Direct drive brake type polishing machine and brake positioning method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of polishing machines, in particular to a direct-drive braking type polishing machine and a braking positioning method thereof. The polishing machine comprises a polishing mechanism, a driving mechanism and a braking execution mechanism. The polishing mechanism comprises a driving turntable, a driven turntable and a plurality of polishing cylinders which are oppositely arranged, a driving motor and a transmission assembly. The driving motor drives the driving turntable to rotate through the transmission assembly. The driving turntable and the driven turntable support the plurality of polishing cylinders. The braking execution mechanism comprises a caliper and a brake disc which are oppositely slided. The brake disc is coaxially fixed with the driving turntable and rotationally arranged between the two calipers. The driving mechanism drives the caliper to clamp or release the brake disc. When braking, the driving motor is first stopped, the driving mechanism drives the caliper to clamp the brake disc, the braking force is directly transmitted to the driving turntable and the polishing cylinders, the influence of transmission assembly wear and aging on the braking effect is avoided, the driving motor wear and energy consumption are reduced, synchronous braking of the brake disc, the driving turntable and the polishing cylinders is realized, and the polishing cylinders are accurately connected to the replacement port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of polishing machine technology, and in particular to a direct-drive braking polishing machine and its braking and positioning method. Background Technology

[0002] In industries such as hardware processing, electronic component manufacturing, and jewelry processing, the polishing machine is a core surface treatment equipment widely used for deburring, chamfering, rough grinding, fine grinding, and mirror polishing of workpieces. The working principle of the polishing machine is to drive the polishing cylinder to rotate at high speed through the drive mechanism, so that the workpiece and the grinding media inside the polishing cylinder move relative to each other under the combined action of centrifugal force and friction. The mechanical grinding action removes surface defects of the workpiece, reduces surface roughness, and finally makes the workpiece surface achieve the preset flat or bright effect.

[0003] After the polishing process is completed, the high-speed rotating polishing cylinder needs to be precisely stopped and positioned to ensure that the opening of the polishing cylinder is aligned with the replacement port for efficient workpiece removal. In related technologies, existing polishing machines typically employ a drive motor and belt drive structure. The drive motor has a built-in brake device. The drive motor drives the polishing cylinder to rotate via the belt to perform the polishing operation. When a stop is required, the drive motor activates its built-in brake device, transmitting braking force to the polishing cylinder via the belt, forcing the polishing cylinder to gradually decelerate until it stops.

[0004] In addition, another method uses the interaction between a contact strip and the contact protrusion of the first magnetic component to control the circuit's on / off state. A main sprocket is coaxially fixed to the outer end face of the polishing cylinder, and a hanger drive sprocket is mounted on the drive motor shaft. A main chain connects the main sprocket and the hanger drive sprocket, forming a meshing transmission that drives the polishing cylinder to rotate. When the contact strip separates from the contact protrusion, the electromagnet is de-energized. The electromagnet's de-energization signal serves as a control command, triggering the start and stop of the roller drive motor. Braking force is transmitted to the polishing cylinder via the main chain, forcing the polishing cylinder to gradually decelerate until it stops. Chain drive has a stronger load-bearing capacity than belt drive.

[0005] However, due to the large overall mass of the polishing cylinder, internal workpiece, and grinding media in the polishing machine, the belt or chain must withstand significant tension and friction during braking and power transmission. After long-term operation, the belt is prone to wear, aging, and loosening, while the chain will experience link wear and tensile deformation, leading to increased transmission clearance and frictional loss. This can easily cause a decrease in braking force transmission efficiency and a delay in braking response. Not only does this make it difficult for the polishing cylinder to decelerate, but it also causes the drive motor to bear additional loads for extended periods, shortening its lifespan. Furthermore, the difficulty in decelerating the polishing cylinder makes it impossible to accurately position it after it stops, and the opening of the polishing cylinder is difficult to align precisely with the replacement position. Operators need to restart the equipment to adjust the position of the polishing cylinder, reducing the level of production automation and operational efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a direct-drive braking type screed machine and its braking and positioning method.

[0007] This application provides a direct-drive braking type screed machine and its braking and positioning method, which adopts the following technical solution: A direct-drive braking polishing machine includes a frame and a polishing mechanism. The polishing mechanism includes an active turntable and a driven turntable arranged opposite each other, multiple polishing cylinders, a drive motor, and a transmission assembly. The drive motor and the active turntable are respectively connected to the transmission assembly. The transmission assembly is used to transmit the driving force output by the drive motor to drive the active turntable to rotate around its own axis. The active turntable and the driven turntable are rotatably mounted on the frame. The multiple polishing cylinders are rotatably mounted on the active turntable and the driven turntable. The machine also includes a drive mechanism and a braking actuator. The drive mechanism and the braking actuator are both mounted on the frame. The braking actuator includes two calipers and a brake disc that can slide relative to each other. The brake disc is coaxially fixed to the active turntable and rotatably disposed between the two calipers. The drive mechanism is used to drive the two calipers to move closer together to clamp the brake disc or move away to release the brake disc.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the braking actuator of the polishing machine consists of two calipers that can slide relative to each other and a brake disc. The brake disc is coaxially fixed with the active turntable of the polishing mechanism and is rotatably positioned between the two calipers. The braking action is selected after the drive motor stops rotating and is completed by the drive mechanism driving the calipers. The braking force is not transmitted through the transmission components. When braking is required, the drive motor first stops outputting driving force, and then the drive mechanism drives the two calipers to move closer to each other, precisely contacting the brake disc and applying clamping force. Because the brake disc is coaxially fixed with the active turntable, the braking force applied to the brake disc by the calipers can be directly transmitted to the active turntable. Then, through the cooperation of the active turntable and the driven turntable, it acts synchronously on multiple polishing cylinders, causing the polishing cylinders to decelerate synchronously until they stop rotating. In this process, since the braking force is not transmitted through the transmission components, the wear and aging problems of the transmission components that occur during long-term operation no longer affect the braking effect. The braking force transmission efficiency is significantly improved, and the braking response time is enhanced. At the same time, the braking torque is not transmitted to the drive motor through the transmission components, reducing the mechanical wear and energy consumption of the drive motor and significantly extending the service life of the drive motor.

