A regional tobacco planting irrigation system

Abstract

The application discloses a regional tobacco planting irrigation system and relates to the technical field of agricultural planting. The system comprises a bottom plate, a fixed frame is arranged at the front end of the bottom plate, four fertilizer boxes are arranged at the upper end of the fixed frame, a mixing box is arranged at the front end of the bottom plate below the fixed frame, the four fertilizer boxes are connected with the mixing box through connecting pipes one respectively, a connecting water pipe is arranged at one end of the fertilizer box, a dispersing pipe is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer box through a pipeline, a plurality of fertilizing pipes are arranged on the surface of the dispersing pipe in a circumferential array, a backflushing filter assembly is arranged at one end of the fertilizing pipe, and a layered capillary tube network is connected with one end of the backflushing filter assembly through a connecting pipe two. The application can be used for individual nutrient allocation according to the soil fertility difference and the tobacco growth situation of different regions through the independent storage of the multi-nutrient fertilizer box and the precise controllable electromagnetic valve, the problem of nutrient excess or deficiency caused by the traditional unified mixing mode is avoided, the consistency of tobacco growth is effectively improved, and the tobacco grade and quality are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, specifically a regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system. Background Technology

[0002] The supply of soil moisture and nutrients requires extremely high precision throughout the tobacco growth cycle. The water and fertilizer requirements differ significantly during the seedling, vigorous growth, and maturity stages. Furthermore, the main tobacco-producing areas, such as mountainous and hilly regions, have issues such as terrain differences and soil fertility heterogeneity. Therefore, precise water and fertilizer supply is the core key to ensuring tobacco yield and quality.

[0003] Currently, while drip irrigation systems have replaced traditional flood and furrow irrigation methods in tobacco cultivation, they still have the following drawbacks: The water and fertilizer mixture in tobacco irrigation systems often adopts a uniform mixing and equal-volume delivery model across the entire plot. This fails to provide personalized nutrient adjustments based on differences in soil fertility and uneven tobacco growth in different areas within the plot. This easily leads to nutrient excess in fertile areas and nutrient deficiency in infertile areas, resulting in poor tobacco growth uniformity and affecting the grade and quality of the tobacco leaves. Furthermore, the irrigation water in tobacco fields contains silt, weed residue, and fertilizer crystals and flocculation can easily form in the water-fertilizer mixture. For tobacco drip irrigation systems, the existing filtration equipment is mostly a fixed grid or filter structure, which can only achieve single-pass unidirectional filtration. After a period of use, impurities easily accumulate on the surface of the filter, causing blockages, resulting in unbalanced pipeline pressure and uneven water output from the drippers. After blockage, manual disassembly, cleaning, or replacement of filter components is required, which is inconvenient. At the same time, the capillary network of existing tobacco drip irrigation systems is mostly a single-layer surface laying or shallow buried structure with fixed pipe diameter and spacing. It can only transport water and fertilizer in a single area of ​​the tobacco root system, which cannot adapt to the stratified growth characteristics of tobacco, which involves "shallow water absorption during the seedling stage and deep taproot water absorption during the vigorous growth stage and maturity stage". Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system, comprising a base plate, the base plate being L-shaped, a fixing frame installed at the front end of the base plate, four fertilizer boxes installed at the upper end of the fixing frame, a mixing box installed at the front end of the base plate below the fixing frame, the four fertilizer boxes being connected to the mixing box via connecting pipes, a connecting water pipe installed at one end of each fertilizer box, a dispersing pipe installed at the lower end of each fertilizer box via a pipe, a plurality of fertilizer application pipes being installed in a circumferential array on the surface of the dispersing pipe, a backwashing filter assembly installed at one end of each fertilizer application pipe, and a layered capillary network connected at one end of each backwashing filter assembly via a connecting pipe.

[0006] Preferably, a stirring motor is installed at one end of the mixing tank, and a stirring shaft is installed at the output end of the stirring motor and inside the mixing tank. Several stirring plates are installed on the surface of the stirring shaft. By controlling the stirring motor to rotate, the stirring motor drives the stirring plates to rotate through the stirring shaft, so that different nutrients and water sources are fully mixed to form a uniform water-fertilizer mixture.

