A gearbox cooling method, system and vehicle

Abstract

This invention discloses a transmission cooling method, system, and vehicle, comprising the following steps: S1 When the hydraulic retarder is working, the oil is divided into two paths: one path passes through the transmission and the transmission cooler and returns to the oil tank; the other path passes through the hydraulic retarder and the hydraulic retarder cooler, and the oil circulates between the hydraulic retarder and the hydraulic retarder cooler; S2 When the hydraulic retarder is not working, the oil passes through the transmission, the hydraulic retarder cooler, and the transmission cooler. When the transmission works independently, the hydraulic retarder cooler and the transmission cooler jointly cool the transmission oil, providing a good cooling effect. When the hydraulic retarder is working, the oil is divided into two paths and enters the corresponding coolers for cooling. The oil drawn into the hydraulic retarder does not return to the oil tank, while the transmission oil returns to the oil tank, thus completely separating the working media of the transmission and the hydraulic retarder, solving the problems of poor transmission cooling effect and interference between transmission cooling and hydraulic retarder cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining dump truck technology, and in particular to a method and system for cooling a gearbox. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the gearboxes of dump trucks lack dedicated cooling designs. When the internal temperature is too high, it can shorten the lifespan of the gears, thus affecting the overall vehicle performance. When a hydraulic retarder (referred to as a hydraulic retarder) is integrated, there is usually only one cooling channel. Because the operating temperature of the hydraulic retarder is much higher than that of the gearbox itself, with only one cooling channel, the oil flows through this single channel, and the oil temperatures flowing to the gearbox and the hydraulic retarder affect each other, thus negatively impacting the cooling effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a transmission cooling method, system, and vehicle to solve the technical problem of poor cooling effect caused by the lack of cooling structure and the transmission sharing a cooling flow channel with the liquid buffer.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides a method for cooling a transmission, comprising the following steps: S1. When the hydraulic retarder is working, the oil is divided into two paths. One path of oil passes through the gearbox and gearbox cooler and returns to the oil tank. The other path of oil passes through the hydraulic retarder and hydraulic retarder cooler. The oil circulates between the hydraulic retarder and the hydraulic retarder cooler. S2. When the hydraulic retarder is not working, the oil flows through the gearbox and the hydraulic retarder cooler and gearbox cooler.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the above embodiments are as follows: by controlling the hydraulic retarder and the transmission oil circuit, two cooling control modes are realized under different operating conditions. When the transmission works independently, the hydraulic retarder and the transmission cooler work together to cool the transmission oil, resulting in good cooling effect for the transmission. When the hydraulic retarder is working, the oil is divided into two paths and enters the corresponding coolers for cooling. The oil drawn into the hydraulic retarder does not return to the oil tank, while the transmission oil returns to the oil tank, so that the working medium of the transmission and the hydraulic retarder are completely separated and there is no thermal interference between them. This design mode of splitting and merging according to operating conditions solves the problems of poor cooling effect of vehicle transmission and interference between transmission cooling and hydraulic retarder cooling.

[0006] Based on the above embodiments, the embodiments of this application can be further improved as follows: In one embodiment of this application: in step S2, the oil in the hydraulic retarder is returned to the oil tank.

[0007] A second aspect of this application provides a transmission cooling system employing the aforementioned transmission cooling method, comprising: an oil tank, an oil pump, a main control valve, a transmission branch, a hydraulic retarder branch, and a cooling branch; the oil pump connects the oil tank to the main control valve, and the main control valve is connected to both the transmission branch and the hydraulic retarder branch; the transmission branch includes: the transmission, a first reversing valve, and the transmission cooler; the transmission is connected to the main control valve, and the first reversing valve connects the transmission to the transmission cooler, and is also connected to the hydraulic retarder branch; the hydraulic retarder branch includes: a hydraulic retarder and a second reversing valve; the second reversing valve is connected to the main control valve, and connects the hydraulic retarder to the hydraulic retarder cooler, and is also connected to the hydraulic retarder cooler and the first reversing valve, and the hydraulic retarder cooler is also connected to the first reversing valve; the cooling branch is connected to both the transmission cooler and the hydraulic retarder cooler.

