Intelligent Circuit Breaker Condition Monitoring System and Method Based on Multidimensional Data Fusion

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent circuit breaker condition monitoring system and method based on multi-dimensional data fusion, specifically relating to the field of circuit breaker condition monitoring technology. By introducing an electrothermal multi-scale time-series alignment and reconstruction mechanism, millisecond-level transient current impacts and second-level thermal response lags are incorporated into a unified physical analysis framework. An electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response is constructed, and an electrothermal consistency coefficient is introduced to quantify the physical interpretability of transient current impacts. Simultaneously, an impact state description vector is constructed by combining the opening and closing action sequence with the operating mechanism response delay, and impact degradation evolution indicators are extracted based on its time-series evolution characteristics. By comparing these indicators with the inherent physical response constraints of the circuit breaker, a graded and reliable monitoring of the circuit breaker's operating state under complex impact conditions is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit breaker condition monitoring technology, and more specifically, to an intelligent circuit breaker condition monitoring system and method based on multi-dimensional data fusion. Background Technology

[0002] In typical industrial power consumption scenarios such as lifting equipment, welding machines, rolling mills, and motors with frequent start-stop cycles, circuit breakers operate under high-impact loads and strong unsteady-state conditions for extended periods. The current flowing through them often exhibits significant characteristics of frequent amplitude fluctuations, short durations, and poor repeatability. Under these conditions, current surges typically occur instantaneously on the order of milliseconds, while temperature rises caused by contact and arc energy deposition are limited by material heat capacity and heat transfer paths, resulting in lag responses on the order of seconds or even longer. This leads to a natural mismatch between electrical and thermal characteristics over time. This timescale inconsistency makes it difficult to establish directly comparable physical meanings from multidimensional state data collected at the same moment, thus weakening the ability of multidimensional data fusion to represent the true operating state. Meanwhile, high-amplitude transient current spikes often exhibit similar statistical characteristics in the characteristic space to early failure symptoms such as contact degradation and abnormal arcing. Without a characterization of the evolution mechanism of non-steady-state operating conditions, they are easily misjudged as equipment degradation or a precursor to failure, thus triggering unnecessary alarms or false protection actions. Furthermore, due to the inherent volatility and randomness of the aforementioned industrial loads, there is no clear boundary between drastic changes in electrical parameters during normal operation and abnormal states. This makes it difficult for state determination methods based on static thresholds or fixed weights to adapt to the changing characteristics of different impact conditions. In the process of multi-dimensional fusion, the impact of transient disturbances on the state assessment results is easily amplified, ultimately limiting the accuracy and reliability of state monitoring of smart circuit breakers in complex real-world power environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an intelligent circuit breaker condition monitoring system and method based on multi-dimensional data fusion to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The intelligent circuit breaker condition monitoring method based on multi-dimensional data fusion includes the following steps: Acquire transient load current, local contact temperature, shell temperature gradient, and opening and closing timing data during circuit breaker operation to obtain an electrothermal multi-scale timing dataset; Based on the electrothermal multi-scale time-series dataset, the transient impact conditions and steady-state conditions during operation are segmented in the time domain. The current energy density characteristics under the impact conditions and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics of the corresponding time periods are extracted, and an electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response is constructed. Based on the electrothermal response mapping function, the degree of response matching between contact temperature rise and current impact intensity is judged, and the electrothermal consistency coefficient characterizing the interpretability of transient impact is calculated. Combining the electrothermal consistency coefficient, the timing of opening and closing actions, and the response delay of the operating mechanism, a multidimensional impact state description vector is constructed. Based on the temporal evolution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, the repeatability, persistence and cumulative trend of the impact state are extracted to construct an impact degradation evolution index. The impact degradation evolution index is compared with the preset physical response constraints to output the monitoring results of the current operating status of the circuit breaker.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, the process of segmenting the transient impact condition and steady-state condition during operation into time domains based on the electrothermal multi-scale time-series dataset, extracting the current energy density characteristics under the impact condition and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics of the corresponding time period, and constructing the electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response is as follows: Based on the load current time sequence in the electrothermal multi-scale time sequence dataset, the time interval during circuit breaker operation where the current change rate is greater than the preset current change rate threshold is identified, and this time interval is determined as the transient impact condition segment; the time interval where the current change rate is less than or equal to the preset current change rate threshold and the duration is greater than the preset duration is determined as the steady-state operation condition segment. For each transient impact condition segment, the load current signal is processed by energy integration within the corresponding time window to calculate the current energy density characteristics under the transient impact condition. While calculating the current energy density characteristics, the contact temperature and shell temperature change sequences corresponding to the transient impact condition are extracted, the temperature response delay characteristics relative to the current impact time are analyzed, and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics are calculated. Based on the current energy density characteristics and thermal response hysteresis characteristics of the transient impact condition, an electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response is constructed.