A lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification
By designing a dual-chamber dust removal system and a worm gear mechanism, the problem of dust and exhaust gas pollution during lithium battery recycling is solved, achieving efficient dust cleaning and exhaust gas purification, and meeting the environmental protection requirements of the lithium battery recycling industry.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JIANGSU XINYU NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
Smart Images

Figure CN122136502A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental protection equipment for the resource recycling of lithium batteries, and in particular to a lithium battery recycling device that integrates dust removal and exhaust gas purification. Background Technology
[0002] During the recycling of waste lithium batteries, a large amount of dust is generated during crushing, kneading, and screening. This dust mainly consists of graphite anode powder and cathode active material powder, mixed with a small amount of copper and aluminum foil shavings. If not collected in time, it can easily cause dust pollution, endangering the health of operators and wasting resources. At the same time, the organic gases released by the crushing and decomposition of materials and the acidic gases produced by the hydrolysis of cathode materials will pollute the atmosphere if directly emitted, and require targeted purification treatment.
[0003] In the lithium battery recycling industry, crushing and screening processes generate a large amount of mixed gas containing dust and waste gas. Traditional lithium battery recycling equipment has many shortcomings in dust cleaning. On the one hand, single-compartment dust collectors need to be shut down for cleaning, which makes it impossible to operate continuously and uninterruptedly, affecting the overall processing efficiency. On the other hand, in conventional baghouse dust collection, the cleaning effect is poor after dust adheres to the surface of the bags. The dust adheres strongly to the surface of the bags and is difficult to shake off effectively, affecting the continuous and stable filtration performance of the bags and thus reducing the long-term operating effect of the dust collection work. In addition, dust adhering to the inner wall of the dust collection chamber due to static electricity, deliquescence, etc., is difficult to remove, resulting in dust accumulation on the inner wall of the dust collection chamber and affecting the dust collection efficiency of the entire device. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification, comprising an air inlet pipe, a dust removal chamber fixedly connected to one side of the air inlet pipe, a secondary combustion chamber connected to the side of the dust removal chamber away from the air inlet pipe, a quench tower coaxially nested on the outside of the secondary combustion chamber, a spray assembly connected to the side of the secondary combustion chamber away from the dust removal chamber, a first cleaning assembly provided on the dust removal chamber, and a second cleaning assembly provided on the outside of the dust removal chamber; The first cleaning component includes a movable frame, a cloth bag is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable frame, a spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame, a fixed frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring, a drive motor is fixedly connected to the outer side of the dust collection chamber, and a cam is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor.
[0005] Preferably, a reversing valve is fixedly connected to one side of the air intake pipe, and there are two dust collection chambers, each connected to one or both sides of the reversing valve. The side of the air intake pipe away from the reversing valve is installed above the lithium battery recycling line.
[0006] Preferably, the lower end of the dust removal chamber is tapered and a collection box is detachably installed at its bottom. A visual window is provided on one side of the dust removal chamber. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the two dust removal chambers. A first connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the secondary combustion chamber and the exhaust pipe. One-way valves are fixedly connected on both sides of the exhaust pipe and the first connecting pipe.
[0007] Preferably, a combustible gas inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the secondary combustion chamber, a water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the quench tower, a water outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the quench tower, and a second connecting pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the secondary combustion chamber, penetrating the quench tower and communicating with the spray assembly.
[0008] Preferably, the spray assembly includes a spray tower connected to the second connecting pipe, a water pump is fixedly connected to the outside of the spray tower, and upper and lower spray nozzles are fixedly connected to the inside of the spray tower. A connecting pipe connects the water outlet of the water pump to the spray nozzle.
[0009] Preferably, the movable frame is slidably connected inside the dust collection chamber and located below the air outlet pipe, the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collection chamber, and the filter bag is located inside the fixed frame.
[0010] Preferably, the output shaft of the drive motor extends into the interior of the dust removal chamber, the spring is always in a compressed state, and the spring is compressed to its shortest length when the long shaft end of the cam is in contact with the top surface of the movable frame.
