A pneumatic pressure driven guniting machine

Abstract

The application discloses a pneumatic pressure driving guniting machine and relates to the technical field of guniting machines, which comprises a guniting machine base, a hopper, an upper cover and a pneumatic motor. The hopper is installed on one side above the guniting machine base, and the pneumatic motor is installed on the other side above the guniting machine base. The upper cover is installed above the hopper. A feeding port is welded in the middle of the upper cover. An anti-airflow assembly is installed on the surface of the upper cover and located at the feeding port. In the application, the dust inside the hopper and the feeding port is blown back by the airflow of the air outlet, so that a large amount of cement and aggregate dust inside the hopper is prevented from overflowing from the feeding port. The rotation of the fixed shaft makes the first fixed plate rotate relative to the second fixed plate, and the first fixed ring rotates relative to the second fixed ring, so that the isolation plate is closed and the sieve hole is closed, thereby preventing the dust from being discharged from the feeding port. The dust can be recycled, or the isolation plate is opened and the sieve hole is opened, without affecting the feeding of the material from the feeding port into the hopper.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shotcrete machine technology, specifically to a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine. Background Technology

[0002] Shotcrete machines are specialized engineering machines that use compressed air or mechanical pumps to spray concrete, mortar, or refractory materials at high speed onto the surface to be sprayed, achieving rapid support, reinforcement, repair, or coating. They are widely used in mining tunnels, slopes, municipal works, water conservancy and hydropower projects, industrial furnaces, and other projects. Pneumatic shotcrete machines are specialized equipment that use compressed air as a power source to drive the entire machine and transport the sprayed material. In the existing technology, pneumatically driven shotcrete machines have certain drawbacks. Because the hopper inlet is an open structure, the dust inside the hopper is very easy to escape from the inlet, causing a large amount of cement and aggregate dust to drift out from the inlet, resulting in excessive dust concentration in the working area. The overflowing dust easily adheres to the surface of components such as pneumatic motors, seals, and pipelines, accelerating component wear and increasing the frequency of equipment maintenance. There is no dust return structure inside the hopper, so the overflowing dust cannot be recovered. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine to solve the problems mentioned in the background art: dust inside the hopper easily escapes from the feed inlet, causing a large amount of cement and aggregate dust to drift out from the feed inlet, resulting in excessive dust concentration in the working area; overflowing dust easily adheres to the surface of components such as pneumatic motors, seals, and pipelines, accelerating component wear and increasing equipment maintenance frequency; and there is no dust return structure inside the hopper, making it impossible to recover overflowing dust.

