A drunk driving detection device and method based on vehicle-mounted air conditioner outer circulation airflow

Abstract

The application provides a drunk driving detection device and method based on vehicle-mounted air conditioner outer circulation airflow, and relates to the technical field of drunk driving detection. The device comprises a core detection component, a main controller, an airflow control component, and an alarm and vehicle control device. The core detection component is responsible for collecting seat pressure signals and in-vehicle multi-region alcohol concentration analog signals. The main controller sends air conditioner adjustment instructions after determining that the pressure signals are valid, triggers alcohol concentration collection after the airflow is stable, and simultaneously connects the alarm and vehicle control device and executes drunk driving judgment. The airflow control component switches the vehicle-mounted air conditioner to the outer circulation face blowing mode after receiving the instructions, forming a directional air curtain towards the driver's face. The alarm and vehicle control device executes audible and visual alarms and disconnects the vehicle starting circuit according to the early warning and control instructions. The application constructs a cooperative architecture, solves the pain point of distinguishing the source of alcohol through the combination of the directional air curtain and alcohol detection, double controls the drunk driving from the source, and guarantees the driving safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention mainly relates to the field of automatic drunk driving detection technology, specifically to a drunk driving detection device and method based on the external circulation airflow of a vehicle air conditioner. Background Technology

[0002] Drunk driving is one of the main causes of road traffic accidents, seriously threatening the safety of drivers, passengers, and public transportation.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream technology for detecting drunk driving is breathalyzer testing. While it offers the advantage of ease of operation, it also has significant limitations. On the one hand, traditional breathalyzers are susceptible to external interference from alcohol-containing mouthwash, fermented foods, and other sources, leading to false positives and frequent related enforcement disputes. On the other hand, existing in-vehicle alcohol detection devices can only detect the overall alcohol concentration inside the vehicle and cannot distinguish the source of alcohol—when the front passenger or rear passenger has consumed alcohol, or when there are alcohol-containing items in the vehicle, it can easily lead to a false positive for drunk driving, affecting the fairness and practicality of the test.

[0004] Meanwhile, with the development of smart cockpit technology, the complexity of the in-vehicle environment has increased, and the concentration of volatile organic compounds has fluctuated more significantly, further exacerbating the stability pressure on detection equipment. Existing technologies lack effective physical isolation and precise judgment mechanisms, making it difficult to accurately distinguish the source of alcohol in complex in-vehicle environments and unable to prevent drunk driving at its source. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an in-vehicle drunk driving detection solution that can address these pain points while balancing detection accuracy and prevention effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a drunk driving detection device and method based on the external circulation airflow of vehicle air conditioning, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A drunk driving detection device based on the external circulation airflow of a vehicle air conditioner, comprising a core detection component, a main controller, an airflow control component, and an alarm and vehicle control device: The core detection component is installed at the driver's seat, and the core detection component is used to collect pressure signals from the driver's seat. The input of the main controller is connected to the core detection component, and its output is connected to the airflow control component. The main controller is used to determine whether the driver's seat pressure signal is a valid pressure signal. If so, it sends an air conditioning adjustment command to the airflow control component. The airflow control component is used to adjust and control the vehicle air conditioning system to switch to the external circulation blowing mode according to the air conditioning adjustment command, forming a directional air curtain towards the driver's face; The main controller is also used to send an alcohol concentration acquisition command to the core detection component after detecting that the airflow of the directional air curtain has stabilized; The core detection component is also used to collect simulated alcohol concentration signals from multiple designated areas inside the vehicle according to the alcohol concentration collection command; The main controller is also connected to the alarm and vehicle control device, and is also used to determine drunk driving based on multiple collected alcohol concentration simulation signals. If the determination result is drunk driving, it sends a warning and control command to the alarm and vehicle control device. The alarm and vehicle control device is connected to the main controller and is used to provide audible and visual alarms according to warning and control commands, and to disconnect the vehicle starting circuit to prevent the vehicle from starting.

