Whitening, moisturizing, anti-aging, anti-pigmentation, structure lipid for enhancing skin elasticity, composition thereof, preparation thereof and application thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the field of synthetic biology, in particular to a whitening, moisturizing, anti-aging, anti-stain and skin elasticity enhancing structural lipid, a composition thereof, a preparation thereof and application thereof. A preparation method of the structural lipid comprises the following steps: reacting 12-45 parts by weight of C8-C10 medium-chain triglyceride, 20-35 parts by weight of a first oil, 20-39 parts by weight of a second oil and 2-10 parts by weight of a third oil, and obtaining the structural lipid after refining. The first oil comprises at least one of borage seed oil, blackcurrant seed oil and evening primrose oil; the second oil comprises at least one of shea butter and avocado oil; and the third oil comprises at least one of grape seed oil, mango butter, cocoa butter and camellia oil. The structural lipid prepared by the preparation method has the effects of whitening, moisturizing, anti-aging, anti-stain and skin elasticity enhancement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of synthetic biology, and in particular to structural lipids, compositions thereof, formulations thereof, and applications for whitening, hydrating, moisturizing, anti-aging, spot removal, and enhancing skin elasticity. Background Technology

[0002] Fatty acids are core components of the skin's lipid structure, directly influencing barrier function, moisture balance, inflammatory responses, and the aging process. They play a crucial role in skincare. Essential fatty acids (such as linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid) are important components of the stratum corneum lipid structure, significantly reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and strengthening the skin barrier integrity. ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids possess significant anti-inflammatory properties, alleviating skin sensitivity and inflammation. However, single fatty acids have limited functions and lack synergistic effects, and long-term use of some fatty acids (such as high-concentration oleic acid) may irritate sensitive skin. New cosmetic ingredients developed with the advancement of the cosmetic raw material chain, such as hyaluronic acid functional peptides, rose yeast, ergothioneine, and ceramides, are all monomeric substances and also suffer from limited functionality, failing to achieve multiple skin-improving effects. Therefore, traditional cosmetics require the layering of multiple active ingredients to achieve multiple skincare benefits. However, layering multiple active ingredients can exponentially amplify product irritation, cause cross-sensitization to allergens, reduce product stability, and increase the physiological burden on the skin. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a structured lipid that has the functions of whitening, hydrating, moisturizing, anti-aging, removing blemishes, and enhancing skin elasticity, as well as its composition, formulation, and application.

[0004] In a first aspect, a method for preparing a structured lipid is provided, the method comprising: reacting 12-45 parts by weight of a C8-C10 medium-chain triglyceride, 20-35 parts by weight of a first oil, 20-39 parts by weight of a second oil and 2-10 parts by weight of a third oil, and refining to obtain the structured lipid.

[0005] The first oil contains at least one of borage seed oil, blackcurrant seed oil, and evening primrose oil;

[0006] The second oil contains at least one of shea butter and avocado oil;

[0007] The third oil contains at least one of grape seed oil, mango butter, cocoa butter, and camellia oil.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the ester exchange enzyme is a sn-1,3 position specific lipase.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the transesterification enzyme includes one or more of Aspergillus oryzae lipase, CALB lipase, Candida antarcticis lipase, immobilized lipase Novozym 435, Lipozyme RM, Lipozyme TM, Lipozyme IM, Chiralzyme® IM-100, and IM-NE100.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the amount of transesterase used is 3% to 6% of the total oil weight in the reaction system.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the reaction conditions catalyzed by the transesterification enzyme include: a reaction temperature of 60℃~70℃, a reaction time of 24 h~26 h, and a vacuum degree of 50 Pa~100 Pa in the reaction environment.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the reactor for the transesterification enzyme-catalyzed reaction is one of an ultrasonic packed column reactor, an ultrasonic bed reactor, or a commercially available reactor.

[0013] In optional embodiments, the reactor for the transesterification enzyme-catalyzed reaction is one or more of the following: an immobilized enzyme ultrasonic packed column reactor, an immobilized enzyme ultrasonic bed reactor, a stirred reactor, a closed container reactor, and a reactor with a lipase collection device.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the refining includes deodorizing the material after the reaction is catalyzed by an ester exchange enzyme.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, steam deodorization is used, and the deodorization conditions include: the oil temperature during the deodorization process is 180℃~230℃, the deodorization time is 1 h~3 h, the deodorization steam temperature is 150℃~250℃, and the vacuum degree of the deodorization environment is 50 Pa~250 Pa.

[0016] Secondly, structural lipids prepared using the method described in the first aspect are provided.

[0017] In a third aspect, a lipid composition is provided comprising the structural lipids described in the second aspect, as well as astaxanthin and epigallocatechin gallate.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the lipid composition comprises Haematococcus pluvialis oil, which contains the astaxanthin.

[0019] Fourthly, a composition or formulation is provided comprising the structural lipids described in the second aspect or the lipid composition described in the third aspect, and excipients.

[0020] In optional embodiments, the composition may include a topical dosage form and an oral dosage form, or the formulation may include a topical dosage form and an oral dosage form.

[0021] In optional embodiments, the topical dosage forms include toners, creams, lotions, serums, and masks.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the topical dosage form is a face cream, wherein the weight ratio of the structured lipid or lipid composition in the face cream to the remaining ingredients in the face cream is 5:5 to 4:1.

[0023] In an optional implementation, the oral dosage form includes capsules.

[0024] In a further optional embodiment, the capsule includes a soft capsule.

[0025] In a further optional embodiment, the content of the structural lipid or the lipid composition in the soft capsule is 500-850 mg / soft capsule.

[0026] Fifthly, the use of the structural lipids described in the second aspect, the lipid compositions described in the third aspect, or the compositions or formulations described in the fourth aspect in the preparation of products for achieving at least one of the effects of whitening, moisturizing, anti-aging, spot removal, and increasing skin elasticity is provided.

[0027] The method for preparing structured lipids provided in this application utilizes the catalytic action of transesterification enzymes to induce acyl exchange reactions between medium-chain fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids in the first, second, and third oils on the glycerol backbone. This process involves the separation and resynthesis of various plant fatty acid molecules to obtain structured lipids with novel structures. The structured lipids and lipid compositions obtained by this method are rapidly absorbed as topical preparations, and experiments have confirmed their whitening, hydrating, moisturizing, anti-aging, spot-removing, and skin-elasticity-enhancing effects. Using the structured lipids and lipid compositions obtained by this method as food and cosmetic raw materials for improving skin overcomes the limitations of single-function raw materials, resulting in skin-improving products with more comprehensive effects, simpler use, smaller dosages, greater convenience, and lower raw material costs. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments and examples of this application, and to more completely understand this application and its beneficial effects, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or examples will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1Typical images of melanin signal intensity in the head of zebrafish after treatment in the normal control group and the group in Example 1 (red box indicates the analysis area).

[0030] Figure 2 To determine the melanin signal intensity (in pixels) in the heads of zebrafish in Example 1 (normal control group) and Example 1 group after treatment, a t-test was used to analyze the statistical differences: *** represents p < 0.001;

[0031] Figure 3 Typical images of zebrafish tail area after treatment in Example 2 (red box indicates the analysis area), including the normal control group, the model control group, and the group in Example 1.

[0032] Figure 4 To determine the statistical differences in the tail area (in pixels) of zebrafish after treatment in Example 2 (normal control group, model control group, and Example 1 group), a t-test was used: *** represents p < 0.001.

