A separator internal flow stabilizing device with adaptive damping valve

Abstract

The application discloses a separator internal flow stabilizing device with an adaptive damping valve and relates to the technical field of fluid mechanical separation equipment. The device comprises a cylinder body, a main shaft box arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body, a seal arranged between the main shaft box and the cylinder body, a main shaft rotatably arranged in the main shaft box, a feeding port arranged at the upper end side of the cylinder body, an adaptive damping valve module arranged on the feeding port, a discharging port arranged at the lower end of the cylinder body, a stirring shaft fixedly connected with the main shaft and arranged in the cylinder body, stirring blades uniformly fixedly arranged on the stirring shaft, a flow stabilizing cover fixedly arranged on the stirring shaft, an elastic material used for the flow stabilizing cover, and a flow gap arranged between the outer side of the flow stabilizing cover and the inner wall of the cylinder body. The application realizes stepless self-adaptive adjustment of the flow channel shape and the gap with the rotating speed, automatically converges the flow channel to stabilize the flow and reduce the resistance at high speed, automatically expands the flow channel to prolong the residence time at low speed, and solves the problem that the fixed flow channel cannot adapt to variable working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fluid mechanical separation equipment technology, specifically to a flow field stabilization device inside a container for centrifugal separation, liquid-solid separation or mixing reaction, and particularly to a separator internal flow stabilization device integrating adaptive feed flow rate regulation and internal flow field dynamic stabilization structure. Background Technology

[0002] In centrifugal separation or continuous mixing processes in industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical, and food processing, the materials to be processed typically enter a high-speed rotating separator or reactor shell through a feed inlet. Traditional separators primarily rely on fixed-structure guide plates or static flow stabilizers for internal flow field guidance, which has the following significant drawbacks:

[0003] Unable to adapt to changes in operating conditions: When the spindle speed changes due to process requirements (such as from low-speed start-up to high-speed separation, or adjusting the speed according to material characteristics), the fixed flow channel cannot match the changed fluid dynamic characteristics. At high speeds, it is easy to generate severe eddies and boundary layer separation, resulting in increased pressure loss, increased energy consumption, and induced equipment vibration; at low speeds, the narrow flow channel may lead to insufficient residence time for small particles, resulting in incomplete separation or reaction.

[0004] Passive vibration control: Equipment vibration mainly relies on external damping devices or increasing structural stiffness to suppress it, without actively adjusting it from the source of the flow field, resulting in limited effectiveness and increased costs.

[0005] Feed control is disconnected from the internal flow field: The feed valve is mostly manually or simply electrically controlled, and cannot be quickly and accurately adjusted according to the real-time flow field status (such as pressure and flow rate) inside the cylinder. Feed fluctuations will directly interfere with the stability of the internal flow field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an internal flow stabilization device for a separator with an adaptive damping valve. This device achieves adaptive change of the flow channel gap with the rotational speed through a combination design of an elastic flow stabilizing cover and a counterweight; and achieves precise closed-loop control of the feed flow rate through an adaptive damping valve linked to an internal sensor, thereby optimizing the flow field, improving separation efficiency, and significantly reducing equipment vibration across the entire operating range.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] An internal flow stabilization device for a separator with an adaptive damping valve includes a cylinder, a main shaft drive system, an internal flow stabilization component, and an adaptive feed control module.

[0009] The cylinder is vertically arranged, with a main shaft box connected to its upper end via a sealing structure, and a discharge port at its lower end. A main shaft driven by an external power source is installed inside the main shaft box, extending into the cylinder.

[0010] The internal flow stabilizing assembly includes a stirring shaft, stirring blades, and a core elastic flow stabilizing cover. The stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the main shaft and rotates with it. The stirring blades are uniformly fixed on the stirring shaft for mixing materials. The elastic flow stabilizing cover is fixedly sleeved on the stirring shaft, located below or between the stirring blades. Its key feature is that the flow stabilizing cover is funnel-shaped, wider at the bottom and narrower at the top, with the funnel opening facing downwards, and the entire flow stabilizing cover is made of an elastic material (such as corrosion-resistant rubber, silicone, or elastic polymer composite material). In a natural state (at rest or extremely low speed), an annular flow gap is formed between the outer side of the flow stabilizing cover and the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0011] To achieve adaptive adjustment, a number of counterweights are uniformly embedded or fixed circumferentially on the outer wall (preferably the lower middle part) of the flow stabilizer. The counterweights are preferably made of high-density materials such as lead alloy.