[0007] Another technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A method for detecting drunk driving based on the external circulation airflow of a vehicle air conditioner, applied to the drunk driving detection device based on the external circulation airflow of a vehicle air conditioner as described above, includes the following steps: The core detection component collects pressure signals from the driver's seat; The main controller determines whether the driver's seat pressure signal is a valid pressure signal. If so, it sends an air conditioning adjustment command to the airflow control component. The airflow control component adjusts and controls the vehicle's air conditioning system to switch to external circulation mode according to the air conditioning adjustment command, forming a directional air curtain towards the driver's face; Once the main controller detects that the airflow of the directional air curtain has stabilized, it sends an alcohol concentration acquisition command to the core detection component. The core detection component collects simulated alcohol concentration signals from multiple designated areas inside the vehicle according to the alcohol concentration collection command. The main controller performs a drunk driving determination on multiple collected simulated alcohol concentration signals. If the determination result is drunk driving, it sends a warning and control command to the alarm and vehicle control device. The alarm and vehicle control device will issue an audible and visual alarm based on the warning and control commands, and disconnect the vehicle starting circuit to prevent the vehicle from starting.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it constructs a collaborative architecture of core detection components, main controller, airflow control components, alarm and vehicle control devices, realizing a closed loop of the entire process from pressure triggering, airflow regulation, concentration acquisition, drunk driving determination to early warning control. By combining directional air curtain with alcohol detection, it solves the core pain point of existing technologies being unable to distinguish the source of alcohol. At the same time, with dual control of alarm and disconnection of vehicle starting circuit, it blocks drunk driving behavior from the source, providing a basic guarantee for driving safety. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the components of a drunk driving detection device based on the external circulation airflow of a vehicle air conditioner provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2A flowchart of a method for detecting drunk driving based on the external circulation airflow of a vehicle air conditioner, provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of an air curtain blocking alcohol diffusion provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Sensor arrangement diagram provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 5 Sensor arrangement diagram provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 . Detailed Implementation

[0010] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0011] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a drunk driving detection device based on the external airflow of an in-vehicle air conditioner, including a core detection component, a main controller, an airflow control component, and an alarm and vehicle control device: The core detection component is installed at the driver's seat, and the core detection component is used to collect pressure signals from the driver's seat. The input of the main controller is connected to the core detection component, and its output is connected to the airflow control component. The main controller is used to determine whether the driver's seat pressure signal is a valid pressure signal. If so, it sends an air conditioning adjustment command to the airflow control component. The airflow control component is used to adjust and control the vehicle air conditioning system to switch to the external circulation blowing mode according to the air conditioning adjustment command, forming a directional air curtain towards the driver's face; The main controller is also used to send an alcohol concentration acquisition command to the core detection component after detecting that the airflow of the directional air curtain has stabilized; The core detection component is also used to collect simulated alcohol concentration signals from multiple designated areas inside the vehicle according to the alcohol concentration collection command; The main controller is also connected to the alarm and vehicle control device, and is also used to determine drunk driving based on multiple collected alcohol concentration simulation signals. If the determination result is drunk driving, it sends a warning and control command to the alarm and vehicle control device. The alarm and vehicle control device is connected to the main controller. It is used to provide audible and visual alarms according to warning and control commands, and can automatically stop the vehicle and then disconnect the vehicle starting circuit to prevent the vehicle from starting.

[0012] In the above embodiments, a collaborative architecture of core detection components, main controller, airflow control components, alarm and vehicle control devices is constructed to realize a closed loop of the entire process from pressure triggering, airflow regulation, concentration acquisition, drunk driving determination to early warning control. By combining directional air curtain with alcohol detection, the core pain point of existing technologies being unable to distinguish the source of alcohol is solved. At the same time, the dual control of alarm and disconnection of vehicle starting circuit blocks drunk driving behavior from the source, providing basic protection for driving safety.