[0033] Figure 5 Typical staining intensity of β-galactosidase activity in zebrafish after treatment in the normal control group, model control group and Example 1 group in Effect Example 3 (red box indicates the analysis area).

[0034] Figure 6 To determine the staining intensity (in pixels) of β-galactosidase activity in zebrafish after treatment in the normal control group, model control group, and Example 1 group in Effect Example 3, statistical differences were analyzed using the t-test method: *** represents p < 0.001;

[0035] Figure 7 Typical images of pigment signal intensity in zebrafish yolk sacs after treatment in the normal control group, model control group and Example 1 group in Effect Example 4 (red box indicates the analysis area).

[0036] Figure 8 To analyze the pigment signal intensity (pixels) in the yolk sac of zebrafish after treatment in the normal control group, model control group, and Example 1 group in Effect Example 4, the t-test was used to determine the statistical differences: *** represents p < 0.001;

[0037] Figure 9 To determine the relative expression levels of the elna gene in zebrafish after treatment in the normal control group and the group in Example 1 of Example 5, a t-test was used to analyze the statistical differences: * represents p < 0.05;

[0038] Figure 10 To determine the relative expression levels of the cola1a1b gene in zebrafish after treatment in Example 5 (normal control group) and Example 1 group, a t-test was used to analyze the statistical differences: ** represents p < 0.01. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments, and examples. It should be understood that these embodiments and examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The purpose of providing these embodiments and examples is to enable a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present application. It should also be understood that the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments and examples described herein. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or alterations without departing from the spirit of the present application, and the equivalent forms obtained also fall within the protection scope of the present application. For example, features described or illustrated as part of one embodiment can be combined in a suitable manner in another embodiment to produce new embodiments. Furthermore, numerous details are set forth in the following description to provide a fuller understanding of the present application. It should be understood that the present application can be implemented without one or more of these details.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0041] Unless otherwise stated or in case of contradiction, the terms or phrases used herein shall have the following meanings:

[0042] The terms “and / or,” “or / and,” and “and / or” as used herein include any one of two or more of the related listed items, as well as any and all combinations of the related listed items. “Any and all combinations” includes any two related listed items, any more related listed items, or a combination of all related listed items. For example, “A and / or B” includes three parallel options: A, B, and “a combination of A and B.”

[0043] In this application, the terms "multiple", "various", "multiple times", "several", "several", etc., unless otherwise specified, refer to a quantity greater than or equal to 2. For example, "one or more" means one or more or more.

[0044] In this application, "optionally", "optional", and "optional" mean that something is optional, that is, it means that it is selected from either "with" or "without".

[0045] In this application, the technical features or solutions described in open-ended language include both closed-ended technical features or solutions consisting of the listed contents and open-ended technical features or solutions that include the listed contents.

[0046] In this application, where the method flow involves multiple steps, unless otherwise explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps; they can be executed in any order other than those described. Moreover, any step may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or simultaneously with other steps or parts of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0047] In this application, the terms "first aspect," "second aspect," "third aspect," "fourth aspect," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor should they be construed as implicitly indicating the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features. Moreover, "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., serve only as a non-exhaustive enumeration and should be understood not to constitute a closed limitation on quantity.

[0048] Structural lipids are a class of lipids modified from their natural biosynthetic forms through chemical or enzymatic methods. They include triacylglycerols (TAGs), diacylglycerols (DAGs), monoacylglycerols (MAGs), and phospholipids (PLs). This modification refers to any alteration to the structure of natural lipids, such as introducing new fatty acids, changing the position of fatty acids, or synthesizing novel triacylglycerols. Structural lipids are functional ingredients that scientifically combine multiple fatty acids into a single oil molecule, exhibiting superior performance compared to simple physical mixtures of multiple components. Biomanufacturing technology has significant advantages in the cosmetics field, allowing for targeted design and modification according to different application scenarios. This technology has expanded from the field of medical nutrition (such as infant nutrition) to the cosmetics industry, achieving multiple effects through unique formulations, enabling a single cosmetic ingredient to possess multiple beauty benefits simultaneously.

[0049] Based on this, in a first aspect, some embodiments provide a method for preparing structural lipids, the method comprising:

[0050] 12-45 parts by weight of C8-C10 medium-chain triglycerides, 20-35 parts by weight of the first oil, 20-39 parts by weight of the second oil, and 2-10 parts by weight of the third oil were reacted and refined to obtain structured lipids.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the total weight of the oils involved is 90 to 100 parts, such as, but not limited to, 90, 92, 95, 97 or 100 parts.

[0052] The amount of C8-C10 medium-chain triglycerides used can be, for example, but not limited to, 12, 15, 18, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 or 45 parts by weight.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the weight ratio of C8 triglycerides to C10 triglycerides in the C8-C10 medium-chain triglycerides is (20-80):(20-80), for example, but not limited to, 20:20, 20:30, 20:40, 20:50, 20:60, 20:70, 20:80, 30:20, 30:40, 30:50, 30:70, 30:80, 40:20, 40:30. 0, 40:50, 40:60, 40:70, 50:20, 50:30, 50:40, 50:60, 50:70, 50:80, 60:20, 60:30, 60:40, 60:50, 60:70, 70:10, 70:20, 70:30, 70:40, 70:50, 70:60, 70:80, 80:30, 80:50, or 80:70.

[0054] The first oil contains at least one of borage seed oil, blackcurrant seed oil, and evening primrose oil. When the first oil contains at least two of borage seed oil, blackcurrant seed oil, and evening primrose oil, the oils can be mixed in any proportion, with a total weight of 20 to 35 parts by weight. The amount of the first oil used can be, for example, but not limited to, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32, or 35 parts by weight.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, the first oil is borage seed oil, and the amount of borage seed oil used can be, for example, but not limited to, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32 or 35 parts by weight.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, the first oil is blackcurrant seed oil, and the amount of blackcurrant seed oil used can be, for example, but not limited to, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32 or 35 parts by weight.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the first oil is evening primrose oil, and the amount of evening primrose oil used can be, for example, but not limited to, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32 or 35 parts by weight.

[0058] The first oil contains at least one of borage seed oil, blackcurrant seed oil, and evening primrose oil. All three are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, primarily linoleic acid (LA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), and oleic acid. Blackcurrant seed oil also contains alpha-linolenic acid. The GLA in the first oil can inhibit tyrosinase, counteract melanin production, prevent pigmentation, improve blood flow and cell metabolism, and benefit skin and hair conditioning and nutrition, making it an effective ingredient for whitening, moisturizing, and delaying aging. In the body, GLA can stimulate brown fatty acid tissue, promote the expression of brown fatty acid and unlinking protein genes, increase mitochondrial activity in brown tissue, release excess heat, and increase skin surface temperature. When combined with medium-chain fatty acids, GLA can be used in ketogenic diets in clinical nutrition to prevent and treat obesity while maintaining a normal diet. Gamma-linolenic acid can also promote steroid production by converting into prostaglandins, maintain hormonal balance in menopausal women, alleviate menopausal syndrome and premenstrual syndrome, and reduce and prevent reproductive tract infections. In an optional embodiment, the first oil contains 15% wt to 20% wt of gamma-linolenic acid.

[0059] The second oil contains at least one of shea butter and avocado oil. When the second oil contains both shea butter and avocado oil, the shea butter and avocado oil can be mixed in any proportion, with a total weight of 20 to 39 parts by weight. The amount of the second oil used can be, for example, but not limited to, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32, 35, 37, or 39 parts by weight.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the second oil is shea butter, and the amount of shea butter used can be, for example, but not limited to, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32, 35, 37 or 39 parts by weight.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, the second oil is avocado oil, and the amount of avocado oil used can be, for example, but not limited to, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32, 35, 37 or 39 parts by weight.

