A method and device for raising mutton sheep based on prevention and control of hoof rot

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on hoof rot prevention and control method and device of mutton sheep breeding, the method includes S1 sheep house environment optimization, S2 feed preparation, S3 hoof standardization management, S4 intelligent monitoring of epidemic disease;The device is feed blending device, the feed blending device includes base, two support plates are installed on the base, two the support plate is all equipped with rotationally arranged sleeve, the sleeve is coaxially fixed with mixing cylinder, the mixing cylinder is equipped with conveying pipe, the conveying pipe is fixedly connected with two sleeve and is fixedly connected, the sleeve is equipped with the mounting sleeve of fixed connection with it.The breeding method of the application can reduce the incidence of mutton sheep hoof rot by more than 50% by uniformly mixing the feed with the feed blending device, significantly improve the average daily weight gain, effectively solve the problem of hoof rot prevention and control difficulty in traditional breeding, low breeding efficiency, suitable for large-scale mutton sheep breeding scene, with significant economic and ecological value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sheep farming technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for sheep farming based on the prevention and control of foot rot. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of animal husbandry, sheep farming plays a crucial role in ensuring meat supply and promoting rural revitalization. With the upgrading of consumer demand, the scale of sheep farming in my country continues to expand, but foot rot has become a major bottleneck restricting the industry's development. Foot rot is caused by the synergistic infection of *Necrobacterium necrosis* and *Bacteroides arthrophyllinus*, and it spreads easily in damp, filthy environments. Its morbidity rate is as high as 30%-50%, and its mortality rate is 10%-20%, causing huge economic losses to farmers.

[0003] Traditional sheep farming suffers from several shortcomings in foot rot prevention and control: First, the selection and construction of sheep pens lack scientific basis, with low-lying areas and poor drainage leading to damp environments that provide a breeding ground for pathogens. Second, the feed is often poorly formulated and unevenly mixed, resulting in an imbalanced calcium-to-phosphorus ratio and a lack of trace elements, leading to poor hoof keratin development and decreased immunity. Third, hoof management is often perfunctory, lacking standardized inspection, trimming, and disinfection procedures. Fourth, disease monitoring relies on manual observation, which fails to provide early warning and often misses the optimal control opportunity. Furthermore, traditional farming relies excessively on antibiotic treatment, which not only increases costs but also leads to drug residues and antibiotic resistance in pathogens, affecting the quality and safety of mutton.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the aforementioned technical deficiencies, developing a systematic and precise method for the prevention and control of foot rot in livestock farming, thereby reducing the risk of disease from the source and improving farming efficiency, has become an urgent need for the mutton sheep farming industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems by proposing a method and device for raising mutton sheep based on the prevention and control of foot rot. This method can reduce the incidence of foot rot in mutton sheep by more than 50% and increase the average daily weight gain by 15%-20%. It effectively solves the problems of difficult prevention and control of foot rot and low breeding efficiency in traditional breeding. It is suitable for large-scale mutton sheep breeding and has significant economic and ecological value.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for raising meat sheep based on the prevention and control of foot rot includes the following core steps: S1. Optimize the sheepfold environment by constructing sheepfolds in dry and well-ventilated areas that are at least 30cm higher than the surrounding ground. The sheepfold interior should feature slatted floors with slat widths of 1.5-2.5cm, and manure and urine channels with a slope of 1%-2% should be installed beneath the slatted floors. A ventilation system combining natural and mechanical ventilation should be installed, with a window area to sheepfold floor area ratio of 1:10-1:15. The power of the mechanical ventilation equipment should be calculated at 0.5-1kW per 100 cubic meters of space. S2, feed formulation, adjusting the nutritional ratio according to the growth stage of meat sheep, using a feed mixing device; lamb feed contains 18%-20% crude protein, 0.8%-1.2% calcium, and 0.6%-0.8% phosphorus, with a calcium-to-phosphorus ratio of 1.5-2:1; fattening sheep feed contains 15%-17% crude protein, 50-80 mg / kg zinc, and 0.1-0.3 mg / kg selenium; and 0.1%-0.5% probiotics and functional plant extracts are added to the feed; S3, standardized hoof management: conduct a comprehensive inspection of sheep hooves 1-2 times per week, trim hooves in spring and autumn, and disinfect them by soaking them in a 10%-20% copper sulfate solution for 3-5 minutes after trimming, followed by applying hoof protective ointment; during the high-incidence season of foot rot, increase the inspection to 3 times per week and disinfection to 2 times per week. S4, intelligent disease monitoring, collects hoof secretions and blood samples from sheep monthly, uses ELISA to detect antibody levels and PCR to identify pathogens; establishes a database containing breeding environment data and testing data, and uses machine learning models to achieve disease risk early warning, with abnormal data triggering a three-level early warning mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the sheepfold is divided into a breeding sheep area, a fattening sheep area, and a lamb area. The height of the isolation fence in each area is 1.2-1.5m. The activity space for adult meat sheep is not less than 1.5-2 square meters per sheep, for growing sheep it is 1-1.5 square meters per sheep, and for lambs it is 0.5-1 square meters per sheep.