[0009] Furthermore, the relative sliding clamping method of the drive mechanism can provide stable and sufficient clamping force. With the coaxial rigid connection between the brake disc and the drive disc, synchronous braking of the brake disc, drive disc and polishing cylinder is achieved. After the caliper clamps, the brake disc is kept stationary by rigid constraint. The probability of springback and displacement after the drive disc and polishing cylinder stop rotating is reduced. This ensures that the polishing cylinder can accurately correspond to the replacement position when the polishing mechanism stops rotating, reducing the operation of operators to restart the equipment and adjust the position of the polishing cylinder, and effectively improving the overall production efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a drive element and a control valve. One end of the control valve is connected to a power medium, and the other end of the control valve is connected to the drive element. The control valve is used to control the on / off state of the power medium. The drive element is used to connect with the caliper and output drive power in response to the on / off state of the power medium.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the control valve is connected to an external power medium, and the other end is connected to the drive component. It can precisely control the on / off state of the power medium according to the braking command of the polishing machine. The drive component is connected to the calipers and outputs driving power in response to the on / off state of the power medium. After the drive motor stops rotating, the drive component can drive the two calipers to move closer and closer to each other to clamp the brake disc, or move away from each other to release the brake disc. When braking is required, after the drive motor stops rotating, the control valve controls the external power medium to be connected and delivered to the drive component. The drive component responds to the on / off state of the power medium and outputs driving power to drive the two calipers to move closer and closer to each other to clamp the brake disc, thereby driving the active turntable and polishing cylinder to decelerate and stop rotating. When rotation is required, the control valve controls the power medium to be disconnected. The drive component responds to the change in the disconnection of the power medium and outputs reverse power to drive the two calipers to move away from each other to release the brake disc and release the braking constraint on the active turntable. At this time, the driving force of the drive motor can be stably transmitted to the active turntable through the transmission component, driving the active turntable and polishing cylinder to rotate normally for polishing operations.

[0012] Preferably, the driving component is a driving component with a power amplification function.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive unit with power amplification function works in conjunction with the control valve to amplify the input power of the external power medium. When braking is required, after the drive motor stops rotating, the control valve controls the power medium to conduct, and the amplified drive unit outputs a stronger and more stable driving force, which drives the two calipers to quickly and tightly approach each other to clamp the brake disc. For working conditions where the polishing machine, polishing cylinder, internal workpiece and grinding medium have a large overall mass, the sufficient amplified driving force can ensure that the braking force is directly and efficiently transmitted to the active turntable, effectively alleviating the problems of insufficient braking force and slow deceleration response caused by transmission component wear, and improving the stability of the polishing cylinder deceleration process.

[0014] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the drive motor and the control valve.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the controller is electrically connected to the drive motor and the control valve, which can realize the linkage and coordinated control of the start and stop of the drive motor and the opening and closing of the power medium by the control valve. When braking is required, the controller can first send a command to control the drive motor to stop outputting driving force, and then synchronously control the control valve to open the external power medium, so that the drive component can obtain power and drive the caliper to clamp the brake disc. When rotation is required, the controller can first control the control valve to disconnect the power medium or reverse the power medium, drive the caliper to release the brake disc to release the constraint on the active turntable, and then control the drive motor to start and output driving force, which drives the active turntable to rotate through the transmission component.

[0016] Preferably, the braking actuator includes a caliper bracket, with two calipers slidably disposed within the caliper bracket, and the caliper bracket is fixedly disposed on the frame.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the caliper bracket is fixedly set on the frame, and the two calipers are slidably set on the caliper bracket, which can provide a stable installation base and precise sliding guide for the two calipers, effectively ensuring the relative position between the brake disc and the two calipers is fixed, and the two calipers can slide smoothly along the preset trajectory under the action of the drive mechanism to achieve accurate clamping of the brake disc.

[0018] Preferably, the brake disc includes an integrally formed mounting portion, a connecting portion, and a braking portion. The connecting portion is disposed between the mounting portion and the braking portion and is fixedly connected to the mounting portion and the braking portion. The mounting portion is used to be fixedly connected to the drive turntable, and the braking portion is rotatably disposed between the two calipers.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the mounting part is used to fix the active turntable, the connecting part connects the mounting part and the braking part and realizes the fixed connection between the two, and the braking part is rotatably set between the two calipers, effectively increasing the distance between the active turntable and the caliper bracket, so that the active turntable will not interfere with the caliper bracket during rotation and braking. At the same time, the integrated design of the mounting part, the connecting part and the braking part enhances the structural rigidity of the brake disc itself, which can maintain the relative position between the braking part and the two calipers, ensuring that the two calipers accurately fit the braking part and clamp when sliding along the caliper slide frame, so that the braking force applied by the calipers is evenly applied to the braking part, and then transmitted to the active turntable through the connecting part and the mounting part.