[0062] The second type of oil contains shea butter and avocado oil. The main fatty acids in these oils include oleic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid. Shea butter also contains stearic acid. Furthermore, both shea butter and avocado oil contain various phytosterols, which are beneficial for improving skin. Phytosterols have high skin permeability, can retain skin moisture, promote skin metabolism, alleviate sunburn and skin aging, and also have hair growth and nourishing effects. Phytosterols can form lipid molecular membranes in the body's water, and when combined with plant growth hormones, they sequentially generate a complex of plant hormones, phytosterols, and ribonucleoproteins, promoting animal protein synthesis and benefiting animal health and growth.

[0063] In an optional embodiment, shea butter contains 40%wt to 50%wt of C18:1 fatty acids.

[0064] The third oil comprises at least one of grapeseed oil, mango butter, cocoa butter, and camellia oil. When the third oil comprises at least two of grapeseed oil, mango butter, cocoa butter, and camellia oil, the oils may be mixed in any proportion, with a total weight of 2 to 10 parts by weight. The amount of the third oil may be, for example, but not limited to, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 parts by weight.

[0065] In an optional embodiment, the third oil is grapeseed oil, and the amount of grapeseed oil used can be, for example, but not limited to, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 parts by weight.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, the third oil is mango butter, and the amount of mango butter used can be, for example, but not limited to, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 parts by weight.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, the third oil is cocoa butter, and the amount of cocoa butter used can be, for example, but not limited to, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 parts by weight.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, the third oil is camellia oil, and the amount of camellia oil used can be, for example, but not limited to, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 parts by weight.

[0069] The third oil comprises at least one of grape seed oil, mango butter, cocoa butter, and camellia oil. Grape seed oil, mango butter, cocoa butter, and camellia oil primarily contain oleic acid and linoleic acid. High linoleic acid content is the most significant characteristic of grape seed oil, making it a typical "high linoleic acid" oil. Grape seed oil also possesses antioxidant and anti-aging properties, improves skin condition, supports cardiovascular health, has anti-inflammatory and allergy-relieving effects, and has potential neuroprotective effects. In an optional embodiment, grape seed oil contains 58-78% wt linoleic acid. Mango butter has a high oleic acid content and is also rich in vitamins A, C, and E, as well as unique polyphenols and phytosterols such as mangiferin, providing barrier repair, moisturizing, anti-aging, and antioxidant effects. Cocoa butter has a high oleic acid content and contains polyphenolic antioxidants. Camellia oil is rich in oleic acid and also contains linoleic acid, squalene, vitamin E, and polyphenols, offering multiple functions including antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory effects.

[0070] The structural lipid preparation method provided in this application rearranges the fatty acid acyl groups in triglyceride molecules through the catalytic action of ester exchange enzymes. In this system, C8-C10 medium-chain triglycerides provide medium-chain fatty acids; the first, second, and third oils serve as sources of long-chain fatty acids. Under the catalysis of lipases, medium-chain fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids (such as γ-linolenic acid in borage seed oil, blackcurrant seed oil, and evening primrose oil in the first oil; long-chain saturated / unsaturated fatty acids in shea butter and avocado oil in the second oil; and linoleic acid in grape seed oil, mango butter, cocoa butter, and camellia oil in the third oil) undergo acyl exchange reactions on the glycerol backbone. Utilizing the small molecular weight and strong hydrophilicity of medium-chain fatty acids, integrating 1-2 medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups with long-chain fatty acids into a single triglyceride molecule can significantly improve the hydrophilicity and metabolic properties of triglycerides containing long-chain fatty acids. The method for preparing structured lipids yields a mixed system of structured lipids. In this system, long-chain fatty acid triglycerides can be absorbed by the portal vein under the action of tongue lipase and gastric lipase, while long-chain fatty acids at the sn-1 and 3 positions can be absorbed by mucosal cells.

[0071] In an optional embodiment, the ester exchange enzyme is a sn-1,3 position specific lipase.

[0072] In optional embodiments, the transesterification enzyme includes one or more of Aspergillus oryzae lipase, CALB lipase, Candida antarcticis lipase, immobilized lipase Novozym 435, Lipozyme RM, Lipozyme TM, Lipozyme IM, Chiralzyme® IM-100, and IM-NE100.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the amount of transesterase used is 3% to 6% of the total oil weight in the reaction system, for example, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5% or 6%.

[0074] In optional embodiments, the reaction conditions catalyzed by the transesterification enzyme include: a reaction temperature of 60°C to 70°C, for example, but not limited to 60°C, 65°C, or 70°C; a reaction time of 24 h to 26 h, for example, but not limited to 24 h, 25 h, or 26 h; and a vacuum degree of 50 Pa to 100 Pa, for example, but not limited to 50 Pa, 60 Pa, 70 Pa, 80 Pa, 90 Pa, or 100 Pa.

[0075] In an optional embodiment, the reactor for the transesterification enzyme-catalyzed reaction is one of an ultrasonic packed column reactor, an ultrasonic bed reactor, or a commercially available reactor.

[0076] In a further optional embodiment, the reactor for the transesterification enzyme-catalyzed reaction is one or more of the following: an immobilized enzyme ultrasonic packed column reactor, an immobilized enzyme ultrasonic bed reactor, a stirred reactor, a closed container reactor, and a reactor with a lipase collection device.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, refining includes deodorizing the material after the reaction is catalyzed by an ester exchange enzyme.

[0078] In an optional embodiment, steam deodorization is employed, and the deodorization conditions include: the oil temperature during the deodorization process is 180℃~230℃, for example, but not limited to 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 210℃, 220℃, or 230℃; the deodorization time is 1 h~3 h, for example, but not limited to 1 h, 2 h, or 3 h; the deodorizing steam temperature is 150℃~250℃, for example, but not limited to 150℃, 160℃, 170℃, 180℃, 190℃, 195℃, 200℃, 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 240℃, or 250℃; and the vacuum degree of the deodorization environment is 50 Pa~250 Pa, for example, but not limited to 50 Pa, 100 Pa, 150 Pa, 200 Pa, or 250 Pa.

[0079] Secondly, some embodiments provide structural lipids prepared using the preparation method of the first aspect, wherein the structural lipids are a mixture of oil molecules, which is a mixed triglyceride system formed by the re-esterification of medium-chain fatty acids (C8~C10) and long-chain fatty acids on a glycerol backbone, wherein specific monoglycerides rich in sn-1, 3-position fatty acids are absorbed in the form of free fatty acids and sn-2-position fatty acids are absorbed by mucosal cells.

[0080] Long-chain fatty acids mainly include γ-linolenic acid from the primary oil source, long-chain saturated / unsaturated fatty acids from the secondary oil source, and linoleic acid from the tertiary oil source. Due to the small molecular weight and strong hydrophilicity of medium-chain fatty acids, they are incorporated into the triglyceride backbone, resulting in products with improved hydrophilicity and interfacial activity compared to conventional long-chain triglycerides.

[0081] Thirdly, some embodiments also provide a lipid composition comprising the lipid structure of the second aspect, as well as astaxanthin and epigallocatechin gallate.

[0082] Astaxanthin is a ketocarotenoid with antioxidant properties, and can be used for anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation, skin health, cardiovascular protection, and immune regulation. Those skilled in the art can select the amount of astaxanthin added based on the expected efficacy of the lipid composition, as long as it does not exceed the daily intake limit. This invention does not impose any restrictions on the specific content of astaxanthin in the lipid composition.