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the process of determining the degree of response matching between contact temperature rise and current surge intensity based on the electrothermal response mapping function, and calculating the electrothermal consistency coefficient characterizing the interpretability of transient surges, is as follows: For the first For each transient impact condition, the corresponding current energy density characteristics are obtained, and the current energy density characteristics are substituted into the electrothermal response mapping function to calculate the theoretical thermal response parameters corresponding to the impact intensity under normal physical response conditions. The theoretical thermal response parameters include the theoretical thermal response hysteresis time and the theoretical contact temperature rise response curve. Within a preset observation window following the end of the corresponding transient impact, the contact temperature rise curve and actual thermal response hysteresis characteristics are extracted. Align the actual contact temperature rise curve with the theoretical contact temperature rise response curve generated by the electrothermal response mapping function on the time axis, and calculate the curve deviation metric between the two. Simultaneously, the relative deviation between the actual thermal response hysteresis characteristics and the theoretical thermal response hysteresis time is calculated to obtain the response hysteresis deviation. An electrothermal consistency coefficient is constructed based on the curve deviation metric and the response hysteresis deviation.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the process of constructing a multidimensional impact state description vector by combining the electrothermal consistency coefficient, the opening and closing action sequence, and the operating mechanism response delay is as follows: For the identified first For each transient impact condition, obtain the electrothermal consistency coefficient corresponding to the impact event, and simultaneously extract the trigger time of the opening and closing action, the duration of the action, and the time node when the operating mechanism completes the action within the time period. Calculate the response delay parameter of the operating mechanism based on the time difference between the triggering time of the opening and closing action and the completion time of the operating mechanism. Statistical analysis is performed on the response delay parameters of the operating mechanism over multiple operating cycles to extract its delay offset relative to the historical baseline delay; The electrothermal consistency coefficient and delay offset are normalized and combined in a preset order to construct a multidimensional impact state description vector for characterizing the comprehensive features of transient impact. Based on the distribution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, different transient impact events are distinguished: when the electrothermal consistency coefficient is greater than a preset electrothermal consistency coefficient threshold and the delay offset is less than or equal to a preset delay offset threshold, the corresponding transient impact is determined to be an interpretable impact; when the electrothermal consistency coefficient is less than or equal to a preset electrothermal consistency coefficient threshold and the delay offset is greater than a preset delay offset threshold, the corresponding transient impact is determined to be an abnormal impact.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the process of extracting the repeatability, persistence, and cumulative trend of the impact state based on the temporal evolution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, and constructing an impact degradation evolution index, is as follows: Within the continuous operating cycle in which the transient impact is determined to be an abnormal impact, the multidimensional impact state description vector is sampled in a time sequence using a preset time window; A similarity analysis is performed on the multidimensional impact state description vectors within adjacent time windows. By calculating the consistency of the vector change amplitude within adjacent time windows, an impact repeatability evaluation metric is constructed. An impact persistence index is constructed based on the ratio of the abnormal duration of the electrothermal consistency coefficient to the abnormal duration of the operating mechanism response delay offset. The long-term evolution trend of the multidimensional impact state description vector is cumulatively modeled to construct the impact cumulative trend quantity; By combining the impact repeatability evaluation quantity, impact persistence index and impact cumulative trend quantity, an impact degradation evolution index is constructed.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the process of comparing the impact degradation evolution index with preset physical response constraints and outputting the monitoring result of the current operating status of the circuit breaker is as follows: The set of physical response constraints includes: electrothermal response constraints, mechanism action timing constraints, and impact degradation evolution constraints. The impact degradation evolution index calculated within the current time window is compared and analyzed with the set of physical response constraints to construct a physical consistency judgment function; Based on the physical consistency judgment function and the numerical range distribution of the impact degradation evolution index, the current operating status of the circuit breaker is classified and judged: when the physical consistency judgment function is 1 and the impact degradation evolution index is less than or equal to the low-risk threshold of the impact degradation evolution index, the circuit breaker is judged to be in normal operating status. When the physical consistency judgment function is 1, and the impact degradation evolution index is greater than the low risk threshold and less than or equal to the impact degradation safety threshold, the circuit breaker is judged to be in a mild degradation warning state. When the physical consistency determination function is 0 or the impact degradation evolution index is greater than the impact degradation safety threshold, the circuit breaker is determined to be in a high-risk degradation state. Based on the operational status classification results, corresponding operational status monitoring outputs are generated.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the intelligent circuit breaker condition monitoring system based on multi-dimensional data fusion includes an electrothermal data alignment module, an impact feature modeling module, an electrothermal consistency calculation module, an impact state construction module, a degradation evolution evaluation module, and a state determination output module. The electrothermal data alignment module is used to acquire transient load current, local contact temperature, shell temperature gradient and opening and closing action timing data during the operation of the circuit breaker, and obtain electrothermal multi-scale timing dataset. The impact feature modeling module is used to segment the transient impact conditions and steady-state conditions during operation based on the electrothermal multi-scale time series dataset, extract the current energy density characteristics under the impact conditions and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics of the corresponding time period, and construct the electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response. The electrothermal consistency calculation module is used to determine the degree of response matching between the contact temperature rise and the current impact intensity based on the electrothermal response mapping function, and to calculate the electrothermal consistency coefficient characterizing the interpretability of transient impact. The impact state construction module is used to construct a multi-dimensional impact state description vector by combining the electrothermal consistency coefficient, the opening and closing action sequence and the response delay of the operating mechanism. The degradation and evolution assessment module is used to extract the repeatability, persistence and cumulative trend of the impact state based on the temporal evolution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, and to construct an impact degradation and evolution index. The status determination output module is used to compare the impact degradation evolution index with the preset physical response constraints and output the monitoring results of the current operating status of the circuit breaker.