[0020] Preferably, the polishing mechanism further includes multiple active rotating shafts and multiple driven rotating shafts. Each polishing cylinder has an active rotating shaft and a driven rotating shaft fixedly connected to its two ends. The active rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the active rotating disk, and the driven rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the driven rotating disk. The multiple polishing cylinders correspond one-to-one with the multiple active rotating shafts and the multiple driven rotating shafts. The two end sidewalls of the multiple polishing cylinders are fixedly connected to the active rotating shaft and the driven rotating shaft, respectively. The multiple polishing cylinders are evenly distributed along the radial direction of the active rotating disk and the driven rotating disk. A replacement port is provided on the frame. When the active rotating disk rotates to a preset angle, the opening of one of the polishing cylinders can be connected to the replacement port. Each polishing cylinder has multiple working spaces evenly distributed along its own length.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the active shaft rotatably mounted on the active turntable can revolve synchronously with the active turntable, synchronously driving multiple polishing cylinders and the driven shaft corresponding to each polishing cylinder to rotate synchronously along the circumference of the active and driven turntables. The active shaft can also rotate autonomously, driving the polishing cylinders and the driven shaft rotatably mounted on the driven turntable to rotate synchronously and autonomously. At the same time, the several working spaces evenly distributed along the length of each polishing cylinder can realize the simultaneous processing of multiple workpieces at one time. The workpieces and grinding media in the working space form more sufficient relative motion under the combined motion of revolution and rotation, which greatly improves the uniformity and consistency of the polishing effect on the workpiece surface. Moreover, when the active turntable rotates to a preset angle, the opening of one of the polishing cylinders can be precisely connected with the replacement port on the frame, facilitating the loading and unloading of workpieces.

[0022] Preferably, the polishing mechanism further includes a connecting shaft. A drive shaft seat and a driven shaft seat are fixedly mounted on the frame. The drive shaft seat is fixedly mounted on the side of the drive turntable away from the driven turntable, and the driven shaft seat is mounted on the side of the driven turntable away from the drive turntable. The two ends of the connecting shaft are coaxially fixed to the drive turntable and the driven turntable, respectively. The two ends of the connecting shaft are rotatably mounted on the drive shaft seat and the driven shaft seat, respectively, passing through the drive turntable and the driven turntable. A through-hole is provided in the middle of the brake disc for one end of the connecting shaft to pass through. The drive shaft seat is located below the caliper.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the two ends of the connecting shaft are coaxially fixed with the active and driven turntables, and the connecting shaft passes through the active and driven shaft seats respectively. This allows the rotation of the active turntable to be stably transmitted to the driven turntable through the connecting shaft, achieving coaxial and synchronous rotation of the active and driven turntables. At the same time, the active and driven shaft seats provide symmetrical and stable rotational support for the polishing mechanism as a whole. The through-hole in the middle of the brake disc allows one end of the connecting shaft to pass through, ensuring that the brake disc and the connecting shaft will not interfere with each other. This also ensures the coaxiality of the brake disc, the connecting shaft, and the active turntable. The active shaft seat is fixed on the side of the active turntable away from the driven turntable and is located below the caliper, ensuring that the caliper clamping the braking part does not interfere with the structure on which the connecting shaft is rotatably mounted on the active shaft seat.

[0024] Preferably, a braking positioning method for a direct-drive braking polishing machine includes the following steps: Step S1: The controller, in response to a braking signal, generates and issues a braking trigger command; Step S2: Based on the braking trigger command, the control valve opens the power medium, allowing the power medium to enter the drive component; Step S3: The drive component pushes the two calipers to move relative to each other to clamp the braking part; Step S4: The clamping state is maintained until the polishing mechanism completely stops, and the opening of one of the polishing cylinders is locked in a position aligned with the replacement port; Step S5: After the material replacement of the current polishing cylinder is completed, the controller releases the clamp on the brake disc and drives the polishing mechanism to rotate, so that the opening of the next polishing cylinder moves to a preset position aligned with the replacement port; Step S6: Steps S2 to S5 are repeated until all polishing cylinders requiring material replacement are sequentially positioned and replaced.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the controller responds to the braking signal and triggers the braking process. The power medium is circulated through the control valve, causing the drive component to push the caliper to clamp the braking part in a continuous motion, thereby achieving precise braking of the polishing mechanism. The clamping state is maintained until the polishing mechanism comes to a complete stop, which can stably align the polishing cylinder opening with the replacement port and improve the positioning accuracy during material replacement. After the current polishing cylinder material replacement is completed, the controller releases the clamp and drives the polishing mechanism to rotate, so that the opening of the next polishing cylinder moves to the preset position. The braking, positioning and material replacement steps are then repeated, which can realize the sequential positioning and batch processing of multiple polishing cylinders. This makes the connection between braking, positioning and replacement links smoother, reduces the frequency of manual adjustment, improves the automation level and operating efficiency of the overall polishing machine, and further enhances the stability and continuity of the equipment in batch polishing operations.

[0026] Preferably, the braking signal originates from a preset program control signal and a manual operation signal. In step S3, the braking torque generated by the two calipers directly clamping the braking part is sufficient to overcome the inertial torque of the polishing mechanism under high-speed rotation, so that the polishing cylinder decelerates to a stop within a preset time, and after stopping, the alignment accuracy between the opening of the polishing cylinder and the replacement port is within ±5°.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, when carrying out large-scale standardized polishing operations, the braking and positioning process can be automatically triggered by the preset program control signal, reducing the frequency of manual intervention and improving the automation level of the operation. When it is necessary to change the rotation angle of different polishing cylinders, the opening of the polishing cylinder on the corresponding rotation shaft can be accurately aligned with the replacement port. The operator can flexibly trigger the brake through manual operation signal, so that the braking and positioning action matches the needs of polishing cylinder angle adjustment, and different polishing cylinders can be stably aligned with the replacement port.

