Satellite communication test analysis method and system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of communication testing, and more particularly to a satellite communication testing and analysis method and system. The method includes the following steps: an industrial control computer drives a communication terminal to execute an initialization power-on process, periodically sending network access requests to the satellite under test, confirming the validity of the communication protocol configuration, and entering a communication testing state; based on the communication testing state, a communication link validity assessment is performed to obtain link assessment data; the communication terminal sends service communication packets to the satellite under test, collecting reception status information from remote devices; based on the reception status information, a deviation comparison is performed on each service communication packet to obtain communication transmission analysis results; the link assessment data and communication transmission analysis results are statistically analyzed, and a test log is output. This invention improves the accuracy and efficiency of satellite communication testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication testing, and in particular to a satellite communication testing and analysis method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to terrestrial communication systems, satellite communication links are characterized by long transmission distances, large propagation delays, complex channel environments, and significant susceptibility to the space environment. In actual operation, satellite communication systems are susceptible to various factors such as space electromagnetic interference, equipment aging, link attenuation, protocol mismatches, and abnormal terminal states, leading to problems such as communication link instability, data packet loss, transmission errors, or service interruptions. These problems directly impact the efficiency of satellite missions and, in severe cases, may even cause satellite loss of control or failure of critical services. Therefore, comprehensive and accurate testing and analysis of satellite communication systems are crucial. Existing satellite communication testing methods often focus on functional verification or static performance testing of single components, such as testing only link establishment, signal strength, or the results of a single service communication. These testing methods often lack a systematic analysis of the entire communication process and struggle to promptly identify issues between the link layer and the service layer. Some testing methods rely on manual configuration and offline analysis, resulting in low testing efficiency and insufficient real-time performance, failing to meet the needs of complex satellite communication systems for rapid problem location and accurate performance evaluation during commissioning, on-orbit testing, and operation and maintenance phases. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a satellite communication testing and analysis method and system, thereby resolving at least one of the aforementioned technical issues.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a satellite communication test and analysis method, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Based on the industrial control computer, the communication terminal executes the initialization power-on process, periodically sends network access requests to the satellite under test, confirms that the communication protocol configuration is valid, and enters the communication test state; Step S2: Based on the communication test state, perform a communication link effectiveness assessment to obtain link assessment data; Step S3: Send service communication packets to the satellite under test based on the communication terminal, and collect the reception status information of the remote equipment; Step S4: Based on the received status information, perform item-by-item deviation comparison of the service communication packets to obtain the communication transmission analysis results; Step S5: Compile the link evaluation data and communication transmission analysis results, and output the test log.

[0005] This specification provides a satellite communication test and analysis system for performing the satellite communication test and analysis method described above, including: The power-on unit is used to drive the communication terminal to execute the initial power-on process based on the industrial control computer, periodically send network access requests to the satellite under test, confirm the validity of the communication protocol configuration, and enter the communication test state. The link evaluation unit is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the communication link based on the communication test state and obtain link evaluation data. The transmitting unit is used to send service communication packets to the satellite under test based on the communication terminal and to collect the reception status information of the remote equipment. The transmission analysis unit is used to compare the deviations of each service communication packet based on the received status information to obtain the communication transmission analysis results. The log unit is used to collect statistics on the link evaluation data and communication transmission analysis results, and output test logs.

[0006] The specific benefits of this invention are as follows: By using an industrial control computer to uniformly drive the communication terminal to complete the initialization and power-on process, configuration differences caused by manual operation can be avoided, ensuring that each test is conducted under the same system state and parameter conditions, thus improving the comparability and repeatability of test results. Periodically sending network access requests verifies the effectiveness of link protocols, address configurations, and access parameters before formal communication testing, preventing invalid test data due to configuration errors. Only after successfully entering the communication test state does the subsequent link and service testing process begin, avoiding blind testing under conditions of no or weak links and improving overall testing efficiency. Link effectiveness assessment can obtain key indicators such as link establishment success rate, latency, packet loss rate, and signal quality, providing data support for determining whether the satellite communication link meets service transmission requirements. Evaluating the link before service communication helps identify problems such as antenna pointing, power configuration, link attenuation, and interference, preventing underlying link anomalies from being exposed only during the service testing phase. By sending actual service communication packets, the data transmission capabilities of the satellite communication system in engineering applications or mission execution can be accurately reflected. Collecting reception status information from remote devices verifies whether data has successfully traversed the satellite link and been correctly received, enabling complete end-to-end communication testing. This reception status information provides fundamental data support for subsequent item-by-item deviation comparisons, avoiding reliance solely on the sending end to infer communication quality. Item-by-item deviation comparison of service communication packets (e.g., field integrity, order, timing, verification results) accurately identifies issues such as packet loss, incorrect packets, out-of-order delivery, and data corruption. If the link assessment is normal but service data shows deviations, further analysis can pinpoint the problem to protocol parsing, caching, or terminal logic, improving problem localization efficiency. The focus has shifted from "whether communication was successful" to "communication quality and data accuracy analysis," meeting the high reliability testing requirements of satellite communication systems. Link assessment data and communication transmission analysis results are uniformly statistically analyzed and output as test logs, facilitating subsequent reproduction of the testing process and results. These test logs can be used for comparing multiple test results, analyzing link performance trends, and supporting long-term operational reliability assessments. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Fig. 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a satellite communication test and analysis method according to the present invention. Fig. 2 This is a detailed flowchart illustrating the implementation steps of step S1. Fig. 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the detailed implementation steps of step S2. Detailed Implementation

[0008] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0009] This application provides a satellite communication testing and analysis method and system. The execution entities of the satellite communication testing and analysis method and system include, but are not limited to, mechanical equipment, data processing platforms, cloud server nodes, network upload devices, etc., which can be considered as general computing nodes in this application. The data processing platform includes, but is not limited to, at least one of an audio-visual management system, an information management system, and a cloud-based data management system.