[0012] Its adaptive current stabilization principle is as follows:

[0013] High-speed operation: When the main shaft rotates at high speed, the counterweight undergoes outward radial displacement under the strong centrifugal force, forcing the elastic flow stabilizer to expand and deform outward. This results in an increase in the radial dimension of the lower edge of the bell mouth, thereby reducing the flow clearance. This narrowed clearance produces a "Venturi tube" effect on the fluid, increasing the fluid velocity and decreasing the static pressure. This helps suppress boundary layer separation at the cylinder wall, making the streamlines smoother, significantly reducing eddy current drag and pressure fluctuations, thus stabilizing the flow field and reducing equipment vibration caused by flow field turbulence. At the same time, the mass distribution of the counterweight changes the rotational inertia and dynamic characteristics of the system, helping to suppress axial vibration modes of specific frequencies.

[0014] Low-speed operation: When the spindle speed decreases, the centrifugal force acting on the counterweight weakens, and the elastic flow stabilizer contracts inward under the elastic restoring force of its own material. The radial dimension of the flared opening shrinks, increasing the flow gap. This expanded flow channel reduces the fluid velocity, prolonging the axial movement and residence time of materials (especially small particles or components requiring long reaction times) within the cylinder, thereby improving separation efficiency or the degree of mixing reaction.

[0015] The adaptive feed control module includes an adaptive damping valve module located at the feed inlet on the upper side of the cylinder, and sensors (such as pressure sensors, flow sensors, or vibration sensors) located inside the cylinder. The damping valve module is essentially an electrically controlled regulating valve, preferably comprising: a valve body, a stationary valve plate, and a moving valve plate located inside the valve body. The stationary valve plate has a through hole. The moving valve plate is connected to a rotating shaft driven by a servo motor and can rotate relative to the stationary valve plate. By controlling the rotation angle of the moving valve plate, the area it covers in the through hole of the stationary valve plate can be continuously adjusted, thereby precisely controlling the flow rate from the inlet to the outlet (i.e., the feed inlet into the cylinder) of the valve body. The servo motor is electrically connected to the sensors inside the cylinder, forming a closed-loop control system. The sensors monitor the flow field status in real time (such as whether the internal pressure exceeds limits or the flow rate is stable) and feed the signals back to the control system. The control system drives the servo motor to adjust the opening of the damping valve, ensuring that the feed flow rate always matches the optimal requirements of the current internal flow field, preventing overload or fluctuations, and further enhancing overall stability.

[0016] To further optimize performance, the present invention also includes the following preferred features that can be combined with each other:

[0017] Counterweight placement: The counterweight is preferably embedded and fixed inside the flow stabilizer wall, so that its outer surface smoothly transitions with the outer contour of the flow stabilizer, avoiding unnecessary disturbance to the fluid. The upper outer surface of the flow stabilizer can remain flat without a counterweight to ensure a stable flow pattern in this area.

[0018] Cylinder heat dissipation structure: The cylinder can adopt a double-layer structure, including an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, with a sealed heat dissipation gap between them. Coolant can flow through the heat dissipation gap (entering from the lower inlet and exiting from the upper outlet), and heat dissipation fins are provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder to efficiently dissipate the heat generated during the separation process or reaction, maintaining a stable process temperature.

[0019] Anti-back-mixing structure: A downwardly expanding, trumpet-shaped anti-back-mixing skirt can be fixedly installed at the lower edge of the inner cylinder. Its double-layer design (inner layer is a polyurethane wear-resistant layer, outer layer is a silicone rubber elastic layer) combines wear resistance with buffering and sealing functions. This skirt effectively prevents settled or separated materials from back-mixing due to bottom flow field disturbances, ensuring separation purity. The trumpet angle is preferably 30-45 degrees to balance the guiding effect and structural strength.

