Positioning and orientation system of downhole instrument of hollow core fiber optic gyroscope and data processing method

Abstract

This invention provides a positioning and orientation system and data processing method for downhole instruments using hollow fiber optic gyroscopes, belonging to the field of borehole geophysical exploration technology. When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument is directly connected to the surface control and data acquisition system, the acquired geophysical data and information from the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope are transmitted to the surface control and data acquisition system in real time, achieving real-time orientation and positioning of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument. When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument is not connected to the surface control and data acquisition system, the acquired geophysical data and information from the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope are time-synchronized, processed together, and stored in the memory of the downhole instrument, achieving orientation and positioning of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument. This invention solves the problem of real-time orientation and positioning of downhole geophysical measuring instruments during data acquisition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of downhole geophysical exploration technology, and specifically relates to a positioning and orientation system and data processing method for a downhole instrument using a hollow fiber optic gyroscope. Background Technology

[0002] A fiber optic gyroscope is an instrument capable of accurately determining the position of a moving object. It is a widely used inertial navigation instrument in modern aviation, navigation, aerospace, and defense industries. A fiber optic gyroscope is a fiber optic sensor used for inertial navigation; because it has no moving parts—a high-speed rotor—it is called a solid-state gyroscope. This new type of all-solid-state gyroscope will become the dominant product in the future, with broad development prospects and application potential. A fiber optic gyroscope uses a fiber optic coil as its sensing element. Light emitted from a laser diode propagates in two directions along the fiber optic cable. The different light propagation paths determine the angular displacement of the sensing element. Compared with traditional mechanical gyroscopes, fiber optic gyroscopes have advantages such as being all-solid-state, having no rotating or frictional parts, long lifespan, large dynamic range, instantaneous start-up, simple structure, small size, and light weight. Compared with laser gyroscopes, fiber optic gyroscopes do not have latch-up issues and do not require precision machining of the optical path in a quartz block, resulting in relatively lower costs.

[0003] The implementation of a fiber optic gyroscope is primarily based on the Seneca equation: when a beam of light travels in a circular channel, if the channel itself has a rotational speed, the time required for the light to travel along the direction of rotation is longer than the time required to travel along the opposite direction. In other words, when the optical loop rotates, the optical path length of the loop changes relative to its stationary state in different directions of travel. By utilizing this change in optical path length and detecting the phase difference or changes in interference fringes between the two light paths, the angular velocity of the optical path rotation can be measured. This is the working principle of a fiber optic gyroscope. However, fiber optic inertial navigation systems cannot provide time information.

[0004] Fiber optic gyroscopes can be classified in several ways. Based on their working principle, they can be divided into three categories: interferometric, resonant, and stimulated Brillouin scattering fiber optic gyroscopes. Among them, the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope is the first generation of fiber optic gyroscopes, which uses multi-turn fiber coils to enhance the Sagnac effect and is currently the most widely used. According to different electrical signal processing methods, they can be divided into open-loop and closed-loop fiber optic gyroscopes. Generally speaking, closed-loop fiber optic gyroscopes have higher accuracy due to their closed-loop control. Based on their structure, they can be divided into single-axis and multi-axis fiber optic gyroscopes. Among them, three-axis fiber optic gyroscopes are an important development direction for fiber optic gyroscopes due to their advantages such as small size and the ability to measure spatial position.

[0005] Despite significant advancements in interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (IFOG) technology, the solid-core fiber used in traditional IFOGs suffers from high cost and energy consumption due to the sensitivity of the material (silica glass) to environmental factors such as temperature, magnetic fields, strong light, and radiation. This necessitates complex protection and compensation mechanisms. Therefore, researchers have continuously sought more environmentally adaptable alternatives, primarily resulting in two main approaches: resonant fiber optic gyroscopes (RFOG) and air-core fiber optic gyroscopes (Air-core FOG).