[0083] The lipid composition may contain any form of astaxanthin or astaxanthin-containing preparations or extracts. Optionally, the lipid composition contains astaxanthin oil to provide astaxanthin. Astaxanthin oil is a functional oil with astaxanthin as its core active ingredient, primarily extracted from Haematococcus pluvialis or found in krill oil or Daphnia magna oil. In a further optional embodiment, the astaxanthin oil is derived from Haematococcus pluvialis oil. Haematococcus pluvialis oil is rich in natural astaxanthin and is a highly effective cosmetic ingredient with antioxidant, anti-photoaging, anti-inflammatory, moisturizing, and brightening effects. Haematococcus pluvialis oil can be taken orally and applied topically. It can combat free radicals, resist photoaging, effectively reduce inflammation, soothe sensitive skin, brighten skin tone, improve dullness, moisturize and lock in moisture, strengthen the skin barrier, and improve skin texture and elasticity.

[0084] Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound found in tea leaves and possesses strong biological activity. Those skilled in the art can select the amount of epigallocatechin gallate added based on the expected efficacy of the lipid composition, as long as it does not exceed the daily intake limit. This invention does not impose any restrictions on the specific content of epigallocatechin gallate in the lipid composition.

[0085] The lipid composition may contain any form of epigallocatechin gallate or a formulation or extract containing epigallocatechin gallate. Alternatively, the lipid composition may contain epigallocatechin gallate oil for providing epigallocatechin gallate.

[0086] Epigallocatechin gallate oil is a formulation obtained by diluting epigallocatechin gallate with an oil derived from triglycerides. Epigallocatechin gallate oil is a functional skincare oil suitable for oily, acne-prone, and sensitive skin with redness. It provides comprehensive protection and improvement to the skin through a multi-target mechanism of action. Its cosmetic benefits stem from the biological activity of EGCG. It possesses potent antioxidant properties, combats free radicals, has anti-inflammatory and soothing effects, improves redness and acne, tightens pores, controls sebum secretion, protects against UV damage (as an adjunct to sun protection), and offers anti-wrinkle, firming, and whitening effects.

[0087] Fourthly, some embodiments provide a composition or formulation comprising a second aspect structural lipid or a third aspect lipid composition, and excipients.

[0088] In optional embodiments, the composition or formulation includes topical and oral dosage forms.

[0089] In an optional embodiment, the composition or formulation includes a topical dosage form and excipients, including but not limited to at least one of a matrix, carrier, emulsifier, thickener, stabilizer, preservative, antioxidant, colorant, fragrance, pH adjuster, humectant, binder and disintegrant.

[0090] In an optional embodiment, the composition or formulation may further include other active ingredients for improving the skin.

[0091] In optional embodiments, other active ingredients include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: hydrosol, essential oil, hyaluronic acid, recombinant collagen, ceramide, squalane, ergothioneine, resveratrol, ginsenosides, royal jelly acid (10-HAD), coffee seed extract, dendrobium nobile stem extract, aloe vera leaf extract, smilax glabra root extract, sophora flavescens root extract, oat bran extract, echinacea purpurea extract, tremella fruiting body extract, and ophiopogon japonicus root extract.

[0092] In optional embodiments, the hydrosol includes, but is not limited to, at least one of rose hydrosol and jasmine hydrosol.

[0093] In optional embodiments, the essential oil includes, but is not limited to, at least one of rose essential oil and apple blossom essential oil.

[0094] In optional embodiments, topical formulations include toners, creams, lotions, serums, and masks.

[0095] In an optional embodiment, the topical dosage form is a face cream, which further includes one or more of the following: hydrosol, purified water, glycerin, rice bran fatty alkyl alcohol, hyaluronic acid, recombinant collagen, ceramide, squalane, ergosterol, resveratrol, human saponins, royal jelly acid (10-HAD), coffee seed extract, dendrobium nobile stem extract, aloe vera leaf extract, smilax glabra root extract, sophora flavescens root extract, oat bran extract, echinacea purpurea extract, tremella fruiting body extract, ophiopogon japonicus root extract, phenoxyethanol, and ethylhexylglycerin. The hydrosol may be selected from at least one of rose hydrosol and jasmine hydrosol.

[0096] In a further optional embodiment, the face cream is a heat-processed face cream, and the excipients also include an emulsifier, which includes at least one of olive oil, wax, beeswax and phospholipids.

[0097] In a further optional embodiment, the face cream is a cold-processed face cream, and the excipients also include a liquid emulsifier, such as olive oil; and the amount of liquid emulsifier used is 0.5 to 2% of the total weight of the composition.

[0098] In a further optional embodiment, the face cream also contains essential oils and antibacterial agents, such as polyol antibacterial agents, wherein the amount of antibacterial agent is 0.5 to 2% of the total weight of the composition.

[0099] In an optional embodiment, the weight ratio of the second aspect structural lipid or third aspect lipid composition in the face cream to the remaining raw materials in the face cream is 5:5 to 4:1, for example, but not limited to 1:1, 2:1, 3:1 or 4:1.

[0100] In an optional embodiment, the composition or formulation is an oral dosage form and further includes excipients, including but not limited to at least one of preservatives, antioxidants, thickeners, stabilizers, emulsifiers, solvents, colorants, sweeteners, acidity regulators, flavor enhancers, anti-caking agents, moisture retainers, coagulants, nutritional fortifiers, and base materials.

[0101] In an optional embodiment, the composition or formulation is a capsule, and more preferably a soft capsule.

[0102] In an optional embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the soft capsule substrate include gelatin, sorbitol solution, glycerin, and purified water.

[0103] In an optional embodiment, the content of the second aspect structural lipid or the third aspect lipid composition in the soft capsule is 500-850 mg / soft capsule.

[0104] Fifthly, some embodiments also provide the use of the structural lipids of the second aspect, or the lipid composition of the third aspect, or the composition or formulation of the fourth aspect, in the preparation of products for achieving at least one of the effects of whitening, moisturizing, anti-aging, spot removal, and increasing skin elasticity. The structural lipids of the second aspect, or the lipid composition of the third aspect, or the composition or formulation of the fourth aspect can be used as raw materials for preparing products for achieving at least one of the effects of whitening, moisturizing, anti-aging, spot removal, and increasing skin elasticity, such as, but not limited to, cosmetics or functional foods.

[0105] The following are some examples.

[0106] The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to some examples. It should be understood that these embodiments are only for illustrating this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. For experimental methods in the following embodiments where conditions are not specified, please refer to the guidelines given in this application first, or follow experimental manuals or conventional conditions in the art, or follow the conditions recommended by the manufacturer, or refer to experimental methods known in the art.

[0107] In the following examples, the measurement parameters of the raw material components may have slight deviations within the weighing accuracy range unless otherwise specified. Temperature and time parameters are subject to acceptable deviations due to instrument testing accuracy or operational precision.

[0108] In the following examples, the raw materials were purchased from:

[0109] Medium-chain triglycerides: Guangzhou Yongyi Food Raw Materials Co., Ltd., wherein the ratio of C8 triglycerides to C10 triglycerides is (50~60): (40~50).

[0110] Borage seed oil: Guyuan Biotechnology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd.; containing 18~25%wt γ-linolenic acid.

[0111] Shea butter and avocado oil: Liaoning Shengmai Industry Co., Ltd.; where shea butter contains 40-50% wt of C18:1 fatty acids, and avocado oil contains 50-74% C18:1 fatty acids.