[0008] Preferably, during the feed processing, the particle size of lamb feed raw materials is controlled at 0.8-1.2 mm, and that of fattening sheep at 1.2-1.8 mm; the coefficient of variation (CV value) of mixing uniformity does not exceed 5%; and the diameter of pellet feed is 3-4 mm for lambs and 4-6 mm for fattening sheep.

[0009] Preferably, the hoof trimming is performed using a special hoof trimming tool, trimming gradually from the hoof tip towards the hoof heel to keep the hoof sole flat and the hoof fork clean and unobstructed; if there is damage to the hoof meat, disinfect with iodine and apply hemostatic powder immediately.

[0010] Preferably, in the early warning mechanism, a Level 1 warning (low risk) corresponds to an environmental humidity exceeding the standard by 10%, a Level 2 warning (medium risk) corresponds to abnormal fluctuations in antibody levels, and a Level 3 warning (high risk) corresponds to the detection of foot rot pathogens. Each level of warning triggers ventilation adjustment, feed adjustment, and isolation and treatment measures, respectively.

[0011] This invention also discloses a device for the prevention and control of foot rot, which is a feed preparation device. The feed preparation device includes a base, on which two support plates are mounted. Each of the two support plates is provided with a rotatably mounted sleeve. A mixing cylinder is coaxially fixed on the sleeve. A conveying pipe is provided through the mixing cylinder. The conveying pipe passes through the two sleeves and is fixedly connected to them. An installation sleeve is fitted on the sleeve and fixedly connected to it. The installation sleeve is provided with multiple mixing mechanisms. The mixing mechanism includes a first piston cylinder fixed on the installation sleeve and communicating with the sleeve. A first movable piston is slidably connected inside the first piston cylinder. A spring is fixed on the first movable piston and the first piston cylinder. A drive rod is fixed on the first movable piston. A connecting block is fixed on the drive rod. A mixing plate is fixed on the connecting block.

[0012] Preferably, a motor is mounted on the base, and a first transmission wheel is fixed to the output end of the motor and the sleeve. The two first transmission wheels are connected by a first conveyor belt. A transmission rod is rotatably connected to the support plate. A second transmission wheel is fixed to the transmission rod and the conveying pipe. The two second transmission wheels are connected by a second conveyor belt. A circular plate is fixed to the transmission rod, and a connecting rod is eccentrically hinged to the circular plate. A second piston cylinder is mounted on the base, and a second movable piston is slidably connected inside the second piston cylinder. The second movable piston is hinged to the connecting rod. An air outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe are mounted on the second piston cylinder. The air outlet pipe is rotatably connected to the conveying pipe. An air outlet check valve is mounted on the air outlet pipe, an air inlet check valve is mounted on the air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe is mounted on the air outlet pipe, and a control valve is mounted on the exhaust pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the conveying pipe is equipped with a vent pipe located inside the mixing cylinder, the vent pipe is equipped with a pressure relief valve, the conveying pipe is provided with multiple dust discharge holes, the other end of the conveying pipe is rotatably connected to a dust discharge pipe, the base is equipped with a dust filter box, and the dust discharge pipe is connected to the dust filter box.

[0014] Preferably, a guide ring is fixedly connected inside the first piston cylinder, and the drive rod passes through the guide ring and is slidably connected to it.

[0015] Preferably, a switch door is hinged to the mixing cylinder, and the switch door is configured to cooperate with the inner wall of the mixing cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, a mesh cylinder is rotatably mounted on the outside of the conveying pipe, and torsion springs are provided between both ends of the mesh cylinder and the conveying pipe. Multiple balls are placed inside the mesh cylinder, and two rubber rods are fixed to the ends of the mesh cylinder. Two wedge blocks are fixed to the inner wall of the mixing cylinder, and the two wedge blocks are configured to cooperate with the two rubber rods.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It significantly reduces the incidence of foot rot (by more than 50%), reducing the cost of treatment drugs; increases the daily weight gain of meat sheep by 15%-20%, shortens the breeding cycle by 1-2 months, and improves breeding efficiency; improves the quality of mutton, reduces the risk of drug residues, enhances the market competitiveness of products, improves feed utilization by optimizing feed formula, reduces nitrogen and phosphorus content in excrement, and reduces environmental pollution; reduces the use of antibiotics, avoids the damage of drug residues to soil and water sources, and is in line with the development direction of green farming.

[0018] 2. To avoid problems such as poor hoof keratin development in sheep due to uneven mixing of feed nutrients, imbalanced calcium-phosphorus ratio, and micronutrient deficiencies, this feed mixing device has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention utilizes air pressure to overcome the resistance of the spring and push the first moving piston to slide. The first moving piston drives the drive rod, connecting block and mixing plate to move, so that the mixing plate abuts against the inner wall of the mixing cylinder, so that subsequent mixing work does not require additional power equipment to drive the mixing plate.