[0011] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention introduces an electrothermal multi-scale timing alignment and reconstruction mechanism, incorporating millisecond-level transient current impacts and second-level thermal response lags into a unified physical analysis framework. This effectively solves the problem of multidimensional data incomparability caused by the time-scale mismatch between electrical and thermal characteristics in strongly unsteady industrial power consumption scenarios. By constructing an electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response, and further introducing an electrothermal consistency coefficient, the physical interpretability of transient current impacts is quantitatively determined, thereby avoiding misidentification of normal load fluctuations as contact degradation or arcing abnormalities. Simultaneously, it combines the opening and closing action timing with the operating mechanism... The system constructs an impact state description vector based on the response delay and extracts impact degradation evolution indicators based on its temporal evolution characteristics. This transforms the state assessment from a single impact judgment to a continuous characterization of degradation trends and cumulative effects, effectively suppressing the amplified impact of random spikes and occasional disturbances on monitoring results. Finally, by comparing and judging with the inherent physical response constraints of the circuit breaker, the system achieves graded and reliable monitoring of the circuit breaker's operating state under complex impact conditions. This significantly improves the accuracy of state identification, the ability to resist false alarms, and the level of operational safety assurance in real industrial scenarios such as lifting equipment, welding machines, rolling mills, and motors with frequent start-stop. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] Example 1: Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for monitoring the condition of intelligent circuit breakers based on multi-dimensional data fusion, comprising the following steps: The transient load current, local contact temperature, shell temperature gradient and opening and closing action timing data of the circuit breaker during operation are acquired. The millisecond-level electrical data and second-level thermal response data are time-aligned and reconstructed according to a unified time base to obtain an electrothermal multi-scale time series dataset. Based on the electrothermal multi-scale time-series dataset, the transient impact conditions and steady-state conditions during operation are segmented in the time domain. The current energy density characteristics under the impact conditions and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics of the corresponding time periods are extracted, and an electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response is constructed. Based on the electrothermal response mapping function, the degree of response matching between contact temperature rise and current impact intensity is judged, and the electrothermal consistency coefficient characterizing the interpretability of transient impact is calculated. Combining the electrothermal consistency coefficient, the timing of opening and closing actions, and the response delay of the operating mechanism, a multi-dimensional impact state description vector is constructed to distinguish between transient impacts caused by normal load fluctuations and abnormal impacts caused by contact deterioration or arc abnormalities. Based on the temporal evolution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, the repeatability, persistence and cumulative trend of the impact state are extracted to construct an impact degradation evolution index. The impact degradation evolution index is compared with the preset physical response constraints to output the monitoring results of the current operating status of the circuit breaker.

[0015] In this embodiment of the invention, the process of acquiring transient load current, local contact temperature, shell temperature gradient, and opening / closing action timing data during circuit breaker operation, and then aligning and reconstructing the millisecond-level electrical data and second-level thermal response data according to a unified time reference to obtain an electrothermal multi-scale time-series dataset is as follows: A current sampling unit is installed at the main circuit conductive path of the circuit breaker to collect transient load current signals flowing through the contact circuit during circuit breaker switching and operation; at the same time, a temperature sensing unit is installed at the circuit breaker contact position to collect local temperature changes of the contacts, and at least two temperature sampling points are installed at different positions on the circuit breaker housing to obtain temperature gradient information of the housing along a preset direction; an action detection unit is installed in the circuit breaker opening and closing operation mechanism to record the opening and closing trigger time, action duration, and action completion sequence information. Timestamp information is added to the above electrical sampling data, temperature sampling data and opening and closing action timing data, and the internal clock of the circuit breaker control system is selected as a unified time reference to ensure the traceability of different physical quantities in the time dimension. Preferably, the time reference covers at least one complete opening and closing cycle and the subsequent stable operation phase; The local temperature of the contacts and the temperature gradient of the casing are time-aligned to form a set of original electrothermal correlation data containing time series, current characteristics, temperature characteristics and action sequence identifiers; among them, the opening and closing action sequence is used to mark the operating stage to which each data segment belongs, so as to distinguish the opening, closing and steady-state conduction states. The original electrothermal correlation data set is grouped according to the operating cycle or load change process to construct an electrothermal multi-scale time series dataset, which is used to fully characterize the time series correlation between the electrical impulse and thermal response of the circuit breaker under strong non-steady-state operating conditions. It should be noted that the physical significance of the above-mentioned electrothermal multi-scale time series dataset lies in the fact that it not only reflects the rapid change characteristics of transient load current, but also retains the response process of contacts and shell under thermal inertia. This avoids making a one-sided judgment on the circuit breaker's operating status based solely on instantaneous electrical parameters or a single temperature threshold, thus laying a reliable data foundation for subsequent multi-dimensional data fusion and status assessment.