[0006] Currently, widely used downhole cable logging instruments, logging-while-drilling instruments, downhole three-component seismic instruments, and downhole multi-component electromagnetic signal receiving sensor arrays all employ three-component electromagnetic, three-component gravity, three-component magnetic field, and three-component seismic detectors, respectively. The real-time orientation and positioning function of these instruments during downhole operations has not been fully resolved. Without real-time orientation and positioning data from downhole multi-component instrument sensors, it is impossible to perform rotation and correction processing on the multi-parameter, multi-component geophysical data acquired downhole. Currently used three-component attitude sensors based on magnetic compasses, due to their use of magnetic field sensors, are essentially unable to function properly in magnetic steel casing or on steel drill collars. We urgently need to find a technical solution to address the real-time orientation and positioning problem of downhole multi-parameter, multi-component geophysical measurement instruments during continuous downhole operations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the real-time orientation and positioning problem of downhole multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical measuring instruments during continuous downhole measurements, this invention proposes a positioning and orientation system and data processing method for downhole instruments using a hollow fiber optic gyroscope. By installing a hollow fiber optic gyroscope on the top of the downhole multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical measuring instrument, the instrument can be positioned and oriented in real time, providing crucial support data for the projection and rotation processing of multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical data measured downhole.

[0008] One of the technical solutions adopted in this invention is: a positioning and orientation system for downhole instruments using a hollow fiber optic gyroscope, comprising: a three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope, a downhole geophysical measuring instrument, a ground control and data acquisition system, and an armored optical-electric composite cable; the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope is fixed to the top of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument, and when the downhole geophysical measuring instrument is acquiring multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical data in the well, the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope records the real-time position, actual tilt angle, azimuth, dip, movement speed, and attitude information of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument in real time.

[0009] When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument is connected to the ground control and data acquisition system, the downhole geophysical measuring instrument uploads the measured geophysical data to the ground control and data acquisition system. The three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope uploads the real-time position, actual dip angle, azimuth, dip direction, movement speed, and attitude information of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument to the ground control and data acquisition system. The communication connection is specifically achieved through an armored optical fiber composite cable.

[0010] When there is no communication connection between the downhole geophysical measurement instrument and the ground control and data acquisition system, the downhole geophysical measurement instrument includes at least: a memory module, a timer module, and a photoelectric conversion module; the multi-parameter multi-component sensor of the downhole geophysical measurement instrument stores the measured geophysical data in the memory module; the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope converts the measured real-time position, velocity, and attitude information of the downhole geophysical measurement instrument into electrical signals through the photoelectric conversion module, and then stores them in the memory module after being timed by the timer module; when the downhole geophysical measurement instrument is taken out of the well, the data in the memory module is transmitted to the ground control and data acquisition system.

[0011] The described three-axis hollow-core fiber optic gyroscope is an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (IFOG) that uses high-temperature resistant, hydrogen-loss-resistant hollow anti-resonant fiber instead of solid fiber. It belongs to the category of high-temperature navigation-grade precision three-axis hollow-core fiber optic gyroscopes, exhibiting excellent environmental stability, extremely low zero-bias instability, and extremely low temperature sensitivity. The three-axis hollow-core fiber optic gyroscope is an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope, composed of a high-temperature resistant, hydrogen-loss-resistant hollow anti-resonant fiber ring. Three mutually orthogonal hollow-core fiber optic gyroscopes form the three-axis interferometric fiber optic gyroscope IFOG.

[0012] If the downhole geophysical measurement instrument does not have a communication connection with the ground control and data acquisition system, it also includes: a multi-channel 32-bit analog-to-digital converter module; the multi-parameter multi-component sensor of the downhole geophysical measurement instrument is connected to the input terminal of the multi-channel 32-bit analog-to-digital converter module; the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope is connected to the input terminal of the multi-channel 32-bit analog-to-digital converter module through a photoelectric conversion module; and the output terminal of the multi-channel 32-bit analog-to-digital converter module is connected to a memory module.

[0013] When downhole geophysical measuring instruments have a communication connection with the surface control and data acquisition system, the downhole geophysical measuring instruments that have a communication connection with the surface control and data acquisition system include multi-parameter multi-component logging instruments, downhole three-component geophone arrays, or downhole multi-component electromagnetic signal receiving sensor arrays.

[0014] The downhole geophysical measurement instruments that communicate with the surface control and data acquisition system are single or combined multi-parameter, multi-component logging instruments, or single-stage or array-type integrated geophysical data acquisition systems. Three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscopes are mounted on top of single or combined multi-parameter, multi-component logging instruments, or on top of single-stage or each array-type integrated geophysical data acquisition system.

[0015] If the downhole geophysical measuring instrument connected to the ground control and data acquisition system is a multi-level array integrated geophysical data acquisition system, including several single-level array integrated geophysical data acquisition systems, the several single-level array integrated geophysical data acquisition systems are connected in series and deployed downhole to synchronously acquire multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical data at different depths.

