Automated Integrated Device and Control Method for Single-Drive Synchronous Orifice Alignment

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of geological drilling technology and discloses an automated integrated device and control method for single-drive synchronous centering of the borehole. The device includes a lightweight cantilever beam structure, a front clamping device, and a rear clamping and uncoupling device. The lightweight cantilever beam structure is mounted on the drilling rig frame via a rotating fixing frame, and the rotating support frame is switched between horizontal and vertical positions by a main hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder lifting ring, a guide rail connection, and a rotating support connection. The front clamping device is used for pre-clamping and straightening the drill rod, and the rear clamping and uncoupling device includes locking jaws, a uncoupling frame, an uncoupling device, a release actuator drive wheel, a release actuator auxiliary wheel, and a back hydraulic cylinder, used to realize drill rod clamping, guiding, uncoupling, and position adjustment. The control method includes drill rod placement, clamping positioning, posture switching, hooking or uncoupling, and resetting. This invention reduces the occupation of the working space in front of the borehole, does not easily obstruct the observation line of sight, and is also convenient for manual assistance and emergency intervention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological drilling technology, specifically to an automated integrated device and control method for single-drive synchronous centering boreholes. Background Technology

[0002] During geological exploration and air reverse circulation drilling, as the drilling depth continues to increase, the drill rod needs to be frequently added and disassembled. The borehole area then becomes a key work location where multiple processes such as clamping, unhooking, straightening, and transportation are concentrated. The work efficiency, operational safety, and ease of manual coordination in this area will directly affect the overall construction effect of the machine.

[0003] While existing reverse circulation drilling rigs or similar drilling equipment have achieved a certain degree of mechanized rod connection and disconnection capabilities, they still generally require a high degree of manual intervention in practical applications. This is especially true during drill rod support, borehole alignment, and unhooking, where on-site personnel often need continuous intervention, leading to high labor intensity and increased safety risks in the borehole area. Furthermore, existing automatic rod connection and disconnection devices typically employ multiple actuators and support components to perform clamping, unhooking, and guiding actions, resulting in a complex overall structure. After installation, these devices tend to occupy space in front of or to the sides of the borehole, affecting observation and manual operation, and increasing the difficulty of hydraulic circuit configuration, coordination, and subsequent maintenance. Some unhooking mechanisms lack sufficient envelope guidance for the drill rod joint, which can easily lead to force misalignment, asynchronous clamping, or uneven movement during unhooking, thus affecting unhooking stability and operational reliability.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an automated drill rod attachment device suitable for borehole operations in reverse circulation drilling rigs. While maintaining the openness of the borehole working space, it should also simplify the support structure, reduce the number of drive components, coordinate the clamping and unhooking actions, and ensure stable unhooking guidance, so as to meet the needs of automated and less-manned borehole operations under rapid drilling conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automated integrated device and control method for single-drive synchronous centering of boreholes, which solves the problems of complex structure, numerous drive components and hydraulic circuits, obstructed borehole working space, and insufficient stability in the process of clamping and unclamping drill rods in existing reverse circulation drilling rig borehole operations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A single-drive synchronous centering automated integrated device for boreholes, the device is based on a lightweight cantilever beam structure. The mounting end of the lightweight cantilever beam structure is equipped with a rotating fixing frame. One end of the rotating fixing frame is fixedly connected to an external drilling rig frame by bolts. The other end of the rotating fixing frame is rotatably connected to a rotating support frame via a rotating support connection. A main hydraulic cylinder is provided between the rotating fixing frame and the rotating support frame. The end of the main hydraulic cylinder facing the rotating support frame is connected to a guide rail via a cylinder lifting ring. The guide rail is connected to the rotating support frame. A front clamping device is provided on the side of the rotating support frame away from the guide rail connection. A rear clamping and uncoupling device is provided on the side of the rotating support frame away from the front clamping device. A back hydraulic cylinder is provided between the rotating support frame and the rear clamping and uncoupling device. The rear clamping and uncoupling device is equipped with locking jaws for clamping drill pipes and an uncoupling mechanism for uncoupling drill pipe joints.