[0010] Please see Figs. 1 to 3 This invention provides a satellite communication test and analysis method, including the following steps: Step S1: Based on the industrial control computer, the communication terminal executes the initialization power-on process, periodically sends network access requests to the satellite under test, confirms that the communication protocol configuration is valid, and enters the communication test state; Step S2: Based on the communication test state, perform a communication link effectiveness assessment to obtain link assessment data; Step S3: Send service communication packets to the satellite under test based on the communication terminal, and collect the reception status information of the remote equipment; Step S4: Based on the received status information, perform item-by-item deviation comparison of the service communication packets to obtain the communication transmission analysis results; Step S5: Compile the link evaluation data and communication transmission analysis results, and output the test log.

[0011] In the embodiments of the present invention, see Fig. 1 The diagram below illustrates the steps of a satellite communication test and analysis method according to the present invention. In this example, the steps of the satellite communication test and analysis method include: Step S1: Based on the industrial control computer, the communication terminal executes the initialization power-on process, periodically sends network access requests to the satellite under test, confirms that the communication protocol configuration is valid, and enters the communication test state; In this embodiment, the communication terminal executes an initial power-on process under the control of the industrial control computer, ensuring that each module is powered on and starts up normally. The power-on process adopts a phased power supply strategy, activating the main control module, RF transceiver module, interface module, and protocol processing module sequentially. A delay of 50 to 200 milliseconds is set between each phase to ensure stable module power supply and complete self-test. After power-on, the communication terminal periodically sends network access requests to the satellite under test to establish an initial link and verify the validity of the communication protocol configuration. The network access request includes the terminal identifier, capability parameters, and link initialization information, and the sending period can be set to 100 to 500 milliseconds. The receiving end parses the returned confirmation signal, focusing on whether the protocol fields are correct, whether the link handshake is completed, and whether the communication frame verification passes. When multiple consecutive requests receive valid responses and the communication protocol configuration meets the expected requirements, the communication terminal is determined to enter the communication test state. In this state, the terminal can perform continuous communication tests, and the industrial control computer collects power-on status information, current changes, and interface feedback signals to ensure that the terminal is in a stable operating state throughout the entire link establishment process.

[0012] Step S2: Based on the communication test state, perform a communication link effectiveness assessment to obtain link assessment data; In this embodiment, based on the results of the preceding link establishment, key performance indicators such as link latency, packet loss rate, and end-to-end response consistency are continuously recorded. Link latency is calculated by recording the difference between the request sending time and the acknowledgment return time; packet loss rate is calculated by statistically analyzing the difference between the number of sent data packets and the number of received acknowledgment packets; and response consistency is analyzed by analyzing the stability of multiple consecutive responses. Subsequently, combined with communication path information and network routing tables, the hop count, node order, and dynamic changes of the data forwarding path are analyzed. The link performance indicators and path characteristics are comprehensively evaluated, and a link effectiveness level and link evaluation data are generated through weighted calculation, including the performance score, quality degradation coefficient, and potential risk identifier for each path. During the link effectiveness evaluation process, performance thresholds can be set, such as an average link latency of no more than 800 milliseconds, a packet loss rate of less than 5%, and a response consistency of more than 95%, as the basis for judging link availability.

[0013] Step S3: Send service communication packets to the satellite under test based on the communication terminal, and collect the reception status information of the remote equipment; In this embodiment, the communication terminal periodically sends service communication packets to the satellite under test to simulate actual service transmission characteristics and collect reception status information from remote devices. The service communication packet includes a service identifier, sequence number, payload, and integrity verification field. The packet length can be set to 512 bytes, 1024 bytes, or 2048 bytes, and the transmission interval is generally 100 milliseconds to 500 milliseconds. At least 500 packets are sent to each target address to ensure the validity of statistical data. After receiving the service communication packet, the satellite under test demodulates and recovers the data, then forwards the packet to the remote device, maintaining the integrity of the packet sequence number and timestamp information during forwarding. After receiving the service communication packet, the remote device parses the sequence number, transmission timestamp, and payload content, and records the reception time, verification result, sequence number continuity, and packet integrity. By continuously collecting reception status information, a complete end-to-end service communication record can be formed, including data such as reception order, content consistency, response delay, and abnormal events.

[0014] Step S4: Based on the received status information, perform item-by-item deviation comparison of the service communication packets to obtain the communication transmission analysis results; In this embodiment, the receiving status information of the remote device is used to perform a step-by-step deviation comparison for each service communication packet. Specifically, the sequence number, receiving time, and payload of the received packet are compared with the records of the sending end to determine whether the packet is lost, out of order, or contains content errors, and each type of deviation is marked. For example, a skipped sequence number is identified as a packet loss deviation, an out-of-order sequence number is identified as a sequence offset, and inconsistent data content is identified as a content deviation. Subsequently, statistical analysis is performed on the deviation data to calculate the packet loss ratio, out-of-order magnitude, deviation frequency, and time distribution, forming a complete deviation feature set. By weighting and integrating the deviation feature set, for example, with packet loss ratio and sequence offset having the main weights, and deviation frequency and time distribution as auxiliary indicators, communication transmission analysis results can be generated, including transmission accuracy scores, transmission stability evaluations, and anomaly identification.