[0016] Data processing methods for the positioning and orientation system of downhole instruments using hollow fiber optic gyroscopes include:

[0017] S1. During the process of collecting multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical data in the well as the downhole geophysical measuring instrument moves upward or downward along the well trajectory, the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope synchronously and in real time measures the tilt angle, azimuth angle, moving speed and dip of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument as it moves along the well trajectory.

[0018] S2. At the acquisition location of multi-parameter multi-component geophysical data in each well, based on the tilt angle of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument measured in real time at this location by the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope, rotate the acquired three-component geophysical data values ​​to a position with a tilt angle of zero degrees.

[0019] S3. Then, based on the azimuth angle of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument measured by the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope at this measuring point, rotate the three-component geophysical data value after rotation in step 2 to the position where the azimuth angle is zero degrees. This will obtain the vertical component, north-south horizontal component, and east-west horizontal component of the multi-parameter three-component geophysical data in each downhole.

[0020] S4. If it is necessary to rotate each multi-parameter three-component geophysical data in the well to the known direction of the geological body or the direction of the predetermined profile, then when performing the rotation processing of the horizontal components in step 3, it is only necessary to rotate the north-south or east-west horizontal components parallel to the ground to a position where the azimuth angle of one of the horizontal components is zero with the direction of the geological body or the direction of the predetermined profile. This will obtain the horizontal components that are parallel to the direction of the geological body or the predetermined profile and the horizontal components that are perpendicular to the direction of the geological body or the predetermined profile.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a solution to the real-time orientation and positioning problem of downhole geophysical measuring instruments. When an armored optical-electric composite cable connects the downhole geophysical measuring instrument to the ground control and data acquisition system, the collected multi-parameter, multi-component geophysical data, along with the real-time position, actual tilt, azimuth, dip, movement speed, and attitude information of a three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope, are transmitted in real time to the ground control and data acquisition system, thus achieving real-time orientation and positioning of the multi-parameter, multi-component geophysical measuring instrument. When the downhole multi-parameter, multi-component geophysical measuring instrument is not connected to the ground control and data acquisition system via an armored optical-electric composite cable, the collected multi-component geophysical data, along with the real-time position, actual tilt, azimuth, dip, movement speed, and attitude information of the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope, and the real-time position, speed, and attitude information of the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope are time-synchronized, and then processed and stored in the memory of the downhole multi-component geophysical measuring instrument, thus achieving orientation and positioning of the multi-parameter, multi-component geophysical measuring instrument. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This invention provides a schematic diagram of a downhole geophysical measurement instrument equipped with a three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a downhole geophysical measuring instrument with a three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope installed when there is no communication connection according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This invention presents a schematic diagram of a downhole multi-stage array geophysical measurement instrument equipped with a three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope; 2-Downhole geophysical measuring instrument; 3-Ground control and data acquisition system; 21-Memory module; 22-Timer module; 23-Photoelectric conversion module; 24-32-bit analog-to-digital conversion module; 4-Armored photoelectric composite cable. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To facilitate understanding of the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention by those skilled in the art, the invention will be explained and described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are for explaining the invention only and do not constitute a limitation thereof; they are merely examples, and the advantages of the invention will become clearer and easier to understand by illustrating them.

[0027] like Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a downhole geophysical measuring instrument with a three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope installed is shown. The positioning and orientation system of the downhole instrument with the hollow fiber optic gyroscope of the present invention includes: a three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope 1, a downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2, a ground control and data acquisition system 3, and an armored optical-electric composite cable 4. The three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope 1 is fixed to the top of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2. When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 is acquiring multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical data in the well, the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope 1 records the real-time position, actual tilt angle, azimuth, dip, movement speed, and attitude information of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2.

[0028] When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 is connected to the ground control and data acquisition system 3, the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 uploads the measured geophysical data to the ground control and data acquisition system 3, and the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope 1 uploads the measured real-time position, actual tilt angle, azimuth, dip, movement speed and attitude information of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 to the ground control and data acquisition system 3.

[0029] like Figure 2 The schematic diagram of a downhole geophysical measuring instrument with a three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope installed when there is no communication connection is shown. When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 has no communication connection with the ground control and data acquisition system 3, the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 includes at least: a memory module 21, a timer module 22, and a photoelectric conversion module 23. The multi-parameter multi-component sensor of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 stores the measured geophysical data in the memory module 21. The three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope 1 converts the measured real-time position, actual tilt angle, azimuth, dip, movement speed, and attitude information of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 into electrical signals through the photoelectric conversion module 23, and then stores them in the memory module 21 after being timed by the timer module 22. When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 is taken out of the well, the data in the memory module 21 is transmitted to the ground control and data acquisition system 3.