[0112] Grape seed oil, mango butter, cocoa butter and camellia oil: Hebei Silk Road Morning Light Oil Co., Ltd.; among which grape seed oil: linoleic acid 58~78%wt; mango butter C18:1 fatty acid 35~50%; cocoa butter C18:1 fatty acid 30~40%; camellia oil C18:1 fatty acid 50~68%.

[0113] Epigallocatechin gallate oil: Tianjin Nopson Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; it is a formulation of epigallocatechin gallate diluted with triglycerides.

[0114] Haematococcus pluvialis oil: Chengshan Industrial (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.;

[0115] The immobilized lipase (modified Aspergillus oryzae) was Lipozyme RM IM, purchased from Beijing Gaoruisen Technology Co., Ltd. and Weifang Kangdian Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0116] The immobilized lipase (Candida antarcticis lipase) was Novozym 435, purchased from Beijing Gaoruisen Technology Co., Ltd. and Weifang Kangdian Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0117] Example 1

[0118] (1) Structural lipids, prepared as follows:

[0119] 37 parts of medium-chain triglycerides, 30 parts of borage seed oil, 30 parts of shea butter oil, and 3 parts of grape seed oil were mixed and 4% (by weight of oil) of immobilized lipase (modified Aspergillus oryzae) Lipozyme RM IM was added to the mixture in a reactor. The reaction was carried out at 65°C, under a vacuum of 50 Pa, for 24 hours. The fatty acid at the Sn-2 position was found to be 99.8%. The reaction was terminated to obtain the first structural lipid.

[0120] The first structural lipid was deodorized by steam and the enzyme inactivation was deodorized. The deodorized oil temperature was 180℃, the deodorizing steam temperature was 195℃, the deodorization time was 2 hours, the deodorization was maintained under vacuum of 200Pa, and after deodorization, the temperature was reduced to 60℃, homogenized and finely filtered to obtain the structural lipid.

[0121] (2) Lipid composition:

[0122] After deodorizing and cooling the first structural lipid in this embodiment, 1.2‰ of the reaction product mass of Haematococcus pluvialis oil (astaxanthin oil) and 0.25‰ of epigallocatechin gallate oil were added, followed by homogenization and fine filtration to obtain the lipid composition.

[0123] The structured lipids and lipid compositions prepared in this embodiment were completely absorbed by the skin within 30 seconds after being uniformly coated locally, without leaving an oily residue. They can be used as raw materials for beauty foods and cosmetics.

[0124] Example 2

[0125] (1) Structural lipids, prepared as follows:

[0126] 25 parts of medium-chain triglycerides, 33 parts of borage seed oil, 32 parts of shea butter oil, and 5 parts of grape seed oil were mixed with 3.5% (by weight) of immobilized lipase (Candida antarcticis lipase) Novozym 435 in a reactor. The reaction was carried out at 65°C, under a vacuum of 100 Pa, for 25 hours. The Sn-2 position fatty acid was found to be 99.5%. The reaction was terminated to obtain the first structural lipid.

[0127] The first structural lipid was deodorized by steam and the enzyme inactivation was deodorized. The deodorized oil temperature was 185℃, the deodorizing steam temperature was 190℃, the deodorization time was 1.5 hours, the deodorization was maintained under vacuum of 150Pa, and after deodorization, the temperature was reduced to 70℃, homogenized and finely filtered to obtain the structural lipid.

[0128] (2) Lipid composition:

[0129] After deodorizing and cooling the first structural lipid in this embodiment, 2.5‰ of the reaction product mass of Haematococcus pluvialis oil (astaxanthin oil) and 2% of epigallocatechin gallate oil were added, followed by homogenization and fine filtration to obtain the lipid composition.

[0130] The structured lipids and lipid compositions prepared in this embodiment were completely absorbed by the skin within 20 seconds after being uniformly coated locally, without leaving an oily residue. They can be used as raw materials for beauty foods and cosmetics.

[0131] Example 3

[0132] (1) Structural lipids, prepared as follows:

[0133] 30 parts of medium-chain triglycerides, 32 parts of borage seed oil, 25 parts of shea butter oil, and 6 parts of grape seed oil were mixed with 3.5% (by weight) of IMNE100 immobilized lipase in a reactor and reacted at 70°C, under a vacuum of 50 Pa, for 26 hours. The Sn-2 fatty acid content was found to be 99.7%. The reaction was terminated to obtain the first structural lipid.

[0134] The first structural lipid was deodorized by steam and the enzyme inactivation was deodorized. The oil temperature for deodorization was 180℃, the deodorization steam temperature was 195℃, the deodorization time was 2.2 hours, the deodorization was maintained under vacuum of 180Pa, and after deodorization, the temperature was reduced to 65℃, and the mixture was homogenized and finely filtered to obtain the structural lipid.

[0135] (2) Lipid composition:

[0136] After deodorizing and cooling the first structural lipid in this embodiment, 2‰ of the reaction product mass of Haematococcus pluvialis oil (astaxanthin oil) and 2.5% of epigallocatechin gallate oil were added, followed by homogenization and fine filtration to obtain the lipid composition.

[0137] The structured lipids and lipid compositions prepared in this embodiment were completely absorbed by the skin within 15 seconds after being uniformly coated locally, without leaving an oily residue. They can be used as raw materials for beauty foods and cosmetics.

[0138] Example 4

[0139] (1) Structural lipids, prepared as follows:

[0140] 20 parts of medium-chain triglycerides, 35 parts of borage seed oil, 28.5 parts of shea butter oil, and 10 parts of grape seed oil were mixed with 3.5% (by weight) of immobilized lipase Lipozyme IM in a reactor. The reaction was carried out at 65°C, under a vacuum of 50 Pa, for 24 hours. The Sn-2 position fatty acid content was found to be 99.6%. The reaction was terminated to obtain the first structural lipid.

[0141] The first structural lipid was deodorized by steam and the enzyme inactivation was deodorized. The deodorized oil temperature was 180℃, the deodorizing steam temperature was 195℃, the deodorization time was 2 hours, the deodorization was maintained under vacuum of 250Pa, and after deodorization, the temperature was reduced to 65℃, and the mixture was homogenized and finely filtered to obtain the structural lipid.

[0142] (2) Lipid composition:

[0143] After deodorizing and cooling the first structural lipid in this embodiment, 3‰ of the reaction product mass of Haematococcus pluvialis oil (astaxanthin oil) and 3% of epigallocatechin gallate oil were added, followed by homogenization and fine filtration to obtain the lipid composition.

[0144] The structured lipids and lipid compositions prepared in this embodiment were completely absorbed by the skin within 15 seconds after being uniformly coated locally, without leaving an oily residue. They can be used as raw materials for beauty foods and cosmetics.

[0145] Example 5

[0146] (1) Structural lipids, prepared as follows:

[0147] 25 parts of medium-chain triglycerides, 33 parts of blackcurrant seed oil, 32 parts of avocado oil, and 5 parts of camellia oil were mixed with 3.5% (by weight) of immobilized lipase (Candida antarcticis lipase) Novozym 435 in a reactor. The reaction was carried out at 65°C, under a vacuum of 100 Pa, for 25 hours. The Sn-2 fatty acid content was found to be 99.5%. The reaction was terminated to obtain the first structural lipid.

[0148] The first structural lipid was deodorized by steam and the enzyme inactivation was deodorized. The deodorized oil temperature was 185℃, the deodorizing steam temperature was 190℃, the deodorization time was 1.5 hours, the deodorization was maintained under vacuum of 150Pa, and after deodorization, the temperature was reduced to 70℃, homogenized and finely filtered to obtain the structural lipid.