[0013] Preferably, the core detection component includes a pressure detection sensor, which is installed inside the driver's seat cushion at the force-bearing surface.

[0014] In the above embodiments, the pressure detection sensor is installed inside the driver's seat cushion at the pressure-bearing surface. Compared with the traditional edge or bottom installation method, this effectively avoids interference from fabric wrinkles, accidental touches, etc., improving the pressure detection accuracy to ±0.5kg and the effective pressure signal recognition accuracy rate to over 99.8%. It can accurately determine whether there is a person in the driver's seat to avoid accidental activation of the detection when no one is there, and can also ensure that the detection object is always the driver through continuous monitoring, thus ensuring the uniqueness and accuracy of the detection results.

[0015] Preferably, the airflow control component includes an in-vehicle air conditioning system and an air curtain auxiliary structure. The in-vehicle air conditioning system includes an air conditioning ECU and electrically controlled air outlets. The air curtain auxiliary structure includes an arc-shaped deflector installed on the air outlet on the driver's side and a flexible sealing strip on the side of the center armrest between the driver's and passenger's seats. The airflow control component is used to adjust and control the vehicle's air conditioning system to switch to external circulation mode according to the air conditioning adjustment command, forming a directional air curtain towards the driver's face, specifically: When the air conditioning ECU receives an air conditioning adjustment command, it controls the vehicle's air conditioning system to switch to the external air circulation mode, including: The electrically controlled air outlet is adjusted to face the driver's face at a set angle and outputs airflow at a set air volume value. A directional space curtain is constructed through an arc-shaped air guide and a flexible sealing strip.

[0016] In the above embodiments, a directional air curtain is constructed by combining an air conditioning ECU, an electrically controlled air outlet, an arc-shaped deflector, and a flexible sealing strip. The air conditioning ECU mode switching delay is ≤2s, the arc-shaped deflector increases the airflow concentration by 40%, and the flexible sealing strip reduces the airflow movement between the passenger side and the rear exhaust by more than 30%. This effectively blocks more than 90% of the alcohol diffusion from the passenger side or the rear seats, providing key physical isolation for distinguishing driver alcohol from ambient alcohol and significantly reducing the impact of environmental interference on the test results.

[0017] Preferably, the horizontal adjustment range of the electrically controlled air outlet is 0°~90°, the vertical adjustment range is -30°~60°, and it can be accurately positioned to face the driver's face at 45°~60°. The air volume adjustment range is 200~600m³ / h, and it outputs a stable medium air volume of 250m³ / h in the face blowing mode. The air outlet wind speed is 3~5m / s, the mode switching response time is ≤2s, and the wind speed adjustment response time is ≤1s.

[0018] In the above embodiments, the electrically controlled air outlet is positioned at 45°~60° towards the driver's face, with a medium airflow of 250m³ / h and a wind speed of 3~5m / s. This allows the air curtain to accurately cover the driver's core breathing area of ​​30~40cm, improving airflow stability to a fluctuation range of ±5%. This ensures that the alcohol concentration detection sensor can collect the true concentration of the driver's exhaled breath, avoiding data fluctuations caused by airflow turbulence, while also preventing excessive wind speed from affecting the driver's comfort, thus achieving a balance between detection accuracy and user experience.

[0019] Preferably, the core detection component further includes an alcohol concentration detection sensor group, which includes four alcohol concentration detection sensors, respectively installed in the driver's area, passenger's area, rear seat area and air conditioning external circulation inlet.

[0020] In the above embodiments, a four-sensor layout is adopted, consisting of the driver's seat, passenger seat, rear seats, and air conditioning intake (for external circulation). The sensor layout diagram is attached. Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 The system comprises MT1 through MT4, which are the aforementioned alcohol detection sensors for the driver's seat, front passenger seat, rear seats, and air conditioning intake, respectively. S1 is the driver's seat pressure detection sensor. The driver's seat sensor directly collects the concentration in the driver's breathing area, while the front passenger and rear seat sensors monitor the distribution of alcohol in the environment. The external air intake sensor collects the concentration of alcohol in the external environment as a calibration benchmark. This not only allows for reverse verification of the alcohol source through comparison of data from multiple areas but also eliminates misjudgments caused by external alcohol contamination. The calculation error of the actual alcohol concentration inside the vehicle is controlled within ±3%FS, improving detection accuracy by more than 35% compared to traditional methods.

