High-precision cylindrical grinding machine

Abstract

The application discloses a high-precision outer circle grinding machine, and relates to the technical field of outer circle grinding machines.The outer circle grinding machine comprises an outer circle grinding machine equipment body, the outer circle grinding machine equipment body comprises a base, a polishing part and a moving part are arranged on the top of the base, a headstock and a tailstock are arranged on the moving part.The application drives the annular frame to rotate through an electric push rod, drives the abutting plate to be gathered to the center of the workpiece synchronously through the cooperation of the transmission rod and the transmission groove, realizes the multi-directional clamping and fastening of the outer wall of the workpiece, can significantly enhance the clamping rigidity and positioning reliability of the whole workpiece during high-speed rotation and grinding of the workpiece, avoids the shaking, deflection or circumferential slipping of the workpiece under the action of the cutting force, keeps the workpiece in a stable rotating state, makes the grinding process more stable and continuous, effectively improves the stability of the machining process, guarantees the size precision and geometric position precision of the outer circle grinding, and improves the consistency and qualified rate of product machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of external cylindrical grinding technology, and in particular relates to a high-precision external cylindrical grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] Cylindrical grinding machines are key equipment for high-precision grinding of the outer cylindrical surface of shaft-type workpieces. They are widely used in the production and finishing of precision mechanical parts. The equipment typically uses a center to axially position the workpiece, and works in conjunction with the axial movement of the worktable and the feed motion of the grinding wheel to complete the grinding operation of the outer cylindrical surface of the workpiece.

[0003] In actual machining, the workpiece is usually axially limited by the two ends of the center, lacking an auxiliary constraint structure on the outer wall of the workpiece. Under the combined action of high-speed rotation and grinding cutting force, the workpiece is prone to circumferential rotation instability, radial runout and wobble, etc., which makes it difficult to ensure the positioning stability of the workpiece during continuous grinding. This can easily lead to problems such as machining dimensional deviation and excessive form and position errors, reduce the machining accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece, affect the consistency and pass rate of products, and make it difficult to meet the machining requirements of high-precision shaft workpieces. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision cylindrical grinding machine. An electric push rod drives the ring frame to rotate, and the cooperation of the transmission rod and transmission groove drives the abutment plate to synchronously retract towards the center of the workpiece, achieving multi-directional clamping and securing of the workpiece's outer wall. During high-speed workpiece rotation and grinding, this significantly enhances the overall clamping rigidity and positioning reliability of the workpiece, preventing wobbling, swaying, or circumferential slippage under cutting forces. It ensures the workpiece maintains a stable rotational state, making the grinding process smoother and more continuous, effectively improving the stability of the machining process, guaranteeing the dimensional and positional accuracy of cylindrical grinding, and improving product consistency and yield. This invention solves the problem that workpieces typically rely on two ends with centers for axial positioning, lacking an auxiliary constraint structure for the workpiece's outer wall.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention relates to a high-precision cylindrical grinding machine, comprising a cylindrical grinding machine body, a base, a grinding component and a moving component mounted on the top of the base, a headstock and a tailstock mounted on the moving component, and a fastening mechanism disposed on the headstock for tightly securing the workpiece. The fastening mechanism includes a chassis, a ring frame rotatably connected to the side of the chassis away from the headstock, and several abutment plates rotatably connected to the side of the chassis away from the headstock. Several fixing plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring frame, and each of the abutment plates... The components are slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding fixed plate. Each of the abutment plates has a transmission groove. Each of the inner walls of the fixed plates is fixedly connected to a transmission rod. Each of the transmission rods passes through the corresponding abutment plate and is slidably connected to the corresponding transmission groove. An electric push rod is rotatably connected to the side of the chassis away from the headstock. The movable end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the ring frame. The headstock and tailstock are both fixed to the moving part by bolts. The moving part drives the headstock and tailstock to perform axial feeding. At the same time, the grinding part consists of a grinding component and a feeding component, so that it is close to the workpiece when working and away from the workpiece when not working.

[0006] Furthermore, a motor is installed on the inner wall of the headstock, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a center point via a coupling.

[0007] Furthermore, the end of the tip away from the motor extends to the outside of the head base and is rotatably connected to the head base, and the end of the tip away from the motor penetrates the chassis and is fixedly connected to the chassis.