[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A pneumatically driven shotcrete machine includes a shotcrete machine base, a hopper, a top cover, and a pneumatic motor. The hopper is installed on one side above the shotcrete machine base, and the pneumatic motor is installed on the other side above the shotcrete machine base. The top cover is installed above the hopper, and a feed inlet is welded to the middle of the top cover. A reverse airflow assembly is installed on the surface of the top cover at the feed inlet. The reverse airflow assembly includes a mounting plate welded to the lower surface of the top cover. Two connecting air pipes are welded to the surface of the mounting plate and connected to the air outlet of an air pump. A fixing frame is welded to the lower surface of the mounting plate. An airflow cavity for airflow is formed between the mounting plate and the fixing frame. A plurality of air jets are opened on the inner wall of the airflow cavity. The air jets are used to reverse the dust in the middle of the feed inlet.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the jet nozzles is arranged in a circular array on the side wall of the fixed frame, with each jet nozzle facing downwards at an angle, and the airflow direction of the jet nozzles is opposite to the direction of the dust overflowing from the inside of the hopper.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two connecting air pipes are symmetrical about the axis of the mounting plate, and each of the two connecting air pipes is provided with a connecting joint at its end. The connecting joint is connected to the air outlet of the air pump through a connecting pipe.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing frame is provided with a protective component, which includes a first fixing ring and a second fixing ring. The second fixing ring is fitted onto the outer wall of the inner ring of the airflow cavity, and the first fixing ring is fitted onto the outside of the second fixing ring. The side walls of the first fixing ring and the side walls of the second fixing ring are provided with a plurality of sieve holes. The top of the side wall of the first fixing ring is provided with two first mating teeth. The mounting plate and the top cover are provided with two fixing shafts. The ends of the two fixing shafts and located at the two first mating teeth are respectively provided with spur gears. The spur gears mesh with the first mating teeth. The first mating teeth and the spur gears are used to drive the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring to rotate relative to each other. The first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are used to control the overlap and misalignment of the sieve holes.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sieve holes of the first fixing ring and the sieve holes of the second fixing ring are arranged in a ring array. The two first mating teeth and the two spur gears are arranged in a ring array at the top of the side wall of the first fixing ring. The bottom end of the fixing shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting plate, and the middle of the fixing shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the upper cover.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter of the first fixing ring is the same as the outer diameter of the second fixing ring, and the inner wall of the first fixing ring and the outer wall of the second fixing ring rotate relative to each other. The sieve hole of the second fixing ring is connected to the air jet port, and the central angle of the first mating tooth is greater than the central angle of the two adjacent sieve holes.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an anti-overflow component is provided between the top end of the second fixing ring and the lower surface of the mounting plate. The anti-overflow component includes a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate. The second fixing plate is welded to the top end of the inner ring of the fixing frame. A first fixing groove is formed on the surface of the first fixing plate, and a second fixing groove is formed on the surface of the second fixing plate. A plurality of isolation plates are installed between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate. A first connecting pin and a second connecting pin are welded to the upper and lower surfaces of the isolation plates, respectively. The isolation plates are used to open and close the inner ring of the fixing frame.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a reserved groove is provided at the edge of the first fixed plate and at both fixed shafts, and a third mating tooth is provided on the inner wall of the two reserved grooves. A second mating tooth is provided on the cylindrical surface of the fixed shaft at the third mating tooth. The second mating tooth meshes with the third mating tooth, and the second and third mating teeth are used to drive the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate to rotate relative to each other.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulating plate, the first fixing groove and the second fixing groove are arranged in a circular array about the axis of the first fixing plate. The shape of the first fixing groove and the shape of the second fixing groove are both arc-shaped. The first connecting pin slides with the first fixing groove and the second connecting pin slides with the second fixing groove.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the tips of each of the baffle plates approach the axis of the first fixed plate, the spur gear drives the screen holes of the first fixed ring to be misaligned with those of the second fixed ring, preventing dust inside the hopper from entering the airflow chamber or overflowing from the outside of the top cover. When the tips of each of the baffle plates move away from the axis of the first fixed plate, the spur gear drives the screen holes of the first fixed ring to coincide with those of the second fixed ring, causing the dust inside the hopper to be blown away by the airflow. Rotating the fixed shaft causes the first fixed plate to rotate relative to the second fixed plate, and simultaneously the first fixed ring to rotate relative to the second fixed ring, closing the baffle plates and the screen holes, thereby preventing dust from being discharged from the feed inlet and allowing for dust recycling. Alternatively, the baffle plates and screen holes can be opened without affecting the material entering the hopper from the feed inlet.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Equipped with a reverse airflow component, the airflow from the air pump enters the interior of the airflow chamber, causing the airflow to be ejected from the downward-sloping jet nozzle. The dust inside the hopper and feed inlet is blown away by the reverse airflow from the jet nozzle, preventing a large amount of cement and aggregate dust inside the hopper from overflowing from the feed inlet. A protective component is provided, which utilizes the relative rotation of the first fixed ring and the second fixed ring so that the screen holes of the first fixed ring coincide with or are offset from the screen holes of the second fixed ring, thereby controlling whether the airflow in the jet nozzle is ejected. Equipped with an anti-overflow component, the first and second fixed plates rotate relative to each other, causing the positions of each baffle plate to change. This controls the opening and closing of the channel at the feed inlet, preventing dust inside the hopper from overflowing from the feed inlet and reducing the frequency of equipment maintenance. The protective components and the anti-overflow components are linked. Rotating the fixed shaft causes the first fixed plate to rotate relative to the second fixed plate, and at the same time, the first fixed ring rotates relative to the second fixed ring, causing the baffle plate and the screen holes to close, thereby preventing dust from being discharged from the feed inlet and recycling the dust. Alternatively, the baffle plate and the screen holes can be opened, without affecting the material entering the hopper from the feed inlet. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the main body of a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover and feed inlet of a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an airflow reversing component for a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the jet nozzle of a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a protective component for a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a spur gear and a first mating gear in a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an anti-overflow component for a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the first and second fixing plates of a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second and third mating teeth of a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Shotcrete machine base; 2. Hopper; 3. Top cover; 4. Feed inlet; 5. Anti-airflow assembly; 51. Mounting plate; 52. Fixing frame; 53. Airflow chamber; 54. Connecting air pipe; 55. Connecting joint; 56. Air jet nozzle; 6. Protective assembly; 61. First fixing ring; 62. Second fixing ring; 63. Screen hole; 64. First mating tooth; 65. Spur gear; 66. Fixed shaft; 7. Pneumatic motor; 8. Anti-overflow assembly; 81. First fixing plate; 82. First connecting pin; 83. Isolation plate; 84. Second fixing plate; 85. Second connecting pin; 86. First fixing groove; 87. Second fixing groove; 88. Second mating tooth; 89. Third mating tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1:

[0020] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, a pneumatically driven shotcrete machine includes a shotcrete machine base 1, a hopper 2, a top cover 3, and a pneumatic motor 7. The hopper 2 is installed on one side above the shotcrete machine base 1, and the pneumatic motor 7 is installed on the other side above the shotcrete machine base 1. The pneumatic motor 7 operates to make the shotcrete machine work, causing material to fall from the feed inlet 4 and the hopper 2 into the shotcrete machine, and then discharge the material from the discharge outlet. The top cover 3 is installed above the hopper 2, and the feed inlet 4 is welded to the middle of the top cover 3. Material is fed into the hopper 2 from the feed inlet 4 of the top cover 3. A reverse airflow assembly 5 is installed on the surface of the top cover 3 at the feed inlet 4. The reverse airflow assembly 5 includes a mounting plate 51, which is welded to the lower surface of the top cover 3 and is bolted to the top cover 3. On the lower surface of the mounting plate 51, two connecting air pipes 54 are welded. The two connecting air pipes 54 are connected to the air outlet of the air pump. The connecting air pipes 54 are connected to the air outlet of the air pump through connecting pipes. A fixing frame 52 is welded to the lower surface of the mounting plate 51. An airflow cavity 53 for airflow is formed between the mounting plate 51 and the fixing frame 52. Several air jets 56 are opened on the inner wall of the airflow cavity 53. The airflow ejected from the air jets 56 is used to blow the dust in the middle of the feed inlet 4 in the opposite direction, and to let the airflow of the air pump enter the connecting air pipes 54 and the airflow cavity 53. Thus, the airflow inside the airflow cavity 53 is ejected from the air jets 56. The air jets 56 are tilted downward and blow the dust overflowing from the feed inlet 4 back into the hopper 2.

[0021] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, each jet nozzle 56 is arranged in a ring array on the side wall of the fixed frame 52. The jet nozzles 56 are arranged at an angle downwards. The airflow direction of the jet nozzles 56 is opposite to the direction of the dust overflowing from the inside of the hopper 2. The airflow in the air pump comes from the inside of the connecting air pipe 54 and the airflow chamber 53, so that the airflow of the jet nozzles 56 is tilted towards the inside of the feed port 4, thereby forming a convection effect between the airflow and the dust.

[0022] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the two connecting air pipes 54 are symmetrical about the axis of the mounting plate 51, and each end of the two connecting air pipes 54 is provided with a connecting joint 55. The connecting joint 55 is connected to the air outlet of the air pump through a connecting pipe. The air outlet of the air pump is connected to the two connecting joints 55 through a connecting pipe, so that the airflow enters the airflow chamber 53 of the reverse airflow assembly 5 of the connecting air pipe 54 from the connecting joint 55. The airflow provides power for cleaning the dust inside the feed inlet 4.