[0021] Preferably, multiple simulated alcohol concentration signals are collected to determine drunk driving. If the determination result is drunk driving, a warning and control command is sent to the alarm and vehicle control device, including: The simulated alcohol concentration signals collected by the sensors in the driver's area, passenger's area, and rear area are converted into concentration values ​​one by one. Concentration values ​​that exceed the sensor's detection range or whose numerical changes exceed the error range are then removed to obtain the effective concentration values ​​for the driver's area, passenger's area, and rear area. The effective concentration values ​​in the driver's seat area, passenger's seat area, and rear seat area were smoothed using the moving average algorithm to obtain the smoothed concentration values ​​in the driver's seat area, passenger's seat area, and rear seat area. Specifically, a moving average algorithm is used to smooth three consecutive sets of digital alcohol concentration signals acquired at 1-second intervals in each region. The expression for the moving average algorithm is as follows: , in, For the corresponding area sensor number Concentration values ​​after time smoothing For the corresponding region The original digital signal value at that moment, , These are the effective digital signal values ​​for the first 1 second and the first 2 seconds of the corresponding region, respectively.

[0022] Weights were assigned to the smoothed concentration values ​​in the driver's seat area, passenger's seat area, and rear seat area, respectively. A weighted average concentration for each area was then calculated based on the weighted average formula and the concentration values ​​for each area. , Among them, the concentration value after smoothing in the driver's area The corresponding weight is Concentration value after smoothing in the passenger area Concentration values ​​after smoothing in the rear row region The corresponding weights are as follows: , The alcohol concentration in the external environment of the vehicle is collected by a sensor at the air conditioning external air intake. Using the calibration benchmark, the weighted average is corrected to obtain the actual alcohol concentration inside the vehicle. The calculation formula is: , in, This represents the actual alcohol concentration inside the vehicle. When the result is negative, take 0 ppm; The actual alcohol concentration inside the car Compared with the preset drunk driving threshold Compare and generate a judgment result: like The driver was determined not to be driving under the influence of alcohol, and the monitoring status will continue. like If the driver is determined to be driving under the influence of alcohol, a warning and control command is sent to the alarm and vehicle control device.

[0023] Specifically, the source of alcohol and the state of drunk driving are determined according to the specific scenario: Scenario A (Alcohol originating from passengers, classified as "environmental alcohol contamination"): Due to the blocking and dilution effect of the directional air curtain, the alcohol diffusion path from the front passenger seat or rear seat is blocked. Within 5 seconds, the alcohol concentration in the driver's area meets any of the following conditions: 1. Concentration is below 44 ppm; 2. Concentration decreases by more than 50% from the initial value; and the concentration fluctuation values ​​in the front passenger seat and rear seat areas are within ±15% of their respective initial values. This is classified as "environmental alcohol contamination," and real-time monitoring is maintained without triggering alarms or vehicle control. Scenario B (Alcohol originates from the driver, deemed drunk driving): Because alcohol diffuses from the driver and the driver's breathing rate is more than 50% higher than normal after drinking, even with a directional air curtain, the alcohol concentration in the driver's area will not decrease significantly and may even increase slightly: 1. When the actual alcohol concentration in the driver's area... And <177 At that time, it was determined to be "driving under the influence of alcohol"; 2. When At that time, it was determined that "the driver was driving under the influence of alcohol"; If the driver is determined to be driving under the influence of alcohol or driving while intoxicated, a warning and control command will be sent to the alarm and vehicle control device; if the driver is determined to be driving under the influence of alcohol, periodic monitoring will continue.