[0030] Specifically, the communication connection is achieved by connecting the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 to the ground control and data acquisition system 3 via an armored optical-electric composite cable 4.

[0031] The described three-axis hollow-core fiber optic gyroscope 1 is an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope, composed of a high-temperature resistant and hydrogen-loss-resistant hollow anti-resonant fiber ring. Three mutually orthogonal hollow-core fiber optic gyroscopes 1 form a three-axis interferometric fiber optic gyroscope IFOG. The IFOG is a three-axis interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (IFOG) that uses high-temperature resistant and hydrogen-loss-resistant hollow anti-resonant fiber instead of solid fiber. It belongs to the category of high-temperature resistant navigation-grade precision hollow-core fiber optic gyroscopes, possessing excellent environmental stability, extremely low zero-bias instability, and extremely low temperature sensitivity.

[0032] When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 is not connected to the ground control and data acquisition system 3, the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 also includes: a photoelectric conversion module 23 and a multi-channel 32-bit analog-to-digital conversion module 24; the multi-parameter multi-component sensor of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 is connected to the input terminal of the 32-bit analog-to-digital conversion module 24, the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope 1 is connected to the input terminal of the multi-channel 32-bit analog-to-digital conversion module 24 through the photoelectric conversion module 23, and the output terminal of the multi-channel 32-bit analog-to-digital conversion module 24 is connected to the memory module 21.

[0033] like Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the downhole multi-level array geophysical measuring instrument with a three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope installed is shown. When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 has a communication connection with the ground control and data acquisition system 3, the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 that is connected to the ground control and data acquisition system 3 includes a multi-parameter multi-component logging instrument, a downhole three-component geophone array, or a downhole multi-component electromagnetic signal receiving sensor array.

[0034] The downhole geophysical measurement instrument 2, which communicates with the ground control and data acquisition system 3, is a single or combined multi-parameter multi-component logging instrument, or a single-stage or array-type integrated geophysical data acquisition system. A three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope 1 is mounted on top of the single or combined multi-parameter multi-component logging instrument, or on top of a single-stage or array-type integrated geophysical data acquisition system.

[0035] If the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2, which is connected to the ground control and data acquisition system 3, is a multi-level array integrated geophysical data acquisition system, including several single-level array integrated geophysical data acquisition systems, the several single-level array integrated geophysical data acquisition systems are connected in series and deployed downhole to synchronously acquire multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical data at different depths.

[0036] The data processing method for the positioning and orientation system of a downhole instrument using a hollow fiber optic gyroscope includes the following steps:

[0037] S1. During the process of collecting multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical data in the well as the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 moves upward or downward along the well trajectory, the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope 1 synchronously and in real time measures the tilt angle, azimuth angle, moving speed and dip of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument as it moves along the well trajectory.

[0038] S2. At the acquisition location of multi-parameter multi-component geophysical data in each well, based on the tilt angle of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 measured in real time at this location by the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope 1, the acquired three-component geophysical data values ​​are rotated to a position with a tilt angle of zero degrees.

[0039] S3. Then, based on the azimuth angle measured by the downhole geophysical measuring instrument 2 at this measuring point by the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope 1, rotate the three-component geophysical data value after step S2 to the position where the azimuth angle is zero degrees. This will obtain the vertical component, north-south horizontal component, and east-west horizontal component of the multi-parameter three-component geophysical data in each well.

[0040] S4. If it is necessary to rotate each multi-parameter three-component geophysical data in the well to the known direction of the geological body or the direction of the predetermined profile, then when performing the rotation processing of the horizontal components in step S3, it is only necessary to rotate the north-south or east-west horizontal components parallel to the ground to a position where the azimuth angle of one of the horizontal components is zero with the direction of the geological body or the direction of the predetermined profile. This will obtain the horizontal components that are parallel to the direction of the geological body or the predetermined profile and the horizontal components that are perpendicular to the direction of the geological body or the predetermined profile.