[0028] In step S3, the braking torque generated by the two calipers directly clamping the braking unit is sufficient to overcome the inertial torque of the polishing mechanism under high-speed rotation. This allows the polishing cylinder to decelerate smoothly to a stop within a preset time. After stopping, the alignment accuracy between the opening of the polishing cylinder and the replacement port is maintained within ±5°, which improves the fit between the polishing cylinder and the replacement port, reduces problems such as inconvenience in loading and unloading materials due to positioning deviation, and reduces the frequency of manual adjustment.

[0029] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The drive mechanism drives two calipers to approach each other, precisely contact the brake disc and apply clamping force. Because the brake disc and the drive disc are fixed coaxially, the braking force applied to the brake disc by the calipers can be directly transmitted to the drive disc. Then, through the cooperation of the drive disc and the driven disc, it acts synchronously on multiple polishing cylinders, causing the polishing cylinders to decelerate synchronously until they stop. During this process, since the braking force is transmitted without the aid of transmission components, the wear and aging problems that occur in the transmission components during long-term operation no longer affect the braking effect. The efficiency of braking force transmission is significantly improved, and the timeliness of braking response is enhanced. 2. The braking torque is not transmitted to the drive motor through the transmission components, which reduces mechanical wear and energy consumption of the drive motor and significantly extends its service life; 3. After the caliper clamps, the brake disc is kept stationary by rigid constraints. This reduces the probability of springback and displacement after the active turntable and polishing cylinder stop rotating. It ensures that the polishing cylinder can accurately correspond to the replacement position when the polishing mechanism stops rotating, reducing the need for operators to restart the equipment and adjust the position of the polishing cylinder. This effectively improves the overall production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of this application.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the active turntable, driven turntable, connecting shaft, active shaft seat, driven shaft seat, transmission assembly, and drive mechanism in this application.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the active turntable, driven turntable, active shaft, driven shaft, active shaft seat, small pulley, driven turntable, brake disc and polishing cylinder in this application.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the active turntable, driven turntable, active shaft, driven shaft, active shaft seat, small pulley, driven turntable, brake disc and polishing cylinder in this application.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of this application.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the active turntable, braking actuator, and drive mechanism. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Frame; 11. Replacement port; 12. Drive shaft seat; 13. Driven shaft seat; 2. Polishing mechanism; 21. Driven turntable; 22. Driven turntable; 23. Polishing cylinder; 231. Working space; 24. Drive motor; 25. Transmission assembly; 251. Large pulley; 252. Small pulley; 253. Belt; 26. Driven shaft; 27. Driven shaft; 28. Connecting shaft; 3. Drive mechanism; 31. Drive component; 311. High-pressure oil pipe; 312. Control air pipe; 32. Control valve; 33. Controller; 4. Braking actuator; 41. Caliper; 42. Brake disc; 421. Mounting part; 422. Connecting part; 423. Braking part; 424. Through port; 43. Caliper bracket; 431. Caliper sliding bracket; 432. Caliper fixing bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0037] This application discloses a direct-drive braking polishing machine and its braking and positioning method. Example 1: This application discloses a direct-drive braking polishing machine for batch polishing of workpieces, referring to... Figure 1 The polishing machine includes a frame 1 and a polishing mechanism 2. The frame 1 serves as the supporting foundation for the entire polishing machine. The polishing mechanism 2 includes an active turntable 21 and a driven turntable 22 arranged opposite to each other, multiple polishing cylinders 23, a drive motor 24, and a transmission assembly 25. The drive motor 24 and the active turntable 21 are respectively connected to the transmission assembly 25. The drive force output by the drive motor 24 is transmitted through the transmission assembly 25, causing the active turntable 21 to rotate around its own axis. The active turntable 21 and the driven turntable 22 are both rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The active turntable 21 and the driven turntable 22 cooperate to provide symmetrical rotational support for the polishing cylinders 23.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Specifically, four polishing cylinders 23 are provided, and the four polishing cylinders 23 are evenly distributed radially along the active turntable 21 and the driven turntable 22. The two ends of the four polishing cylinders 23 are rotatably mounted on the active turntable 21 and the driven turntable 22, as shown in the figure. Figure 1The included angle between two adjacent polishing cylinders 23 is 90 degrees, ensuring that every 90-degree rotation of the active turntable 21, the opening of one polishing cylinder 23 can be aligned with the replacement port 11 on the frame 1, adapting to the needs of batch rotation operations. The transmission component 25 specifically includes a drive motor 24, a large pulley 251, a small pulley 252, and two belts 253. The drive motor 24, the large pulley 251, and the small pulley 252 are all fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The large pulley 251 and the small pulley 252 are coaxially fixed to form a coaxial transmission structure. One of the belts 253 is sleeved on the drive motor. The output shaft of the machine 24 is connected to the large pulley 251, which is used to transmit the initial power of the drive motor 24 to the large pulley 251. Another belt 253 is sleeved on the side wall of the small pulley 252 and the drive turntable 21, which is used to transmit the power to the drive turntable 21 through the small pulley 252. When working, after the drive motor 24 starts, the power is transmitted to the large pulley 251 through the first belt 253. Since the large pulley 251 and the small pulley 252 are coaxially fixed, the power is transmitted to the small pulley 252 synchronously, and then the drive turntable 21 is driven to rotate around its own axis through the second belt 253.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 Furthermore, the polishing mechanism 2 also includes multiple active rotating shafts 26 and multiple driven rotating shafts 27, with four active rotating shafts 26 and four driven rotating shafts 27. Both the active rotating disk 21 and the driven rotating disk 22 are rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The active rotating disk 21 and the driven rotating disk 22 cooperate to provide symmetrical rotational support for the polishing cylinder 23. The four polishing cylinders 23 are rotatably mounted between the active rotating disk 21 and the driven rotating disk 22, specifically assembled via the four active rotating shafts 26 and the four driven rotating shafts 27. Each polishing cylinder 23 has one active rotating shaft 26 and one driven rotating shaft 27 fixedly connected to its two ends. The active rotating shaft 26 is rotatably mounted on the active rotating disk 21, and the driven rotating shaft 27 is rotatably mounted on the driven rotating disk 27. The rotating disc 22 enables each polishing cylinder 23 to revolve synchronously with the active disc 21, and also to rotate on its own axis by the autonomous rotation of the active shaft 26. Each polishing cylinder 23 has multiple working spaces 231 evenly distributed along its length. The working spaces 231 are used to accommodate workpieces and grinding media. The workpieces and grinding media form sufficient relative motion under the combined motion of the revolution and rotation of the polishing cylinder 23, which improves the uniformity and consistency of the polishing effect on the workpiece surface. The frame 1 is provided with a replacement port 11. When the active disc 21 rotates 90 degrees, the opening of the polishing cylinder 23 at the corresponding position can be precisely connected with the replacement port 11, which facilitates the loading and unloading of workpieces.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4Meanwhile, the polishing mechanism 2 also includes a connecting shaft 28. The frame 1 is fixedly provided with an active shaft seat 12 and a driven shaft seat 13. The active shaft seat 12 is fixedly provided on the side of the active turntable 21 away from the driven turntable 22, and the driven shaft seat 13 is fixedly provided on the side of the driven turntable 22 away from the active turntable 21. The two ends of the connecting shaft 28 are coaxially fixed with the active turntable 21 and the driven turntable 22 respectively. At the same time, the two ends of the connecting shaft 28 pass through the active turntable 21 and the driven turntable 22 respectively and are rotatably provided in the active shaft seat 12 and the driven shaft seat 13. The rotation of the active turntable 21 is stably transmitted to the driven turntable 22 through the connecting shaft 28, so as to realize the coaxial synchronous rotation of the active turntable 21 and the driven turntable 22. The active shaft seat 12 and the driven shaft seat 13 cooperate to provide symmetrical and stable rotational support for the polishing mechanism 2 as a whole, reducing the eccentric vibration during high-speed rotation.