[0019] (2) During the rotation of the mixing drum, the mixing plate and raw materials will move upward. Eventually, the raw materials will be separated from the mixing plate by gravity and will be superimposed and mixed with the raw materials below, which greatly improves the mixing efficiency.

[0020] (3) In order to avoid the impact of dust on the surrounding area when the material is discharged, when the pressure relief valve is opened, air enters the mixing cylinder through the vent pipe to increase the internal pressure, so that air and dust enter the conveying pipe through the dust discharge hole and are transported to the dust filter box; thus avoiding a large amount of dust being raised when the door is opened, which would cause inconvenience to the surrounding environment and staff.

[0021] (4) When discharging, the control valve is opened. Under the action of the spring, the first moving piston, the drive rod and the mixing plate are reset. The mixing plate no longer limits the material in the mixing cylinder and will not hinder the flow of material. The material can be effectively and quickly discharged through the opening and closing door, improving the discharge efficiency.

[0022] In summary, the breeding method of the present invention, combined with the feed mixing device, can reduce the incidence of foot rot in mutton sheep by more than 50% and increase the average daily weight gain by 15%-20%. It effectively solves the problems of difficult foot rot prevention and control and low breeding efficiency in traditional breeding, and is suitable for large-scale mutton sheep breeding scenarios, with significant economic and ecological value. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a sheep farming device based on foot rot prevention and control proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a rear view of a sheep farming device based on foot rot prevention and control proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the motor in a sheep breeding device based on foot rot prevention and control proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second conveyor belt in a sheep breeding device based on foot rot prevention and control proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second piston cylinder in a sheep breeding device based on foot rot prevention and control proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mixing cylinder in a sheep breeding device based on foot rot prevention and control proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mixing plate in a sheep breeding device based on foot rot prevention and control proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled first piston cylinder in a sheep breeding device based on foot rot prevention and control proposed in this invention. Figure 9 This is a flowchart of a method for raising meat sheep based on the prevention and control of foot rot proposed in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a sheep farming device based on foot rot prevention and control, according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 This invention proposes a sheep farming device based on foot rot prevention and control. Figure 10 A partial structural diagram.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Base, 2. Support plate, 3. Mixing cylinder, 4. Dust exhaust pipe, 5. Dust filter box, 6. Motor, 7. Air outlet pipe, 8. Exhaust pipe, 9. Control valve, 10. Circular plate, 11. Second piston cylinder, 12. Air outlet check valve, 13. Air inlet check valve, 14. Air inlet pipe, 15. Sleeve, 16. First conveyor belt, 17. First transmission wheel, 18. Transmission rod, 19. Second conveyor belt, 20. Second transmission wheel, 21. Second moving piston, 22. Connecting rod, 23. Opening and closing door, 24. Conveying pipe, 25. Vent pipe, 26. Pressure relief valve, 27. Mounting sleeve, 28. First piston cylinder, 29. Dust exhaust hole, 30. Mixing plate, 31. Drive rod, 32. First moving piston, 33. Connecting block, 34. Spring, 35. Guide ring, 36. Mesh cylinder, 37. Torsion spring, 38. Ball bearing, 39. Ball bearing, 40. Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0026] A method for raising meat sheep based on the prevention and control of foot rot is as follows: Selecting the right location for sheep pens is a fundamental aspect of disease prevention and control. The location must meet three core conditions: high and dry terrain, good ventilation, and convenient drainage. Specifically, the site should be at least 30cm higher than the surrounding ground level to prevent rainwater accumulation. Sandy loam soil is preferable to minimize dampness.

[0027] The sheepfold is divided into zones based on breed and age: breeding sheep, fattening sheep, and lambs. Each zone is separated by 1.2-1.5m high barriers to prevent cross-infection. Space allocation follows the principle of "density matching": 1.5-2 square meters per adult meat sheep, 1-1.5 square meters per growing sheep, and 0.5-1 square meters per lamb, to avoid overcrowding and trampling that could cause hoof injuries.

[0028] The drainage system adopts a combination design of "slatted floor + manure ditch": the slatted floor is made of corrosion-resistant reinforced concrete with a gap width of 1.5-2.5cm, which ensures that manure and urine fall smoothly and prevents sheep hooves from getting stuck; the manure ditch below is 30-50cm wide, 20-30cm deep, and has a slope of 1%-2%, which ensures that sewage is quickly discharged into the off-site treatment system. The manure ditch is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected once a week.

[0029] The ventilation system adopts a dual-protection mode of "natural + mechanical": natural ventilation is achieved by symmetrically setting windows in the north-south direction, with the window area to sheepfold floor area ratio of 1:10-1:15, and equipped with adjustable louvers to control the air volume; mechanical ventilation is achieved by installing axial flow exhaust fans in the shed, with 0.5-1kW power equipment per 100 cubic meters of space. These fans are turned on during the high-temperature period in summer to ensure that the air in the shed is replaced 3-5 times per hour, while in winter, ventilation is carried out when the temperature is higher at noon to keep the relative humidity in the shed below 65%.