[0007] Preferably, the backwashing filter assembly includes a mounting shell, a filter plate, a drive motor, and a drain pipe. A mounting shell is installed at one end of each fertilizer pipe. A rotating groove is provided inside the mounting shell. A drive motor is installed at the upper end of the mounting shell. A filter plate is installed at the output end of the drive motor, located inside the rotating groove. A drain pipe is installed at the bottom of the mounting shell on one side of the filter plate. The filter plate is used to intercept impurities such as mud and fertilizer crystals in the fertilizer solution, ensuring the capillary network remains unobstructed. In actual use, the fertilizer mixture is filtered through the filter plate and then enters the layered capillary network through the second connecting pipe for irrigation, thus achieving filtration of the fertilizer mixture. When the filter plate needs to be cleaned periodically, the drive motor rotates, causing the filter plate to rotate 180°, so that the end of the filter plate containing impurities is located near the second connecting pipe. The drain pipe is then opened, and the fertilizer mixture backwashes the impurities on the filter plate, flushing them off and achieving the backwashing function of the filter plate.

[0008] Preferably, the drain pipe is located on the side of the filter plate near the layered capillary network. Both the drain pipe and the connecting pipe are equipped with a solenoid valve. During normal irrigation, the solenoid valve of the connecting pipe is open and the solenoid valve of the drain pipe is closed. During backwashing, the solenoid valve of the connecting pipe is closed and the solenoid valve of the drain pipe is open. The drive motor drives the filter plate to rotate, and the residual pressure of the pipeline backwashes the impurities on the filter plate and discharges them through the drain pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the layered capillary network includes a shallow capillary network, a deep capillary network, mist-irrigation drippers, and spot-irrigation drippers. One end of the connecting pipe 2 is connected to two connecting pipes 3 via a tee connector. One end of each of the two connecting pipes 3 is connected to the shallow capillary network and the deep capillary network, respectively. Several mist-irrigation drippers are installed on the shallow capillary network, and several spot-irrigation drippers are installed on the deep capillary network. The shallow capillary network is buried at a depth of -cm from the ground surface, suitable for the shallow root system of tobacco seedlings. The deep capillary network is buried at a depth of -cm from the ground surface, suitable for the deep taproot of tobacco during its vigorous growth / maturity stage. The mist-irrigation drippers installed on the shallow capillary network form a fine water mist to moisten the shallow root system and prevent root rot. The spot-irrigation drippers installed on the deep capillary network precisely supply water and fertilizer to the taproot area, improving absorption efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, a solenoid valve is installed on each of the three connecting pipes. The solenoid valve independently controls the start and stop and flow of the two layers of capillary networks, so as to realize layered irrigation and accurately adapt to the water and fertilizer requirements of tobacco at different growth stages.

[0011] Preferably, solenoid valve three is installed on the connecting pipe one and the fertilizer pipe respectively. Solenoid valve three on the connecting pipe one controls the amount of each nutrient to be added, so as to achieve precise ratio; solenoid valve three on the fertilizer pipe controls the start and stop of water and fertilizer supply in each irrigation zone.

[0012] Preferably, the four fertilizer boxes contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element fertilizers respectively, to meet the nutrient needs of tobacco throughout its growth cycle and provide multiple nutrient sources for precise formulation.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. This regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system, through the setting of independently stored multi-nutrient fertilizer tanks and precise controllable solenoid valves, can personalize the nutrient ratio according to the differences in soil fertility and tobacco growth in different regions. This avoids the problem of nutrient excess or deficiency caused by the traditional uniform mixing mode, effectively improves the uniformity of tobacco growth, and ensures the grade and quality of tobacco leaves.

[0015] 2. This regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system, by setting up a rotating filter plate and an automatic backwashing structure, can clean the filter screen regularly without manual disassembly, solving the pain points of easy clogging and cumbersome maintenance of traditional fixed filter equipment. It avoids irrigation interruptions caused by downtime maintenance, greatly reduces field management costs, and ensures the continuity and stability of irrigation operations.