[0007] Preferably, the rotary support connection includes a rotating shaft support frame, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotary fixed frame. The rotating shaft support frame is provided with a rotating shaft circular support tube, and a main rotating shaft and a rotating shaft support tube are provided inside the rotating shaft circular support tube. The rotary support frame is rotatably engaged with the main rotating shaft through a connecting part sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft circular support tube.

[0008] Preferably, the guide rail connection includes a guide rail, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating support frame, and a slider is slidably fitted on the upper surface of the guide rail.

[0009] Preferably, the front clamping device includes a front clamping jaw, and a locking cylinder is hinged to the rear side of the front clamping jaw by a pin.

[0010] Preferably, the rear clamping and unhooking device is based on an unhooking frame, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider. A locking jaw is provided on one side of the unhooking frame, and the locking jaw has the same structure as the front clamping device. An unhooking device is provided between the unhooking frame and the locking jaw. The unhooking device includes a release cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the unhooking frame. A circumferential rail is rotatably connected to the output end of the release cylinder. A semicircular ring and a guide ring are slidably connected inside the circumferential rail. The semicircular ring and the guide ring can slide against each other. A release mechanism drive wheel and a release mechanism auxiliary wheel are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the upper end of the unhooking frame.

[0011] Preferably, the shackle frame consists of two stiffening plates and four cylinders connected between the two stiffening plates, and the release device drive wheel and the release device auxiliary wheel are respectively bolted to both sides of the stiffening plates.

[0012] Preferably, the trip unit drive wheel includes a trip unit bracket, which is bolted to one side of the stiffener plate. One end of the trip unit bracket is fixedly connected to a trip unit cylinder, and the other end of the trip unit bracket is fixedly connected to a driver and a trip unit. The trip unit is connected to the driver via the trip unit bracket. The trip unit auxiliary wheel includes a second trip unit bracket, which is fixedly connected to the other side of the stiffener plate. A trip unit cylinder and a second trip unit are respectively provided on both sides of the second trip unit bracket.

[0013] Preferably, the back cylinder is fixedly connected to the rotating support frame via a back cylinder bracket, the output end of the back cylinder is connected to the outer surface of the shackle frame, and the axis of the back cylinder is parallel to the line connecting the front clamping device and the rear clamping shackle device.

[0014] Preferably, the rotating fixing frame is mounted on one side of the external drilling rig frame, and the rotating support frame is connected to the side of the rotating fixing frame away from the external drilling rig frame via the rotating support connection and extends out on one side along the borehole direction. The front clamping device and the rear clamping and unclamping device are both located on the same side of the rotating support frame facing the borehole, and the front clamping device is located between the rear clamping and unclamping device and the borehole.

[0015] A control method for a single-drive synchronous alignment orifice automation integrated device includes the following steps: The drill rod to be used is placed between the front clamping device and the rear clamping and unclamping device, and the drill rod is clamped and positioned by the front clamping device and the rear clamping and unclamping device. The main hydraulic cylinder is driven to rotate the rotating support frame around the rotating support connection, so that the drill rod is switched from the horizontal position to the vertical position and aligned with the borehole opening; When performing splicing operations, the drive head rotates to complete the splicing of the drill pipe; When performing a uncoupling operation, keep the drill pipe in a clamped state and drive the uncoupling device to complete the uncoupling of the threads between the upper and lower drill pipes. After the connection or disconnection is completed, the main hydraulic cylinder is driven to reverse, causing the rotating support frame to reset.