[0030] Scientific feed nutrition is formulated based on the physiological characteristics of sheep at different growth stages, and a "precision nutrition supply system" is constructed. The core of this system is to ensure a balance of minerals and vitamins and the addition of functional components.

[0031] Lamb stage (0-3 months): Focus on meeting growth and development needs. The feed formula contains 18%-20% crude protein, using soybean meal and fish meal as high-quality protein sources; calcium content is 0.8%-1.2%, and phosphorus content is 0.6%-0.8%. The calcium-to-phosphorus ratio is adjusted to 1.5-2:1 by adding bone meal and dicalcium phosphate to promote bone and hoof keratin development; 5000-10000 IU of vitamin A and 500-1000 IU of vitamin D are added per kilogram of feed to prevent hoof skin keratinization.

[0032] Fattening stage (3 months to slaughter): Adjust the energy and protein ratio, reduce the crude protein content to 15%-17%, and increase the proportion of energy feeds such as corn and wheat; strengthen the supply of trace elements, zinc 50-80mg / kg, selenium 0.1-0.3mg / kg, zinc can promote hoof tissue repair, and selenium enhances immunity; at the same time, add 0.1%-0.5% probiotics (a compound preparation of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria) to regulate the intestinal microecology and improve nutrient absorption rate.

[0033] Functional additives are selected from natural plant extracts (such as astragalus polysaccharides and honeysuckle flavonoids), added at a ratio of 0.05%-0.1%. They have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, which can inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in the intestines and indirectly reduce the risk of foot rot infection. During feed processing, lamb feed raw materials are crushed to a particle size of 0.8-1.2mm, and fattening sheep to 1.2-1.8mm. A twin-shaft paddle mixer is used to mix for 3-8 minutes to ensure that the coefficient of variation (CV value) of the mixing uniformity is ≤5%. When pelleting feed, the steam pressure is controlled at 0.2-0.4MPa and the temperature at 80-90℃ to ensure that the pellet hardness is moderate and to improve feed intake efficiency.

[0034] Routine hoof health management involves establishing a three-pronged hoof health process of "inspection-trimming-disinfection" to achieve early detection and treatment of hoof problems.

[0035] Regular checks: Conduct a comprehensive check 1-2 times per week, increasing to 3 times during peak seasons for foot rot (rainy season, humid season). During the check, use the standing restraint method to observe the sheep's hooves for redness, swelling, ulcers, and whether any foreign objects are embedded in the sole. Also, observe the sheep's gait; immediately isolate and examine any sheep found lame. Gently clean the hoof forks with a hoof hook, focusing on areas of soft rot on the sole. Collect secretions from suspected cases for testing.

[0036] Standardized trimming: Conduct concentrated trimming twice a year, in spring and autumn, when the hooves are soft and easy to handle. Before trimming, rinse the sheep's hooves with clean water to remove dirt. After restraining the sheep, use a sharp hoof trimmer to trim from the hoof tip to the heel, smoothing the hoof sole to ensure even weight distribution when the sheep is standing. The hoof tip length should be controlled at 3-5cm to avoid cutting too deeply and damaging the hoof meat. For sheep with misaligned hooves, correct them gradually in 2-3 sessions. Observe the sheep for 24 hours after each trimming session. Only after confirming no bleeding or lameness can the sheep be returned to the flock.

[0037] Disinfection and Care: Disinfection must be performed after each inspection and trimming. Use a 10%-20% copper sulfate solution or a 3%-5% formalin solution to soak the sheep hooves for 3-5 minutes, ensuring the disinfectant penetrates into the crevices of the hooves. After disinfection, apply a protective ointment made of a mixture of petroleum jelly and lanolin to form a protective film and prevent moisture from penetrating. A 1-1.5m long disinfection pool filled with a 2%-3% sodium hydroxide solution should be set up at the entrance and exit of the sheepfold to ensure that the hooves of the sheep are fully disinfected when entering and exiting.

[0038] A disease monitoring and early warning mechanism has been established, constructing an intelligent monitoring system of "sample testing + data modeling + hierarchical early warning" to achieve early prevention and control of foot rot.

[0039] Sample Collection and Testing: Samples are collected monthly, including blood samples from healthy sheep and hoof secretions and diseased tissue from suspected cases. Blood samples are tested using ELISA to detect levels of antibodies related to foot rot, assessing herd immunity status; secretion and tissue samples are tested using PCR to identify the pathogen and determine the type of infection. Newly introduced sheep are required to undergo 14 days of quarantine and observation, and can only be integrated into the main flock after two consecutive negative tests.

[0040] Data Management and Modeling: Establish a livestock information database, inputting information such as sheep numbers, ages, feed formulas, environmental data (temperature, humidity, ventilation), and test results. Utilize machine learning algorithms (such as BP neural networks) to construct an early warning model, using environmental humidity > 65%, antibody levels below 80% of the standard value, and the detection of pathogens as key early warning indicators. Train the model using historical data to improve early warning accuracy.