[0016] 3. This regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system features a dual-layer independent capillary network design, with shallow capillary networks used for mist irrigation during the seedling stage and deep capillary networks used for spot irrigation during the vigorous growth and maturity stages. This precisely matches the growth patterns of tobacco seedlings, which absorb water from the shallow layer, and the tobacco roots, which absorb water from the deep layer during the vigorous growth stage. This avoids problems such as root floating and water and fertilizer evaporation and leakage caused by traditional single-layer networks, significantly improving water and fertilizer absorption efficiency and resource utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a side cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the backwash fine filter assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dispersion tube of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Fixing frame; 3. Fertilizer box; 4. Mixing box; 5. Connecting pipe one; 6. Connecting water pipe; 7. Dispersion pipe; 8. Fertilizer application pipe; 11. Stirring motor; 12. Stirring shaft; 13. Stirring plate; 14. Connecting pipe two; 15. Rotating groove; 16. Solenoid valve one; 17. Solenoid valve two; 18. Solenoid valve three; 19. Connecting pipe three; 901. Mounting shell; 902. Filter plate; 903. Drive motor; 904. Sewage pipe; 1001. Shallow capillary network; 1002. Deep capillary network; 1003. Fog irrigation dripper; 1004. Spot irrigation dripper. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system of this embodiment includes a base plate 1, which is L-shaped and serves as the foundation for the entire system. A fixing frame 2 is installed at the front end of the base plate 1 to support and fix four fertilizer tanks 3, ensuring the stability of the fertilizer tanks 3. Four fertilizer tanks 3 are installed on the upper part of the fixing frame 2. The fertilizer tanks 3 store nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrient fertilizers respectively, realizing independent storage of multiple nutrients and providing a basis for precise proportioning. A mixing tank 4 is installed at the front end of the base plate 1 below the fixing frame 2. The mixing tank 4 receives the nutrients delivered by the different fertilizer tanks 3 and mixes them evenly to form a water-fertilizer mixture suitable for tobacco growth. The four fertilizer tanks 3 are connected to the mixing tank 4 through connecting pipes 5, which deliver the nutrients to the mixing tank 4. The solenoid valves 18 on the pipeline can independently control the flow rate of each nutrient. To achieve precise mixing, a water pipe 6 is installed at one end of the fertilizer tank 3, which connects to the irrigation water source to provide a basic water source for water and fertilizer mixing. A dispersing pipe 7 is installed at the lower end of the fertilizer tank 3 through a pipeline. The dispersing pipe 7 evenly distributes the mixed water and fertilizer solution to multiple fertilizer application pipes 8 to ensure consistent water and fertilizer supply in each zone. Several fertilizer application pipes 8 are installed in a circumferential array on the surface of the dispersing pipe 7. Each fertilizer application pipe 8 corresponds to an independent irrigation zone and delivers the water and fertilizer solution to the backwashing filter components in each zone. A backwashing filter component is installed at one end of each fertilizer application pipe 8. The backwashing filter component filters impurities in the water and fertilizer solution and has an automatic backwashing function to avoid clogging. One end of the backwashing filter component is connected to a layered capillary network through a connecting pipe 14 to achieve layered targeted delivery of water and fertilizer solution, adapting to the root water absorption characteristics of tobacco at different growth stages.

[0026] Specifically, a stirring motor 11 is installed at one end of the mixing tank 4. A stirring shaft 12 is installed at the output end of the stirring motor 11 and inside the mixing tank 4. Several stirring plates 13 are installed on the surface of the stirring shaft 12. By controlling the stirring motor 11 to rotate, the stirring motor 11 drives the stirring plates 13 to rotate through the stirring shaft 12, so that different nutrients and water sources are fully mixed to form a uniform water-fertilizer mixture.