[0041] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 Furthermore, this embodiment also includes a drive mechanism 3 and a braking actuator 4. Both the drive mechanism 3 and the braking actuator 4 are mounted on the frame 1 and work together to brake and unlock the polishing mechanism 2. The braking actuator 4 includes two calipers 41 that can be slidably disposed relative to each other, a brake disc 42, and a caliper bracket 43. The brake disc 42 is coaxially fixed to the side wall of the drive turntable 21 away from the polishing cylinder 23. The caliper bracket 43 includes a caliper sliding bracket 431 and a caliper fixing bracket 432. The caliper fixing bracket 432 is fixed to the frame 1, and the caliper sliding bracket 431 is fixed to the end of the caliper fixing bracket 432 away from the frame 1. The two calipers 41 are slidably disposed relative to each other within the caliper sliding bracket 431, and the caliper fixing bracket 432 is fixed to the frame 1. 2 provides a stable mounting support for the entire caliper bracket 43. The caliper sliding bracket 431 provides sliding space for the caliper 41. The caliper sliding bracket 431 and the caliper fixing bracket 432 work together to ensure that the relative position between the brake disc 42 and the two calipers 41 is fixed, so that the caliper 41 can slide smoothly along the preset trajectory to accurately clamp the brake disc 42. The drive shaft seat 12 is located below the caliper 41, which can prevent the action of the caliper 41 clamping the brake part 423 from interfering with the structure of the connecting shaft 28 rotating on the drive shaft seat 12.

[0042] Reference Figure 3Meanwhile, the brake disc 42 includes an integrally formed mounting part 421, a connecting part 422, and a braking part 423. The connecting part 422 is disposed between the mounting part 421 and the braking part 423, and is fixedly connected to the mounting part 421 and the braking part 423. The mounting part 421 is used to be coaxially fixed with the drive disc 21. The mounting part 421 and the drive disc 21 are connected by bolts. The braking part 423 is rotatably disposed between two calipers 41. A through-hole 424 is provided in the middle of the brake disc 42. The through-hole 424 is disposed through the mounting part 421, the connecting part 422, and the braking part 423. The through-hole 424 allows one end of the connecting shaft 28 to pass through, which not only prevents interference between the brake disc 42 and the connecting shaft 28, but also ensures the coaxiality of the brake disc 42, the connecting shaft 28, and the drive disc 21.

[0043] Reference Figure 6 Furthermore, the drive mechanism 3 includes a drive component 31, a control valve 32, and a controller 33. The drive component 31 is configured as a high-pressure drum, and the control valve 32 is configured as a solenoid valve. One end of the drive component 31 is provided with a high-pressure oil pipe 311, and the end of the high-pressure oil pipe 311 away from the high-pressure drum is connected to the interior of the caliper slide frame 431. The other end of the drive component 31 is provided with a control air pipe 312, and the control valve 32 is located on the control air pipe 312. The control air pipe 312 is connected to a power medium, which is compressed air. The controller 33 is electrically connected to the drive motor 24 and the solenoid valve to realize the linkage and coordinated control of the start and stop action of the drive motor 24 and the on and off action of the solenoid valve to cut off the compressed air, so as to ensure the orderly connection of the braking and unlocking process. When the control valve 32 receives the braking signal from the controller 33, the valve core of the control valve 32 immediately opens the air passage of the control air pipe 312. External compressed air is quickly injected into the drive component 31 through the control air pipe 312. Since the drive component 31 is set as a high-pressure drum, the high-pressure drum has a power amplification function. The compressed air pushes the pneumatic piston inside the high-pressure drum. The pneumatic piston squeezes the oil in the oil chamber of the high-pressure drum. Through Pascal's principle, the low-pressure air pressure is converted into high-pressure oil. The high-pressure oil is delivered to the oil chamber of the caliper slide bracket 431 through the high-pressure oil pipe 311, pushing the hydraulic piston inside the caliper slide bracket 431, which in turn drives the caliper 41 to quickly clamp the braking part 423 of the brake disc 42. The caliper 41 remains clamped until the rotating shaft stops completely. At this time, the caliper fixing bracket 432 provides rigid support to ensure the stability of the braking process. The above braking principle is existing technology and will not be elaborated further here.