[0011] Preferably, the second cleaning component includes a protective frame, a worm gear rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the protective frame, a hammer coaxially fixedly connected to the worm gear, a worm rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective frame, a first transmission wheel fixedly connected to the outer side of the worm, a second transmission wheel fixedly connected to the outer side of the output shaft of the drive motor, and a belt drivingly connecting the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel.
[0012] Preferably, the protective frame is fixedly connected to the outside of the dust collection chamber and located below the drive motor. The worm gear is rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the protective frame via a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft extends to the bottom of the protective frame and is fixedly connected to the striking hammer. The striking hammer contacts the outer wall of the dust collection chamber. The worm meshes with the worm gear. The second transmission wheel is located directly above the first transmission wheel.
[0013] In summary, the present invention provides a lithium battery recycling device that integrates dust removal and exhaust gas purification, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This integrated lithium battery recycling device for dust removal and exhaust gas purification uses a design where the spring is always in a compressed state. When the long shaft end of the cam rotates away, the spring can instantly release huge elastic potential energy, causing the entire filter bag to generate a strong, upward shaking. This effectively overcomes the adhesion between dust and the filter bag surface, shaking off the dust layer attached to the outer surface of the filter bag, significantly improving the dust removal efficiency, ensuring the continuous and stable filtration performance of the filter bag, and thus ensuring the long-term and efficient operation of the entire dust removal process.
[0014] 2. This integrated lithium battery recycling device for dust removal and exhaust gas purification converts the high-speed rotation of the drive motor into the low-speed, high-torque rotation of the hammer through a worm gear mechanism, thereby continuously striking the outer wall of the dust removal chamber. The vibration waves generated by the striking can be effectively transmitted to the inner wall of the chamber, shaking off stubborn dust that adheres to the chamber wall due to static electricity, deliquescence, etc. Working in conjunction with the first cleaning component, it can perform all-round cleaning of the inner wall of the dust removal chamber and the filter bags.
[0015] 3. This integrated dust removal and exhaust gas purification lithium battery recycling device, through its dual-compartment design and the cooperation of a reversing valve, achieves uninterrupted dust removal operation. The coaxial nested structure allows high-temperature gas to instantly enter the quench tower from the secondary combustion chamber for rapid cooling, greatly suppressing the formation of dioxins. The spray assembly uses upper and lower layers of nozzles, significantly improving gas-liquid contact efficiency and ensuring deep purification of acidic gases and odors. Ultimately, it achieves comprehensive efficiency with high dust recovery rate, thorough exhaust gas purification, and low energy consumption and operating costs, meeting the environmental protection requirements of the lithium battery recycling industry. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another axial integral structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the connection between the secondary combustion chamber and the quench tower of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the spray tower of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dust removal chamber of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the connection between the first cleaning component and the second cleaning component of the present invention.
[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Intake pipe; 101. Reversing valve; 2. Dust removal chamber; 3. Secondary combustion chamber; 4. Quenching tower; 5. Spray assembly; 501. Spray tower; 502. Water pump; 503. Spray nozzle; 504. Water pipe; 6. First cleaning component; 601. Movable frame; 602. Cloth bag; 603. Spring; 604. Fixed frame; 605. Drive motor; 606. Cam; 7. Second cleaning component; 701. Protective frame; 702. Worm gear; 703. Striking hammer; 704. Worm; 705. First transmission wheel; 706. Second transmission wheel; 707. Belt. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example
[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification includes an air inlet pipe 1. A dust removal chamber 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the air inlet pipe 1. A secondary combustion chamber 3 is connected to the side of the dust removal chamber 2 away from the air inlet pipe 1. A quench tower 4 is coaxially nested on the outside of the secondary combustion chamber 3. A spray assembly 5 is connected to the side of the secondary combustion chamber 3 away from the dust removal chamber 2. The dust removal chamber 2, the secondary combustion chamber 3, the coaxially nested quench tower 4 and the spray assembly 5 are directly connected in sequence, which greatly shortens the process flow and equipment spacing, reduces pressure loss and heat loss caused by pipeline connection, reduces energy consumption and improves processing efficiency. A first cleaning assembly 6 is provided on the dust removal chamber 2, and a second cleaning assembly 7 is provided on the outside of the dust removal chamber 2. The first cleaning component 6 includes a movable frame 601, a cloth bag 602 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable frame 601, a spring 603 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame 601, a fixed frame 604 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring 603, a drive motor 605 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the dust collection chamber 2, and a cam 606 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 605. The drive motor 605 drives the cam 606 to rotate, periodically squeezing the spring 603 connected to the movable frame 601, causing the entire cloth bag 602 to generate high-frequency up-and-down reciprocating vibration, which can effectively shake off the dust attached to the outer side of the cloth bag 602.