[0016] This invention provides an automated integrated device and control method for single-drive synchronous centering of orifices. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention adopts a single cantilever beam open support arrangement, uses a lightweight cantilever beam structure as the load-bearing foundation of the whole device, and integrates the front clamping device and the rear clamping and unhooking device together. This ensures the support strength and posture switching capability while reducing the occupation of the working space in front of the orifice, making it less likely to obstruct the observation line of sight, and also facilitating manual assistance and emergency intervention, thereby improving the spatial adaptability of orifice operation and the convenience of on-site operation.

[0017] 2. The present invention adopts a double-sided synchronous clamping scheme driven by a single hydraulic cylinder in the rear clamping and unhooking device, and combines a lever force-enhancing structure to realize the synchronous action of the rear clamper and the unhooking clamping mechanism. Therefore, it can reduce the number of driving components and the complexity of the hydraulic circuit, reduce the difficulty of system linkage control, and improve the consistency and stability of the clamping action on both sides. This is conducive to improving the reliability of drill pipe clamping and reducing the manufacturing, installation and maintenance costs of the equipment.

[0018] 3. The uncoupling mechanism of the present invention adopts a hydraulic wrench structure with a semi-circular guide rail, and the front clamping device and the rear clamping and uncoupling device cooperate to guide and limit the drill rod, so that the drill rod maintains good concentricity and stability during the connection and uncoupling process. Therefore, it can improve the guiding conditions and stress state when the drill rod joint is uncoupled, reduce the situation of deflection, jamming and unsmooth uncoupling, improve the stability and reliability of the uncoupling process, thereby reducing the labor intensity of borehole operation and improving the efficiency of drill rod clamping and uncoupling. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a lightweight cantilever beam structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating fixing frame according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rail connection according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the lightweight cantilever beam structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front bearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rear clamping and unhooking device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the unhooking device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the tripping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the back-mounted hydraulic cylinder and its support according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Among them, 1. Lightweight cantilever beam structure; 101. Rotating fixing frame; 102. Main hydraulic cylinder; 103. Hydraulic cylinder lifting ring; 104. Rotating support frame; 105. Guide rail connection; 1051. Slider; 1052. Guide rail; 106. Rotating support connection; 1061. Shaft support frame; 1062. Main shaft; 1063. Shaft support tube; 1064. Shaft circular support tube; 2. Front clamping device; 201. Front clamping jaws; 202. Locking cylinder; 203. Stirring pin; 3. Rear Clamping and releasing device; 301, locking jaws; 302, releasing device; 3021, semi-circular ring; 3022, guide ring; 3023, circumferential rail; 3024, releasing cylinder; 303, releasing frame; 3041, release cylinder one; 3042, release bracket one; 3043, driver; 3044, release one; 3045, release cylinder two; 3046, release bracket two; 3047, release two; 3051, back cylinder; 3052, back cylinder bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 11 This invention provides a single-drive synchronous centering automated integrated device for boreholes. The device is based on a lightweight cantilever beam structure 1. A rotating fixing frame 101 is mounted at the mounting end of the lightweight cantilever beam structure 1. One end of the rotating fixing frame 101 is bolted to an external drilling rig frame. The other end of the rotating fixing frame 101 is rotatably connected to a rotating support frame 104 via a rotating support connection 106. A main hydraulic cylinder 102 is located between the rotating fixing frame 101 and the rotating support frame 104, with the main hydraulic cylinder 102 facing the rotating support frame 104. One end of 4 is connected to a guide rail connection 105 via a hydraulic cylinder lifting ring 103. The guide rail connection 105 is mounted on a rotating support frame 104. A front clamping device 2 is provided on the side of the rotating support frame 104 away from the guide rail connection 105. A rear clamping and unhooking device 3 is provided on the side of the rotating support frame 104 away from the front clamping device 2. A back hydraulic cylinder 3051 is provided between the rotating support frame 104 and the rear clamping and unhooking device 3. The rear clamping and unhooking device 3 is provided with a locking jaw 301 for clamping the drill pipe and an unhooking mechanism for unhooking the drill pipe joint.