[0016] In this embodiment of the invention, based on the electrothermal multi-scale time-series dataset, the transient impact condition and steady-state condition during operation are segmented in the time domain, the current energy density characteristics under the impact condition and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics of the corresponding time period are extracted, and the electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response is constructed as follows: Based on the load current time sequence in the electrothermal multi-scale time sequence dataset, the time interval during circuit breaker operation in which the current change rate is greater than a preset current change rate threshold is identified, and this time interval is determined as the transient impact condition segment; the time interval in which the current change rate is less than or equal to the preset current change rate threshold and the duration is greater than a preset duration is determined as the steady-state operation condition segment; wherein, the threshold can be adaptively set according to the rated parameters of the circuit breaker or historical statistical characteristics. For each transient impact condition segment, the load current signal is processed by energy integration within the corresponding time window to calculate the current energy density characteristics under the transient impact condition, which is used to characterize the equivalent thermal excitation intensity generated by the impact event on the contact. For example, the current energy density characteristic It can be represented as: ,in, and The first The start and end times of each transient impact condition segment. The duration of the transient impact condition; While calculating the current energy density characteristics, the contact temperature and shell temperature change sequences corresponding to the transient impact condition are extracted, the temperature response delay characteristics relative to the current impact time are analyzed, and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics are calculated to characterize the thermal inertia effect of the circuit breaker under the impact condition. For example, the thermal response hysteresis feature This can be expressed as the time difference between the moment the impact occurs and the moment when the temperature response changes significantly: ,in, For the first Thermal response hysteresis characteristics under transient impact conditions. The moment of impact, For the first The moment when the temperature response reaches its peak during a transient impact condition; Based on the current energy density characteristics of the transient impact condition segment With thermal response hysteresis characteristics An electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response is constructed to describe the thermal response characteristics of circuit breaker contacts and casing under different impact intensities. For example, the electrothermal response mapping function includes a first mapping stage and a second mapping stage, and the first mapping stage function can be expressed as: ,in The theoretical contact temperature rise response curve is generated by the electrothermal response mapping function. The initial temperature of the contact before the impact occurs. For time indexing, for Current energy density characteristics at time t, For the heat capacity of the contact, The thermal time constant of the contact housing system; It should be noted that the thermal time constant This is used to characterize the hysteresis of the temperature rise response of a circuit breaker contact after being subjected to current excitation, relative to changes in electrical excitation. Essentially, it reflects the combined characteristics of the contact housing system's thermal inertia and heat dissipation capacity. In the embodiments, Instead of being preset as fixed structural parameters, it is obtained through inversion of operational data: under transient impact conditions, the temperature rise curve is obtained by exponential fitting. ,in For temperature rise response, This represents the maximum temperature rise response. The maximum temperature rise value is obtained from the theoretical contact temperature rise response curve generated by the first mapping stage function prediction, and the second mapping stage function is obtained by explicitly mapping the theoretical thermal response hysteresis time: ,in This is the theoretical thermal response hysteresis time. The threshold for determining significant temperature rise; It should also be noted that, through the above-mentioned time-domain segmentation and feature extraction process, transient impact conditions and steady-state operating conditions are distinguished in the time dimension, so that the current energy density characteristics and thermal response hysteresis characteristics can establish a correspondence under a unified physical semantics, thereby avoiding feature aliasing caused by differences in electrothermal time scales, and providing a basic mapping basis for subsequent judgment on whether electrical excitation and thermal response match.