[0008] The beneficial effect of the above embodiments is that the system ensures the reliable implementation of the gearbox cooling method through the coordinated operation of the main control valve, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve, and the hydraulic circuit structure.

[0009] Based on the above embodiments, the embodiments of this application can be further improved as follows: In one embodiment of this application, the hydraulic retarder branch further includes a drain valve, which is connected to the second directional valve and is used to drain the oil in the hydraulic retarder.

[0010] In one embodiment of this application, the cooling branch connects the liquid slow cooler and the gearbox cooler in series or in parallel.

[0011] A third aspect of this application provides a vehicle including the aforementioned transmission cooling system. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. The elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0013] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a gearbox cooling system with parallel cooling branches; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a gearbox cooling system with a series cooling branch structure.

[0014] The components include: 1. Oil tank; 2. Oil pump; 3. Main control valve; 4. Transmission branch; 401. Transmission; 402. First directional valve; 403. Transmission cooler; 5. Hydraulic retarder branch; 501. Second directional valve; 502. Hydraulic retarder; 503. Hydraulic retarder cooler; 504. Drain valve; 6. Cooling branch; 7. Filter. Detailed Implementation

[0015] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terminology used should be interpreted broadly. For example, a connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of different terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances, and the scope of the specific meaning should be limited to achieving the functions of this application.

[0016] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the directional terms or positional relationships described are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or based on the orientation or positional relationships in actual use, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the contents of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1 A method for cooling a transmission includes the following steps: S1. When the hydraulic retarder 502 is working, the oil is divided into two paths. One path of oil passes through the gearbox 401 and the gearbox cooler 403 and returns to the oil tank 1. The other path of oil passes through the hydraulic retarder 502 and the hydraulic retarder cooler 503. The oil circulates between the hydraulic retarder 502 and the hydraulic retarder cooler 503. S2. When the hydraulic retarder 502 is not working, the oil flows through the gearbox 401, the hydraulic retarder cooler 503, and the gearbox cooler 403.

[0018] Specifically, in step S2, the oil in the hydraulic retarder 502 is returned to the oil tank 1.

[0019] By controlling the hydraulic retarder and the transmission 401 oil circuit, two cooling control modes are achieved. When the transmission 401 works independently, the hydraulic retarder 503 and the transmission cooler 403 jointly cool the transmission 401 oil, giving the transmission 401 a good cooling effect. When the hydraulic retarder is working, the oil is divided into two paths and enters the corresponding coolers for cooling. The oil drawn into the hydraulic retarder does not return to the oil tank 1, while the transmission 401 oil returns to the oil tank 1, so that the working medium of the transmission 401 and the hydraulic retarder are completely separated and there is no thermal interference between them. This design mode of separation and merging according to the working conditions solves the problems of poor cooling effect of the vehicle transmission 401 and interference between the cooling of the transmission 401 and the cooling of the hydraulic retarder.

[0020] Example 2 like Figure 1 As shown, a transmission cooling system employs the transmission cooling method of Embodiment 1, comprising: an oil tank 1, an oil pump 2, a main control valve 3, a transmission branch 4, a hydraulic slack branch 5, and a cooling branch 6. The oil pump 2 connects the oil tank 1 to the main control valve 3, and the main control valve 3 is connected to both the transmission branch 4 and the hydraulic slack branch 5. The transmission branch 4 includes: a transmission 401, a first reversing valve 402, and a transmission cooler 403. The transmission 401 is connected to the main control valve 3, and the first reversing valve 402 connects the transmission 401 to the transmission cooler 403. The first reversing valve 402 is also connected to the hydraulic retarder branch 5; the hydraulic retarder branch 5 includes: a second reversing valve 501, a hydraulic retarder 502, and a hydraulic retarder cooler 503. The second reversing valve 501 is connected to the main control valve 3. The second reversing valve 501 connects the hydraulic retarder 502 to the hydraulic retarder cooler 503. The second reversing valve 501 is also connected to the hydraulic retarder cooler 503 and the first reversing valve 402. The hydraulic retarder cooler 503 is also connected to the first reversing valve 402. The cooling branch 6 is connected to the gearbox cooler 403 and the hydraulic retarder cooler 503.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the transmission cooling system also includes a filter 7. The oil pump 2 is installed in the pipeline with a filter 7. The filter 7 filters impurities in the oil to ensure the stability of the oil quality entering the valves, transmission, hydraulic retarder 502 and corresponding cooler.