[0015] Step S5: Compile the link evaluation data and communication transmission analysis results, and output the test log.

[0016] In this embodiment, data is organized and statistically analyzed chronologically to generate a unified test log. The log includes timestamps, link performance metrics, quality degradation coefficients, service packet transmission accuracy, packet loss rate, sequence offset, and anomaly event identifiers. Timestamp accuracy is controlled at the millisecond level to ensure it reflects the dynamic changes in link and service transmission. During log generation, a rolling update method can be used to output new data in real time while retaining historical records for traceability. The log output period can be set between 50 and 200 milliseconds to match the service packet transmission frequency and link change rate. Through the test log, communication link performance, service transmission accuracy, and anomaly events can be monitored in real time, providing foundational data and decision-making basis for subsequent statistical analysis, trend analysis, and link optimization. This enables end-to-end, visualized, continuous, and accurate data recording in satellite communication test and analysis methods.

[0017] In this embodiment, see Fig. 2 The diagram below illustrates the detailed implementation steps of step S1. In this embodiment, the detailed implementation steps of step S1 include: The initial power-on process is executed by the industrial control computer-driven communication terminal, generating initial protocol interaction signaling. Based on the initial protocol interaction signaling, network access requests are periodically sent to the satellite under test, and the request data is recorded; Calculate the access success rate, retry count, and access timing distribution characteristics of the requested data, and perform connection stability assessment to obtain the protocol connection stability coefficient; The protocol connection stability coefficient is analyzed based on a preset protocol stability threshold. When the protocol connection stability coefficient is not less than the preset protocol stability threshold, the communication protocol configuration is confirmed to be effective, and the communication test state is entered.

[0018] In this embodiment, the industrial control computer (ICC) acts as the control and scheduling unit, driving and configuring the radio frequency (RF) circuit to establish a basic communication connection with the satellite under test. The ICC sets key operating parameters of the RF front-end through a high-speed control interface, including the RF operating frequency band, carrier center frequency, transmit power, and modulation scheme. The RF operating frequency band can be set within the X-band or Ka-band range, the transmit power is generally controlled between 5 dBm and 15 dBm, and QPSK modulation is selected to ensure high robustness during the initial link establishment phase. After parameter configuration, the ICC controls the RF circuit to transmit basic communication signals, including a carrier synchronization sequence, a frame synchronization sequence, and basic communication frames for link detection. The receiving side monitors the returned signals in real time, focusing on carrier lock status, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) changes, and communication frame verification results. When multiple consecutive frames of communication data are verified correctly, and the SNR is consistently higher than a set threshold (e.g., 8 dB), and the carrier remains locked, it is determined that a basic communication connection with the satellite under test has been established. Based on the above detection results, communication connection information is generated to trigger the subsequent communication terminal initialization process. After detecting the communication connection information, the industrial control computer sends an initialization trigger signal to the communication terminal, and the communication terminal executes the initialization power-on process according to the preset power-on sequence. The power-on process adopts a phased power supply method, sequentially powering and activating the main control module, RF transceiver module, interface control module, and protocol processing module. The communication terminal is configured with multiple regulated power supply outputs, including a 5V digital power supply, a 12V RF power supply, and a 3.3V interface control power supply, with the voltage deviation of each power supply controlled within ±2%. During the power-on process, a fixed time delay is set between each module to ensure that the previous module's working state is stable before entering the next stage; the delay time is generally set between 50ms and 200ms. During the power-on process, the power-on status information of the communication terminal is collected synchronously. The current change information is obtained through the current sampling unit, and the sampling frequency is set to above 1 kHz to accurately record the current characteristics during the power-on transient process. The interface status feedback information is obtained by reading the status signals of each functional interface, including RF phase-locked loop indication, communication interface ready status, and internal module self-test feedback.

[0019] The collected power-on status information is comprehensively analyzed to determine whether the communication terminal has completed the initialization power-on process. A time-series analysis of current changes is performed, comparing the actual collected current curve with pre-established standard power-on current characteristics, which include the rated current range and allowable fluctuation range for each power-on stage. For example, the current of the main control module during stable operation remains within approximately 300 mA, with allowable fluctuations not exceeding ±10%; the peak current of the RF module at startup should not exceed 120% of its rated value, and its duration should be less than 10 ms. Subsequently, the interface status feedback information is logically consistent to confirm whether each interface state has switched within the specified time window, such as the RF module entering phase-locked state after power-on, and the communication interface switching from a non-ready state to a ready state. When neither the current change information nor the interface status feedback information shows any abnormal characteristics, and all judgment conditions meet the preset threshold requirements, the communication terminal initialization is deemed complete.

[0020] In this embodiment, the specific steps for generating initial protocol interaction signaling based on the industrial control computer driving the communication terminal to execute the initial power-on process are as follows: The industrial control computer drives the radio frequency circuit to establish a basic communication connection with the satellite under test. Once the communication connection information is detected, the communication terminal is triggered to execute the initial power-on process and collect power-on status information. The power-on status information includes current change information and interface status feedback information; The power-on status information is analyzed and judged. If no abnormal information is detected, the terminal initialization is determined to be complete, and the communication terminal generates the initial protocol interaction signaling.