[0023] It should be noted that the air pump introduces airflow through the connecting pipe into the connecting joint 55, and the airflow is discharged from the air nozzle 56 through the connecting air pipe 54 and the airflow chamber 53. The airflow is blown downwards at an angle from the air nozzle 56, which can blow some of the dust in the hopper 2 in the opposite direction, preventing the dust in the hopper 2 from being discharged from the feed inlet 4.

[0024] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a protective component 6 is provided inside the fixing frame 52. The protective component 6 includes a first fixing ring 61 and a second fixing ring 62. The second fixing ring 62 is fitted onto the outer wall of the inner ring of the airflow cavity 53, and the first fixing ring 61 is fitted onto the outside of the second fixing ring 62. Several sieve holes 63 are provided on the side walls of both the first fixing ring 61 and the second fixing ring 62. The second fixing ring 62 fits tightly against the outer wall of the inner ring of the airflow cavity 53, thus preventing rotation. The first fixing ring 61 and the second fixing ring 62 rotate relative to each other, allowing adjustment of the sieve holes 63 of the first fixing ring 61 and the second fixing ring 62 to ensure they overlap or stagger. Two first mating teeth 64 are provided at the top of the side wall of the first fixing ring 61 for installation. The plate 51 and the upper cover 3 are equipped with two fixed shafts 66. At the ends of the two fixed shafts 66 and at the two first mating teeth 64, spur gears 65 are respectively provided. The spur gears 65 mesh with the first mating teeth 64. Rotating the fixed shafts 66 causes the spur gears 65 to rotate, and the spur gears 65 mesh with the first mating teeth 64, which can ultimately rotate the first fixed ring 61. The first mating teeth 64 and the spur gears 65 are used to drive the first fixed ring 61 and the second fixed ring 62 to rotate relative to each other. The first fixed ring 61 and the second fixed ring 62 are used to control the overlap and offset of the sieve holes 63. The sieve holes 63 of the first fixed ring 61 overlap and offset relative to the sieve holes 63 of the second fixed ring 62, thereby controlling whether the airflow from the jet nozzle 56 is ejected.

[0025] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the sieve holes 63 of the first fixed ring 61 and the sieve holes 63 of the second fixed ring 62 are arranged in a ring array. The two first mating teeth 64 and the two spur gears 65 are arranged in a ring array at the top of the side wall of the first fixed ring 61. The center of the ring array of the two first mating teeth 64 and the two spur gears 65 is the axis of the mounting plate 51. The bottom end of the fixed shaft 66 is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting plate 51, and the middle of the fixed shaft 66 is rotatably connected to the inside of the upper cover 3. The spur gears 65 rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft 66, so that the spur gears 65 mesh with the fixed shaft 66, thereby causing the first fixed ring 61 to move slightly.

[0026] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the inner diameter of the first fixing ring 61 is the same as the outer diameter of the second fixing ring 62, and the inner wall of the first fixing ring 61 and the outer wall of the second fixing ring 62 rotate relative to each other. The sieve hole 63 of the second fixing ring 62 is connected to the jet nozzle 56. The central angle of the first mating tooth 64 is greater than the central angle of the two adjacent sieve holes 63. The sieve holes 63 of the first fixing ring 61 and the sieve holes 63 of the second fixing ring 62 are staggered. The airflow is blocked by the first fixing ring 61 and the second fixing ring 62. The sieve holes 63 of the first fixing ring 61 and the sieve holes 63 of the second fixing ring 62 coincide. The airflow is discharged from the coincident sieve holes 63. The coincidence and staggering of the sieve holes 63 are used to control the flow of air.