[0041] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are intended to help the reader understand the principles of the invention, and should be understood that the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Various modifications and variations can be made to the invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and orientation system for downhole instruments using hollow fiber optic gyroscopes, characterized in that, include: The system includes a three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope (1), a downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2), a ground control and data acquisition system (3), and an armored optical fiber composite cable (4). The three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope (1) is fixed at the top of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2). When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) is acquiring multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical data in the well, the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope (1) records the actual tilt angle, azimuth, dip, velocity, and position coordinate information of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) in real time. When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) is connected to the ground control and data acquisition system (3), the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) uploads the measured geophysical data to the ground control and data acquisition system (3). The three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope (1) at the top of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) uploads the measured real-time position, actual tilt angle, azimuth, dip, movement speed and attitude information of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) to the ground control and data acquisition system (3). The communication connection is specifically made through an armored optical fiber composite cable (4). When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) has no communication connection with the ground control and data acquisition system (3), the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) also includes: a memory module (21), a timer module (22) and a photoelectric conversion module (23); the multi-parameter multi-component sensor of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) stores the measured geophysical data in the memory module (21); The three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope (1) converts the real-time position, actual dip angle, azimuth, dip, moving speed and attitude information of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) into electrical signals through the photoelectric conversion module (23), and then stores them in the memory module (21) after being timed by the timer module (22). After the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) is taken out from the well, it transmits the data in the memory module (21) to the ground control and data acquisition system (3).

2. The positioning and orientation system for downhole instruments using a hollow fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope (1) is an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope, which is composed of a high-temperature resistant and hydrogen-loss resistant hollow anti-resonant fiber optic ring. Three mutually orthogonal hollow fiber optic gyroscopes (1) form a three-axis interferometric fiber optic gyroscope IFOG.

3. The positioning and orientation system for downhole instruments using a hollow fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) which has no communication connection with the ground control and data acquisition system (3) also includes: a multi-channel 32-bit analog-to-digital converter module (24); the multi-parameter multi-component sensor of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) is connected to the input end of the multi-channel 32-bit analog-to-digital converter module (24), the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope (1) is connected to the input end of the multi-channel 32-bit analog-to-digital converter module (24) through the photoelectric conversion module (23), and the output end of the multi-channel 32-bit analog-to-digital converter module (24) is connected to the memory module (21).

4. The positioning and orientation system for downhole instruments using a hollow fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) has a communication connection with the ground control and data acquisition system (3), the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) that has a communication connection with the ground control and data acquisition system (3) includes a multi-parameter multi-component logging instrument, a three-component geophone array in the well, or a multi-component electromagnetic signal receiving sensor array in the well.

5. The positioning and orientation system for downhole instruments using a hollow fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) that is connected to the ground control and data acquisition system (3) is a single or combined multi-parameter multi-component logging instrument, or a single-level or array-type integrated geophysical data acquisition system; the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope (1) is installed on the top of the single or combined multi-parameter multi-component logging instrument, or on the top of the single-level or array-type integrated geophysical data acquisition system; If the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) connected to the ground control and data acquisition system (3) is a multi-level array integrated geophysical data acquisition system, including several single-level array integrated geophysical data acquisition systems, the several single-level array integrated geophysical data acquisition systems are connected in series and deployed downhole to synchronously acquire multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical data at different depths.

6. The data processing method for the positioning and orientation system of the downhole instrument using a hollow fiber optic gyroscope as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, include: S1. During the process of collecting multi-parameter and multi-component geophysical data in the well while the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) moves up or down along the well trajectory, the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope (1) synchronously and in real time measures the real-time position, actual dip angle, azimuth, dip, moving speed and attitude information of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument as it moves along the well trajectory. S2. At the acquisition location of multi-parameter multi-component geophysical data in each well, based on the tilt angle of the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) measured in real time at this location by the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope (1), the acquired three-component geophysical data values ​​are rotated to a position with a tilt angle of zero degrees. S3. Then, based on the azimuth angle measured by the downhole geophysical measuring instrument (2) at this measuring point using the three-axis hollow fiber optic gyroscope (1), rotate the three-component geophysical data value after step S2 to the position where the azimuth angle is zero. This will obtain the vertical component, north-south horizontal component, and east-west horizontal component of the multi-parameter three-component geophysical data in each well. S4. If it is necessary to rotate each multi-parameter three-component geophysical data in the well to the known direction of the geological body or the direction of the predetermined profile, then when performing the rotation processing of the horizontal components in step S3, it is only necessary to rotate the north-south or east-west horizontal components parallel to the ground to a position where the azimuth angle of one of the horizontal components is zero with the direction of the geological body or the direction of the predetermined profile. This will obtain the horizontal components that are parallel to the direction of the geological body or the predetermined profile and the horizontal components that are perpendicular to the direction of the geological body or the predetermined profile.

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