[0021] In this embodiment, the industrial control computer initializes the RF front-end through a high-speed control interface, configuring key parameters such as carrier center frequency, RF operating frequency band, transmit power, and modulation method. The RF operating frequency band can be set within the X-band or Ka-band range, with the carrier frequency error controlled within ±5 kHz. The transmit power is typically set between 5 dBm and 15 dBm to meet the stability requirements during link establishment. QPSK modulation is used to reduce the difficulty of link synchronization. After parameter configuration, the industrial control computer controls the RF circuit to send basic communication signals, which include a carrier synchronization sequence, a frame synchronization sequence, and basic communication frames for link detection. The receiving end continuously monitors the returned signals, focusing on analyzing the carrier lock state, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) level, and the verification results of the communication frames. When multiple consecutive frames of communication data are verified correctly, and the SNR is stably higher than a set threshold (e.g., 8 dB), and the carrier remains locked, the basic communication connection is determined to be successfully established, and corresponding communication connection information is generated. After detecting the communication connection information, the industrial control computer sends an initialization trigger signal to the communication terminal, and the communication terminal executes the initialization power-on process according to the preset power-on sequence. The power-on process employs a phased power supply approach, sequentially powering and activating the main control processing module, RF transceiver module, interface control module, and protocol processing module. The communication terminal is equipped with multiple regulated power supply outputs, including a 5V digital power supply, a 12V RF power supply, and a 3.3V interface control power supply, with voltage deviations controlled within ±2%. A fixed delay time is set during the power-on process of each module to ensure the previous stage's operating state stabilizes before proceeding to the next stage; this delay time is generally set between 50 ms and 200 ms. During the power-on process, the power-on status information of the communication terminal is synchronously collected. Current change information is acquired through a current sampling unit with a sampling frequency set above 1 kHz to accurately record the current change characteristics during the power-on transient process. Interface status feedback information is obtained by collecting status signals from each functional interface, including RF phase-locked loop indication status, communication interface ready status, and internal module self-test results.

[0022] A time-series analysis is performed on the current change information, comparing the actual collected current curve with a pre-established standard power-on current characteristic, which includes the rated current range and allowable fluctuation range for each power-on stage. For example, the current during the stable operation of the main control module should remain within approximately 300 mA, with an allowable fluctuation of no more than ±10%; the peak current at startup of the RF module should not exceed 120% of the rated value, and its duration should not exceed 10 ms. Subsequently, a logical consistency check is performed on the interface status feedback information to confirm whether each interface state has switched within the specified time window, such as the RF module entering phase-locked state or the communication interface switching from a non-ready state to a ready state. When no abnormal features are detected in the current change information and interface status feedback information, and all judgment conditions meet the preset threshold requirements, the communication terminal initialization is considered complete. After the initialization judgment is completed, the communication terminal generates initial protocol interaction signaling, which includes terminal identification information, capability parameter descriptions, and link initialization request content, used for subsequent protocol layer interaction and communication testing with the satellite under test.

[0023] In this embodiment, see Fig. 3 The diagram below illustrates the detailed implementation steps of step S2. In this embodiment, the detailed implementation steps of step S2 include: Based on the aforementioned communication test state, transmission request tests are performed on different target addresses based on the communication terminal, and test data and network routing tables are collected and uploaded. Calculate the link latency, packet loss rate, and response consistency index of the uploaded test data to obtain link performance data; Based on the uploaded test data, a communication quality degradation analysis is performed to obtain a quality degradation coefficient; Analyze data forwarding paths based on network routing tables; Based on link performance data and quality degradation coefficient, the effectiveness of the communication link is evaluated for the data forwarding path, and link evaluation data is obtained.

[0024] In this embodiment, the communication terminal is in a test state that has completed initialization and has stable communication capabilities. It initiates transmission request tests by configuring multiple different target addresses. Target addresses may include satellite nodes at different orbital positions, ground relay nodes, or communication receivers with different logical identifiers, covering various link scenarios. The communication terminal periodically sends upload test data to each target address according to a preset test strategy. The message length of the test data can be set to various specifications such as 256 bytes, 512 bytes, and 1024 bytes to reflect transmission characteristics under different service load conditions. The transmission request sending period is typically set between 100 ms and 500 ms, and the number of consecutive tests for a single target address is no less than 100 to ensure the validity of data statistics. During transmission, the sending time, receiving confirmation time, and return status of each upload request are recorded, and the upload test data content is completely collected. Simultaneously, the communication terminal obtains the network routing table information involved in the current data forwarding through network layer information. The routing table contains the address identifier, next-hop path, and hop count information of each forwarding node. Statistical analysis is performed on the collected upload test data to calculate several key indicators reflecting the performance of the communication link. Based on the sending time of each upload request and the corresponding response return time, the link latency for a single transmission is calculated. Multiple test results under the same target address are statistically analyzed to obtain the average link latency and the maximum and minimum latency values. Link latency is typically described in milliseconds, and under normal circumstances, the average latency can be controlled within the range of several hundred milliseconds. By comparing the number of uploaded test data sent with the number of actual received response confirmations, the link packet loss rate is calculated. The packet loss rate is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the reliability level of the link during data transmission. Furthermore, by analyzing the stability of multiple response results under the same test conditions, a response consistency index is calculated to measure the degree of fluctuation in the link during continuous transmission. This index can be reflected by the standard deviation of the response latency or the proportion of successful responses. A high response consistency index indicates that the link state is relatively stable.