[0017] In this embodiment of the invention, the process of determining the degree of response matching between the contact temperature rise and the current surge intensity based on the electrothermal response mapping function, and calculating the electrothermal consistency coefficient characterizing the interpretability of the transient surge, is as follows: For the first For each transient impact condition, obtain its corresponding current energy density characteristics. The current energy density characteristics are then substituted into the electrothermal response mapping function to calculate the theoretical thermal response parameters corresponding to the impact intensity under normal physical response conditions. The theoretical thermal response parameters include the theoretical thermal response hysteresis time. and theoretical contact temperature rise response curve ; Within a preset observation window following the completion of the transient impact, the contact temperature rise curve is extracted. and actual thermal response hysteresis characteristics ; The actual contact temperature rise curve The theoretical contact temperature rise response curve generated by the electrothermal response mapping function Alignment is performed on the time axis, and a curve deviation metric between the two is calculated to characterize the degree to which the actual thermal response follows the theoretical thermal response. For example, the curve deviation measurement It can be represented as: ,in, The moment when the transient current surge occurs. The moment when the contact temperature reaches its peak. To normalize the time window length, ; Simultaneously, calculate the actual thermal response hysteresis characteristics. Compared with theoretical thermal response hysteresis time The relative deviation between them yields the response hysteresis deviation; For example, the response hysteresis deviation It can be represented as: ; According to the curve deviation metric With response hysteresis deviation An electrothermal consistency coefficient is constructed to quantify the physical interpretability of the current transient shock at the thermal response level. For example, the electrothermal consistency coefficient It can be represented as: ,in, , These are the preset proportional coefficients for curve deviation measurement and response hysteresis deviation, respectively. , All are greater than 0, and satisfy ; It should be noted that, , The settings should be tailored to the specific circumstances. For example, an expert-empowered approach could be adopted, where experts in relevant fields are invited to determine the pre-defined proportions for each indicator through professional opinion surveys and comprehensive evaluations. , The initial value can be 0.5, 0.5; In this embodiment of the invention, a multi-dimensional impact state description vector is constructed by combining the electrothermal consistency coefficient, the opening and closing action sequence, and the operating mechanism response delay. This vector is used to distinguish between transient impacts caused by normal load fluctuations and abnormal impacts caused by contact deterioration or arc abnormalities. For the identified first For each transient impact condition, obtain the electrothermal consistency coefficient corresponding to the impact event. Simultaneously extract the trigger time, duration of action, and time node of operation mechanism completion within the time period to characterize the operating behavior of the circuit breaker under the impact condition. Based on the time difference between the triggering time of the opening and closing action and the completion time of the action of the operating mechanism, the response delay parameter of the operating mechanism is calculated to reflect the dynamic performance of the mechanical transmission and execution process. For example, the operating mechanism has a response delay. It can be represented as: ,in, Let i be the time when the i-th opening / closing command is issued. The moment when the operating mechanism completes the corresponding action.

[0018] The response delay parameter of the operating mechanism is statistically analyzed over multiple operating cycles, and its delay offset relative to the historical baseline delay is extracted to characterize whether the operating mechanism has action lag or execution abnormality under the current impact condition. For example, the delay offset It can be represented as: ,in, This is the reference response delay of the operating mechanism under normal operating conditions. The electrothermal consistency coefficient and delay offset Normalization is performed, and the vectors are combined in a preset order to construct a multidimensional impact state description vector to characterize the comprehensive features of transient impacts: ; Based on the distribution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, different transient impact events are distinguished: when the electrothermal consistency coefficient is greater than a preset electrothermal consistency coefficient threshold and the delay offset is less than or equal to a preset delay offset threshold, the corresponding transient impact is determined to be an interpretable impact caused by normal load fluctuations; when the electrothermal consistency coefficient is less than or equal to a preset electrothermal consistency coefficient threshold and the delay offset is greater than a preset delay offset threshold, the corresponding transient impact is determined to be an abnormal impact caused by contact deterioration, arcing abnormality, or mechanical execution abnormality. It should be noted that by introducing the electrothermal consistency coefficient and the opening and closing action behavior characteristics into the same state description space, it is possible to simultaneously characterize the electrical response, thermal response and mechanical execution state under strong non-steady-state operating conditions. This avoids relying solely on a single electrical parameter or a single temperature index to make a one-sided judgment on the nature of transient impacts, and provides a multi-dimensional physical basis for the reliable differentiation of abnormal impacts of circuit breakers.

[0019] In this embodiment of the invention, the process of extracting the repeatability, persistence, and cumulative trend of the impact state based on the temporal evolution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, and constructing an impact degradation evolution index, is as follows: Within the continuous operating cycle where a transient impact is determined to be an abnormal impact, a preset time window is used. The multidimensional impact state description vector is time-series sampled and defined as follows: ,in Let be the electrothermal consistency coefficient at time t. Let be the delay offset at time t; A similarity analysis is performed on the multidimensional impact state description vectors within adjacent time windows. By calculating the consistency of vector change amplitudes within adjacent time windows, an impact repeatability evaluation metric is constructed. ; For example, the impact repeatability evaluation quantity It can be represented as: ,in, Here, j represents the number of sampling points within the time window, and j is the index of the sampling point. Sampling time The multidimensional shock state description vector. Sampling time A multidimensional shock state description vector; An impact persistence index is constructed based on the ratio of the abnormal duration of the electrothermal consistency coefficient to the abnormal duration of the operating mechanism response delay offset. The impact persistence index is used to characterize the degree of continuous existence of abnormal impacts over time. For example, the impact persistence index It can be represented as: ,in, and These are the threshold for electrothermal consistency coefficient and the threshold for delay offset, respectively. For indicator functions, when the condition is met The value is 1 when it is active and 0 otherwise. The long-term evolution trend of the multidimensional impact state description vector is cumulatively modeled to construct the impact cumulative trend quantity. The impact accumulation trend is used to characterize the energy superposition and structural amplification features of the impact effect during long-term operation; For example, the cumulative trend of the impact It can be represented as: ,in, The number of effective shocks within the historical statistical period. For the index of the number of effective impacts, , These are the preset proportional coefficients for the electrothermal consistency coefficient and the delay offset, respectively, used to balance the contributions of electrothermal consistency degradation and mechanical response hysteresis to the degradation evolution. , All are greater than 0, and ; It should be noted that, , The settings should be tailored to the specific circumstances. For example, an expert-empowered approach could be adopted, where experts in relevant fields are invited to determine the pre-defined proportions for each indicator through professional opinion surveys and comprehensive evaluations. , The initial value can be 0.5, 0.5; In summary, the impact repeatability evaluation metrics are as follows Impact persistence indicators and the cumulative trend of impact Constructing an impact degradation evolution index The impact degradation evolution index is used to characterize the risk level of the impact state evolving from transient disturbance to structural degradation, and to provide a quantitative basis for subsequent contact deterioration judgment and life prediction. For example, the shock degradation evolution index It can be represented as: ,in, , , These are the impact repeatability evaluation metrics. Impact persistence indicators and the cumulative trend of impact The preset ratio coefficient.