[0023] Specifically, the lightweight cantilever beam structure 1 serves as the load-bearing foundation for the entire automated orifice integration device, centrally bearing the forces generated during clamping, unhooking, and posture switching, enabling the device to form an integrated working platform around the orifice operation requirements; the rotating fixed frame 101 provides a stable installation reference for the entire machine, ensuring the reliability of the overall support during continuous operation; the main hydraulic cylinder 102, as the main actuator for posture switching, drives the entire set of working components to switch between different work positions, thereby meeting the requirements for posture changes during rod connection and unhooking; the hydraulic cylinder lifting ring 103 is used to transition and transmit the force output by the main hydraulic cylinder 102, making the power input process smoother; the rotating support frame 104 is used to centrally install the front and rear ends. The working components enable clamping, guiding, and uncoupling actions to be completed on the same bearing platform; the guide rail connection 105 provides controlled guidance for related actions, making the movement of the device more stable; the front clamping device 2 mainly undertakes the pre-clamping and straightening function of the drill pipe, which helps maintain the stability of the drill pipe when it enters the working state; the rear clamping and uncoupling device 3 mainly undertakes the rear clamping and joint uncoupling function, enabling the drill pipe connection and disconnection process to be completed continuously; the back cylinder 3051 is used to adjust the working state of the rear clamping and uncoupling device 3 to improve the adaptability of the drill pipe joint processing; the locking jaw 301 is used to form a reliable constraint on the drill pipe, reducing the movement during operation; the uncoupling mechanism is used to apply the uncoupling action to the drill pipe joint, thereby completing the thread loosening and separation process.

[0024] The rotating support connection 106 includes a rotating shaft support frame 1061, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating fixed frame 101. The rotating shaft support frame 1061 is provided with a rotating shaft circular support tube 1064, and the rotating shaft circular support tube 1064 is provided with a main rotating shaft 1062 and a rotating shaft support tube 1063. The rotating support frame 104 is rotatably engaged with the main rotating shaft 1062 through a connecting part sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft circular support tube 1064.

[0025] Specifically, the rotary support connection 106 is used to realize the swing foundation of the lightweight cantilever beam structure 1, so that the device has a stable rotation capability during operation; the rotary shaft support frame 1061 is used to provide a foundation support for the rotating part, so that the relevant rotating parts remain stable under stress; the main rotary shaft 1062 is used to form the main rotation center of the rotary support frame 104, so that the whole mechanism has a clear axis of motion when switching positions; the rotary shaft support tube 1063 is used to cooperate with the main rotary shaft 1062 to bear the support and stabilization role, reducing the swaying during rotation; the rotary shaft circular support tube 1064 is used to accommodate and protect the rotary bearing components, so that the rotary motion has good continuity and load-bearing capacity.

[0026] The guide rail connection 105 includes a guide rail 1052, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating support frame 104. A slider 1051 is slidably fitted on the upper surface of the guide rail 1052.

[0027] Specifically, the guide rail 1052 is used to limit the movement direction of the moving parts, so that the relevant actions are carried out along the predetermined trajectory, thereby avoiding obvious deviations during the operation; the slider 1051 is used to receive the drive input and move smoothly along the guide rail 1052, so that the power transmission is smoother, and at the same time it helps to reduce local jamming, thereby improving the stability of attitude switching and subsequent unhooking operations.

[0028] The front clamping device 2 includes a front clamping jaw 201, and a locking cylinder 202 is hinged to the rear side of the front clamping jaw 201 by a pin 203.

[0029] Specifically, the front clamping jaws 201 act directly on the outer wall of the drill pipe to form an initial clamping and limiting position, making it easier to maintain stability when the drill pipe enters the working state; the locking cylinder 202 provides clamping power to the front clamping jaws 201, making the clamping action controllable; the auger pin 203 enables the front clamping jaws 201 to form a flexible cooperation during the operation, making the clamping process smoother and easier to adapt to the actual clamping needs of the drill pipe.