[0025] Based on the aforementioned collected upload test data and link performance data, the trend of communication quality changes is analyzed to quantify the degree of communication performance degradation relative to the ideal state. Data from the initial stage of the link or the stage with the best performance is selected as a benchmark reference. Link latency, packet loss rate, and response consistency indicators under the benchmark conditions are considered to be at the normal communication quality level. Subsequently, the link performance data for each subsequent time period is compared with the benchmark data to analyze whether there is a continuous increase in link latency, a significant increase in packet loss rate, or a decrease in response consistency. A weighted analysis method is used to comprehensively evaluate multiple performance indicators. Different indicators are assigned different weights according to their impact on communication quality. For example, the weight of link latency is set to 0.4, the weight of packet loss rate is set to 0.4, and the weight of response consistency is set to 0.2. The communication quality degradation coefficient is calculated based on the comprehensive evaluation results. The degradation coefficient can be set between 0 and 1, with a larger value indicating a more significant degree of communication quality degradation. Using the collected network routing table data, the data forwarding path traversed by the uploaded test data during communication is analyzed. By parsing the forwarding node information recorded in the routing table, the order of nodes and the number of forwarding levels traversed by data from the communication terminal to the target address are clarified. The analysis focuses on changes in the number of hops along the path, the location distribution of key relay nodes, and whether there are dynamic path switching phenomena. For example, when the routing table shows that the same target address corresponds to different next-hop nodes in different segments, it indicates that the data forwarding path has been adjusted. Further analysis, combined with link performance data, analyzes the differences in link latency and packet loss rate under different forwarding paths to identify key nodes or path segments that significantly impact communication performance.

[0026] By comprehensively correlating link performance data, communication quality degradation coefficients, and data forwarding path analysis results, the effectiveness of communication links for each data forwarding path is evaluated. For each forwarding path, its corresponding average link latency, packet loss rate, and response consistency indicators are summarized, and the performance trend of the path under continuous communication conditions is judged in conjunction with the communication quality degradation coefficient. When the link latency of a certain path exceeds a set threshold (e.g., 800 ms), the packet loss rate exceeds 5%, and the quality degradation coefficient continues to rise, the communication link effectiveness of that path can be determined to be low. Conversely, when the link performance indicators remain stable and the quality degradation coefficient is low, the path is considered to have high communication reliability and stability. Through the above evaluation method, corresponding link evaluation data is generated for different data forwarding paths, including path effectiveness level, performance stability evaluation, and potential risk identification.

[0027] In this embodiment, the specific steps for performing communication quality degradation analysis based on the uploaded test data to obtain the quality degradation coefficient are as follows: Based on the uploaded test data, communication paths to different target addresses are identified; Calculate the real-time bit error rate of the communication path; The real-time bit error rate was analyzed to obtain the trend of bit error rate change; Determine the throughput attenuation rate and link interruption risk of the communication path; Based on the trend of bit error rate change, throughput attenuation rate and link interruption risk, communication quality degradation analysis is performed to obtain the quality degradation coefficient.

[0028] In this embodiment, communication paths corresponding to different target addresses are identified and distinguished based on the uploaded test data collected during the preceding transmission request test. The uploaded test data includes the target address identifier, data transmission and reception time information, and related identifiers of forwarding nodes. By parsing this information, a correspondence between the target address and the communication path can be established. Specifically, multiple uploaded test data under the same target address are categorized, and the order of forwarding nodes and hop count characteristics during data transmission are analyzed. When the node sequence remains consistent across multiple tests, it can be determined that the target address corresponds to a stable communication path. The number of forwarding nodes involved in a communication path typically ranges from 2 to 6 hops, with differences in hop count and node distribution across different paths. For cases involving path changes, path switching behavior is identified by comparing the node sequence within different segments, thereby distinguishing between the primary and backup paths. Based on the identified communication paths, the real-time bit error rate (BER) of each path is calculated. The BER reflects the proportion of bit errors that occur during data transmission and is an important indicator for measuring communication quality. The specific implementation involves verifying and comparing the payload in the uploaded test data, and determining the bit consistency between the received and sent data based on the verification result. For each transmission request, the number of erroneous bits is counted based on the verification result returned by the receiving end, and this count is compared with the total number of bits in that transmission to calculate the bit error rate (BER) for a single transmission. Real-time BER calculation is typically performed using a sliding time window method, such as a statistical period of 1 second or 5 seconds. Multiple transmissions within this time window are summarized to obtain the real-time BER value at the corresponding time point. In terms of parameter settings, the length of a single uploaded test data session can be set to 1024 bytes, corresponding to 8192 bits, facilitating accurate BER calculation.