[0008] Furthermore, the tailstock is provided with a clamping mechanism, which is used to cooperate with the headstock to axially limit the workpiece. The clamping mechanism includes a second tip that passes through the tailstock on the side near the headstock. The second tip is slidably connected to the tailstock. A pull rod is rotatably connected to the end of the second tip away from the headstock. The end of the pull rod away from the second tip extends to the outside of the tailstock and is slidably connected to the tailstock.

[0009] Furthermore, a second motor is installed on the side of the tailstock away from the headstock, and the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to a threaded rod via a coupling. The threaded rod passes through the tailstock and is rotatably connected to the tailstock.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer wall of the threaded rod is threadedly connected to an internal threaded plate, and the inner wall of the tailstock is fixedly connected to a limiting rod. The internal threaded plate passes through the limiting rod and is slidably connected to the limiting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, a spring is fitted on the outer wall of the pull rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the internal thread plate, and the other end abuts against the center point.

[0012] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses an electric push rod to drive the ring frame to rotate, and utilizes the cooperation of the transmission rod and the transmission groove to drive the abutment plate to synchronously retract towards the center of the workpiece, thereby achieving multi-directional clamping and securing of the outer wall of the workpiece. During the high-speed rotation and grinding process of the workpiece, it can significantly enhance the overall clamping rigidity and positioning reliability of the workpiece, avoid the workpiece from shaking, swaying, or circumferential slippage under the action of cutting force, and keep the workpiece in a stable rotational state, making the grinding process more stable and continuous, effectively improving the stability of the processing process, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and geometric accuracy of the outer cylindrical grinding, and improving the consistency and pass rate of product processing.

[0013] 2. This invention uses a second motor to drive a threaded rod to rotate, causing the internal threaded plate to move under the limiting action of a limiting rod. Combined with a spring, this applies a continuous force to the second center, achieving axial clamping of the workpiece and adaptive adjustment of the elastic force. This adapts to the clamping requirements of workpieces of different specifications, avoiding machining errors caused by excessive or insufficient clamping force. It effectively improves the stability, consistency, and reliability of workpiece clamping, providing stable axial positioning for high-precision cylindrical grinding. Furthermore, when the spring experiences elastic fatigue after long-term use, adjusting the position of the internal threaded plate changes the initial elastic potential energy of the spring, maintaining a stable clamping force and ensuring that the workpiece does not experience axial movement or loosening during rotary grinding, thus extending the service life of the device.

[0014] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving part of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the chassis structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the abutment plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tailstock structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second motor of the present invention.

[0017] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. External cylindrical grinding machine body; 11. Base; 111. Grinding parts; 112. Moving parts; 12. Headstock; 13. Tailstock; 2. Fastening mechanism; 21. Chassis; 211. Ring frame; 212. Abutment plate; 213. Fixing plate; 214. Transmission groove; 215. Transmission rod; 216. Electric push rod; 22. Motor 1; 221. Center 1; 3. Tightening mechanism; 31. Center 2; 311. Pull rod; 32. Motor 2; 321. Threaded rod; 322. Internal threaded plate; 323. Limiting rod; 324. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figure 1-7 As shown, this invention relates to a high-precision cylindrical grinding machine, comprising a cylindrical grinding machine body 1. The cylindrical grinding machine body 1 includes a base 11, with a grinding component 111 and a moving component 112 mounted on the top of the base 11. A headstock 12 and a tailstock 13 are mounted on the moving component 112. The invention also includes a fastening mechanism 2, which is disposed on the headstock 12 and is used to tightly hold and secure the workpiece. The fastening mechanism 2 includes a chassis 21, with a ring frame 211 rotatably connected to the side of the chassis 21 away from the headstock 12, and several other components rotatably connected to the side of the chassis 21 away from the headstock 12. The inner wall of the abutment plate 212 and the ring frame 211 is fixedly connected to several fixing plates 213. The abutment plates 212 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding fixing plates 213. The abutment plates 212 are provided with transmission grooves 214. The inner wall of the fixing plates 213 is fixedly connected to transmission rods 215. The transmission rods 215 pass through the corresponding abutment plates 212 and are slidably connected to the corresponding transmission grooves 214. An electric push rod 216 is rotatably connected to the side of the chassis 21 away from the head seat 12. The movable end of the electric push rod 216 is rotatably connected to the ring frame 211.