[0027] Furthermore, the backwashing filter assembly includes a mounting housing 901, a filter plate 902, a drive motor 903, and a drain pipe 904. A mounting housing 901 is installed at one end of each fertilizer pipe 8. A rotating groove 15 is provided inside the mounting housing 901. A drive motor 903 is installed at the upper end of the mounting housing 901. A filter plate 902 is installed at the output end of the drive motor 903, located inside the rotating groove 15. A drain pipe 904 is installed at the bottom end of the mounting housing 901 on one side of the filter plate 902. The filter plate 902 is used to intercept impurities such as silt and fertilizer crystals in the fertilizer solution, ensuring the smooth flow of the capillary network. During use, the water-fertilizer mixture is filtered through the filter plate 902 and then enters the layered capillary network through the connecting pipe 14 for irrigation, thus achieving the filtration of the water-fertilizer mixture. When the filter plate 902 needs to be cleaned periodically, the drive motor 903 rotates, causing the filter plate 902 to rotate 180°, so that the end of the filter plate 902 containing impurities is located near the connecting pipe 14, and the drain pipe 904 is opened. The water-fertilizer mixture backwashes the impurities on the filter plate 902, which can wash the impurities off the filter plate 902, thus realizing the backwashing function of the filter plate 902.

[0028] Furthermore, the drain pipe 904 is located on the side of the filter plate 902 near the layered capillary network. Both the drain pipe 904 and the connecting pipe 14 are equipped with solenoid valves 16. During normal irrigation, the solenoid valve 16 of the connecting pipe 14 is open and the solenoid valve 16 of the drain pipe 904 is closed. During backwashing, the solenoid valve 16 of the connecting pipe 14 is closed and the solenoid valve 16 of the drain pipe 904 is open. The drive motor 903 drives the filter plate 902 to rotate, and the residual pressure of the pipeline backwashes the impurities on the filter plate 902 and discharges them through the drain pipe 904.

[0029] Furthermore, the layered capillary network includes a shallow capillary network 1001, a deep capillary network 1002, a mist-irrigation dripper 1003, and a spot-irrigation dripper 1004. One end of the connecting pipe 2 14 is connected to two connecting pipes 3 19 via a tee connector. One end of each connecting pipe 3 19 is connected to the shallow capillary network 1001 and the deep capillary network 1002, respectively. Several mist-irrigation drippers 1003 are installed on the shallow capillary network 1001, and several spot-irrigation drippers 1004 are installed on the deep capillary network 1002. The dripper 1004 and shallow capillary network 1001 are buried 10-15cm from the ground surface, suitable for the shallow root system of tobacco seedlings. The deep capillary network 1002 is buried 25-30cm from the ground surface, suitable for the deep taproot of tobacco during the vigorous growth / maturity period. The mist irrigation dripper 1003 is installed in the shallow capillary network 1001 to form a fine water mist to moisten the shallow root system and prevent root rot. The spot irrigation dripper 1004 is installed in the deep capillary network 1002 to accurately supply water and fertilizer to the taproot area and improve absorption efficiency.

[0030] Furthermore, solenoid valves 17 are installed on the connecting pipe 3 19. Solenoid valves 17 independently control the start and stop and flow of the two layers of capillary networks, enabling stratified irrigation and precisely adapting to the water and fertilizer requirements of tobacco at different growth stages.

[0031] Furthermore, solenoid valves 3 and 18 are installed on the connecting pipe 5 and the fertilizer pipe 8 respectively. The solenoid valve 3 and 18 on the connecting pipe 5 controls the amount of each nutrient to be added, so as to achieve precise ratio; the solenoid valve 3 and 18 on the fertilizer pipe 8 controls the start and stop of water and fertilizer supply in each irrigation zone.

[0032] Furthermore, the four fertilizer boxes 3 contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrient fertilizers respectively, meeting the nutrient needs of tobacco throughout its growth cycle and providing multiple nutrient sources for precise formulation.