[0149] (2) Lipid composition:

[0150] After deodorizing and cooling the first structural lipid in this embodiment, 2.5‰ of the reaction product mass of Haematococcus pluvialis oil (astaxanthin oil) and 2% of epigallocatechin gallate oil were added, followed by homogenization and fine filtration to obtain the lipid composition.

[0151] The structured lipids and lipid compositions prepared in this embodiment were completely absorbed by the skin within 20 seconds after being uniformly coated locally, without leaving an oily residue. They can be used as raw materials for beauty foods and cosmetics.

[0152] Example 6

[0153] (1) Structural lipids, prepared as follows:

[0154] 30 parts of medium-chain triglycerides, 32 parts of evening primrose oil, 25 parts of avocado oil, and 6 parts of cocoa butter were mixed with 3.5% of the oil mass of IMNE100 immobilized lipase in a reactor and reacted at 70°C, under a vacuum of 50 Pa, for 26 hours. The Sn-2 fatty acid content was found to be 99.7%. The reaction was terminated to obtain the first structure lipid.

[0155] The first structural lipid was deodorized by steam and the enzyme inactivation was deodorized. The oil temperature for deodorization was 180℃, the deodorization steam temperature was 195℃, the deodorization time was 2.2 hours, the deodorization was maintained under vacuum of 180Pa, and after deodorization, the temperature was reduced to 65℃, and the mixture was homogenized and finely filtered to obtain the structural lipid.

[0156] (2) Lipid composition:

[0157] After deodorizing and cooling the first structural lipid in this embodiment, 2‰ of the reaction product mass of Haematococcus pluvialis oil (astaxanthin oil) and 2.5% of epigallocatechin gallate oil were added, followed by homogenization and fine filtration to obtain the lipid composition.

[0158] The structured lipids and lipid compositions prepared in this embodiment were completely absorbed by the skin within 15 seconds after being uniformly coated locally, without leaving an oily residue. They can be used as raw materials for beauty foods and cosmetics.

[0159] Example 7

[0160] (1) Structural lipids, prepared as follows:

[0161] 20 parts of medium-chain triglycerides, 35 parts of borage seed oil, 28.5 parts of shea butter, and 10 parts of mango butter were mixed with 3.5% (by weight) of immobilized lipase Lipozyme IM in a reactor. The reaction was carried out at 65°C, under a vacuum of 50 Pa, for 24 hours. The Sn-2 position fatty acid content was found to be 99.6%. The reaction was terminated to obtain the first structural lipid.

[0162] The first structural lipid was deodorized by steam and the enzyme inactivation was deodorized. The deodorized oil temperature was 180℃, the deodorizing steam temperature was 195℃, the deodorization time was 2 hours, the deodorization was maintained under vacuum of 250Pa, and after deodorization, the temperature was reduced to 65℃, and the mixture was homogenized and finely filtered to obtain the structural lipid.

[0163] (2) Lipid composition:

[0164] After deodorizing and cooling the first structural lipid in this embodiment, 3‰ of the reaction product mass of Haematococcus pluvialis oil (astaxanthin oil) and 3% of epigallocatechin gallate oil were added, followed by homogenization and fine filtration to obtain the lipid composition.

[0165] The structured lipids and lipid compositions prepared in this embodiment were completely absorbed by the skin within 15 seconds after being uniformly coated locally, without leaving an oily residue. They can be used as raw materials for beauty foods and cosmetics.

[0166] Example 1: Whitening effect

[0167] 1. Skin Whitening Detection Principle (Head Melanin Signal Intensity): Zebrafish embryos are completely transparent, allowing direct observation and quantification of melanin production on their skin and trunk under a stereomicroscope. By exposing the embryos to a specific concentration of test sample, the response of their surface melanocytes to the skin-whitening ingredient is used to assess the ingredient's efficacy in inhibiting melanin production or promoting melanin fading. Image analysis software is used to quantitatively analyze the area, number, or grayscale value of pigment granules on the embryo's surface melanocytes. A significant reduction in melanin in the treated group compared to the control group indicates that the sample has skin-whitening potential.

[0168] 2. Experimental Groups:

[0169] The normal control group and four experimental groups were given the lipid composition prepared in Part (2) of Examples 1-7 (with one concentration of 0.8%).

[0170] 3. Treatment Method: Zebrafish 6 hours post-fertilization (6 hpf) were randomly selected and placed in 6-well plates (3 mL / well), with 30 fish per well. The control group was cultured normally, while the experimental groups were exposed to the lipid composition. After 48 h, 10 zebrafish from each experimental group were randomly selected and photographed under a microscope. ImageJ advanced image processing software was used for analysis and data collection. The whitening efficacy of the lipid composition was evaluated by analyzing and statistically analyzing the melanin signal intensity in the zebrafish head. The whitening efficacy (%) was calculated according to the following formula:

[0171] .

[0172] 4. Experimental Results:

[0173] Table 1. Results of the whitening efficacy experiment (n=10)

[0174]

[0175] The results showed that the intensity of melanin signal in the heads of zebrafish in the experimental group was reduced compared with that in the normal control group, revealing that the lipid composition has a whitening effect.

[0176] Taking Example 1 as an example, the comparison photos of zebrafish head melanin between the normal control group and the experimental group in Example 2 are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The results of melanin signal intensity in zebrafish are shown in Table 2 and Figure 3 As shown.

[0177] Table 2. Head melanin signal intensity after 48 hours of exposure to the lipid composition in Example 2 (n=10)

[0178]

[0179] Compared with the model control group, *** represents p < 0.001.

[0180] Example 2: Moisturizing effect

[0181] 1. Modeling Principle (Moisturizing): When the concentration of sodium chloride in the water increases, the osmotic pressure of the environment in which the zebrafish is located will be significantly higher than the osmotic pressure inside its body, disrupting the osmotic pressure balance between the inside and outside of the body. In order to maintain osmotic homeostasis, the water in the zebrafish will be passively diffused and lost to the hypertonic environment through the mucous membranes on the body surface, gills and other osmotic regulatory organs, resulting in dehydration of the body and thus exhibiting typical dehydration phenotypes such as body surface wrinkling. A stable dehydration wrinkling model is thus constructed, providing an experimental basis for screening samples with moisturizing effects.

[0182] 2. Moisturizing Detection Principle (Tail Area): If a sample has moisturizing effects, it can alleviate tail fin wrinkling caused by dehydration by regulating the osmotic pressure balance within the zebrafish, reducing water loss from the body surface, or promoting water retention mechanisms, thus maintaining the normal shape and area of ​​the tail fin. By observing and quantifying the tail fin area of ​​zebrafish in the intervention group and the sodium chloride model group, it can be determined whether the sample has moisturizing effects if the tail fin area of ​​several intervention groups is significantly larger than that of the model group and closer to the normal level.

[0183] 3. Experimental groups: normal control group, model control group and four experimental groups. The experimental groups were respectively given the lipid composition prepared in Part (2) of Examples 1 to 7 (with one concentration of 0.8%).

[0184] 4. Treatment Method: Zebrafish 2 days post-fertilization (2 dpf) were randomly selected and cultured in 6-well plates (3 mL / well), with 30 fish per well. The control group was cultured normally. Both the model control group and the experimental group were exposed to 9 mg / mL NaCl solution. The experimental group received the lipid compositions from each example in addition to the model treatment. After 22 h, 10 zebrafish from each experimental group were randomly selected and photographed under a microscope. ImageJ advanced image processing software was used for analysis and data collection. The moisturizing effect of the lipid-based formula was evaluated by statistically analyzing the tail area of ​​the zebrafish. The moisturizing effect (%) was calculated according to the following formula:

[0185] .