[0041] Tiered Early Warning and Response: A three-tiered early warning mechanism is established: Level 1 (Low Risk): Environmental humidity exceeds the standard by 10% but no abnormalities are observed in sheep, triggering the upgrading and operation of ventilation equipment and increasing the frequency of bedding replacement; Level 2 (Medium Risk): Some sheep have abnormal antibody levels, implementing feed fortification and disinfection of the hooves of the entire flock; Level 3 (High Risk): Pathogens are detected or clinical cases appear, immediately isolate sick sheep, thoroughly disinfect the contaminated area with 2% peracetic acid, and feed healthy sheep preventive traditional Chinese medicine preparations.

[0042] The specific implementation method is as follows: Example 1: Application in the construction of large-scale sheepfolds Sheepfold Construction: The site is selected on land 35cm higher than the surrounding area, with sandy loam soil. The sheepfold is 50m long and 10m wide, divided into 3 areas: a breeding sheep area of ​​150 square meters (for 100 sheep), a fattening sheep area of ​​200 square meters (for 150 sheep), and a lamb area of ​​100 square meters (for 200 sheep). The slatted floor has 2cm gaps, and the manure and urine ditch underneath has a 1.5% slope. There are 10 windows on each side, facing north and south, with each window having an area of ​​1.5 square meters, and 4 1.5kW axial flow exhaust fans are provided.

[0043] Feed formulation: Lamb feed consists of 40% corn, 25% soybean meal, 5% fish meal, 15% wheat bran, 3% bone meal, 2% dicalcium phosphate, 1% vitamin premix, and 0.5% probiotics; fattening sheep feed consists of 50% corn, 18% soybean meal, 20% wheat bran, 2% limestone powder, 1% trace element premix, and 0.1% plant extracts. The feed is ground into pellets, with lamb pellets having a diameter of 3mm and fattening sheep pellets having a diameter of 5mm.

[0044] Routine Management: Feed three times daily at 7:00, 13:00, and 19:00. Lambs receive 0.8 kg / head, fattening sheep 2.5 kg / head, and breeding sheep 3 kg / head. Hoof checks are conducted every Monday and Thursday. Hoof trimming is performed in March and September. After trimming, the hooves are disinfected with a 15% copper sulfate solution and a protective ointment is applied. Samples are collected and tested on the 10th of each month. The database is updated in real-time with environmental and test data, and the model automatically analyzes and issues early warnings.

[0045] Results: After 6 months of operation, the incidence of foot rot in the sheepfold was only 8%, a decrease of 63.6% compared with the surrounding traditional farms (22% incidence); the average daily weight gain of lambs was 210g, and the average daily weight gain of fattening sheep was 380g, which were 16.7% and 18.8% higher than traditional farming, respectively.

[0046] Example 2: Application after renovation of old sheepfolds Sheepfold renovation: The existing 1000-square-meter cement-floored sheepfold was renovated, with the addition of slatted flooring (covering 80% of the area). Five 60cm deep water collection wells were installed in low-lying areas and connected to the existing drainage system. Twelve ventilation openings (0.8 square meters each) were added to the walls, and six 1kW exhaust fans were installed. Temporary isolation pens were set up inside the sheepfold to demarcate an observation area for sick sheep.

[0047] Adjustments to the breeding practices: The zinc content in the feed has been increased to 70 mg / kg, and the proportion of probiotics has been increased to 0.4%. An additional 0.02% electrolyte multivitamin has been added to the drinking water every Wednesday. The hoof inspection frequency has been adjusted to three times a week, on Tuesdays, Fridays, and Sundays, with daily inspections during the rainy season. Disinfection has been changed to a dual treatment of "copper sulfate solution soaking + ultraviolet irradiation".

[0048] Results: Before the renovation, the incidence of foot rot in the sheepfold was 35%. After the renovation, it dropped to 12% in 3 months and remained below 10% in 6 months. The time for meat sheep to be ready for market was shortened from 12 months to 10 months, the feed conversion rate increased by 12%, and the income per sheep increased by about 80 yuan.

[0049] Reference Figures 1-8The present invention also discloses a device for the prevention and control of foot rot, specifically: two support plates 2 are installed on a base 1, and rotatable sleeves 15 are respectively installed through the two support plates 2. A mixing cylinder 3 is coaxially fixed on the sleeves 15, so that the mixing cylinder 3 can rotate around the axis of the sleeves 15. A conveying pipe 24 is installed through the mixing cylinder 3, and it is ensured that the conveying pipe 24 passes through the two sleeves 15 and is fixedly connected to the sleeves 15 to ensure the stability of the conveying pipe 24; wherein a block is fixed inside the conveying pipe 24, and the block is located between the mounting sleeve 27 and the dust discharge hole 29, so that the conveying pipe 24 can be divided into two parts.