[0030] The rear clamping and unhooking device 3 is based on the unhooking frame 303, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider 1051. A locking jaw 301 is provided on one side of the unhooking frame 303. The locking jaw 301 has the same structure as the front clamping device 2. An unhooking device 302 is provided between the unhooking frame 303 and the locking jaw 301. The unhooking device 302 includes a release cylinder 3024, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the unhooking frame 303. The output end of the release cylinder 3024 is rotatably connected to a circumferential rail 3023. A semi-circular ring 3021 and a guide ring 3022 are slidably connected inside the circumferential rail 3023. The semi-circular ring 3021 and the guide ring 3022 can slide against each other. The upper left and right sides of the unhooking frame 303 are also provided with a release device drive wheel and a release device auxiliary wheel, respectively.

[0031] Specifically, the uncoupling frame 303 serves as the main functional support for the rear clamping uncoupling device 3, enabling the uncoupling device 302 and the release guide components to be centrally arranged around the drill pipe joint and operate in coordination. The uncoupling device 302 directly completes the uncoupling process of the drill pipe joint and is the core execution part for achieving joint separation. The release cylinder 3024 provides the driving force required for uncoupling, making the uncoupling action continuous and controllable. The circumferential rail 3023 receives the action output by the release cylinder 3024 and forms the basis for circumferential motion, making the uncoupling process more stable. The semi-circular ring 3021 forms an arc-shaped guide reference during joint uncoupling, making the action process more closely fit the shape of the drill pipe joint. The guide ring 3022 forms a guiding fit during uncoupling, making the joint more evenly stressed and reducing deviation and jamming. The release drive wheel and release auxiliary wheel form auxiliary guidance and stable constraints on the joint area during uncoupling, thereby improving the reliability of the uncoupling action.

[0032] The shackle frame 303 consists of two stiffening plates and four cylinders connected between the two stiffening plates. The release device drive wheel and the release device auxiliary wheel are bolted to both sides of the stiffening plates respectively.

[0033] Specifically, the shackle frame 303 is composed of two stiffening plates and four cylinders, which gives it good overall rigidity and support capacity when bearing the shackle and guiding functions. The stiffening plates are mainly used to enhance the overall load-bearing stability, and the cylinders are mainly used to maintain the integrity and force coordination between the two side structures. After the release device drive wheel and release device auxiliary wheel are installed, they can form a relatively stable working unit on this basis, thereby ensuring the structural reliability of the rear clamping shackle device 3 in continuous operation.

[0034] The trip unit drive wheel includes a trip unit bracket 3042, which is bolted to one side of the stiffener plate. One end of the trip unit bracket 3042 is fixedly connected to a trip unit cylinder 3041, and the other end of the trip unit bracket 3042 is fixedly connected to a driver 3043 and a trip unit 3044. The trip unit 3044 is connected to the driver 3043 via the trip unit bracket 3042. The trip unit auxiliary wheel includes a trip unit bracket 3046, which is fixedly connected to the other side of the stiffener plate. A trip unit cylinder 3045 and a trip unit 3047 are respectively provided on both sides of the trip unit bracket 3046.

[0035] Specifically, the trip unit bracket 3042 supports the active-side tripping component, providing a clear support basis for the active-side action; the trip unit cylinder 3041 provides the necessary actuation power for the active-side tripping, enabling control over the active guidance and pressing processes; the driver 3043 transmits and outputs the active-side action, enabling the trip unit 3044 to function effectively; the trip unit 3044 actively guides and acts on the drill pipe joint, making the unpairing posture more stable; the trip unit bracket 3046 supports the auxiliary-side tripping component, enabling the auxiliary-side action to cooperate with the active-side action; the trip unit cylinder 3045 provides the driving force to the auxiliary side, enabling the auxiliary constraint process to respond; and the trip unit 3047 provides auxiliary guidance and cooperation to the joint, thereby working with the active side to improve the stability of the joint separation process.

