connecting bag 1 is hooked to the unloading port of the transport vehicle (such as a dump truck). Its working principle is as follows: when the transport vehicle slowly moves backward and begins to unload, the gravel enters the connecting bag 1 from the unloading port, and after being guided by the connecting bag 1, falls directly onto the road surface in front of the leveling plate 4. As the vehicle continues to move, the connecting bag 1 drags the entire device backward in sync. At this time, the leveling plate 4 scrapes the gravel mixture piled in front of it, making the top surface of the mixture flush with the lower edge of the leveling plate 4. Since the height of the leveling plate 4 is pre-set to the required paving thickness, the thickness of the gravel layer after leveling meets the design requirements. This scheme realizes integrated continuous operation of "unloading, paving, and leveling simultaneously," completely replacing the extensive mode described in the background technology, which involves centralized unloading followed by manual paving and leveling using shovels and rakes. Its direct effects are: avoiding the segregation of coarse and fine particles caused by centralized dumping of gravel, ensuring the uniformity of the mixture in the paving width direction; eliminating the repetitive labor of repeated manual shoveling and replenishment, significantly improving construction efficiency; and allowing the paving thickness and elevation to be precisely controlled by mechanical devices, rather than relying on the experience judgment of operators, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of flatness control.

[0024] The paving plate 4 is bent upwards on the side closest to the transport vehicle. This invention further specifies that the paving plate 4 is configured with an upward-bending structure on the side closest to the transport vehicle. The working principle of this bending design is as follows: when the gravel in the connecting bag 1 falls to the front of the paving plate 4, the upward-bending portion forms a smooth transition ramp, effectively guiding the mixture to slide smoothly to the bottom of the paving plate 4, preventing the gravel from accumulating or getting stuck at the edge of the paving plate 4. Simultaneously, this bending structure increases the structural stiffness of the paving plate 4 in the direction of force, reducing deformation caused by impact loads during long-term use. In effect, this improvement makes the paving process smoother, reduces the risk of blockage at the connection between the outlet of the connecting bag 1 and the paving plate 4, and further improves the continuity and reliability of the operation. The support block 5 has a longitudinal first groove 14 on the side facing the finding plate 4. A first slider 13 is slidably connected to the first groove 14 and is connected to the finding plate 4. A hydraulic lifter 15 is provided at the bottom of the first groove 14 and the pushing end of the hydraulic lifter 15 is connected to the bottom surface of the first slider 13.

[0025] The connection between the support block 5 and the leveling plate 4 has been optimized. Specifically, a longitudinal first groove 14 is provided on the side of the support block 5 facing the leveling plate 4. A first slider 13 is slidably connected to the first groove 14, and the first slider 13 is fixedly connected to the leveling plate 4. A hydraulic lifter 15 is provided at the bottom of the first groove 14, and the pushing end of the hydraulic lifter 15 is connected to the bottom surface of the first slider 13. Its working principle is: by controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic lifter 15, the first slider 13 can be driven to slide up and down along the first groove 14, thereby driving the leveling plate 4 to rise and fall as a whole, realizing precise adjustment of the height of the leveling plate 4 off the ground. This design allows the device to quickly and accurately adjust the height of the leveling plate 4 according to the design paving thickness requirements of different construction sections (such as the thickness difference between the subbase and the base layer), without replacing any parts. In terms of effect, the hydraulic lifting adjustment method has the advantages of strong load-bearing capacity, smooth adjustment, and high positioning accuracy. Compared with manual adjustment or threaded adjustment, it is more suitable for the harsh vibration and heavy-load environment of the construction site.

[0026] Furthermore, a horizontally oriented square support plate 6 is provided above the side of the flatbed 4 away from the transport vehicle. A distance sensor 7 is provided on the lower surface of the support plate 6. A vertical support rod 8 is provided at the top corner of the support plate 6. The vertical support rod 8 is located on both sides of the support plate 6. The bottom of the vertical support rod 8 on each side is connected to the track walker 10. The distance sensor 7 and the hydraulic lifter 15 are respectively connected to the processor signal.

[0027] This invention further introduces an automated control scheme based on the above. Specifically, a horizontally oriented square support plate 6 is installed above the side of the paving plate 4 furthest from the transport vehicle (i.e., behind it in the paving direction). A distance sensor 7 is installed on the lower surface of the support plate 6 to detect the distance between the surface of the paved gravel layer and the support plate 6 in real time. Vertical support rods 8 are installed at the four corners of the support plate 6, and the bottom of the two vertical support rods 8 on each side are connected to a tracked walker 10. The distance sensor 7 and the hydraulic lift 15 are respectively connected to a processor (e.g., a microcontroller or programmable logic controller). Its working process and principle are as follows: During the paving operation, the tracked walker 10 supports the entire device to move on the paved or unpaved road surface. The distance sensor 7 measures the actual elevation data of the paved layer surface in real time and sends the data to the processor. The processor compares the measured data with the preset target paving thickness value. When it detects that the actual paving thickness deviates from the set value, the processor immediately sends a command to the hydraulic lift 15 to drive the leveling plate 4 to rise or fall by a compensation amount, thereby dynamically adjusting the thickness of subsequent paving. This closed-loop control system enables the device to have real-time feedback and automatic correction capabilities. Even if there are local unevennesses in the subgrade layer, the final smoothness of the paving surface can be ensured by automatically adjusting the height of the leveling plate. In terms of effectiveness, compared with the aforementioned open-loop control that can only achieve preset settings, this solution realizes intelligent paving with "detection and adjustment," further improving the paving thickness control accuracy from the centimeter level to the millimeter level, while significantly reducing the dependence on the operator's technical skill.