[0020] In this embodiment of the invention, the process of comparing the impact degradation evolution index with preset physical response constraints and outputting the monitoring result of the current operating state of the circuit breaker is as follows: During the continuous operation of the circuit breaker, according to the aforementioned impact degradation evolution index The real-time update results introduce a set of physical response constraints corresponding to the electrical, thermal, and mechanical response characteristics of the circuit breaker. It is used to verify the physical consistency of the impact degradation state and to determine the operational status classification. Based on the circuit breaker's structural parameters, rated current, and operating mechanism characteristics, a set of pre-defined physical response constraints is established. The set of physical response constraints includes: Electrothermal response constraints: This is used to define the minimum consistency requirements between electrical load changes and temperature rise response under normal operating conditions; Mechanism action timing constraints: This is used to constrain the maximum permissible response delay of the operating mechanism during the opening and closing process; Impact degradation evolution constraints: ,in, The impact degradation safety threshold is determined based on experimental and historical operating data; The shock degradation evolution index calculated within the current time window With the set of physical response constraints Comparative analysis was conducted to construct a physical consistency determination function. ; For example, the physical consistency determination function It can be represented as: ,in, This indicates that the current impact degradation state satisfies the physical response constraints. This indicates that there is at least one physical response constraint mismatch. This is an indicator function that takes the value 1 when the condition is met and 0 otherwise. According to the physical consistency determination function The current operating status of the circuit breaker is classified and determined by the numerical range distribution of the impact degradation evolution index: when the physical consistency judgment function is 1 and the impact degradation evolution index is less than or equal to the low-risk threshold of the impact degradation evolution index, the circuit breaker is determined to be in normal operating condition. It should be noted that the low-risk threshold of the impact degradation evolution index is the upper limit boundary value of the circuit breaker within the physically acceptable range and before it has entered a significant degradation stage; When the physical consistency judgment function is 1, and the impact degradation evolution index is greater than the low risk threshold and less than or equal to the impact degradation safety threshold, the circuit breaker is judged to be in a mild degradation warning state. When the physical consistency determination function is 0 or the impact degradation evolution index is greater than the impact degradation safety threshold, the circuit breaker is determined to be in a high-risk degradation state. Based on the operational status classification results, corresponding operational status monitoring outputs are generated. Its representation is as follows: ; The operational status monitoring results are then output to the circuit breaker status monitoring system to trigger corresponding operational alarm strategies and maintenance decisions.

[0021] This invention introduces an electrothermal multi-scale timing alignment and reconstruction mechanism, incorporating millisecond-level transient current impacts and second-level thermal response lags into a unified physical analysis framework. This effectively solves the problem of multidimensional data incomparability caused by the time-scale mismatch between electrical and thermal characteristics in strongly unsteady industrial power consumption scenarios. By constructing an electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response, and further introducing an electrothermal consistency coefficient, the physical interpretability of transient current impacts is quantitatively determined, thereby avoiding misidentification of normal load fluctuations as contact degradation or arcing abnormalities. Simultaneously, it combines the timing of opening and closing actions with the operating mechanism... The response delay constructs an impact state description vector, and based on its temporal evolution characteristics, it extracts impact degradation evolution indicators, transforming state assessment from a single impact judgment to a continuous characterization of degradation trends and cumulative effects, effectively suppressing the amplified impact of random spikes and occasional disturbances on monitoring results. Finally, by comparing and judging with the inherent physical response constraints of the circuit breaker, it achieves graded and reliable monitoring of the circuit breaker's operating state under complex impact conditions, significantly improving the accuracy of state identification, the ability to resist false alarms, and the level of operational safety assurance in real industrial scenarios such as lifting equipment, welding machines, rolling mills, and motors with frequent start-stop.