[0020] like Figure 1As shown, a reversing valve 101 is fixedly connected to one side of the air inlet pipe 1. There are two dust collection chambers 2, each connected to both sides of the reversing valve 101. The reversing valve 101 and the two dust collection chambers 2 constitute a dual-chamber dust collection system. The reversing valve 101 can switch the airflow direction, so that one chamber is in online filtration mode, while the other chamber can be cleaned or maintained offline. This achieves continuous and uninterrupted operation of dust collection, solving the problem of needing to stop the single-chamber dust collector for cleaning. The side of the air inlet pipe 1 away from the reversing valve 101 is installed above the lithium battery recycling line, clearly defining the source interface position of the air inlet pipe 1. This ensures that the device can directly and efficiently capture the dust and exhaust gas generated by the lithium battery recycling production line during the crushing and screening processes, controlling pollution from the source.
[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of the dust collection chamber 2 is conical, and a collection box is detachably installed at its bottom. The conical design facilitates the natural accumulation of dust at the bottom under gravity. The detachable collection box makes dust cleaning and collection very convenient, simplifying daily maintenance. A visualization window is provided on one side of the dust collection chamber 2, allowing operators to directly observe the working status inside the dust collection chamber 2, such as dust accumulation and the working status of the filter bag 602, without interrupting equipment operation or opening the equipment. This facilitates monitoring and fault diagnosis. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the two dust collection chambers 2. A first connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the secondary combustion chamber 3 and the exhaust pipe. One-way valves are fixedly connected on both sides of the exhaust pipe and the first connecting pipe. The one-way valves prevent backflow of airflow, ensuring that when one dust collection chamber 2 is being cleaned or its pressure changes, it will not interfere with the airflow of the other dust collection chamber 2 that is currently working. It also prevents the backflow of gas flowing into the secondary combustion chamber 3, ensuring the stability and independence of the system operation.
[0022] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a combustible gas inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the secondary combustion chamber 3. The combustible gas inlet pipe is used to provide fuel and combustion air to the secondary combustion chamber 3, providing the necessary high-temperature environment for decomposing the organic matter in the waste gas generated by lithium battery recycling. A water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the quench tower 4, and a water outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the quench tower 4. The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe constitute the cooling medium circulation system of the quench tower 4. By continuously inputting cooling medium such as water, it is ensured that the high-temperature gas coming out of the secondary combustion chamber 3 can be rapidly cooled. A second connecting pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the secondary combustion chamber 3, passing through the quench tower 4 and connecting to the spray assembly 5. The second connecting pipe is a channel connecting the secondary combustion chamber 3 and the quench tower 4 to the subsequent spray assembly 5, so that the high-temperature gas can directly enter the next stage after being quenched.
[0023] like Figure 4As shown, the spray assembly 5 includes a spray tower 501 connected to the second connecting pipe. A water pump 502 is fixedly connected to the outside of the spray tower 501. Two layers of spray nozzles 503 are fixedly connected inside the spray tower 501. A connecting pipe 504 connects the water outlet of the water pump 502 to the spray nozzles 503. The water pump 502 delivers alkaline washing liquid to the two layers of spray nozzles 503 through the connecting pipe 504, forming dense droplets. The multi-layer spray nozzles 503 significantly increase the gas-liquid contact area and contact time, thereby more efficiently neutralizing and removing acidic gases and residual odors in the exhaust gas, and improving the cleanliness of the final exhaust gas.
[0024] like Figure 5 As shown, the movable frame 601 is slidably connected inside the dust collection chamber 2 and located below the air outlet pipe. The fixed frame 604 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collection chamber 2. The filter bag 602 is located inside the fixed frame 604. The movable frame 601 can slide, which is the basis for realizing the dust removal action, while the fixed frame 604 plays a role in fixing and guiding. The filter bag 602 is located inside the fixed frame 604, which ensures that the dust-laden gas must pass through the filter bag 602 before it can be further processed and thus effectively filtered.