[0029] The real-time bit error rate (BER) sequence obtained in the preceding steps is analyzed to extract the overall trend of BER changes. The real-time BER data is then processed into a time series, arranging the BER values ​​of each sampling point in chronological order to eliminate the influence of outliers on the overall assessment. Subsequently, trend analysis methods are used to evaluate the BER changes; for example, by calculating the average BER and slope changes within a continuous time window, it is determined whether the BER is in a stable state, a slowly rising state, or a rapidly deteriorating state. When the BER remains at 10% for a relatively long period...-6 Up to 10 -5 Within a certain range, the communication quality can be considered relatively stable; however, as the bit error rate gradually increases and approaches 10... -4 When the error rate is on the order of magnitude, it indicates a significant decline in link quality. By comparing and analyzing the changes in bit error rate (BER) across different time periods, a trend indicator of BER change can be extracted to describe the reliability evolution of the communication path during continuous operation. Combining the BER changes of the communication path, the throughput attenuation rate and link outage risk are determined. Throughput is measured by the amount of data successfully transmitted per unit time, typically expressed in kbps or Mbps. The actual throughput is calculated by statistically analyzing the total amount of successfully received uploaded test data within a given window and comparing it with the theoretical maximum transmission capacity. When the BER increases, the number of retransmissions increases, leading to a decrease in effective throughput. By analyzing throughput changes over continuous time periods, the throughput attenuation rate can be calculated, for example, described as a percentage decrease in throughput per minute. The link outage risk is assessed by analyzing whether there are consecutive transmission failures, prolonged periods without effective response, or sudden increases in BER in the communication path. When the number of consecutive failures exceeds a threshold (e.g., more than 5 times) within a set time window, and the BER reaches an unacceptable level, the communication path is considered to have a high risk of link outage.

[0030] This study comprehensively analyzes multiple indicators, including bit error rate (BER) trends, throughput attenuation rates, and link outage risk, to quantitatively assess the overall communication quality degradation of the communication path. The degree of link channel quality degradation is determined based on the BER trend, and the decline in communication efficiency is assessed by combining this with the throughput attenuation rate. Link outage risk is introduced as a stability evaluation factor. A weighted fusion method is used to comprehensively calculate each indicator, assigning different weights based on their impact on communication quality. For example, the weight for the BER trend is set to 0.4, the weight for the throughput attenuation rate is set to 0.35, and the weight for the link outage risk is set to 0.25. A quality degradation coefficient is generated based on the comprehensive calculation results. The quality degradation coefficient can be set to a range of 0 to 1, with values ​​closer to 1 indicating more significant communication quality degradation.

[0031] In this embodiment, step S3 includes the following steps: Sending service communication packets to the satellite under test based on the communication terminal; After receiving the service communication packet, the satellite under test forwards it to the remote equipment; Identify the service communication information received by the remote device; Based on the analysis of the information sending order, received content, and received response timestamps of the business communication information, the receiving status information is obtained.

[0032] In this embodiment, after confirming basic communication capabilities, the communication terminal sends service communication packets to the satellite under test according to a preset service communication test strategy. The service communication packets simulate data transmission characteristics under real-world service scenarios, and their structure typically includes a service identifier field, a sequence number field, payload data, and an integrity verification field. The payload length of the service communication packets can be set to 512 bytes, 1024 bytes, or 2048 bytes to cover different service load conditions. The communication terminal sets the sending cycle according to service test requirements, for example, sending a service communication packet every 100 ms, with a continuous sending quantity of no less than 500 packets to ensure sufficient time span in the service communication process. During transmission, the communication terminal attaches a unique sending sequence number and sending timestamp to each service communication packet. The sequence number is generated in an incrementing manner for subsequent sequence identification and loss analysis. The sending timestamp accuracy can be controlled at the millisecond level to meet latency analysis requirements. After receiving the service communication packets from the communication terminal, the satellite under test forwards the service communication packets to the remote device according to a predetermined data forwarding mechanism. The satellite under test performs necessary signal demodulation and data recovery processing on the received service communication packets to ensure the integrity and identifiability of the service data content. Subsequently, according to the communication path configuration, the service communication packets are transmitted to the corresponding remote equipment via inter-satellite links or satellite-to-ground links. During the forwarding process, the core service fields, sequence numbers, and timestamp information of the service communication packets remain unchanged to ensure the accuracy of end-to-end consistency analysis. The bandwidth parameters of the forwarding link can be set in the range of hundreds of kbps to several Mbps, with the specific value adjusted according to the service type. During the forwarding process, some processing latency and queuing latency may be introduced, which are generally controlled within the range of tens to hundreds of milliseconds.

[0033] The remote device parses and identifies received service communication packets to extract valid service communication information. During the receiving link, the remote device performs data verification on the service communication packets to confirm that no unrecoverable errors have occurred in the data content. Subsequently, it parses key fields such as the sequence number, service identifier, and sending timestamp in the service communication packets and associates them with the receiving timestamp. During the identification process, checking the continuity of the sequence number can determine if there are any lost, out-of-order, or duplicate service communication packets. For the payload content, the remote device can use an integrity comparison method to confirm that the received service data is consistent with the sender's expected content. The remote device generates a corresponding receiving record for each successfully identified service communication packet, including the receiving sequence number, receiving time, service data length, and verification result. Through the above identification process, a complete set of service communication reception information is formed. Based on the service communication information identified by the remote device, the reception status of the service communication process is comprehensively analyzed. According to the sequence number of the service communication packets, the sending order is compared with the receiving order to determine if there are any out-of-order receptions or packet losses, and the out-of-order ratio and packet loss ratio are statistically analyzed. Secondly, a consistency analysis is performed on the received content, comparing the received payload with the expected data from the sender to confirm whether there are any missing or incorrect data. Next, by comparing the sending and receiving timestamps, the end-to-end transmission delay of each service communication packet is calculated, and statistical analysis is performed on multiple service communication results to obtain the average response time, maximum response time, and response time fluctuation range. For example, the end-to-end response time can be concentrated in the range of 500ms to 1500ms. Through comprehensive analysis of the sending order, received content, and received response timestamps, receiving status information is generated. This receiving status information reflects the timeliness, completeness, and reliability of the service communication during transmission.