[0020] A motor 22 is installed on the inner wall of the headstock 12. The output shaft of the motor 22 is fixedly connected to the center point 221 via a coupling. The end of the center point 221 away from the motor 22 extends to the outside of the headstock 12 and is rotatably connected to the headstock 12. The end of the center point 221 away from the motor 22 passes through the chassis 21 and is fixedly connected to the chassis 21. The ring frame 211 is rotated by the electric push rod 216. The transmission rod 215 and the transmission groove 214 are used to drive the abutment plate 212 to synchronously retract towards the center of the workpiece, realizing multi-directional clamping and fastening of the outer wall of the workpiece. During the high-speed rotation of the workpiece and the grinding process, the overall clamping rigidity and positioning reliability of the workpiece can be significantly enhanced, avoiding the workpiece from shaking, swaying or circumferential slippage under the action of cutting force. The workpiece is kept in a stable rotation state, making the grinding process more stable and continuous, effectively improving the stability of the processing process, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and form and position accuracy of the outer cylindrical grinding, and improving the consistency and pass rate of product processing.

[0021] A clamping mechanism 3 is provided on the tailstock 13. The clamping mechanism 3 is used to cooperate with the headstock 12 to axially limit the workpiece. The clamping mechanism 3 includes a second center 31 that passes through the tailstock 13 near the headstock 12. The second center 31 is slidably connected to the tailstock 13. A pull rod 311 is rotatably connected to the end of the second center 31 away from the headstock 12. The end of the pull rod 311 away from the second center 31 extends to the outside of the tailstock 13 and is slidably connected to the tailstock 13. A second motor 32 is installed on the side of the tailstock 13 away from the headstock 12. The output shaft of the second motor 32 is fixedly connected to a threaded rod 321 through a coupling. The threaded rod 321 passes through the tailstock 13 and is rotatably connected to the tailstock 13. An internal threaded plate 322 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod 321. A limit rod 323 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tailstock 13. The internal threaded plate 322 passes through the limit rod 323 and is slidably connected to the limit rod 323. The outer wall of the pull rod 311 is sleeved with... A spring 324 is provided, with one end fixedly connected to the internal thread plate 322 and the other end abutting against the center 31. The threaded rod 321 is rotated by the motor 32, causing the internal thread plate 322 to move under the limiting action of the limiting rod 323. The spring 324 applies a continuous force to the center 31, realizing axial clamping of the workpiece and adaptive adjustment of the elastic force. This adapts to the clamping requirements of workpieces of different specifications, avoids machining errors caused by excessive or insufficient clamping force, effectively improves the stability, consistency and reliability of workpiece clamping, and provides stable axial positioning guarantee for high-precision external cylindrical grinding. At the same time, when the spring 324 experiences elastic fatigue after long-term use, the initial elastic potential energy of the spring 324 can be changed by adjusting the position of the internal thread plate 322 to maintain a stable clamping force, ensuring that the workpiece does not move axially or loosen during rotary grinding, and extending the service life of the device.

[0022] One specific application of this embodiment is as follows: First, pull the lever 311, which moves the second tip 31 away from the headstock 12 and causes the spring 324 to contract and store elastic force, thereby increasing the distance between the second tip 31 and the first tip 221, leaving space for the workpiece to be processed. Then, place the rod-shaped workpiece to be processed between the second tip 31 and the first tip 221, so that one end of the workpiece abuts against the base 21 and the other end is aligned with the second tip 31, completing the initial positioning of the workpiece. Afterward, release the lever 311, and the elastic force stored in the spring 324 is released, which moves the second tip 31 towards the first tip 221, reducing the distance between the second tip 31 and the first tip 221, so that the second tip 31 and the workpiece end are aligned. The workpiece is axially limited by the abutment. Then, the electric push rod 216 is activated. The movable end of the electric push rod 216 extends, causing the ring frame 211 to rotate around its own axis. When the ring frame 211 rotates, it drives several fixed plates 213 and several transmission rods 215 on the fixed plates 213 to rotate synchronously. Then, through the sliding connection between several transmission rods 215 and the corresponding transmission grooves 214, several abutment plates 212 are pushed to rotate around the connection point with the chassis 21. This causes the ends of several abutment plates 212 near the top tip 221 to converge toward the center of the workpiece until they are tightly fitted to the outer wall of the workpiece, thus achieving a tight grip on the workpiece. Conversely, the movable end of the electric push rod 216 retracts to release the grip on the workpiece. After the workpiece is fixed, the grinding component 111 moves towards the workpiece to feed closer to it until it reaches the set grinding position. Then, motor 22 is started, which drives the base 21 to rotate via the center point 221. The base 21 then drives the held workpiece to rotate synchronously. During the continuous rotation of the workpiece, the grinding component 111 grinds the outer surface of the workpiece, while the moving component 112 drives the headstock 12, tailstock 13, and the entire workpiece to move axially, cooperating with the grinding component 111 to complete the grinding operation along the entire length of the workpiece. Start motor 32, which drives threaded rod 321 to rotate. When threaded rod 321 rotates, internal thread plate 322 moves towards head seat 12 under the guidance of limit rod 323, thereby adjusting the initial elastic potential energy of spring 324. After adjustment, motor 32 stops rotating and remains locked, and the spring force of spring 324 pushes tip 31 to continuously press against the workpiece.