[0036] The back cylinder 3051 is fixedly connected to the rotating support frame 104 via the back cylinder bracket 3052. The output end of the back cylinder 3051 is connected to the outer surface of the shackle frame 303, and the axis of the back cylinder 3051 is parallel to the line connecting the front clamping device 2 and the rear clamping shackle device 3.

[0037] Specifically, the back cylinder bracket 3052 is used to provide stable support for the back cylinder 3051, so that the back cylinder 3051 can maintain reliable force when pushing the rear clamping and unhooking device 3 for state adjustment, and facilitates the stable transmission of the pushing action, thereby improving the consistency of the action of the rear clamping and unhooking device 3 under different working conditions.

[0038] The rotating fixed frame 101 is located on one side of the external drilling rig frame. The rotating support frame 104 is connected to the rotating fixed frame 101 on the side away from the external drilling rig frame via the rotating support connection 106 and extends out on one side along the borehole direction. The front clamping device 2 and the rear clamping and unclamping device 3 are both located on the same side of the rotating support frame 104 facing the borehole, and the front clamping device 2 is located between the rear clamping and unclamping device 3 and the borehole.

[0039] Specifically, the rotating fixing frame 101, rotating support frame 104, front clamping device 2 and rear clamping and unclamping device 3 adopt a single-sided open overall arrangement, so that the whole set of devices forms a relatively concentrated working unit in the borehole area. This arrangement is conducive to the continuous operation of the drill rod when it enters the clamping, centering and unclamping state, and also helps to reduce the impact on the operating line of sight and manual auxiliary space in the borehole area, thus taking into account both the needs of automated operation and the convenience of on-site intervention.

[0040] A control method for a single-drive synchronous alignment orifice automation integrated device includes the following steps: The drill rod to be used is placed between the front clamping device 2 and the rear clamping and unclamping device 3, and the drill rod is clamped and positioned by the front clamping device 2 and the rear clamping and unclamping device 3. The main hydraulic cylinder 102 is driven to rotate, causing the rotating support frame 104 to rotate around the rotating support connection 106, so that the drill rod is switched from the horizontal position to the vertical position and aligned with the hole opening. When performing splicing operations, the drive head rotates to complete the splicing of the drill pipe; When performing the uncoupling operation, keep the drill pipe in the clamped state and drive the uncoupling device 302 to complete the uncoupling of the threads between the upper and lower drill pipes. After the connection or disconnection is completed, the main hydraulic cylinder 102 is driven to reverse, so that the rotating support frame 104 is reset.