[0022] Example 2: This example introduces a smart circuit breaker condition monitoring system based on multi-dimensional data fusion, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes an electrothermal data alignment module, an impact feature modeling module, an electrothermal consistency calculation module, an impact state construction module, a degradation evolution assessment module, and a state determination output module. The electrothermal data alignment module is used to acquire transient load current, local contact temperature, shell temperature gradient and opening and closing action timing data during the operation of the circuit breaker, and obtain electrothermal multi-scale timing dataset. The impact feature modeling module is used to segment the transient impact conditions and steady-state conditions during operation based on the electrothermal multi-scale time series dataset, extract the current energy density characteristics under the impact conditions and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics of the corresponding time period, and construct the electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response. The electrothermal consistency calculation module is used to determine the degree of response matching between the contact temperature rise and the current impact intensity based on the electrothermal response mapping function, and to calculate the electrothermal consistency coefficient characterizing the interpretability of transient impact. The impact state construction module is used to construct a multi-dimensional impact state description vector by combining the electrothermal consistency coefficient, the opening and closing action sequence and the response delay of the operating mechanism. The degradation and evolution assessment module is used to extract the repeatability, persistence and cumulative trend of the impact state based on the temporal evolution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, and to construct an impact degradation and evolution index. The status determination output module is used to compare the impact degradation evolution index with the preset physical response constraints and output the monitoring results of the current operating status of the circuit breaker.

[0023] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0024] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more sets of available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. A semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0025] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the system and method described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0027] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can be implemented in other ways.

[0028] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the condition of intelligent circuit breakers based on multi-dimensional data fusion, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Acquire transient load current, local contact temperature, shell temperature gradient, and opening and closing timing data during circuit breaker operation to obtain an electrothermal multi-scale timing dataset; Based on the electrothermal multi-scale time-series dataset, the transient impact conditions and steady-state conditions during operation are segmented in the time domain. The current energy density characteristics under the impact conditions and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics of the corresponding time periods are extracted, and an electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response is constructed. Based on the electrothermal response mapping function, the degree of response matching between contact temperature rise and current impact intensity is judged, and the electrothermal consistency coefficient characterizing the interpretability of transient impact is calculated. Combining the electrothermal consistency coefficient, the timing of opening and closing actions, and the response delay of the operating mechanism, a multidimensional impact state description vector is constructed. Based on the temporal evolution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, the repeatability, persistence and cumulative trend of the impact state are extracted to construct an impact degradation evolution index. The impact degradation evolution index is compared with the preset physical response constraints to output the monitoring results of the current operating status of the circuit breaker.

2. The intelligent circuit breaker condition monitoring method based on multi-dimensional data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the aforementioned electrothermal multi-scale time-series dataset, the transient impact condition and steady-state condition during operation are segmented in the time domain. The current energy density characteristics under the impact condition and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics of the corresponding time period are extracted, and the electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response is constructed as follows: Based on the load current timing in the electrothermal multi-scale time-series dataset, the time interval during which the current change rate during circuit breaker operation is greater than the preset current change rate threshold is identified, and this time interval is determined to be the transient impact condition segment. The time interval in which the current change rate is less than or equal to the preset current change rate threshold and the duration is greater than the preset duration is determined as the steady-state operating condition segment. For each transient impact condition segment, the load current signal is processed by energy integration within the corresponding time window to calculate the current energy density characteristics under the transient impact condition. While calculating the current energy density characteristics, the contact temperature and shell temperature change sequences corresponding to the transient impact condition are extracted, the temperature response delay characteristics relative to the current impact time are analyzed, and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics are calculated. Based on the current energy density characteristics and thermal response hysteresis characteristics of the transient impact condition, an electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response is constructed.

3. The intelligent circuit breaker condition monitoring method based on multi-dimensional data fusion according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the aforementioned electrothermal response mapping function, the process of determining the degree of response matching between contact temperature rise and current surge intensity, and calculating the electrothermal consistency coefficient characterizing the interpretability of transient surges, is as follows: For the first For each transient impact condition, the corresponding current energy density characteristics are obtained, and the current energy density characteristics are substituted into the electrothermal response mapping function to calculate the theoretical thermal response parameters corresponding to the impact intensity under normal physical response conditions. The theoretical thermal response parameters include the theoretical thermal response hysteresis time and the theoretical contact temperature rise response curve. Within a preset observation window following the end of the corresponding transient impact, the contact temperature rise curve and actual thermal response hysteresis characteristics are extracted. Align the actual contact temperature rise curve with the theoretical contact temperature rise response curve generated by the electrothermal response mapping function on the time axis, and calculate the curve deviation metric between the two. Simultaneously, the relative deviation between the actual thermal response hysteresis characteristics and the theoretical thermal response hysteresis time is calculated to obtain the response hysteresis deviation. An electrothermal consistency coefficient is constructed based on the curve deviation metric and the response hysteresis deviation.