[0025] like Figure 5 As shown, the output shaft of the drive motor 605 extends into the interior of the dust collection chamber 2. The spring 603 is always in a compressed state. The fact that the spring 603 is always in a compressed state ensures that it always exerts an upward force on the movable frame 601, so that it can fit tightly against the surface of the cam 606. When the long shaft end of the cam 606 is in contact with the top surface of the movable frame 601, the spring 603 is compressed to its shortest length. When the long shaft end of the cam 606 rotates away, the spring 603 quickly releases its elastic potential energy, causing the cloth bag 602 to generate a strong instantaneous upward shaking, which can clean the dust on the surface of the cloth bag 602.
[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the second cleaning component 7 includes a protective frame 701. A worm gear 702 is rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the protective frame 701. A striking hammer 703 is coaxially fixedly connected to the worm gear 702. A worm 704 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective frame 701. A first transmission wheel 705 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the worm 704. A second transmission wheel 706 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the output shaft of the drive motor 605. A belt 707 is connected between the first transmission wheel 705 and the second transmission wheel 706. The high-speed rotation of the drive motor 605 is converted into the low-speed rotation of the striking hammer 703 by the transmission mechanism of the worm gear 702 and the worm 704. The worm gear 702 and the worm 704 have a self-locking characteristic, which can prevent reverse rotation caused by vibration and ensure the stability of the striking action.
[0027] like Figure 7As shown, the protective frame 701 is fixedly connected to the outside of the dust collection chamber 2 and located below the drive motor 605. The worm gear 702 is rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the protective frame 701 through a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft extends to the bottom of the protective frame 701 and is fixedly connected to the striking hammer 703. The striking hammer 703 contacts the outer wall of the dust collection chamber 2, so that when it rotates, it can continuously and rhythmically strike the outer wall of the dust collection chamber 2, which can shake off the dust adhering to the inner wall of the dust collection chamber 2. It can be activated simultaneously with the first cleaning component 6, and can clean the dust of the filter bag 602 and the inner wall of the dust collection chamber 2 at the same time, making the dust cleaning more thorough. The worm 704 meshes with the worm gear 702, and the second transmission wheel 706 is located directly above the first transmission wheel 705.
[0028] In operation, the dust and waste gas generated during the crushing and screening processes of the lithium battery recycling line first enter the entire system through the inlet pipe 1. The airflow is then distributed by the reversing valve 101 and enters one of the dust collection chambers 2 that is currently in online filtration mode. Inside the dust collection chamber 2, the mixed gas passes through the filter bags 602 of the first cleaning component 6. The dust is trapped on the outer surface of the filter bags 602, and the preliminarily purified gas passes through the filter bags 602 and is collected into the outlet pipe shared by the two dust collection chambers 2. A one-way valve on the outlet pipe ensures that the airflow flows in one direction. To prevent interference, the drive motor 605 continues to operate, driving the cam 606 to rotate and periodically compressing the spring 603 connected to the movable frame 601, causing the filter bag 602 to vibrate up and down at high frequency, autonomously cleaning the dust accumulated on its outer surface. On the other hand, the power is transmitted to the worm gear 704 of the second cleaning component 7 through the second transmission wheel 706, belt 707, and first transmission wheel 705, driving the worm gear 702 to drive the striking hammer 703 to rotate at low speed, continuously striking the outer wall of the dust collection chamber 2, shaking off any dust that may be attached to the inner wall of the chamber. The removed dust, guided by the conical structure at the bottom of the dust collection chamber 2, eventually falls into the detachable collection box. The gas, after dust removal, enters the exhaust gas purification stage via the first connecting pipe. The gas first enters the secondary combustion chamber 3, where fuel and combustion air supplied through the combustible gas inlet pipe are ignited, creating a high-temperature environment to completely decompose any remaining organic matter in the gas. Subsequently, the high-temperature gas immediately enters the annular cavity of the quench tower 4, coaxially nested outside the secondary combustion chamber 3, where it undergoes instantaneous and efficient heat exchange with the cooling medium supplied through the water inlet pipe, maintaining a temperature within a certain range. The gas cools down in a very short time, effectively suppressing the formation of dioxins. After rapid cooling, the gas enters the spray tower 501 of the spray assembly 5 from the bottom through the second connecting pipe. Inside the tower, the gas flows from bottom to top and comes into countercurrent contact with the alkaline washing liquid delivered by the water pump 502 and sprayed through the connecting pipe 504 to the upper and lower spray nozzles 503. The multi-layer spray structure greatly increases the contact area and reaction time of the gas and liquid phases, which can efficiently neutralize and remove acidic components and residual odors in the gas. Finally, the deeply purified gas is discharged at the top of the spray tower 501.