[0044] The implementation principle of a direct-drive braking polishing machine in Embodiment 1 of this application is as follows: the drive motor 24 drives the large pulley 251 to rotate through the first belt 253. The large pulley 251 and the small pulley 252 rotate synchronously on the same axis. The small pulley 252 drives the active turntable 21 to rotate through the second belt 253. The active turntable 21 drives the driven turntable 22 to rotate synchronously through the connecting shaft 28. While the four polishing cylinders 23 revolve around the active turntable 21 at 90-degree intervals, they also rotate autonomously on their respective active rotating shafts 26 to complete the workpiece polishing operation.

[0045] When braking is required, the controller 33 first controls the drive motor 24 to stop outputting driving force, and then sends a braking signal to the control valve 32 so that the drive component 31 drives the caliper 41 to quickly clamp the braking part 423. The braking force is transmitted to the active turntable 21 through the connecting part 422 and the mounting part 421 of the brake disc 42, which in turn drives the four polishing cylinders 23 to decelerate synchronously until they stop rotating.

[0046] During braking, the braking force is not transmitted by the transmission component 25. The wear and aging of the belt 253, large pulley 251 and small pulley 252 caused by long-term operation will not affect the braking effect. At the same time, the braking torque is not transmitted to the drive motor 24, reducing the mechanical wear and energy consumption of the drive motor 24. The coaxiality of the brake disc 42 with the connecting shaft 28 and the active turntable 21, as well as the relative position stability of the caliper 41 and the brake disc 42, ensure that the opening of the polishing barrel 23 can be aligned with the replacement port 11 after the polishing barrel 23 stops rotating.

[0047] The drive mechanism 3 drives the caliper 41 to slide and clamp, providing a stable and sufficient clamping force. With the coaxial rigid connection between the brake disc 42 and the active turntable 21, the brake disc 42, the active turntable 21, and the polishing cylinder 23 are braked synchronously. After the caliper 41 clamps, the brake disc 42 is kept stationary by rigid constraint. The probability of rebound and displacement after the active turntable 21 and the polishing cylinder 23 stop rotating is reduced, ensuring that the polishing cylinder 23 can accurately correspond to the replacement position when the polishing mechanism 2 stops rotating. This reduces the need for operators to restart the equipment and adjust the position of the polishing cylinder 23, and effectively improves the overall production efficiency.

[0048] Example 2: Refer to Figures 1 to 6 This application discloses a braking positioning method applied to the direct-drive braking type screed machine described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps: Step S1: In response to the braking signal, the controller 33 generates and issues a braking trigger command. The braking signal comes from a preset program control signal and a manual operation signal. The preset program control signal is suitable for large-scale standardized polishing operations and can be automatically triggered according to the preset polishing time and operation progress. The manual operation signal is suitable for scenarios where it is necessary to adjust the rotation angle of different active rotating shafts 26. The operator can manually trigger the switch to make the opening of the polishing cylinder 23 on the corresponding active rotating shaft 26 accurately align with the replacement port 11.

[0049] Step S2: Based on the brake trigger command, the control valve 32 opens the compressed air, allowing the compressed air to enter the drive unit 31. After the controller 33 issues the brake trigger command, it synchronously transmits the action signal to the control valve 32. The valve core of the control valve 32 immediately actuates to open the air passage, and the external compressed air is quickly injected into the drive unit 31 through the control air pipe 312 to provide a power source for the braking action.

[0050] Step S3: The drive unit 31, through gas-hydraulic conversion, pushes the caliper 41 to move relative to the brake disc 423, clamping it. Compressed air enters the drive unit 31, pushing the pneumatic piston inside to compress the oil in the oil chamber. This oil is converted into high-pressure oil via Pascal's principle. The high-pressure oil is then transported through the high-pressure oil pipe 311 to the oil chamber of the caliper slide frame 431, pushing the hydraulic piston of the caliper slide frame 431 to rapidly slide the caliper 41 along the caliper slide frame 431 until it precisely contacts the brake disc 423 and applies clamping force. During this process, the power amplification function of the large drum ensures that the braking torque generated by the caliper 41 is sufficient to overcome the inertial torque of the polishing mechanism 2 under high-speed rotation, allowing the polishing cylinder 23 to decelerate smoothly within a preset time and ensuring the relative position of the brake disc 42 and caliper 41 remains stable during braking.

[0051] Step S4: Maintain the clamped state until the polishing mechanism 2 stops completely, and lock the opening of the polishing cylinder 23 on one of the active rotating shafts 26 in the position aligned with the replacement port 11. Since the four polishing cylinders 23 are evenly distributed at ninety degrees, after the active rotating disk 21 stops rotating, the opening of the polishing cylinder 23 at the corresponding angle is exactly aligned with the replacement port 11. The caliper 41 continuously applies clamping force under the rigid support of the caliper fixing frame 432, and maintains the brake disc 42 stationary through rigid constraint, thereby driving the active rotating disk 21, the driven rotating disk 22 and the four polishing cylinders 23 to remain stationary, reducing the probability of springback and displacement after the polishing cylinder 23 stops rotating, and the alignment accuracy between the opening of the polishing cylinder 23 and the replacement port 11 after stopping is within ±5°.