4. The intelligent circuit breaker condition monitoring method based on multi-dimensional data fusion according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of constructing a multidimensional impact state description vector by combining the electrothermal consistency coefficient, the opening and closing action sequence, and the operating mechanism response delay is as follows: For the identified first For each transient impact condition, obtain the electrothermal consistency coefficient corresponding to the impact event, and simultaneously extract the trigger time of the opening and closing action, the duration of the action, and the time node when the operating mechanism completes the action within the time period. Calculate the response delay parameter of the operating mechanism based on the time difference between the triggering time of the opening and closing action and the completion time of the operating mechanism. Statistical analysis is performed on the response delay parameters of the operating mechanism over multiple operating cycles to extract its delay offset relative to the historical baseline delay; The electrothermal consistency coefficient and delay offset are normalized and combined in a preset order to construct a multidimensional impact state description vector for characterizing the comprehensive features of transient impact. Based on the distribution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, different transient impact events are distinguished: when the electrothermal consistency coefficient is greater than a preset electrothermal consistency coefficient threshold and the delay offset is less than or equal to a preset delay offset threshold, the corresponding transient impact is determined to be an interpretable impact; when the electrothermal consistency coefficient is less than or equal to a preset electrothermal consistency coefficient threshold and the delay offset is greater than a preset delay offset threshold, the corresponding transient impact is determined to be an abnormal impact.

5. The intelligent circuit breaker condition monitoring method based on multi-dimensional data fusion according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the temporal evolution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, the process of extracting the repeatability, persistence, and cumulative trend of the impact state to construct an impact degradation evolution index is as follows: Within the continuous operating cycle in which the transient impact is determined to be an abnormal impact, the multidimensional impact state description vector is sampled in a time sequence using a preset time window; A similarity analysis is performed on the multidimensional impact state description vectors within adjacent time windows. By calculating the consistency of the vector change amplitude within adjacent time windows, an impact repeatability evaluation metric is constructed. An impact persistence index is constructed based on the ratio of the abnormal duration of the electrothermal consistency coefficient to the abnormal duration of the operating mechanism response delay offset. The long-term evolution trend of the multidimensional impact state description vector is cumulatively modeled to construct the impact cumulative trend quantity; By combining the impact repeatability evaluation quantity, impact persistence index and impact cumulative trend quantity, an impact degradation evolution index is constructed.

6. The intelligent circuit breaker condition monitoring method based on multi-dimensional data fusion according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of comparing the impact degradation evolution index with preset physical response constraints and outputting the monitoring results of the current operating status of the circuit breaker is as follows: The set of physical response constraints includes: electrothermal response constraints, mechanism action timing constraints, and impact degradation evolution constraints. The impact degradation evolution index calculated within the current time window is compared and analyzed with the set of physical response constraints to construct a physical consistency judgment function; Based on the physical consistency judgment function and the numerical range distribution of the impact degradation evolution index, the current operating status of the circuit breaker is classified and judged: when the physical consistency judgment function is 1 and the impact degradation evolution index is less than or equal to the low-risk threshold of the impact degradation evolution index, the circuit breaker is judged to be in normal operating status. When the physical consistency judgment function is 1, and the impact degradation evolution index is greater than the low risk threshold and less than or equal to the impact degradation safety threshold, the circuit breaker is judged to be in a mild degradation warning state. When the physical consistency determination function is 0 or the impact degradation evolution index is greater than the impact degradation safety threshold, the circuit breaker is determined to be in a high-risk degradation state. Based on the operational status classification results, corresponding operational status monitoring outputs are generated.

7. A smart circuit breaker condition monitoring system based on multi-dimensional data fusion, used to implement the smart circuit breaker condition monitoring method based on multi-dimensional data fusion as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: It includes an electrothermal data alignment module, an impact feature modeling module, an electrothermal consistency calculation module, an impact state construction module, a degradation evolution assessment module, and a state determination output module; The electrothermal data alignment module is used to acquire transient load current, local contact temperature, shell temperature gradient and opening and closing action timing data during the operation of the circuit breaker, and obtain electrothermal multi-scale timing dataset. The impact feature modeling module is used to segment the transient impact conditions and steady-state conditions during operation based on the electrothermal multi-scale time series dataset, extract the current energy density characteristics under the impact conditions and the thermal response hysteresis characteristics of the corresponding time period, and construct the electrothermal response mapping function between electrical excitation and thermal response. The electrothermal consistency calculation module is used to determine the degree of response matching between the contact temperature rise and the current impact intensity based on the electrothermal response mapping function, and to calculate the electrothermal consistency coefficient characterizing the interpretability of transient impact. The impact state construction module is used to construct a multi-dimensional impact state description vector by combining the electrothermal consistency coefficient, the opening and closing action sequence and the response delay of the operating mechanism. The degradation and evolution assessment module is used to extract the repeatability, persistence and cumulative trend of the impact state based on the temporal evolution characteristics of the multidimensional impact state description vector, and to construct an impact degradation and evolution index. The status determination output module is used to compare the impact degradation evolution index with the preset physical response constraints and output the monitoring results of the current operating status of the circuit breaker.

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