[0034] In this embodiment, step S4 includes the following steps: Based on the received status information, the service communication packets are compared item by item for deviation, and the received deviation data is marked. Calculate the frequency, missing proportion, sequence offset, and time distribution of the received bias data to obtain the bias feature set; Communication data transmission accuracy is analyzed based on the deviation feature set, and the communication transmission analysis results are obtained.

[0035] In this embodiment, based on the reception status information generated by the remote device, the reception status of each service communication packet is compared item by item for deviation. Specifically, the sequence number, reception timestamp, and payload content in the reception status information are matched one by one with the original record of the service communication packet from the sending end, sequentially determining whether there is packet loss, out-of-order delivery, or content errors. For each unexpected reception record, it is marked as reception deviation data, and the deviation type and degree are recorded. For example, when the service communication packet sequence number skips, it is marked as packet loss deviation; when the sequence number order is abnormal but the data is complete, it is marked as order offset deviation; when the payload comparison fails, it is marked as content deviation. The reception deviation data records the time point of the deviation and the receiver's response time for subsequent deviation statistics and time-series analysis. Statistical analysis is performed on the marked reception deviation data to extract the deviation feature set. The deviation frequency is calculated, i.e., the number of deviations occurring within a unit of time or a unit number of service communication packets, to measure the overall pattern of deviation occurrence. Secondly, the missing proportion is calculated, reflecting the link reliability by statistically analyzing the proportion of packet loss types in the reception deviation data to the total number of service communication packets. Subsequently, the sequence offset characteristics were analyzed. By statistically analyzing the proportion and magnitude of data with misaligned sequences, the degree of data disorder during transmission was quantified. Finally, the deviation data was distributed according to timestamps to generate time distribution curves, which were used to observe the concentration or dispersion of deviations during the testing process, such as whether the deviations were concentrated during peak link load periods or specific transmission windows. Through the above statistical methods, a complete set of deviation features was obtained, including key indicators such as frequency, missing proportion, sequence offset, and time distribution, providing basic information for quantitatively describing the accuracy of communication data transmission.

[0036] A comprehensive analysis of communication data transmission accuracy is performed using a deviation feature set to generate communication transmission analysis results. The analysis method involves weighting and integrating different deviation indicators; for example, missing proportion and sequence offset have the main weights, while deviation frequency and temporal distribution serve as auxiliary weights, to calculate a comprehensive transmission accuracy score. During the analysis, threshold criteria can be set. For instance, a high transmission accuracy is considered when the missing proportion is below 0.5% and the sequence offset is less than two service communication packets; a significant decrease in transmission accuracy is considered when the missing proportion exceeds 2% or the sequence offset exceeds five packets. Furthermore, trend analysis of the deviation's temporal distribution can assess the link's stability and reliability within different windows, thereby determining the link's performance under high load or transient interference conditions.

[0037] In this embodiment, step S5 includes the following steps: The timestamps of the link evaluation data and communication transmission analysis results are statistically analyzed. Based on the timestamps, time-series fitting of the test data is performed to obtain a test record table; Test logs are output in real time based on the test record table.

[0038] In this embodiment, the previously generated link evaluation data and communication transmission analysis results are organized and categorized, with a focus on statistically analyzing the timestamp information corresponding to each data point. Link evaluation data includes the effectiveness level of the communication path, link performance indicators, quality degradation coefficients, etc., while communication transmission analysis results include information such as service communication packet transmission accuracy indicators, packet loss ratio, sequence offset magnitude, and end-to-end response time. For each data point, the specific time of its generation or measurement is recorded, with timestamp precision set at the millisecond level to meet the needs of refined analysis of rapidly changing links. During data statistics, various types of information are integrated according to chronological order to ensure that each link evaluation data point or transmission analysis result corresponds one-to-one with its corresponding time point. Various types of data are arranged in chronological order, and interpolation or smoothing methods are used to fill in missing data points to ensure the integrity of the record table within a continuous time range. During the fitting process, linear interpolation or moving average methods can be selected to smoothly connect data between adjacent time points to reduce the impact of sudden abnormal data on the overall trend. For example, when link evaluation data is collected every 500 ms and service transmission analysis data is collected every 100 ms, linear interpolation can be used on the link evaluation data to correspond to the time points of high-frequency service transmission data, thereby generating a unified time-series record. The test record table includes fields such as timestamp, link performance indicators, quality degradation coefficient, service transmission accuracy, and deviation characteristics, retaining the original identification information of each data entry. Each data entry in the record table is read sequentially in chronological order, and log records are generated in a unified format, including timestamp, link evaluation result, quality degradation coefficient, service transmission accuracy, deviation indicators, and anomaly alerts. A rolling log mode can be used for output, meaning the log file is continuously updated as new data is generated, preserving historical records and ensuring complete tracking of the link evolution process. The log output period can be set from 50 ms to 200 ms to match the link change rate and service transmission frequency, ensuring timely capture of instantaneous events such as link anomalies or decreased transmission accuracy. Furthermore, a statistical analysis interface can be implemented through the log records to summarize key indicators such as link performance fluctuations, packet loss, and sequence offsets in real time.