[0050] An mounting sleeve 27 is fitted onto the sleeve 15 and fixedly connected. Multiple mixing mechanisms are installed on the mounting sleeve 27. In each mixing mechanism, a first piston cylinder 28 is first fixed to the mounting sleeve 27 and communicates with the sleeve 15. A first movable piston 32 is slidably installed inside the first piston cylinder 28. A spring 34 is fixed between the first movable piston 32 and the first piston cylinder 28. A drive rod 31 is fixed to the first movable piston 32. A connecting block 33 is fixed to the drive rod 31. Finally, a mixing plate 30 is fixed to the connecting block 33. To ensure stable sliding of the drive rod 31, a guide ring 35 is fixedly connected inside the first piston cylinder 28, and the drive rod 31 passes through the guide ring 35 and is slidably connected to it. The guide ring 35 is provided to support the drive rod 31, ensuring that the drive rod 31 can stably drive the mixing plate 30 to rotate.

[0051] A motor 6 is mounted on the base 1. First transmission wheels 17 are fixed to the output end of the motor 6 and the sleeve 15, respectively. The two first transmission wheels 17 are connected by a first conveyor belt 16 to drive the sleeve 15. A transmission rod 18 is rotatably connected to the support plate 2. Second transmission wheels 20 are fixed to the transmission rod 18 and the conveying pipe 24, respectively. The two second transmission wheels 20 are connected by a second conveyor belt 19 to achieve linkage between the transmission rod 18 and the conveying pipe 24.

[0052] A circular plate 10 is fixed on the transmission rod 18, and a connecting rod 22 is eccentrically hinged to the circular plate 10. A second piston cylinder 11 is installed on the base 1, and a second movable piston 21 is slidably installed inside the second piston cylinder 11. The second movable piston 21 is hinged to the connecting rod 22. An exhaust pipe 7 and an intake pipe 14 are installed on the second piston cylinder 11. An exhaust check valve 12 is installed on the exhaust pipe 7, which only allows air from the second piston cylinder 11 to flow into the exhaust pipe 7. An intake check valve 13 is installed on the intake pipe 14, which only allows air to enter the second piston cylinder 11 through the intake pipe 14. An exhaust pipe 8 is installed on the exhaust pipe 7, and a control valve 9 is installed on the exhaust pipe 8. The exhaust pipe 7 is rotatably connected to the delivery pipe 24 to ensure that gas can smoothly enter the delivery pipe 24.

[0053] A vent pipe 25 located inside the mixing cylinder 3 is installed on the conveying pipe 24, and a pressure relief valve 26 is installed on the vent pipe 25. When the pressure inside the conveying pipe 24 is too high, the pressure can be relieved through the vent pipe 25 and the pressure relief valve 26. Multiple dust discharge holes 29 are provided through the conveying pipe 24, and a dust discharge pipe 4 is rotatably connected to the other end of the conveying pipe 24. The dust discharge pipe 4 is connected to the dust filter box 5 installed on the base 1 so as to discharge and filter the dust and other impurities generated during the mixing process.

[0054] A hinged door 23 is connected to the mixing cylinder 3 so that the door 23 fits into the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 3, making it convenient to add materials into the mixing cylinder 3 and remove the mixed materials.

[0055] The working principle of the feed preparation device is as follows: Add the raw materials, such as feed, into the mixing drum 3, and then close the switch door 23.

[0056] The motor 6 is started, and the motor 6 drives the sleeve 15 to rotate through the first transmission wheel 17 and the first conveyor belt 16, which in turn drives the mixing drum 3 to rotate. At the same time, the rotation of the sleeve 15 drives the transmission rod 18 to rotate through the second transmission wheel 20 and the second conveyor belt 19. The transmission rod 18 drives the circular plate 10 to rotate. The circular plate 10 drives the second moving piston 21 to slide back and forth in the second piston cylinder 11 through the connecting rod 22.

[0057] When the second moving piston 21 slides upward, a negative pressure is generated inside the second piston cylinder 11, and outside air enters the second piston cylinder 11 through the air inlet pipe 14 and the air inlet one-way valve 13; when the second moving piston 21 slides downward, the air inside the second piston cylinder 11 enters the delivery pipe 24 through the air outlet pipe 7 and the air outlet one-way valve 12, and the air in the delivery pipe 24 is delivered to multiple first piston cylinders 28. As the air increases, the air pressure overcomes the resistance of the spring 34 and pushes the first moving piston 32 to slide. The first moving piston 32 drives the drive rod 31, the connecting block 33 and the mixing plate 30 to move until the mixing plate 30 abuts against the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 3.

[0058] During the rotation of the mixing cylinder 3, the mounting sleeve 27 rotates together with the sleeve 15, which in turn drives the mixing plate 30 to rotate together. When the mixing plate 30 rotates, it drives the raw material to move upward. When the mixing plate 30 is in an inclined state, the raw material is separated from the mixing plate 30 due to gravity. In this way, the raw material on the lower side can be mixed, thus realizing the superposition and mixing of raw materials, which greatly improves the mixing efficiency.