[0020] Spindle box sealing and lubrication: The spindle box adopts an integrated sealing and lubrication design. The spindle is supported in the bushing by bearings, and an inner cavity filled with lubricating oil is formed between the spindle and the bushing. High-performance sealing components are provided at both ends. This structure ensures smooth spindle rotation, sufficient lubrication, and no leakage, and together with the internal flow stabilization components, it ensures long-term reliable operation of the equipment.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the device provided by the present invention has the following outstanding advantages:

[0022] Full-condition adaptive flow field optimization: The flow channel shape and clearance are infinitely adaptively adjusted with rotational speed through "elastic flow stabilizer + counterweight". At high speed, the flow channel automatically converges to stabilize the flow and reduce resistance, and at low speed, the flow channel automatically expands to extend the residence time, solving the problem that fixed flow channels cannot adapt to changing operating conditions.

[0023] Significant vibration source suppression effect: This design not only indirectly reduces fluid excitation force by optimizing the flow field, but also directly changes the mode and amplitude of structural vibration through the dynamic tuning effect of the counterweight, achieving dual vibration suppression from the flow field to the structure, effectively extending the equipment life.

[0024] Intelligent feeding and internal flow field coordination: The adaptive damping valve module dynamically adjusts the feeding based on real-time flow field sensor data, forming a closed loop of "internal state feedback - feeding feedforward control", which minimizes feeding disturbance and improves internal flow stabilization.

[0025] High functional integration and reliability: This invention organically integrates multiple functions such as flow stabilization, vibration reduction, heat dissipation, anti-back-mixing, and sealing lubrication into one compact structure. The synergistic effect of each component significantly improves the overall operating efficiency, process quality and reliability of the separator. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure label annotations:

[0032] 1-Cylinder body; 101-Inner cylinder body; 102-Outer cylinder body; 103-Heat dissipation gap; 104-Sealing plate; 105-Coolant inlet; 106-Coolant outlet; 107-Heat dissipation fins; 108-Anti-backflow skirt; 2-Spindle box; 201-Spindle; 202-Busset; 203-Bearing; 204-Sealing assembly; 205-External frame; 206-Lubrication cavity; 3-Feed inlet; 4-Adaptive damping valve module; 41-Bearing seat; 42-Rotating bearing; 43-Rotating shaft; 44-Moving valve plate; 45-Valve body; 46-Static valve plate; 47-Servo motor; 48-Through hole; 49-Inlet; 410-Outlet; 5-Discharge outlet; 6-Agitator shaft; 7-Agitator blade; 8-Flow stabilizer; 9-Flow gap; 10-Counterweight. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following embodiments will describe the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings or description, similar or identical parts are referred to by the same reference numerals, and in practical applications, the shape, thickness, or height of each component may be enlarged or reduced. The embodiments listed in this invention are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any obvious modifications or changes made to this invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a separator internal flow stabilization device with an adaptive damping valve is characterized by comprising a cylinder 1, a main shaft box 2 at the upper end of the cylinder 1, the main shaft box 2 and the cylinder 1 being sealed together, a main shaft 201 being rotatably mounted inside the main shaft box 2, the main shaft 201 being driven by a motor (not shown in the figure), a feed inlet 3 at the upper side of the cylinder 1, an adaptive damping valve module 4 being mounted on the feed inlet 3, a discharge outlet 5 at the lower end of the cylinder 1, a stirring shaft 6 fixedly connected to the main shaft 201 inside the cylinder 1, stirring blades 7 being uniformly fixedly mounted on the stirring shaft 6, and a flow stabilizing shroud 8 being fixedly mounted on the stirring shaft 6, the flow stabilizing shroud 8 being funnel-shaped with the funnel opening facing downwards, the flow stabilizing shroud 8 being made of an elastic material, and a flow gap 9 being provided between the outer side of the flow stabilizing shroud 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1. The flow stabilizer 8 is made of oil- and corrosion-resistant fluororubber material. It is a typical horn shape with a small diameter at the top, which is fixed to the stirring shaft 6. The horn mouth at the bottom has a large diameter and is naturally kept at a certain distance from the inner wall of the cylinder 1, forming an annular flow gap 9.

[0035] Counterweights 10 are evenly fixed on the outer side of the flow stabilizer 8, and the upper part of the outer side of the flow stabilizer 8 remains flat.

[0036] The counterweight 10 is made of lead alloy. The counterweight 9 is embedded and fixed inside the outer side of the flow stabilizer 8, and the lower part of the outer side of the flow stabilizer 8 remains flat. The counterweight 9 is covered with rubber and integrally vulcanized with the flow stabilizer 8 to ensure a firm connection and a smooth outer surface.