[0052] Step S5: After the material replacement of the current polishing cylinder 23 is completed, the controller 33 controls the release of the clamping on the brake disc 42 and drives the polishing mechanism 2 to rotate, so that the opening of the polishing cylinder 23 on the next active rotating shaft 26 moves to the preset position aligned with the replacement port 11. After the material replacement is completed, the operator operates the controller 33. The controller 33 first sends a signal to the control valve 32, controlling the control valve 32 to close the air passage and discharge the internal compressed air. The pneumatic piston in the drive component 31 resets, and the high-pressure oil flows back, so that the caliper 41 moves away from each other, releasing the clamping constraint on the brake disc 42. Then the controller 33 controls the drive motor 24 to start. The drive motor 24 drives the large pulley 251 to rotate through the first belt 253. The large pulley 251 and the small pulley 252 rotate synchronously on the same axis. The small pulley 252 drives the active rotating disk 21 to rotate 90 degrees through the second belt 253, so that the opening of the next polishing cylinder 23 moves to the preset position. After receiving the position signal, the controller 33 controls the drive motor 24 to stop and re-brake.

[0053] Step S6: Repeat steps S2 to S5 until all four polishing cylinders 23 are positioned and replaced sequentially. By cyclically executing the braking, positioning, replacement, unlocking, and rotation processes, batch processing is achieved sequentially, ensuring smooth connections between each step, reducing the frequency of manual intervention, and improving the automation and continuity of the operation. At the same time, relying on precise braking and positioning effects, the docking accuracy of each polishing cylinder 23 in batch operations is guaranteed.

[0054] The implementation principle of the braking positioning method of a direct-drive braking polishing machine in Embodiment 2 of this application is as follows: The braking positioning process takes the braking signal as the triggering starting point. The braking signal comes from the preset program control signal or the manual operation signal, which is adapted to different working conditions: The preset program control signal is for large-scale standardized polishing operations and is automatically triggered according to the preset polishing time and work progress. The manual operation signal is adapted to the scenario where the rotation angle of the active rotating shaft 26 needs to be adjusted. The operator can make the opening of the corresponding polishing cylinder 23 accurately connect with the replacement port 11 by manually triggering it.

[0055] After receiving the braking signal, the controller 33 generates a braking trigger command and synchronously transmits an action signal to the control valve 32. The valve core of the control valve 32 immediately actuates to open the air passage. External compressed air is quickly injected into the drive component 31, which acts as the high-pressure drum, through the control air pipe 312, completing the initial transmission of braking power. Subsequently, the drive component 31 realizes gas-liquid conversion and power amplification. The compressed air pushes the pneumatic piston inside the drive component 31 to squeeze the oil in the oil chamber. According to Pascal's principle, the low-pressure air pressure is converted into high-pressure oil. The high-pressure oil flows through the high-pressure oil pipe 3... 11 is delivered to the oil chamber of the caliper slide bracket 431, pushing the internal hydraulic piston to drive the caliper 41 to slide quickly along the caliper slide bracket 431, precisely fitting the brake disc 42 and applying clamping force. Thanks to the power amplification function of the drive component 31, the braking torque generated by the caliper 41 is sufficient to overcome the inertial torque of the high-speed rotation of the polishing mechanism 2, so that the polishing barrel 23 decelerates smoothly within a preset time. At the same time, the cooperation between the caliper slide bracket 431 and the caliper fixing bracket 432 ensures the stability of the relative position of the brake disc 42 and the caliper 41.

[0056] When the polishing mechanism 2 comes to a complete stop, the four polishing cylinders 23 are evenly distributed at 90-degree angles along the radial direction of the active turntable 21 and the driven turntable 22. The openings of the polishing cylinders 23 at the corresponding angles are exactly aligned with the replacement port 11 of the frame 1, and the alignment accuracy is controlled within ±5°. At this time, the caliper 41 continuously applies clamping force under the rigid support of the caliper fixing frame 432. The brake disc 42 is kept stationary through rigid constraint, which in turn drives the active turntable 21, the driven turntable 22 and the polishing cylinders 23 to remain stable, reducing the probability of springback and displacement after stopping, and making it easier for operators to change materials.

[0057] After the material replacement is completed, the operator operates the controller 33 to start the unlocking and rotation process: the controller 33 first controls the control valve 32 to close the air passage and discharge the internal compressed air, the pneumatic piston in the drive component 31 resets, the high-pressure oil flows back, and the caliper 41 moves away from each other to release the braking constraint; then the controller 33 starts the drive motor 24, and the power is transmitted to the large pulley 251 through the first belt 253. Relying on the coaxial fixed structure of the large pulley 251 and the small pulley 252, the power is synchronously transmitted to the small pulley 252, and then driven by the second belt 253 to rotate the active turntable 21 90 degrees, so that the opening of the next polishing cylinder 23 moves to the preset position. After receiving the position signal, the controller 33 controls the drive motor 24 to stop and re-trigger the brake to lock the current polishing cylinder 23 position.

[0058] By cyclically executing the above braking, positioning, replacement, unlocking, and rotation processes, the four polishing cylinders 23 can be processed in batches sequentially. Each step relies on the smooth coordination of components, which reduces the frequency of manual intervention, improves the degree of automation and continuity of the operation, ensures the docking accuracy of each polishing cylinder 23, and ensures the stability and efficiency of batch polishing operations.