[0186] 5. Experimental Results:

[0187] Table 3. Results of the moisturizing efficacy experiment (n = 10)

[0188]

[0189] The results showed that the tail area of ​​the zebrafish in the experimental group was increased compared with that of the model control group, revealing that the lipid compositions of Examples 1-7 have moisturizing effects.

[0190] Taking Example 1 as an example, the comparison photos of the tail area of ​​zebrafish in the normal control group, model control group, and experimental group in Example 2 are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The tail area (in pixels) of the zebrafish is shown in Table 4 and Figure 4 As shown.

[0191] Table 4. Tail area after 22 hours of exposure to the lipid composition in Example 2 (n = 10)

[0192]

[0193] Compared with the model control group, *** represents p < 0.001.

[0194] Example 3: Anti-aging effects

[0195] 1. Modeling Principle: When hydrogen peroxide enters the zebrafish, it decomposes to produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), triggering severe oxidative stress. Excessive ROS attacks intracellular biomolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids, causing oxidative damage. At the same time, it reduces the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and GSH-Px, exacerbating the oxidation-antioxidation imbalance, which in turn leads to accelerated cell aging and tissue function decline. This results in zebrafish exhibiting aging-related phenotypes such as decreased mobility, tissue damage, and shortened lifespan, thereby constructing a stable aging model and providing an experimental basis for screening anti-aging active samples.

[0196] 2. Anti-aging detection principle (β-galactosidase activity staining intensity): If a sample has anti-aging effects, it can reduce cell damage by clearing excess ROS and enhancing antioxidant capacity, or inhibit aging-related signaling pathways and delay cell aging, thereby reducing β-galactosidase activity. By observing and quantifying the β-galactosidase staining intensity of zebrafish in the sample intervention group and the hydrogen peroxide model group, if the staining intensity of several pre-groups is significantly lower than that of the model group and recovers to normal levels, it can be determined whether the sample has anti-aging effects.

[0197] 3. Experimental groups: normal control group, model control group and four experimental groups. The experimental groups were respectively given the lipid composition prepared in Part (2) of Examples 1 to 7 (with one concentration of 0.8%).

[0198] 4. Treatment Method: Zebrafish 6 hours post-fertilization (6 hpf) were randomly selected and cultured in 6-well plates, with 30 fish per well. The normal control group was cultured normally, while both the model control group and the experimental groups were given galactose. Simultaneously, the experimental groups were supplemented with the lipid compositions described in Examples 1-7. After 72 h of treatment, the zebrafish were fixed and stained using a β-galactosidase staining kit. Ten zebrafish from each experimental group were randomly selected and photographed under a dissecting microscope. The anti-aging efficacy of the lipid compositions was evaluated by statistically analyzing the average β-galactosidase staining intensity in the zebrafish.

[0199] Anti-aging efficacy (%) is calculated according to the following formula:

[0200]

[0201] 5. Experimental Results:

[0202] Table 5. Experimental results of anti-aging efficacy (n = 10)

[0203]

[0204] The results showed that the staining intensity of zebrafish β-galactosidase activity in Examples 1-7 was reduced compared with the model control group, revealing that the lipid compositions in Examples 1-7 have anti-aging effects.

[0205] Taking Example 1 as an example, the comparison photographs of staining intensity of zebrafish β-galactosidase activity in the normal control group, model control group, and experimental group in Example 2 are shown below. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The staining intensity (pixels) of zebrafish β-galactosidase activity in medium zebrafish is shown in Table 6 and Figure 6 As shown.

[0206] Table 6. Results of the anti-aging efficacy experiment of the lipid composition in Example 2 after 72 hours of exposure (n = 10)

[0207]

[0208] Compared with the model control group, *** represents p < 0.001.

[0209] Example 4: Spot-removing effect

[0210] 1. Modeling Principle: When menadione enters zebrafish, it triggers oxidative stress, producing excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS damage melanocyte function, promotes the upregulation of key genes for melanin synthesis, and exacerbates the abnormal deposition of melanin granules in the skin, forming a pigmentation phenotype similar to age spots. If the sample has a spot-removing effect, it can reduce abnormal melanin synthesis and deposition by clearing excess ROS in the body, inhibiting oxidative stress response, or downregulating the expression of key genes for melanin synthesis and inhibiting tyrosinase activity, thereby improving menadione-induced pigmentation and providing a model basis for evaluating spot-removing efficacy.

[0211] 2. Principle of Spot Removal Detection (Yogurt Sac Pigment Signal Intensity): If a sample has spot-removing effects, it can reduce abnormal melanin synthesis and deposition in the yogurt sac region by clearing excess ROS in the body, inhibiting oxidative stress, or downregulating the expression of key genes for melanin synthesis and inhibiting tyrosinase activity, thereby reducing pigment signal intensity. By observing and quantifying the pigment signal intensity of the zebrafish yogurt sac in the intervention group and the menadione model group, if the signal intensity of several intervention groups is significantly lower than that of the model group and recovers to normal levels, it can be determined whether the sample has spot-removing effects.

[0212] 3. Experimental groups: normal control group, model control group and four experimental groups. The experimental groups were respectively given the lipid composition prepared in Part (2) of Examples 1 to 7 (with one concentration of 0.8%).

[0213] 4. Treatment Method: Zebrafish 2 days post-fertilization (2 dpf) were randomly selected and cultured in 6-well plates (3 mL / well), with 30 fish per well. The control group was cultured normally, while both the model control group and the experimental group were exposed to 1.5 nM menadione solution. The experimental groups were treated with the lipid compositions described in Examples 1-7 in addition to the model treatment. After 24 h, 10 zebrafish from each experimental group were randomly selected and photographed under a microscope. ImageJ advanced image processing software was used to analyze and collect data. The pigment signal intensity of the yolk sac in the zebrafish head was statistically analyzed to evaluate the anti-pigmentation efficacy of the lipid compositions.

[0214] The freckle-removing efficacy (%) is calculated according to the following formula:

[0215]

[0216] 5. Experimental Results:

[0217] Table 7. Experimental results of the skin-lightening efficacy (n = 10)

[0218]

[0219] The results showed that the pigment signal intensity of zebrafish yolk sacs in Examples 1-7 was reduced compared with the model control group, revealing that the lipid compositions in Examples 1-7 have a skin-lightening effect.

[0220] Taking Example 1 as an example, the comparison photographs of yolk sac pigment signal intensity of the normal control group, model control group, and experimental group in Example 2 are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The results of the pigment signal intensity (pixels) in the yolk sac of zebrafish are shown in Table 8 and Figure 8 As shown.

[0221] Table 8. Pigment signal intensity in yolk sac after 24 hours of exposure to the lipid composition in Example 2 (n = 10)

[0222]

[0223] Compared with the model control group, *** represents p < 0.001.

[0224] Example 5: Increases skin elasticity

[0225] 1. Principle of Skin Elasticity (Firmness) Detection (Relative Expression Level of Zebrafish elna Gene): The elna gene is a key gene for the synthesis of elastin in zebrafish. Elastin is a core structural protein that maintains the elasticity of skin and connective tissue, achieving a firming effect. Its expression level directly determines the tissue elasticity level. When the elasticity of skin or connective tissue decreases, the relative expression level of the elna gene will significantly decrease. If a sample has a firming effect, it can promote the synthesis and accumulation of elastin by activating the transcription and expression of the elna gene, thereby improving tissue elasticity and restoring firmness. By using techniques such as real-time quantitative PCR, the relative expression level of the elna gene in zebrafish from the intervention group and the normal group was detected and compared. The elna expression level in several intervention groups was significantly higher than that in the normal group, which can determine whether the sample has a firming effect.