[0027] It should be noted that the airflow enters the interior of the connecting air pipe 54 and the airflow chamber 53, and needs to flow into the interior of the feed inlet 4. This is achieved by rotating the fixed shaft 66 and the spur gear 65. The spur gear 65 meshes with the first mating tooth 64, and the first fixed ring 61 rotates relative to the second fixed ring 62. The screen holes 63 of the first fixed ring 61 and the screen holes 63 of the second fixed ring 62 overlap, and the airflow can be discharged from the overlapping screen holes 63. Similarly, when the first fixed ring 61 rotates relative to the second fixed ring 62, the screen holes 63 of the first fixed ring 61 and the screen holes 63 of the second fixed ring 62 are offset, and the airflow is trapped inside the airflow chamber 53 of the fixed frame 52. The two sets of screen holes 63 can be used to control the airflow. The beneficial effect is that by using the relative rotation of the first fixed ring 61 and the second fixed ring 62, the screen holes 63 of the first fixed ring 61 and the screen holes 63 of the second fixed ring 62 overlap or are offset, which can be used to control whether the airflow in the jet nozzle 56 is ejected.

[0028] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 7 - Figure 9 As shown, an anti-overflow component 8 is provided between the top of the second fixing ring 62 and the lower surface of the mounting plate 51. The anti-overflow component 8 includes a first fixing plate 81 and a second fixing plate 84. The second fixing plate 84 is welded to the top of the inner ring of the fixing frame 52. The surface of the first fixing plate 81 has a first fixing groove 86, and the surface of the second fixing plate 84 has a second fixing groove 87. Several isolation plates 83 are installed between the first fixing plate 81 and the second fixing plate 84. The upper and lower surfaces of the isolation plates 83 are respectively welded with a first connecting pin 82 and a second connecting pin 85. The isolation plates 83 are used to open and close the inner ring of the fixing frame 52. The first fixing plate 81 rotates relative to the second fixing plate 84. The first connecting pin 82 of the isolation plate 83 slides along the first fixing groove 86, and the second connecting pin 85 of the isolation plate 83 slides along the second fixing groove 87. This allows the position of each isolation plate 83 to be adjusted, and the position of the end of the isolation plate 83 between the edge of the first fixing plate 81 and the axis of the first fixing plate 81 to be changed.

[0029] Please see Figure 7 - Figure 9 As shown, a reserved groove is provided at the edge of the first fixed plate 81 and at both fixed shafts 66. A third mating tooth 89 is provided on the inner wall of the two reserved grooves. The third mating tooth 89 on the inner wall of the reserved groove can ensure that the third mating tooth 89 meshes with the second mating tooth 88. A second mating tooth 88 is provided on the cylindrical surface of the fixed shaft 66 at the third mating tooth 89. The second mating tooth 88 meshes with the third mating tooth 89. The second mating tooth 88 and the third mating tooth 89 are used to drive the first fixed plate 81 and the second fixed plate 84 to rotate relative to each other. The rotation of the spur gear 65 can rotate the first fixed ring 61 relative to the second fixed ring 62. The screen holes 63 overlap or stagger. Similarly, the second mating tooth 88 and the third mating tooth 89 of the fixed shaft 66 mesh. The first fixed plate 81 and the second fixed plate 84 rotate relative to each other. The screen holes 63 can be used to open and close the feed inlet 4, thereby further blowing away the dust in the feed inlet 4.

[0030] Please see Figure 7 - Figure 9 As shown, the isolation plate 83, the first fixing groove 86, and the second fixing groove 87 are all arranged in a circular array about the axis of the first fixing plate 81. The shape of the first fixing groove 86 and the shape of the second fixing groove 87 are both arc-shaped. The first connecting pin 82 slides with the first fixing groove 86, and the second connecting pin 85 slides with the second fixing groove 87. When one of the isolation plates 83 changes, all the isolation plates 83 change synchronously, and thus the first connecting pin 82 and the second connecting pin 85 also change synchronously. The beneficial effect is that the relative rotation of the first fixing plate 81 and the second fixing plate 84 causes the position of each isolation plate 83 to change, which can control the opening and closing of the channel at the feed inlet 4 and prevent dust inside the hopper 2 from overflowing from the feed inlet 4.