[0033] The usage method of this embodiment is as follows: Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace element fertilizers are added to the four fertilizer tanks 3 respectively, and the irrigation water source is connected through the water pipe 6. According to the current growth stage of tobacco and soil testing data, the ratio of each nutrient, the flow parameters of the irrigation zone, and the activation logic of the deep and shallow capillary networks are set at the system control terminal. After the system is started, the solenoid valve 18 on the first connecting pipe 5 is opened according to the set ratio, and the nutrients of each fertilizer tank 3 are transported to the mixing tank 4 through the first connecting pipe 5. At the same time, water is injected into the water source through the water pipe 6. The stirring motor 11 drives the stirring plate 13 to rotate, so that the nutrients and water source are fully mixed to form a uniform water-fertilizer mixture. The mixed water-fertilizer mixture is distributed to each fertilizer pipe 8 through the dispersion pipe 7. The solenoid valve 18 on the fertilizer pipe 8 controls the start and stop of the supply to the corresponding zone. The water-fertilizer mixture enters the backwash filter assembly, and impurities such as mud and fertilizer crystals are intercepted by the filter plate 902. The filtered water-fertilizer mixture is transported through the second connecting pipe 14. The system uses a tiered capillary network, with solenoid valve 17 controlling the activation and deactivation of both shallow and deep capillary networks. During the tobacco seedling stage, only the shallow capillary network 1001 is activated, allowing the drip irrigation nozzles 1003 to create a fine water mist, moistening the shallow root system to a depth of 10-15cm. During the vigorous growth / maturity stage, the deep capillary network 1002 is activated, and the drip irrigation nozzles 1004 precisely supply water and fertilizer to the main root area to a depth of 25-30cm. The system periodically triggers a backwashing process: closing the connection... Connect solenoid valve 16 of pipe 214 to open solenoid valve 16 of drain pipe 904; drive motor 903 drives filter plate 902 to rotate 180°, using the residual pressure of the pipeline to backwash impurities on filter plate 902. The impurities are discharged through drain pipe 904. After cleaning filter plate 902, normal irrigation state is restored. After the set irrigation time is reached, the system sequentially closes solenoid valve 318 of fertilizer pipe 8, stirring motor 11 and each solenoid valve to complete system reset.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: The base plate (1) is L-shaped. A fixed frame (2) is installed at the front end of the base plate (1). Four fertilizer boxes (3) are installed on the upper end of the fixed frame (2). A mixing box (4) is installed at the front end of the base plate (1) below the fixed frame (2). The four fertilizer boxes (3) are connected to the mixing box (4) through a connecting pipe (5). A connecting water pipe (6) is installed at one end of the fertilizer box (3). A dispersing pipe (7) is installed at the lower end of the fertilizer box (3) through a pipe. Several fertilizer application pipes (8) are installed in a circular array on the surface of the dispersing pipe (7). A backwashing filter assembly is installed at one end of each fertilizer application pipe (8). A layered capillary network is connected to one end of the backwashing filter assembly through a connecting pipe (14).

2. The regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stirring motor (11) is installed at one end of the mixing box (4). A stirring shaft (12) is installed at the output end of the stirring motor (11) and inside the mixing box (4). Several stirring plates (13) are installed on the surface of the stirring shaft (12).

3. The regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backwashing filter assembly includes a mounting shell (901), a filter plate (902), a drive motor (903), and a drain pipe (904). The fertilizer pipe (8) is equipped with a mounting shell (901) at one end. The mounting shell (901) has a rotating groove (15) inside. The drive motor (903) is installed at the upper end of the mounting shell (901). The filter plate (902) is installed at the output end of the drive motor (903) and inside the rotating groove (15). The drain pipe (904) is installed at the bottom end of the mounting shell (901) on one side of the filter plate (902).

4. The regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drain pipe (904) is located on the side of the filter plate (902) near the layered capillary network. Solenoid valve 1 (16) is installed on both the drain pipe (904) and the connecting pipe 2 (14).

5. The regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layered capillary network includes a shallow capillary network (1001), a deep capillary network (1002), a mist irrigation dripper (1003), and a spot irrigation dripper (1004). One end of the connecting pipe two (14) is equipped with two connecting pipe three (19) through a tee connector. One end of the two connecting pipe three (19) is respectively connected to the shallow capillary network (1001) and the deep capillary network (1002). Several mist irrigation drippers (1003) are installed on the shallow capillary network (1001), and several spot irrigation drippers (1004) are installed on the deep capillary network (1002).

6. The regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Solenoid valves 2 (17) are installed on the connecting pipe 3 (19).

7. The regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Solenoid valve 3 (18) is installed on the connecting pipe 1 (5) and the fertilizer pipe (8) respectively.

8. The regionalized tobacco planting irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four fertilizer boxes (3) contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micronutrient fertilizers respectively.

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