[0022] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the transmission cooling system also includes a safety valve, which is connected in parallel with the oil pump 2. The safety valve is connected to the oil tank 1 through the pipeline after the oil outlet of the oil pump 2, forming a parallel relationship with the oil pump 2. The safety valve can release pressure in time when the pressure in the pipeline is too high.

[0023] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the main control valve 3 is a two-position four-way valve, and its normally closed circuit is connected to the gearbox 401. Specifically, the P and T ports of the main control valve 3 are connected to the oil pump 2, the A port is connected to the hydraulic retarder branch 5, and the B port is connected to the gearbox branch 4. In the first position, the A and P ports are disconnected, and the B and T ports are connected. In the second position, the A and P ports are connected, and the B and T ports are connected. When the hydraulic retarder 502 is not working, the main control valve 3 is in the first position; when the hydraulic retarder 502 is working, the main control valve 3 is in the second position.

[0024] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the first directional valve 402 is a two-position four-way valve. The P port of the first directional valve 402 is connected to the transmission 401, the T port is connected to the transmission oil cooler 403 (TOC), and the A and B ports are connected to the retarder oil cooler 503 (ROC) and the second directional valve 501, respectively. In the first position, ports A and P are connected, and ports B and T are connected. In the second position, ports P and T are connected, and ports A and B are disconnected. When the retarder is not working, the first directional valve 402 is in the first position, and the second directional valve 501 disconnects the hydraulic retarder 502 from the retarder oil cooler 503. When the hydraulic retarder 502 is working, the first directional valve 402 is in the second position, and the second directional valve 501 connects the hydraulic retarder 502 to the retarder oil cooler 503.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the gearbox cooler 403 is connected to the oil tank 1.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the liquid buffer branch 5 also includes: a proportional valve and a pressure regulating valve. The proportional valve is connected to the main control valve 3, and the pressure regulating valve is connected between the second directional valve 501 and the proportional valve.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic retarder branch 5 also includes a drain valve 504, which is connected to the second directional valve 501 and used to drain the oil from the hydraulic retarder 502. The drain valve 504 is a two-position, two-way valve; one port of the drain valve 504 is connected to the second directional valve 501, and the other port is connected to the oil tank 1. The first position of the drain valve 504 is the disconnect position, and the second position is the open position.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second directional valve 501 is a two-position five-way valve. The P port of the second directional valve 501 is connected to the pipeline containing the A port of the main control valve 3, the liquid retarder 503, and the B port of the first directional valve 402. The B and C ports of the second directional valve 501 are connected to the hydraulic retarder 502. The D port of the second directional valve 501 is connected to the liquid retarder 503 and the A port of the first directional valve 402. The T port is connected to the vent valve 504. In the first position of the second directional valve 501, ports B and P are connected, ports C and D are connected, and port T is closed. In the second position, port P is closed, and ports B, C, D, and T are connected. When the hydraulic buffer is working, the second directional valve 501 is in the first position, the vent valve 504 is in the first position, and the first directional valve 402 is in the second position. When the hydraulic buffer is not working, the second directional valve 501 is in the second position, the vent valve 504 is in the second position, and the first directional valve 402 is in the first position.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in 2 , the cooling branch 6 connects the hydraulic retarder cooler 503 and the transmission cooler 403 in series or in parallel. In the design of the water circuit, it can be divided into a parallel water circuit and a series water circuit. The series pipeline system is simple and has a low cost, but its temperature control effect is poor. The parallel pipeline is just the opposite. In the cooling system design of the automatic transmission 401, the coolant is directly taken from the water tank and circulated by means of a water pump; in the cooling system design of the manual transmission 401, the coolant can borrow the water source from the engine. At this time, the external water pump can be cancelled and the built-in water pump of the engine can be directly borrowed for circulation work.