[0028] The outer surface of the tracked vehicle 10 is provided with a memory foam layer 9. Based on the above, a memory foam layer 9 is provided on the outer surface of the tracked vehicle 10. The working principle of this memory foam layer is as follows: when the tracked vehicle 10 travels on the already paved gravel surface, the memory foam layer can undergo elastic deformation, significantly increasing the contact area with the gravel surface, thereby reducing the ground pressure. Simultaneously, due to the slow recovery of the memory foam's original shape, it will not leave obvious indentations or disturb the compacted structure on the gravel surface. In effect, this design effectively avoids the problem of uneven compaction or surface scratches caused by steel or rubber tracks during travel, and is particularly suitable for the construction of high-grade highway base courses where high surface smoothness is required. Most importantly, due to the elastic deformation capacity of the memory foam layer 9, even when the ends of the road surface to be paved are uneven, it will not affect the distance between the support plate 6 and the leveling plate 4 detected by the distance sensor 7, thus ensuring that the thickness of the paved gravel remains uniform.

[0029] The distance sensors 7 are multiple, and each distance sensor 7 is connected to the processor via a signal. Further, the number of distance sensors 7 is multiple, and each distance sensor 7 is connected to the processor via a signal. The principle is as follows: multiple sensors are arranged laterally at intervals along the lower surface of the support plate 6, enabling simultaneous acquisition of elevation data from multiple different locations along the paving width direction. The processor analyzes this data, for example, calculating the average value or determining whether there are any local abnormally high values. In effect, multi-point measurement can effectively eliminate the random errors that may be caused by single-point measurement (e.g., a large-diameter stone protruding at a certain location), and can also detect whether there are obvious uneven phenomena in the paving layer laterally, such as left-right height difference or central bulge, providing a more comprehensive and reliable decision-making basis for the adjustment of the hydraulic lift.

[0030] The vertical support rod 8 has a longitudinal second sliding groove 12 on the side facing the leveling plate 4. A second slider 11 is slidably connected to the second sliding groove 12, and the second slider 11 is connected to the edge of the leveling plate 4. This illustrates the guiding connection structure between the leveling plate 4 and the vertical support rod 8. Specifically, a longitudinal second sliding groove 12 is provided on the side of the vertical support rod 8 facing the leveling plate 4, and a second slider 11 is slidably connected to the second sliding groove 12. The second slider 11 is fixedly connected to the edge of the leveling plate 4. Its working principle is as follows: when the hydraulic lifter 15 drives the leveling plate 4 to move up and down, the second slider 11 slides synchronously along the second sliding groove 12, thereby constraining and guiding the movement trajectory of the leveling plate 4. Effectively, this design ensures that the leveling plate 4 maintains a horizontal posture during lifting and lowering, avoiding the skewing or jamming that may occur due to single-sided hydraulic cylinder driving, and simultaneously enhancing the lateral stability of the leveling plate 4 when subjected to impact and friction from gravel.

[0031] In this invention, a toggle block 17 is disposed between the two support blocks 5. A through slot is formed on the horizontal axis of the toggle block 17, through which a rope 18 passes. The two ends of the rope 18 are respectively connected to the two support blocks 5. The toggle block 17 moves between the two support blocks 5 along the rope 18 via a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism includes an electromagnet 16 disposed on the support block 5 and magnetic poles disposed on the surface of the toggle block 17. When energized, the electromagnet 16 generates a repulsive force with the magnetic poles. The electromagnet 16 is signal-connected to the processor.

[0032] The above describes an active material-pushing mechanism for auxiliary leveling. Specifically, a pushing block 17 is set between two support blocks 5. A through groove is opened on the horizontal axis of the pushing block 17, and a rope 18 passes through the through groove. The two ends of the rope 18 are respectively connected to the two support blocks 5. The driving mechanism drives the pushing block 17 to move back and forth between the two support blocks 5 along the rope 18. The driving mechanism adopts the method of electromagnet 16 and magnetic pole cooperation: the electromagnet 16 is set on the support block 5, and magnetic poles are set on the surface of the pushing block 17. The processor controls the electromagnet 16 to be energized, so that it generates a periodically changing repulsive force with the magnetic pole, thereby pushing the pushing block 17 to move back and forth quickly along the rope 18. Its working principle and effect are as follows: After the leveling plate 4 completes the initial leveling, there may be some gaps in front of the leveling plate 4 where some large-diameter gravel is not completely filled, or there may be local coarse particle agglomeration. At this point, the reciprocating actuating block 17 acts like a "fork," laterally actuating the mixture in front of the leveling plate 4, causing large-diameter stones to disperse to both sides and finer materials to fill the gaps, thus achieving secondary homogenization. Compared to the passive leveling method relying solely on the leveling plate 4, this active material actuation mechanism can significantly improve the uniformity of large-diameter gravel paving, reduce surface voids and segregation zones, and is especially suitable for gravel materials with a larger maximum particle size (such as 60mm or more). Meanwhile, the electromagnet drive method has advantages such as fast response speed, high commutation frequency, and no mechanical contact wear, making it suitable for long-term reliable operation in humid and dusty construction environments.