[0037] The cylinder 1 includes an inner cylinder 101 and an outer cylinder 102. A heat dissipation gap 103 is provided between the inner cylinder 101 and the outer cylinder 102. Both ends of the heat dissipation gap 103 are sealed by sealing plates 104. A coolant inlet 105 is provided on the upper side of the outer cylinder 102 of the heat dissipation gap 103, and a coolant outlet 106 is provided on the lower side of the outer cylinder 102 of the heat dissipation gap 103. Heat dissipation fins 107 are uniformly fixedly arranged on the inner cylinder 101 inside the heat dissipation gap 103 to enhance heat exchange.

[0038] A ring of anti-backflow skirt 108 is fixedly installed on the side of the lower end of the inner cylinder 101. The anti-backflow skirt 108 is trumpet-shaped, and the trumpet opening of the anti-backflow skirt 108 gradually expands downward.

[0039] The anti-backflow skirt 108 has a double-layer structure, with an inner polyurethane wear-resistant layer and an outer silicone rubber elastic layer. The flared angle of the anti-backflow skirt 108 is 45 degrees.

[0040] The spindle box 2 includes a bushing 202, a bearing 203, a sealing assembly 204, and an external frame 205. The two ends of the spindle 201 are rotatably connected to the bushing 202 through the bearing 203. An inner cavity 206 is provided between the middle of the spindle 201 and the bushing 202. The inner cavity 206 is filled with lubricating oil. The sealing assembly 204 is sealed between the outer side of the bearing 203 and the end of the bushing 202. The external frame 204 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bushing 202.

[0041] The damping valve module includes a valve body 45, bearing seats 41 at both ends of the valve body, a rotating shaft 43 connected to the bearing seats 41 via a rotating bearing 42, a moving valve plate 44 fixedly disposed on the outside of the rotating shaft 43, a stationary valve plate 46 disposed on the inside of the valve body 45 and in contact with the moving valve plate 44, a servo motor 47 fixed on the outside of the valve body 45, and a sensor disposed inside the cylinder 1 and electrically connected to the servo motor 47. The output shaft of the sensing actuator 47 is connected to the inner end of the rotating shaft 43 and can drive it to rotate in both directions. The stationary valve plate 46 is provided with a through hole 48. When the servo motor 47 drives the moving valve plate 44 to rotate, it is used to control the size of the moving valve plate 44 covering the exposed through hole 48. The side of the valve body and the outside of the moving valve plate 44 and the stationary valve plate 46 are respectively provided with an inlet 49 and an outlet 410.

[0042] Working principle and process:

[0043] When the equipment starts, the material enters from the external pipeline through the inlet 49 of the adaptive damping valve module 4. Initially, the servo motor 47 sets the moving valve plate 44 to a certain opening degree according to a preset program. The material enters the cylinder 1 through the outlet 410 and the feed inlet 3.

[0044] The main shaft 201 starts to rotate, driving the stirring shaft 6, the stirring blade 7 and the flow stabilizer 8 to rotate together.

[0045] As the rotational speed increases, the centrifugal force on the counterweight 10 increases, pulling the flow stabilizer 8 outward and causing its lower flared end to expand outward, resulting in a gradual narrowing of the flow gap 9. This narrowing of the flow channel accelerates the fluid, stabilizes the wall flow layer, and reduces turbulence and pressure fluctuations. Simultaneously, a pressure sensor inside the cylinder 1 monitors the flow in real time. If the internal pressure exceeds a set threshold due to excessive feeding or increased rotational speed, the sensor signal instructs the control unit to command the servo motor 47 to reduce the opening of the moving valve 44, decreasing the feed rate until the pressure returns to equilibrium.

[0046] When the rotational speed decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, the flow stabilizer 8 retracts inward due to its own elasticity, the flow gap 9 increases, the flow rate slows down, and the material residence time increases. If the internal pressure is too low, the control system can appropriately increase the opening of the adaptive damping valve module 4 to increase the feed.

[0047] During continuous operation: The coolant circulates within the heat dissipation gap 103, carrying away the heat from the inner cylinder 101. The anti-backflow skirt 108 gently conforms to the accumulated material layer, preventing it from being disturbed and mixed by the rising flow. The lubrication system of the spindle box 2 ensures the smooth operation of the spindle 201.

[0048] This invention achieves intelligent, efficient, and stable operation of the internal flow field of the separator across the entire operating range by combining the aforementioned mechanical and electronic adaptive methods.