[0059] However, air continues to be supplied in the conveying pipe 24. When the air pressure in the conveying pipe 24 exceeds the threshold of the pressure relief valve 26, the pressure relief valve 26 opens, and air enters the mixing cylinder 3 through the vent pipe 25. The air pressure in the mixing cylinder 3 increases, and air enters the conveying pipe 24 through the dust discharge hole 29. The dust generated during the mixing process enters the conveying pipe 24 through the dust discharge hole 29, and then enters the dust filter box 5 through the dust discharge pipe 4 for filtration. This avoids a large amount of dust being stirred up when the switch door 23 is opened, which would cause inconvenience to the surrounding environment and staff.

[0060] After mixing is complete, the switch door 23 on the mixing cylinder 3 is turned downwards, and then the control valve 9 is opened. The air in the conveying pipe 24 and the first piston cylinder 28 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 8. Under the action of the spring 34, the first moving piston 32, the drive rod 31 and the mixing plate 30 are reset. In this way, the mixing plate 30 no longer limits the material in the mixing cylinder 3, and the material can be effectively and quickly discharged through the switch door 23, improving the discharge efficiency.

[0061] As another embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 10 , Figure 11 The conveying pipe 24 is fitted with a mesh cylinder 36 that rotates with it. Both ends of the mesh cylinder 36 are provided with torsion springs 37 between the conveying pipe 24 and the two ends of the mesh cylinder 36. Multiple balls 38 are placed inside the mesh cylinder 36. Two rubber rods 39 are fixed at the ends of the mesh cylinder 36. Two wedge blocks 40 are fixed on the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 3. The two wedge blocks 40 are configured to cooperate with the two rubber rods 39. In this embodiment, the mesh tube 36 can block the feed but not the dust. The purpose is to prevent feed particles from blocking the dust discharge hole 29 or entering the conveying pipe 24 through the dust discharge hole 29, which would cause the airflow to be unstable. Further detailed explanation: The rotation of the conveying pipe 24 drives the mesh cylinder 36 and the torsion spring 37 to rotate. When the mesh cylinder 36 rotates, the ball bearings 38 roll inside the mesh cylinder 36. The rolling of the ball bearings 38 causes the mesh cylinder 36 to vibrate, which can prevent the mesh cylinder 36 from being blocked. At the same time, the rotation of the mesh cylinder 36 will also drive the rubber rod 39 to rotate. When the rubber rod 39 abuts against the wedge block 40, the rubber rod 39 and the mesh cylinder 36 are obstructed by the wedge block 40 and cannot rotate synchronously with the conveying pipe 24. At this time, the torsion spring 37 generates torque. As the conveying pipe 24 continues to rotate, the torque of the torsion spring 37 increases, the rubber rod 39 deforms and finally disengages from the wedge block 40. Under the action of the torsion spring 37, the mesh cylinder 36 is quickly reset. The centrifugal force of the mesh cylinder 36 can throw off the feed particles attached to the surface. At the same time, it also increases the kinetic energy of the ball bearings 38 rolling inside the mesh cylinder 36, which enhances the vibration of the mesh cylinder 36 and further improves the anti-clogging effect of the mesh cylinder 36, ensuring the effective discharge of dust from the feed mixture.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for raising meat sheep based on the prevention and control of foot rot, characterized in that, The core steps include the following: S1. Optimize the sheepfold environment by constructing sheepfolds in dry and well-ventilated areas that are at least 30cm higher than the surrounding ground. The sheepfold interior should feature slatted floors with slat widths of 1.5-2.5cm, and manure and urine channels with a slope of 1%-2% should be installed beneath the slatted floors. A ventilation system combining natural and mechanical ventilation should be installed, with a window area to sheepfold floor area ratio of 1:10-1:

15. The power of the mechanical ventilation equipment should be calculated at 0.5-1kW per 100 cubic meters of space. S2, feed formulation, adjusting the nutritional ratio according to the growth stage of meat sheep, using a feed mixing device; lamb feed contains 18%-20% crude protein, 0.8%-1.2% calcium, 0.6%-0.8% phosphorus, with a calcium-to-phosphorus ratio of 1.5-2:1; fattening sheep feed contains 15%-17% crude protein, 50-80 mg / kg zinc, and 0.1-0.3 mg / kg selenium; and 0.1%-0.5% probiotics and functional plant extracts are added to the feed; S3, standardized hoof management: conduct a comprehensive inspection of sheep hooves 1-2 times per week, trim hooves in spring and autumn, and disinfect them by soaking them in a 10%-20% copper sulfate solution for 3-5 minutes after trimming, followed by applying hoof protective ointment; during the high-incidence season of foot rot, increase the inspection to 3 times per week and disinfection to 2 times per week. S4, intelligent disease monitoring, collects hoof secretions and blood samples from sheep monthly, uses ELISA to detect antibody levels and PCR to identify pathogens; establishes a database containing breeding environment data and testing data, and uses machine learning models to achieve disease risk early warning, with abnormal data triggering a three-level early warning mechanism.