[0033] In this invention, the thickness of the side of the leveling plate 4 away from the transport vehicle is no more than 2 cm. This limits the thickness of the side of the leveling plate 4 away from the transport vehicle (i.e., the scraping edge) to no more than 2 cm. Its working principle is as follows: when leveling gravel, the lower edge of the leveling plate 4 directly rubs and shears against the mixture. Controlling the thickness of this edge to within 2 cm effectively forms a "thin blade," which effectively reduces scraping resistance, making it easier for the leveling plate 4 to cut into the accumulated gravel, while reducing the phenomenon of large-diameter stones being stuck or pushed and rolled by the blade. In effect, this thin-blade design makes the paved surface smoother and finer, while reducing the driving load on the hydraulic lift 15 and the tracked walker 10, extending the service life of the entire machine. Most importantly, it ensures the stability of the invention. The support block 5 of this invention is relatively heavy, and rollers or other tools can be added below it for easy dragging, ensuring that the leveling plate 4 always remains level with the road surface.

[0034] In summary, the gravel paving device provided by this invention, through the coordinated operation of multiple technical features such as the guiding function of the connecting bag, the leveling function of the leveling plate, the precise adjustment of the hydraulic lift, the real-time feedback of the distance sensor, the autonomous movement of the tracked walker, and the active homogenization of the agitator, forms a complete mechanized and intelligent paving system. This device completely changes the problems of severe segregation, low efficiency, and poor precision inherent in traditional manual paving. It realizes integrated flow operations for unloading, paving, leveling, inspection, and correction in gravel paving construction, resulting in significant improvements in construction efficiency, paving quality, and labor costs. It possesses outstanding substantive features and significant advancements, making it suitable for widespread application in various gravel paving projects such as highways, municipal works, and site hardening.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravel paving device, characterized in that, The system includes two support blocks (5) located on both sides of the paved road surface. A leveling plate (4) is connected between the two support blocks (5). The leveling plate (4) is at the same height as the thickness of the gravel paving. A horizontal support rod (2) is connected to the bottom of the support block (5). Multiple fasteners (3) are provided on the upper surface of the horizontal support rod (2), the side of the support block (5), and the edge of the leveling plate (4) near the transport vehicle. All the fasteners (3) are connected to one end opening of the same connecting bag (1). The other end opening of the connecting bag (1) is connected to the unloading port of the transport vehicle.

2. A gravel paving device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flatbed (4) is bent upwards on the side closest to the transport vehicle.

3. A gravel paving device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support block (5) has a longitudinal first groove (14) on the side facing the search plate (4). A first slider (13) is slidably connected to the first groove (14). The first slider (13) is connected to the search plate (4). A hydraulic lifter (15) is provided at the bottom of the first groove (14). The pushing end of the hydraulic lifter (15) is connected to the bottom surface of the first slider (13).

4. A gravel paving device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A horizontally oriented square support plate (6) is provided above the side of the flat plate (4) away from the transport vehicle. A distance sensor (7) is provided on the lower surface of the support plate (6). A vertical support rod (8) is provided at the top corner of the support plate (6). The vertical support rod (8) is located on both sides of the support plate (6). The bottom of the vertical support rod (8) on each side is connected to the track walker (10). The distance sensor (7) and the hydraulic lifter (15) are respectively connected to the processor signal.

5. A gravel paving device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer surface of the tracked vehicle (10) is provided with a memory foam layer (9).

6. A gravel paving device according to claim 4, characterized in that, There are multiple distance sensors (7), and each distance sensor (7) is connected to the processor via a signal.

7. A gravel paving device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vertical support rod (8) has a longitudinal second slide groove (12) on the side facing the search plate (4), and a second slider (11) is slidably connected on the second slide groove (12). The second slider (11) is connected to the edge of the search plate (4).

8. A gravel paving device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A toggle block (17) is provided between the two support blocks (5). The toggle block (17) has a through groove on its horizontal axis. A rope (18) passes through the through groove. The two ends of the rope (18) are respectively connected to the two support blocks (5). The toggle block (17) moves between the two support blocks (5) along the rope (18) by a drive mechanism.

9. A gravel paving device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes an electromagnet (16) disposed on the support block (5) and a magnetic pole disposed on the surface of the toggle block (17). When the electromagnet (16) is energized, it generates a repulsive force with the magnetic pole. The electromagnet (16) is connected to the processor signal.

10. A gravel paving device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the flat plate (4) on the side away from the transport vehicle is no more than 2 cm.

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