[0049] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A flow stabilizing device inside a separator with an adaptive damping valve, characterized in that, The device includes a cylinder (1), a spindle box (2) is provided at the upper end of the cylinder (1), the spindle box (2) and the cylinder (1) are sealed together, a spindle (201) is rotatably provided inside the spindle box (2), a feed inlet (3) is provided on the upper side of the cylinder (1), an adaptive damping valve module (4) is provided on the feed inlet (3), a discharge port (5) is provided at the lower end of the cylinder (1), a stirring shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the spindle (201) inside the cylinder (1), stirring blades (7) are evenly fixed on the stirring shaft (6), and a flow stabilizer (8) is also fixedly provided on the stirring shaft (6). The flow stabilizer (8) is horn-shaped and the horn mouth is facing downward. The material of the flow stabilizer (8) is elastic material, and a flow gap (9) is provided between the outer side of the flow stabilizer (8) and the inner wall of the cylinder (1).

2. The internal flow stabilizing device for a separator with an adaptive damping valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the flow stabilizer (8) is uniformly fixed with counterweights (10), and the upper part of the outer side of the flow stabilizer (8) remains flat.

3. The internal flow stabilizing device for a separator with an adaptive damping valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The counterweight (10) is made of lead alloy.

4. The internal flow stabilizing device for a separator with an adaptive damping valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The counterweight (9) is embedded and fixed inside the outer side of the flow stabilizer (8), and the lower part of the outer side of the flow stabilizer (8) remains flat.

5. The internal flow stabilizing device for a separator with an adaptive damping valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder (1) includes an inner cylinder (101) and an outer cylinder (102). A heat dissipation gap (103) is provided between the inner cylinder (101) and the outer cylinder (102). The two ends of the heat dissipation gap (103) are sealed by a sealing plate (104). A coolant inlet (105) is provided on the upper side of the outer cylinder (102) of the heat dissipation gap (103). A coolant outlet (106) is provided on the lower side of the outer cylinder (102) of the heat dissipation gap (103). Heat dissipation fins (107) are uniformly fixed on the inner cylinder (101) inside the heat dissipation gap (103).

6. The internal flow stabilizing device for a separator with an adaptive damping valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, A ring of anti-backflow skirt (108) is fixedly provided on the side of the lower end of the inner cylinder (101). The anti-backflow skirt (108) is flared and the flared opening of the anti-backflow skirt (108) gradually expands downward.

7. The internal flow stabilizing device for a separator with an adaptive damping valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anti-backflow skirt (108) has a double-layer structure, with an inner layer of polyurethane wear-resistant layer and an outer layer of silicone rubber elastic layer. The flared angle of the anti-backflow skirt (108) is 30-45 degrees.

8. The internal flow stabilizing device for a separator with an adaptive damping valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spindle box (2) includes a bushing (202), a bearing (203), a sealing assembly (204), and an external frame (205). The two ends of the spindle (201) are rotatably connected to the bushing (202) through the bearing (203). An inner cavity (206) is provided between the middle part of the spindle (201) and the bushing (202). The inner cavity (206) is filled with lubricating oil. The sealing assembly (204) is sealed between the outer side of the bearing (203) and the end of the bushing (202). The external frame (204) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bushing (202).

9. A flow stabilizing device inside a separator with an adaptive damping valve according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The damping valve module includes a valve body (45), bearing seats (41) at both ends of the valve body, a rotating shaft (43) connected to the bearing seats (41) via a rotating bearing (42), a moving valve plate (44) fixedly disposed on the outside of the rotating shaft (43), a stationary valve plate (46) disposed on the inside of the valve body (45) and in contact with the moving valve plate (44), a servo motor (47) fixed on the outside of the valve body (45), and a device disposed inside the cylinder (1) and electrically connected to the servo motor (47). The connected sensor and the output shaft of the sensing actuator (47) are connected to the inner end of the rotating shaft (43), which can drive it to rotate in both directions. The stationary valve plate (46) is provided with a through hole (48). When the servo motor (47) drives the moving valve plate (44) to rotate, it is used to control the size of the exposed through hole (48) covered by the moving valve plate (44). The side of the valve body and the outer side of the moving valve plate (44) and the stationary valve plate (46) are respectively provided with an inlet (49) and an outlet (410).

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