[0041] Working principle: In use, the lightweight cantilever beam structure 1 is first installed as a whole on one side of the drilling rig borehole. The rotating fixed frame 101 is fixed to the external drilling rig frame with bolts. The shaft support frame 1061 is fixed on the rotating fixed frame 101. The main shaft 1062 and the shaft support tube 1063 are installed in the concave side A of the circular shaft support tube 1064. Together with the rotating support connection 106, they form the slewing bearing of the rotating support frame 104. The rotating support frame 104 is then connected to the rotating support through the hollow surface C. 106 is connected; then one end of the main hydraulic cylinder 102 is fixed on the rotating fixed frame 101, and the other end is connected to the guide rail connection 105 via the hydraulic cylinder lifting ring 103. The guide rail 1052 in the guide rail connection 105 is fixed on the rotating support frame 104. The slider 1051 moves back and forth along the guide rail 1052 through the groove surface B, thereby transmitting the push and pull force to the rotating support frame 104 when the main hydraulic cylinder 102 extends and retracts, so that the rotating support frame 104 swings around the rotating support connection 106 between the horizontal and vertical positions. After the drill rod to be connected is hoisted into the device, the front clamping jaws 201 in the front clamping device 2 clamp and position the front section of the drill rod under the cooperation of the locking cylinder 202 and the auger pin 203. The locking jaws 301 in the rear clamping and uncoupling device 3 clamp and limit the rear section of the drill rod. The back cylinder 3051 pushes the rear clamping and uncoupling device 3 to make axial adjustment relative to the rotating support frame 104 through the back cylinder bracket 3052, so that the drill rod joint is aligned with the borehole and the power head. After alignment is completed, the main cylinder 102 is activated, which drives the lightweight cantilever beam structure 1 to lift the drill rod from the horizontal position to the vertical position, and the power head rotates to achieve the upper coupling. When uncoupling is required, the device remains in a vertical position. The uncoupling frame 303, as the main body for mounting the rear clamping uncoupling device 3, supports the uncoupling device 302 and the release guide component. The release cylinder 3024 drives the circumferential rail 3023 to move, and the guide ring 3022 inside the circumferential rail 3023 moves accordingly and slides along the corresponding arc-shaped guide surface of the semicircular ring 3021 with its D surface, thereby forming an envelope guide for the drill pipe joint and completing the uncoupling action. During this process, the release device bracket 1 3042 and release device bracket 2 3046 on both sides of the uncoupling frame 303 respectively install the release device cylinder 1 3041, the driver 3043, the release device 1 3044, the release device cylinder 2 3045, and the release device 2. 3047, wherein the first trip cylinder 3041 drives the first trip unit 3044 to actively press and guide via the driver 3043, and the second trip cylinder 3045 drives the second trip unit 3047 to assist in pressing and guiding. The two side components cooperate with each other to stabilize and limit the joint posture, reduce the unpinning deviation, and make the threads of the upper and lower drill pipes separate smoothly. After unpinning or pinning is completed, the main cylinder 102 moves in the reverse direction, the slider 1051 returns along the guide rail 1052, and the rotating support frame 104, together with the front clamping device 2 and the rear clamping unpinning device 3, returns to the initial position. The back cylinder 3051 synchronously drives the rear clamping unpinning device 3 to retract, thereby completing a complete automatic pinning or unpinning cycle.

Claims

1. A single-drive synchronous centering automated integrated device for orifices, characterized in that, The device is based on a lightweight cantilever beam structure (1). The mounting end of the lightweight cantilever beam structure (1) is provided with a rotating fixing frame (101). One end of the rotating fixing frame (101) is fixedly connected to the external drilling rig frame by bolts. The other end of the rotating fixing frame (101) is rotatably connected to a rotating support frame (104) through a rotating support connection (106). A main hydraulic cylinder (102) is provided between the rotating fixing frame (101) and the rotating support frame (104). The end of the main hydraulic cylinder (102) facing the rotating support frame (104) is connected through a hydraulic cylinder lifting ring (103). A guide rail connection (105) is provided on the rotating support frame (104). A front clamping device (2) is provided on the side of the rotating support frame (104) away from the guide rail connection (105). A rear clamping and unhooking device (3) is provided on the side of the rotating support frame (104) away from the front clamping device (2). A back cylinder (3051) is provided between the rotating support frame (104) and the rear clamping and unhooking device (3). The rear clamping and unhooking device (3) is provided with a locking jaw (301) for clamping the drill pipe and an unhooking mechanism for unhooking the drill pipe joint.

2. The automated integrated device for single-drive synchronous centering of orifices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating support connection (106) includes a rotating shaft support frame (1061), which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating fixed frame (101). The rotating shaft support frame (1061) is provided with a rotating shaft circular support tube (1064). The rotating shaft circular support tube (1064) is provided with a main rotating shaft (1062) and a rotating shaft support tube (1063). The rotating support frame (104) is rotatably engaged with the main rotating shaft (1062) through a connecting part sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft circular support tube (1064).

3. The automated integrated device for single-drive synchronous centering of orifices according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide rail connection (105) includes a guide rail (1052), which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating support frame (104), and a slider (1051) is slidably fitted on the upper surface of the guide rail (1052).