[0030] The working mode of the transmission cooling system is as follows: When only the transmission 401 is working, the main control valve 3 controls the hydraulic retarder branch 5 to be open, the second reversing valve 501 controls the hydraulic retarder 502 to be disconnected from the hydraulic retarder cooler 503, and the first reversing valve 402 connects the hydraulic retarder cooler 503 into the transmission branch 4. The oil fluid flows through the transmission 401, the first reversing valve 402, the hydraulic retarder cooler 503, the first reversing valve 402, and the transmission cooler 403 through the main control valve 3 and then returns to the fuel tank 1; When the hydraulic retarder 502 is working simultaneously, the main control valve 3 conducts the hydraulic retarder branch 5 and the transmission branch 4 to the fuel tank 1 at the same time. The second reversing valve 501 controls the hydraulic retarder 502 to be connected to the hydraulic retarder cooler 503, and the first reversing valve 402 disconnects the hydraulic retarder cooler 503. The oil fluid in the transmission branch 4 returns to the fuel tank 1 after passing through the transmission, the first reversing valve 402, and the transmission cooler 403. In the hydraulic retarder branch 5, the oil pump 2 supporting the hydraulic retarder 502 works (if the hydraulic retarder 502 is not equipped with the oil pump 2, an oil pump connected in series with the hydraulic retarder 502 needs to be configured), pumps the oil fluid into the hydraulic retarder 502, and the oil fluid passes through the second reversing valve 501, the hydraulic retarder 502, the second reversing valve 501, and the hydraulic retarder cooler 503 in sequence and then returns to the second reversing valve 501.

[0031] Embodiment III A vehicle includes the transmission cooling system disclosed in Embodiment II.

[0032] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known structures and characteristics of the solutions are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A method for cooling a gearbox, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. When the hydraulic retarder is working, the oil is divided into two paths. One path of oil passes through the gearbox and gearbox cooler and returns to the oil tank. The other path of oil passes through the hydraulic retarder and hydraulic retarder cooler. The oil circulates between the hydraulic retarder and the hydraulic retarder cooler. S2. When the hydraulic retarder is not working, the oil flows through the gearbox and the hydraulic retarder cooler and gearbox cooler.

2. The gearbox cooling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the oil in the hydraulic retarder is returned to the oil tank.

3. A gearbox cooling system, characterized in that, The gearbox cooling method according to any one of claims 1 or 2 includes: the oil tank, the oil pump, the main control valve, the gearbox branch, the hydraulic retarder branch, and the cooling branch, wherein the oil pump connects the oil tank to the main control valve, and the main control valve is connected to the gearbox branch and the hydraulic retarder branch respectively. The transmission branch includes: the transmission, the first reversing valve, and the transmission cooler. The transmission is connected to the main control valve. The first reversing valve connects the transmission to the transmission cooler. The first reversing valve is also connected to the hydraulic buffer branch. The liquid retarder branch includes: the hydraulic retarder and a second reversing valve. The second reversing valve is connected to the main control valve. The second reversing valve connects the hydraulic retarder to the liquid retarder cooler. The second reversing valve is also connected to the liquid retarder cooler and the first reversing valve. The liquid retarder cooler is also connected to the first reversing valve. The cooling branch is connected to the gearbox cooler and the liquid slack cooler.

4. The gearbox cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydraulic retarder branch also includes a drain valve, which is connected to the second directional valve and is used to drain the oil in the hydraulic retarder.

5. The gearbox cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cooling branch connects the liquid slow cooler and the gearbox cooler in series or in parallel.

6. A vehicle, characterized in that, The transmission cooling system includes any one of claims 3-5.

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