[0059] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A direct-drive braking polishing machine, comprising a frame (1) and a polishing mechanism (2), wherein the polishing mechanism (2) comprises an active turntable (21) and a driven turntable (22) arranged opposite to each other, a plurality of polishing cylinders (23), a drive motor (24), and a transmission assembly (25), wherein the drive motor (24) and the active turntable (21) are respectively connected to the transmission assembly (25), and the transmission assembly (25) is used to transmit the driving force output by the drive motor (24) to drive the active turntable (21) to rotate around its own axis, wherein the active turntable (21) and the driven turntable (22) are rotatably mounted on the frame (1), and the plurality of polishing cylinders (23) are rotatably mounted on the active turntable (21) and the driven turntable (22), characterized in that, It also includes a drive mechanism (3) and a brake actuator (4), both of which are mounted on the frame (1). The brake actuator (4) includes two calipers (41) that can slide relative to each other and a brake disc (42). The brake disc (42) is coaxially fixed with the drive turntable (21) and is rotatably disposed between the two calipers (41). The drive mechanism (3) is used to drive the two calipers (41) to move closer to each other to clamp the brake disc (42) or move away from each other to release the brake disc (42).

2. The direct-drive braking type shunting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (3) includes a drive element (31) and a control valve (32). One end of the control valve (32) is connected to a power medium, and the other end of the control valve (32) is connected to the drive element (31). The control valve (32) is used to control the on / off state of the power medium. The drive element (31) is used to connect with the caliper (41) and output drive power in response to the on / off state of the power medium.

3. A direct-drive braking type shunting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving component (31) is a driving component (31) with power amplification function.

4. A direct-drive braking type shunting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (3) includes a controller (33) which is electrically connected to the drive motor (24) and the control valve (32).

5. A direct-drive braking type shunting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The braking actuator (4) includes a caliper bracket (43), with two calipers (41) sliding relative to each other within the caliper bracket (43), and the caliper bracket (43) is fixedly mounted on the frame (1).

6. A direct-drive braking type shunting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake disc (42) includes an integrally formed mounting part (421), a connecting part (422), and a braking part (423). The connecting part (422) is disposed between the mounting part (421) and the braking part (423). The connecting part (422) is fixedly connected to the mounting part (421) and the braking part (423). The mounting part (421) is used to be fixedly connected to the active turntable (21). The braking part (423) is rotatably disposed between the two calipers (41).

7. A direct-drive braking type shunting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polishing mechanism (2) further includes multiple active rotating shafts (26) and multiple driven rotating shafts (27). Each polishing cylinder (23) has an active rotating shaft (26) and a driven rotating shaft (27) fixedly connected to both ends. The active rotating shaft (26) is rotatably mounted on the active turntable (21), and the driven rotating shaft (27) is rotatably mounted on the driven turntable (22). The multiple polishing cylinders (23) correspond one-to-one with the multiple active rotating shafts (26) and the multiple driven rotating shafts (27). The two side walls of the polishing cylinder (23) are fixedly connected to the active rotating shaft (26) and the driven rotating shaft (27) respectively. The multiple polishing cylinders (23) are evenly distributed along the radial direction of the active rotating disk (21) and the driven rotating disk (22). The frame (1) is provided with a replacement port (11). When the active rotating disk (21) rotates to a preset angle, the opening of one of the polishing cylinders (23) can be connected to the replacement port (11). Each polishing cylinder (23) is provided with multiple working spaces (231) evenly distributed along its own length direction.

8. A direct-drive braking type shunting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polishing mechanism (2) further includes a connecting shaft (28). The frame (1) is fixedly provided with a drive shaft seat (12) and a driven shaft seat (13). The drive shaft seat (12) is fixedly provided on the side of the drive turntable (21) away from the driven turntable (22). The driven shaft seat (13) is provided on the side of the driven turntable (22) away from the drive turntable (21). The two ends of the connecting shaft (28) are coaxially fixed with the drive turntable (21) and the driven turntable (22) respectively. The two ends of the connecting shaft (28) pass through the drive turntable (21) and the driven turntable (22) respectively and are rotatably provided on the drive shaft seat (12) and the driven shaft seat (13). The brake disc (42) is provided with a through hole (424) in the middle for one end of the connecting shaft (28) to pass through. The drive shaft seat (12) is provided below the caliper (41).

9. A braking and positioning method for a direct-drive braking type shunting machine, comprising the direct-drive braking shunting machine as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: The controller (33) responds to the braking signal, generates and issues a braking trigger command; Step S2: Based on the braking trigger command, the control valve (32) opens the power medium, allowing the power medium to enter the drive member (31); Step S3: The drive member (31) pushes the two calipers (41) to move relative to each other to clamp the braking part (423); Step S4: The clamping state is maintained until the polishing mechanism (2) stops completely, and the opening of one of the polishing cylinders (23) is locked in a position aligned with the replacement port (11); Step S5: After the material replacement of the current polishing cylinder (23) is completed, the controller (33) releases the clamping of the brake disc (42) and drives the polishing mechanism (2) to rotate, so that the opening of the next polishing cylinder (23) moves to a preset position aligned with the replacement port (11); Step S6: Steps S2 to S5 are repeated until all polishing cylinders (23) that need material replacement are positioned and replaced in sequence.

10. The braking and positioning method of a direct-drive braking type screeding machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The braking signal originates from a preset program control signal and a manual operation signal. In step S3, the two calipers (41) directly clamp the braking torque generated by the braking part (423), which is sufficient to overcome the inertial torque of the polishing mechanism (2) under high-speed rotation, so that the polishing cylinder (23) decelerates to a stop within a preset time, and after stopping, the alignment accuracy between the opening of the polishing cylinder (23) and the replacement port (11) is within ±5°.

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