4. The automated integrated device for single-drive synchronous centering of orifices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front clamping device (2) includes a front clamping jaw (201), and a locking cylinder (202) is hinged to the rear side of the front clamping jaw (201) by a pin (203).

5. The automated integrated device for single-drive synchronous centering of orifices according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rear clamping and unhooking device (3) is based on an unhooking frame (303), which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider (1051). A locking jaw (301) is provided on one side of the unhooking frame (303), which has the same structure as the front clamping device (2). An unhooking device (302) is provided between the unhooking frame (303) and the locking jaw (301), and the unhooking device (302) includes a release cylinder (3024). The release cylinder (3024) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the release frame (303). The output end of the release cylinder (3024) is rotatably connected to a circumferential rail (3023). A semi-circular ring (3021) and a guide ring (3022) are slidably connected inside the circumferential rail (3023). The semi-circular ring (3021) and the guide ring (3022) can slide against each other. The upper left and right sides of the release frame (303) are respectively provided with a release device drive wheel and a release device auxiliary wheel.

6. The automated integrated device for single-drive synchronous centering of orifices according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shackle frame (303) consists of two stiffening plates and four cylinders connected between the two stiffening plates. The release device drive wheel and the release device auxiliary wheel are respectively bolted to both sides of the stiffening plates.

7. The automated integrated device for single-drive synchronous centering of orifices according to claim 6, characterized in that, The trip unit drive wheel includes a trip unit bracket (3042), which is bolted to one side of the stiffener plate. One end of the trip unit bracket (3042) is fixedly connected to a trip unit cylinder (3041), and the other end of the trip unit bracket (3042) is fixedly connected to a driver (3043) and a trip unit (3044). The trip unit (3044) is connected to the driver (3043) via the trip unit bracket (3042). The trip unit auxiliary wheel includes a second trip unit bracket (3046), which is fixedly connected to the other side of the stiffener plate. The second trip unit bracket (3046) is provided with a second trip unit cylinder (3045) and a second trip unit (3047) on both sides of the second trip unit bracket (3046).

8. The automated integrated device for single-drive synchronous centering of orifices according to claim 5, characterized in that, The back cylinder (3051) is fixedly connected to the rotating support frame (104) by the back cylinder bracket (3052). The output end of the back cylinder (3051) is connected to the outer surface of the shackle frame (303), and the axis of the back cylinder (3051) is parallel to the line connecting the front clamping device (2) and the rear clamping shackle device (3).

9. The automated integrated device for single-drive synchronous centering of orifices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating fixing frame (101) is located on one side of the external drilling rig frame. The rotating support frame (104) is connected to the side of the rotating fixing frame (101) away from the external drilling rig frame through the rotating support connection (106) and extends out on one side along the orifice direction. The front clamping device (2) and the rear clamping and unclamping device (3) are both located on the same side of the rotating support frame (104) facing the orifice, and the front clamping device (2) is located between the rear clamping and unclamping device (3) and the orifice.

10. A control method for a single-drive synchronous centering automated integrated orifice device, characterized in that, An automated integrated device for orifice alignment in a single-drive synchronous pair as described in any one of claims 1-9 comprises the following steps: The drill rod to be operated is placed between the front clamping device (2) and the rear clamping and unclamping device (3), and the drill rod is clamped and positioned by the front clamping device (2) and the rear clamping and unclamping device (3); Drive the main hydraulic cylinder (102) to move, causing the rotating support frame (104) to rotate around the rotating support connection (106), so that the drill rod switches from the horizontal position to the vertical position and is aligned with the hole opening; When performing splicing operations, the drive head rotates to complete the splicing of the drill pipe; When performing the uncoupling operation, keep the drill pipe in the clamped state and drive the uncoupling device (302) to complete the uncoupling of the threads between the upper and lower drill pipes; After the connection or disconnection is completed, drive the main hydraulic cylinder (102) to reverse the action, so that the rotating support frame (104) is reset.

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