[0023] It should be noted that the control of the grinding part 111, the moving part 112, the electric push rod 216, the first motor 22 and the second motor 32 in this application can all be achieved by using the program set in the control panel and inputting relevant parameters as needed for automated control. The setting of this control method can be realized by existing technology, such as PLC.

[0024] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine, comprising a cylindrical grinding machine body (1), wherein the cylindrical grinding machine body (1) includes a base (11), a grinding component (111) and a moving component (112) are mounted on the top of the base (11), and a headstock (12) and a tailstock (13) are mounted on the moving component (112), characterized in that, Also includes: A fastening mechanism (2) is provided on the headstock (12) and is used to hold and fasten the workpiece. The fastening mechanism (2) includes a chassis (21). A ring frame (211) is rotatably connected to the side of the chassis (21) away from the headstock (12). Several abutment plates (212) are rotatably connected to the side of the chassis (21) away from the headstock (12). Several fixing plates (213) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring frame (211). Several abutment plates (212) are all connected to the workpiece. The inner wall of the corresponding fixing plate (213) is slidably connected, and a transmission groove (214) is opened on each of the abutment plates (212). A transmission rod (215) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each of the fixing plates (213). Each of the transmission rods (215) passes through the corresponding abutment plate (212) and is slidably connected to the corresponding transmission groove (214). An electric push rod (216) is rotatably connected to the side of the chassis (21) away from the head seat (12). The movable end of the electric push rod (216) is rotatably connected to the ring frame (211). Several abutment plates (212) are evenly distributed on the chassis (21). The abutment plates (212) contact the outer wall of the workpiece to clamp and fix the workpiece.

2. The high-precision cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the headstock (12) is equipped with a motor (22), and the output shaft of the motor (22) is fixedly connected to the tip (221) via a coupling. Motor 1 (22) is connected to headstock (12) by bolts, and provides power for circumferential rotation of workpiece during processing.

3. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the tip (221) away from the motor (22) extends to the outside of the head base (12) and is rotatably connected to the head base (12). The end of the tip (221) away from the motor (22) passes through the chassis (21) and is fixedly connected to the chassis (21).

4. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tailstock (13) is provided with a clamping mechanism (3), which is used to cooperate with the headstock (12) to axially limit the workpiece. The clamping mechanism (3) includes a second tip (31) that passes through the tailstock (13) on the side near the headstock (12). The second tip (31) is slidably connected to the tailstock (13). A pull rod (311) is rotatably connected to the end of the second tip (31) away from the headstock (12). The end of the pull rod (311) away from the second tip (31) extends to the outside of the tailstock (13) and is slidably connected to the tailstock (13). The workpiece to be processed is located between the headstock (12) and the tailstock (13), with one end abutting against the chassis (21) and the other end abutting against the center point (31).

5. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, A second motor (32) is installed on the side of the tailstock (13) away from the headstock (12). The output shaft of the second motor (32) is fixedly connected to a threaded rod (321) through a coupling. The threaded rod (321) passes through the tailstock (13) and is rotatably connected to the tailstock (13). The second motor (32) is mounted on the tailstock (13) by bolts, and the threaded rod (321) is rotatably connected to the tailstock (13) by bearings.

6. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the threaded rod (321) is threaded with an inner threaded plate (322), and the inner wall of the tailstock (13) is fixedly connected with a limiting rod (323). The inner threaded plate (322) passes through the limiting rod (323) and is slidably connected with the limiting rod (323). The limiting rod (323) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tailstock (13) by welding. The limiting rod (323) limits the internal thread plate (322) to prevent the internal thread plate (322) from rotating with the thread rod (321).

7. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer wall of the pull rod (311) is fitted with a spring (324), one end of which is fixedly connected to the internal thread plate (322), and the other end abuts against the tip (31).

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