[0039] In this embodiment, a satellite communication test and analysis system is provided for performing the satellite communication test and analysis method described above, including: The power-on unit is used to drive the communication terminal to execute the initial power-on process based on the industrial control computer, periodically send network access requests to the satellite under test, confirm the validity of the communication protocol configuration, and enter the communication test state. The link evaluation unit is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the communication link based on the communication test state and obtain link evaluation data. The transmitting unit is used to send service communication packets to the satellite under test based on the communication terminal and to collect the reception status information of the remote equipment. The transmission analysis unit is used to compare the deviations of each service communication packet based on the received status information to obtain the communication transmission analysis results. The log unit is used to collect statistics on the link evaluation data and communication transmission analysis results, and output test logs.

[0040] Therefore, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the application are intended to be included within the invention.

[0041] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein are implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the invention herein.

Claims

1. A satellite communication test and analysis method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Based on the industrial control computer, the communication terminal executes the initialization power-on process, periodically sends network access requests to the satellite under test, confirms that the communication protocol configuration is valid, and enters the communication test state; Step S2: Based on the communication test state, perform a communication link effectiveness assessment to obtain link assessment data; Step S3: Send service communication packets to the satellite under test based on the communication terminal, and collect the reception status information of the remote equipment; Step S4: Based on the received status information, perform item-by-item deviation comparison of the service communication packets to obtain the communication transmission analysis results; Step S5: Compile the link evaluation data and communication transmission analysis results, and output the test log.

2. The satellite communication test and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S1 are as follows: The initial power-on process is executed by the industrial control computer-driven communication terminal, generating initial protocol interaction signaling. Based on the initial protocol interaction signaling, network access requests are periodically sent to the satellite under test, and the request data is recorded; Calculate the access success rate, retry count, and access timing distribution characteristics of the requested data, and perform connection stability assessment to obtain the protocol connection stability coefficient; The protocol connection stability coefficient is analyzed based on a preset protocol stability threshold. When the protocol connection stability coefficient is not less than the preset protocol stability threshold, the communication protocol configuration is confirmed to be effective, and the communication test state is entered.

3. The satellite communication test and analysis method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The network access request includes a dial-up request, a network confirmation response, and the generation of a virtual network card.

4. The satellite communication test and analysis method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific steps for generating initial protocol interaction signaling by executing the initial power-on process based on the industrial control computer-driven communication terminal are as follows: The industrial control computer drives the radio frequency circuit to establish a basic communication connection with the satellite under test. Once the communication connection information is detected, the communication terminal is triggered to execute the initial power-on process and collect power-on status information. The power-on status information includes current change information and interface status feedback information; The power-on status information is analyzed and judged. If no abnormal information is detected, the terminal initialization is determined to be complete, and the communication terminal generates the initial protocol interaction signaling.

5. The satellite communication test and analysis method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S2 are as follows: Based on the aforementioned communication test state, transmission request tests are performed on different target addresses based on the communication terminal, and test data and network routing tables are collected and uploaded. Calculate the link latency, packet loss rate, and response consistency index of the uploaded test data to obtain link performance data; Based on the uploaded test data, a communication quality degradation analysis is performed to obtain a quality degradation coefficient; Analyze data forwarding paths based on network routing tables; Based on link performance data and quality degradation coefficient, the effectiveness of the communication link is evaluated for the data forwarding path, and link evaluation data is obtained.

6. The satellite communication test and analysis method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific steps for performing communication quality degradation analysis based on the uploaded test data to obtain the quality degradation coefficient are as follows: Based on the uploaded test data, communication paths to different target addresses are identified; Calculate the real-time bit error rate of the communication path; The real-time bit error rate was analyzed to obtain the trend of bit error rate change; Determine the throughput attenuation rate and link interruption risk of the communication path; Based on the trend of bit error rate change, throughput attenuation rate and link interruption risk, communication quality degradation analysis is performed to obtain the quality degradation coefficient.

7. The satellite communication test and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S3 are as follows: Sending service communication packets to the satellite under test based on the communication terminal; After receiving the service communication packet, the satellite under test forwards it to the remote equipment; Identify the service communication information received by the remote device; Based on the analysis of the information sending order, received content, and received response timestamps of the business communication information, the receiving status information is obtained.

8. The satellite communication test and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S4 are as follows: Based on the received status information, the service communication packets are compared item by item for deviation, and the received deviation data is marked. Calculate the frequency, missing proportion, sequence offset, and time distribution of the received bias data to obtain the bias feature set; Communication data transmission accuracy is analyzed based on the deviation feature set, and the communication transmission analysis results are obtained.

9. The satellite communication test and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S5 are as follows: The timestamps of the link evaluation data and communication transmission analysis results are statistically analyzed. Based on the timestamps, time-series fitting of the test data is performed to obtain a test record table; Test logs are output in real time based on the test record table.

10. A satellite communication test and analysis system, characterized in that, For performing the satellite communication test and analysis method as described in claim 1, including: The power-on unit is used to drive the communication terminal to execute the initial power-on process based on the industrial control computer, periodically send network access requests to the satellite under test, confirm the validity of the communication protocol configuration, and enter the communication test state. The link evaluation unit is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the communication link based on the communication test state and obtain link evaluation data. The transmitting unit is used to send service communication packets to the satellite under test based on the communication terminal and to collect the reception status information of the remote equipment. The transmission analysis unit is used to compare the deviations of each service communication packet based on the received status information to obtain the communication transmission analysis results. The log unit is used to collect statistics on the link evaluation data and communication transmission analysis results, and output test logs.

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