[0031] Please see Figure 7 - Figure 9As shown, when the tips of each baffle plate 83 approach the axis of the first fixed plate 81, the spur gear 65 drives the screen holes 63 of the first fixed ring 61 to be misaligned with the screen holes 63 of the second fixed ring 62, preventing dust inside the hopper 2 from entering the airflow chamber 53 or overflowing from the outside of the upper cover 3; when the tips of each baffle plate 83 move away from the axis of the first fixed plate 81, the spur gear 65 drives the screen holes 63 of the first fixed ring 61 to coincide with the screen holes 63 of the second fixed ring 62, preventing dust inside the hopper 2 from entering the airflow chamber 53 or overflowing from the outside of the upper cover 3. When the screen holes 63 of the first fixing ring 61 and the screen holes 63 of the second fixing ring 62 are aligned by the reverse airflow, the partition plate 83 between the first fixing plate 81 and the second fixing plate 84 closes to prevent the dust inside the hopper 2 from overflowing from the feed inlet 4; when the screen holes 63 of the first fixing ring 61 and the screen holes 63 of the second fixing ring 62 are separated, the partition plate 83 between the first fixing plate 81 and the second fixing plate 84 is staggered, and the overflowing dust is blown in the opposite direction by the airflow from the jet nozzle 56.

[0032] It should be noted that rotating the fixed shaft 66 causes the second mating tooth 88 to mesh with the third mating tooth 89. At this time, the first fixed plate 81 and the second fixed plate 84 rotate relative to each other, thereby causing the isolation plate 83 to move under the action of the first connecting pin 82 and the second connecting pin 85. The first connecting pin 82 and the second connecting pin 85 are respectively located in the first fixed groove 86 and the second fixed groove 87 and engage with each other. The isolation plate 83 can open and close the channel of the protective component 6 to prevent dust from the hopper 2 from overflowing from the protective component 6. Similarly, the spur gear 65 meshes with the first mating tooth 64, which can engage the first fixed ring 61 and the second fixed ring 89. 2. With relative rotation, the screen holes 63 of the first fixed ring 61 and the screen holes 63 of the second fixed ring 62 coincide, preventing dust from being discharged from the feed inlet 4 and preventing dust from entering the airflow chamber 53. The beneficial effect is that rotating the fixed shaft 66 causes the first fixed plate 81 to rotate relative to the second fixed plate 84, and at the same time, the first fixed ring 61 rotates relative to the second fixed ring 62, causing the baffle plate 83 and the screen holes 63 to close, thereby preventing dust from being discharged from the feed inlet 4 and allowing the dust to be recycled, or causing the baffle plate 83 and the screen holes 63 to open, without affecting the material entering the hopper 2 from the feed inlet 4.

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A pneumatically driven shotcrete machine, comprising a shotcrete machine base (1), a hopper (2), a top cover (3), and a pneumatic motor (7), wherein the hopper (2) is installed on one side above the shotcrete machine base (1), the pneumatic motor (7) is installed on the other side above the shotcrete machine base (1), and the top cover (3) is installed above the hopper (2), characterized in that, The upper cover (3) has a feed inlet (4) welded in the middle. A reverse airflow assembly (5) is installed on the surface of the upper cover (3) and at the feed inlet (4). The reverse airflow assembly (5) includes a mounting plate (51). The mounting plate (51) is welded to the lower surface of the upper cover (3). Two connecting air pipes (54) are welded to the surface of the mounting plate (51). The two connecting air pipes (54) are connected to the air outlet of the air pump. A fixing frame (52) is welded to the lower surface of the mounting plate (51). An airflow cavity (53) for airflow is formed between the mounting plate (51) and the fixing frame (52). Several air jets (56) are opened on the inner wall of the airflow cavity (53). The air jets (56) are used to blow the dust in the middle of the feed inlet (4) in the reverse direction.

2. The pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the jet nozzles (56) is arranged in a ring array on the side wall of the fixed frame (52), and the jet nozzles (56) are arranged at an angle downward. The airflow direction of the jet nozzles (56) is opposite to the direction of the dust overflowing from the inside of the hopper (2).

3. A pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two connecting air pipes (54) are symmetrical about the axis of the mounting plate (51), and each end of the two connecting air pipes (54) is provided with a connecting joint (55), which is connected to the air outlet of the air pump through a connecting pipe.