[0226] 2. Principle of Skin Elasticity Enhancement (Anti-wrinkle) Detection (Relative Expression Level of Zebrafish cola1a1b Gene): The cola1a1b gene is a key gene in zebrafish responsible for encoding the α1 chain of type I collagen. Type I collagen is a core structural protein in the dermis of the skin, and the collagen fiber network it forms provides support and elasticity to the skin, directly determining the skin's anti-wrinkle ability. When wrinkles appear due to aging, UV damage, etc., collagen fibers break or are lost, accompanied by a decrease in the relative expression level of the cola1a1b gene. If a sample has anti-wrinkle effects, it can activate the transcription of the cola1a1b gene by regulating related signaling pathways, promoting the synthesis and deposition of type I collagen, enhancing skin support, and thus improving wrinkles. By detecting and comparing the relative expression level of the cola1a1b gene in zebrafish from the intervention group and the normal group using real-time quantitative PCR, the significantly higher expression level of this gene in the intervention group compared to the normal group can be used to determine whether the sample has anti-wrinkle effects.

[0227] 3. Experimental groups: normal control group and four experimental groups, each of which was given the lipid composition prepared in part (2) of Examples 1-7 (with one concentration of 0.8%).

[0228] 4. Treatment Method: Zebrafish 4 days post-fertilization (4 dpf) were randomly selected and cultured in 6-well plates, with 30 fish per well. The control group was cultured normally, while the experimental groups were treated with the lipid compositions described in Examples 1-7 for 24 h. After washing the solution, RNA was extracted, reverse transcribed, and detected using a real-time quantitative PCR instrument. The skin elasticity-enhancing effect of Lipo-Enhancing was evaluated by statistically analyzing the relative expression levels of the elna and cola1a1b genes in zebrafish.

[0229] The percentage of skin elasticity enhancement is calculated using the following formula:

[0230]

[0231] 5. Experimental Results:

[0232] Table 9. Experimental results of the skin elasticity-enhancing effect (n = 10)

[0233]

[0234] The results showed that, compared with the normal control group, the zebrafish in Examples 1-7 all had increased relative expression levels of the elna and cola1a1b genes, revealing that the lipid compositions in Examples 1-7 had the effect of enhancing skin elasticity.

[0235] Taking Example 1 as an example, the relative expression levels of the elna gene in the normal control group and the experimental group in Example 2 are as follows: Figure 9 As shown in Table 10, the relative expression levels of the cola1a1b gene are as follows: Figure 10 As shown in Table 10.

[0236] Table 10. Relative expression levels of the elna and cola1a1b genes in zebrafish after 24 hours of exposure to the lipid composition in Example 2 (n = 10)

[0237]

[0238] Compared with the normal control group, * represents p < 0.05, and ** represents p < 0.01.

[0239] The animal feeding and treatment methods and statistical analysis methods in Examples 1-4 above are as follows:

[0240] Animal rearing and treatment: Adult zebrafish were housed in a recirculating aquaculture system at a temperature maintained at 28°C, with a photocycle of 14 hours (h) light / 10 hours (h) darkness. They were fed three times daily. To obtain embryos, sexually mature zebrafish were paired at a 1:1 female-to-male ratio at night and separated by a baffle. The baffle was removed within one hour of the start of the next photocycle to allow for natural spawning. The collected embryos were placed in a 1×E3 solution (10 cm diameter petri dish) containing 0.3 ppm methylene blue and cultured in a 28.5°C artificial climate chamber (14 h / 10 h light / dark) until the experimental treatment stage.

[0241] Statistical analysis: Data analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 8.0 statistical software. Quantitative data are expressed as mean ± standard error (mean ± SEM). Independent samples t-tests were used for comparisons between groups. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

[0242] The phytosterol data of the shea butter used in the above embodiments are shown in Table 11:

[0243] Table 11. Data on phytosterols in shea butter

[0244]

[0245] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0246] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims, and the specification and drawings can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a structural lipid, characterized in that, include: The structured lipid is obtained by reacting 12-45 parts by weight of C8-C10 medium-chain triglycerides, 20-35 parts by weight of the first oil, 20-39 parts by weight of the second oil, and 2-10 parts by weight of the third oil, and then refining it. The first oil contains at least one of borage seed oil, blackcurrant seed oil, and evening primrose oil; The second oil contains at least one of shea butter and avocado oil; The third oil contains at least one of grape seed oil, mango butter, cocoa butter, and camellia oil.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ester exchange enzyme is a sn-1,3 position specific lipase; Optionally, the transesterification enzyme includes one or more of Aspergillus oryzae lipase, CALB lipase, Candida antarcticis lipase, immobilized lipase Novozym 435, Lipozyme RM, Lipozyme TM, Lipozyme IM, Chiralzyme® IM-100, and IM-NE100; Optionally, the amount of the transesterification enzyme used is 3% to 6% of the total oil weight in the reaction system.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction conditions catalyzed by transesterification enzymes include: a reaction temperature of 60℃~70℃, a reaction time of 24 h~26 h, and a vacuum degree of 50 Pa~100 Pa in the reaction environment. Optionally, the reactor for the transesterification enzyme-catalyzed reaction is one of an ultrasonic packed column reactor, an ultrasonic bed reactor, or a commercially available reactor. Further optionally, the reactor for the transesterification enzyme-catalyzed reaction is one or more of the following: an immobilized enzyme ultrasonic packed column reactor, an immobilized enzyme ultrasonic bed reactor, a stirred reactor, a closed container reactor, and a reactor with a lipase collection device.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refining process includes deodorizing the material after the reaction is catalyzed by transesterification enzyme; Optionally, steam deodorization is used, and the deodorization conditions include: the oil temperature during the deodorization process is 180℃~230℃, the deodorization time is 1 h~3 h, the deodorization steam temperature is 150℃~250℃, and the vacuum degree of the deodorization environment is 50 Pa~250 Pa.

5. The structural lipid prepared by any one of the preparation methods of claims 1 to 4.

6. A lipid composition, characterized in that, It comprises the structural lipids of claim 5, as well as astaxanthin and epigallocatechin gallate.

7. The lipid composition according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lipid composition comprises Haematococcus pluvialis oil, which contains the astaxanthin.

8. A composition or formulation, characterized in that, It comprises the structural lipid of claim 5 or the lipid composition of claim 6 or 7, and excipients.

9. The composition or formulation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The composition may include a topical dosage form and an oral dosage form, or the formulation may include a topical dosage form and an oral dosage form; Optionally, the topical dosage forms include toners, creams, lotions, serums, and masks; Optionally, the topical dosage form is a face cream, wherein the weight ratio of the structured lipid or lipid composition in the face cream to the remaining ingredients in the face cream is 5:5 to 4:

1. Optionally, oral dosage forms include capsules; Further optionally, the capsule includes a soft capsule; Further optionally, the content of the structural lipid or the lipid composition in the soft capsule is 500-850 mg / soft capsule.

10. The use of the structural lipid of claim 5, the lipid composition of claim 6 or 7, or the composition or formulation of claim 8 or 9 in the preparation of a product for achieving at least one of the effects of whitening, moisturizing, anti-aging, spot removal, and increasing skin elasticity.

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