2. The method for raising mutton sheep based on the prevention and control of foot rot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sheepfold is divided into breeding sheep area, fattening sheep area and lamb area. The isolation fence of each area is 1.2-1.5m high. The activity space for adult meat sheep is not less than 1.5-2 square meters per sheep, for growing sheep 1-1.5 square meters per sheep, and for lambs 0.5-1 square meters per sheep.

3. A method for raising meat sheep based on the prevention and control of foot rot according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the feed processing, the particle size of lamb feed raw materials is controlled at 0.8-1.2mm, and that of fattening sheep at 1.2-1.8mm; the coefficient of variation of mixing uniformity does not exceed 5%; the diameter of pellet feed is 3-4mm for lambs and 4-6mm for fattening sheep.

4. A method for raising meat sheep based on the prevention and control of foot rot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hoof trimming is done using a special hoof trimming tool, trimming gradually from the hoof tip towards the hoof heel, keeping the hoof sole flat and the hoof fork clean and unobstructed; if there is any damage to the hoof meat, disinfect immediately with iodine and apply hemostatic powder.

5. A method and apparatus for raising meat sheep based on foot rot prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned early warning mechanism, a Level 1 warning corresponds to an environmental humidity exceeding the standard by 10%, a Level 2 warning corresponds to abnormal fluctuations in antibody levels, and a Level 3 warning corresponds to the detection of foot rot pathogens. Each level of warning triggers ventilation adjustment, feed adjustment, and isolation and treatment measures, respectively.

6. A device for the prevention and control of foot rot, characterized in that, The device, applicable to the sheep farming method according to any one of claims 1-5, is a feed preparation device. The feed preparation device includes a base (1), on which two support plates (2) are mounted. A rotatably mounted sleeve (15) is passed through each of the two support plates (2). A mixing cylinder (3) is coaxially fixed on each sleeve (15). A conveying pipe (24) passes through the mixing cylinder (3). The conveying pipe (24) passes through both sleeves (15) and is fixedly connected to them. An installation sleeve (…) is fitted onto each sleeve (15) and fixedly connected to it. 27), the mounting sleeve (27) is provided with multiple mixing mechanisms, the mixing mechanism includes a first piston cylinder (28) fixed on the mounting sleeve (27) and communicating with the sleeve (15), a first movable piston (32) is slidably connected inside the first piston cylinder (28), a spring (34) is fixed on the first movable piston (32) and the first piston cylinder (28), a drive rod (31) is fixed on the first movable piston (32), a connecting block (33) is fixed on the drive rod (31), and a mixing plate (30) is fixed on the connecting block (33).

7. The device for controlling foot rot according to claim 6, characterized in that, A motor (6) is installed on the base (1). A first transmission wheel (17) is fixed to the output end of the motor (6) and the sleeve (15). The two first transmission wheels (17) are connected by a first conveyor belt (16). A transmission rod (18) is rotatably connected to the support plate (2). A second transmission wheel (20) is fixed to the transmission rod (18) and the conveying pipe (24). The two second transmission wheels (20) are connected by a second conveyor belt (19). A circular plate (10) is fixed to the transmission rod (18). A connecting rod (22) is eccentrically hinged to the circular plate (10). A second piston cylinder (11) is installed on the base (1). A second movable piston (21) is slidably connected inside the second piston cylinder (11). The second movable piston (21) is hinged to the connecting rod (22). An air outlet pipe (7) and an air inlet pipe (14) are installed on the second piston cylinder (11). The air outlet pipe (7) is rotatably connected to the conveying pipe (24). An air outlet check valve (12) is installed on the air outlet pipe (7). An air inlet check valve (13) is installed on the air inlet pipe (14). An exhaust pipe (8) is installed on the air outlet pipe (7). A control valve (9) is installed on the exhaust pipe (8).

8. The device for controlling foot rot according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conveying pipe (24) is equipped with a vent pipe (25) located inside the mixing cylinder (3). A pressure relief valve (26) is installed on the vent pipe (25). Multiple dust discharge holes (29) are provided through the conveying pipe (24). The other end of the conveying pipe (24) is rotatably connected to a dust discharge pipe (4). A dust filter box (5) is installed on the base (1). The dust discharge pipe (4) is connected to the dust filter box (5).

9. The device for controlling foot rot according to claim 6, characterized in that, A guide ring (35) is fixedly connected inside the first piston cylinder (28), and the drive rod (31) passes through the guide ring (35) and is slidably connected to it.

10. The device for controlling foot rot according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conveying pipe (24) is fitted with a mesh cylinder (36) that rotates with it. Both ends of the mesh cylinder (36) are provided with torsion springs (37) between them and the conveying pipe (24). Multiple balls (38) are placed inside the mesh cylinder (36). Two rubber rods (39) are fixed at the ends of the mesh cylinder (36). Two wedge blocks (40) are fixed on the inner wall of the mixing cylinder (3). The two wedge blocks (40) are configured to cooperate with the two rubber rods (39).

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