[0029] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification, comprising an air inlet pipe (1), characterized in that: A dust removal chamber (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the air inlet pipe (1). A secondary combustion chamber (3) is connected to the side of the dust removal chamber (2) away from the air inlet pipe (1). A quench tower (4) is coaxially nested on the outside of the secondary combustion chamber (3). A spray assembly (5) is connected to the side of the secondary combustion chamber (3) away from the dust removal chamber (2). A first cleaning assembly (6) is provided on the dust removal chamber (2). A second cleaning assembly (7) is provided on the outside of the dust removal chamber (2). The first cleaning component (6) includes a movable frame (601), a cloth bag (602) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable frame (601), a spring (603) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame (601), a fixed frame (604) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring (603), a drive motor (605) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the dust removal chamber (2), and a cam (606) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (605).
2. The lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the air inlet pipe (1) is fixedly connected to a reversing valve (101). There are two dust removal chambers (2) and they are respectively connected to both sides of the reversing valve (101). The side of the air inlet pipe (1) away from the reversing valve (101) is installed above the lithium battery recycling line.
3. The lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the dust removal chamber (2) is tapered and a collection box is detachably installed at its bottom. A visual window is provided on one side of the dust removal chamber (2). An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the two dust removal chambers (2). A first connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the secondary combustion chamber (3) and the exhaust pipe. One-way valves are fixedly connected on both sides of the exhaust pipe and the first connecting pipe.
4. The lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: A combustible gas inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the secondary combustion chamber (3), a water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the quench tower (4), a water outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the quench tower (4), and a second connecting pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the secondary combustion chamber (3), which penetrates the quench tower (4) and is connected to the spray assembly (5).
5. The lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spray assembly (5) includes a spray tower (501) connected to a second connecting pipe. A water pump (502) is fixedly connected to the outside of the spray tower (501). Two layers of spray nozzles (503) are fixedly connected inside the spray tower (501). A connecting pipe (504) connects the water outlet of the water pump (502) to the spray nozzle (503).
6. The lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable frame (601) is slidably connected inside the dust removal chamber (2) and located below the air outlet pipe. The fixed frame (604) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust removal chamber (2). The cloth bag (602) is located inside the fixed frame (604).
7. The lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft of the drive motor (605) extends into the interior of the dust removal chamber (2). The spring (603) is always in a compressed state. When the long shaft end of the cam (606) is in contact with the top surface of the movable frame (601), the spring (603) is compressed to its shortest length.
8. The lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cleaning component (7) includes a protective frame (701), a worm gear (702) is rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the protective frame (701), a hammer (703) is coaxially fixedly connected to the worm gear (702), a worm (704) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective frame (701), a first transmission wheel (705) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the worm (704), a second transmission wheel (706) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the output shaft of the drive motor (605), and a belt (707) is drivingly connected between the first transmission wheel (705) and the second transmission wheel (706).
9. A lithium battery recycling device integrating dust removal and exhaust gas purification according to claim 8, characterized in that: The protective frame (701) is fixedly connected to the outside of the dust collection chamber (2) and located below the drive motor (605). The worm gear (702) is rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the protective frame (701) through a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft extends to the bottom of the protective frame (701) and is fixedly connected to the hammer (703). The hammer (703) contacts the outer wall of the dust collection chamber (2). The worm (704) meshes with the worm gear (702). The second transmission wheel (706) is located directly above the first transmission wheel (705).