4. A pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing frame (52) is internally provided with a protective component (6), which includes a first fixing ring (61) and a second fixing ring (62). The second fixing ring (62) is fitted onto the outer wall of the inner ring of the airflow cavity (53), and the first fixing ring (61) is fitted onto the outside of the second fixing ring (62). The side walls of the first fixing ring (61) and the side walls of the second fixing ring (62) are both provided with a plurality of sieve holes (63). The top of the side wall of the first fixing ring (61) is provided with two first mating teeth (64). 4) The mounting plate (51) and the top cover (3) are provided with two fixed shafts (66). At the ends of the two fixed shafts (66) and at the two first mating teeth (64), spur gears (65) are respectively provided. The spur gears (65) mesh with the first mating teeth (64). The first mating teeth (64) and the spur gears (65) are used to drive the first fixed ring (61) and the second fixed ring (62) to rotate relative to each other. The first fixed ring (61) and the second fixed ring (62) are used to control the overlap and offset of the sieve holes (63).

5. A pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sieve holes (63) of the first fixing ring (61) and the sieve holes (63) of the second fixing ring (62) are arranged in a ring array. The two first mating teeth (64) and the two spur gears (65) are arranged in a ring array at the top of the side wall of the first fixing ring (61). The bottom end of the fixing shaft (66) is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting plate (51), and the middle of the fixing shaft (66) is rotatably connected to the inside of the upper cover (3).

6. A pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the first fixing ring (61) is the same as the outer diameter of the second fixing ring (62), and the inner wall of the first fixing ring (61) and the outer wall of the second fixing ring (62) rotate relative to each other. The sieve hole (63) of the second fixing ring (62) is connected to the air jet (56), and the central angle of the first mating tooth (64) is greater than the central angle of the two adjacent sieve holes (63).

7. A pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, An anti-overflow component (8) is provided between the top end of the second fixing ring (62) and the lower surface of the mounting plate (51). The anti-overflow component (8) includes a first fixing plate (81) and a second fixing plate (84). The second fixing plate (84) is welded to the top end of the inner ring of the fixing frame (52). A first fixing groove (86) is opened on the surface of the first fixing plate (81), and a second fixing groove (87) is opened on the surface of the second fixing plate (84). A plurality of isolation plates (83) are installed between the first fixing plate (81) and the second fixing plate (84). A first connecting pin (82) and a second connecting pin (85) are welded to the upper and lower surfaces of the isolation plates (83), respectively. The isolation plates (83) are used to open and close the inner ring of the fixing frame (52).

8. A pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first fixing plate (81) has a reserved groove at the edge and at both fixing shafts (66), and a third mating tooth (89) is provided on the inner wall of the two reserved grooves. The cylindrical surface of the fixing shaft (66) is provided with a second mating tooth (88) at the third mating tooth (89). The second mating tooth (88) meshes with the third mating tooth (89). The second mating tooth (88) and the third mating tooth (89) are used to drive the first fixing plate (81) and the second fixing plate (84) to rotate relative to each other.

9. A pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The insulating plate (83), the first fixing groove (86) and the second fixing groove (87) are arranged in a ring array about the axis of the first fixing plate (81). The shape of the first fixing groove (86) and the shape of the second fixing groove (87) are both arc-shaped. The first connecting pin (82) slides with the first fixing groove (86) and the second connecting pin (85) slides with the second fixing groove (87).

10. A pneumatically driven shotcrete machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the tips of each of the isolation plates (83) approach the axis of the first fixed plate (81), the spur gear (65) drives the screen holes (63) of the first fixed ring (61) to be misaligned with the screen holes (63) of the second fixed ring (62), so that the dust inside the hopper (2) will not enter the airflow chamber (53) or overflow from the outside of the cover (3); when the tips of each of the isolation plates (83) move away from the axis of the first fixed plate (81), the spur gear (65) drives the screen holes (63) of the first fixed ring (61) to coincide with the screen holes (63) of the second fixed ring (62), so that the dust inside the hopper (2) is blown away by the airflow in the opposite direction.

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