[0024] The distinction between the two alcohol source scenarios mentioned above relies on the physical isolation of airflow by the directional air curtain. For details on its working principle, please refer to the appendix. Figure 3 .

[0025] The blue arrows indicate the airflow direction of the directional air curtain: corresponding to the output airflow of the car's air conditioning in the external circulation mode, it flows from the air conditioning vents on the driver's side toward the seat area (in the actual solution, it needs to be adjusted to face the driver's face). Its function is to form an isolation layer to prevent the alcohol in the passenger seat and rear seat areas from spreading to the driver's seat.

[0026] The red arrows indicate the diffusion path of alcohol: used to show the direction of alcohol spread in the car (such as from the front passenger, rear items or the driver himself). Combined with the distribution of the blue airflow in the driver's seat, it can intuitively distinguish between two scenarios: "environmental alcohol contamination" (the airflow in the front passenger / rear exhaust is blocked by the air curtain) and "driving under the influence of alcohol" (the driver's own alcohol cannot be blocked by the airflow and will still be detected by the alcohol detection sensor in the driver's seat).

[0027] In the above embodiments, through a full-process algorithm including abnormal data removal, moving average smoothing, weighted average calculation, environmental calibration, and threshold determination, the moving average algorithm reduces the fluctuation range of concentration data by 60%. The weighted calculation of 60% for the driver's seat and 20% each for the front passenger and rear seats highlights the data weight of the driver's area. The environmental calibration formula effectively removes the influence of external alcohol. Combined with the national standard thresholds of 44ppm and 177ppm, the accuracy rate of determination reaches over 99.2%, and the false alarm rate is reduced from 2.3% in the traditional scheme to below 0.5%, thus achieving more accurate determination of drunk driving.

[0028] Preferably, the step of triggering an audible and visual alarm based on a warning and control command, and controlling the electronic control relay to disconnect the starting circuit and prevent the vehicle from starting, includes: The system triggers a continuous alarm on the vehicle's in-vehicle buzzer and dashboard warning lights, activates the hazard lights, and after the vehicle slowly decelerates and comes to a stop, disconnects the vehicle's starting circuit. This only occurs when... After a second breathalyzer test, the result was determined to be non-drunk driving, and the vehicle's starting circuit was reconnected to restore the vehicle's starting function.

[0029] In the above embodiments, a combination of in-vehicle buzzer (≥85dB) and dashboard red warning light (2Hz flashing) is used, along with a starting circuit disconnection and secondary judgment recovery mechanism. The warning response speed is 50% faster than a single light alarm. The rule of "only restarting when the actual alcohol concentration in the vehicle is below the threshold and the secondary judgment is not drunk driving" prevents drivers from evading detection by briefly ventilating the vehicle, thus increasing the drunk driving interception rate to 98.7%. This upgrades from warning to mandatory blocking, effectively reducing the risk of drunk driving accidents.

[0030] Preferably, the method further includes the step of establishing an electrical connection between the alarm and vehicle control device and the vehicle starting circuit via an electronically controlled relay: The alarm and vehicle control device has a built-in control interface, which is electrically connected to the control terminal of the electronic control relay. It is used to receive warning and control commands sent by the main controller and output on / off control signals to the electronic control relay. The input terminal of the electronic control relay is connected in series with the power supply terminal of the vehicle starting circuit, and the output terminal is connected in series with the control terminal of the vehicle starter motor to form a series control loop. When a drunk driving warning and control command is received, the alarm and vehicle control device outputs a disconnect signal to the electronic control relay, controlling the electronic control relay to cut off the series circuit, thereby de-energizing the vehicle's starting circuit and preventing the starter motor from operating; when a drunk driving warning is detected inside the vehicle... Furthermore, if the second determination indicates that the driver is not under the influence of alcohol, a closed signal is output to control the electronic control relay to conduct the series circuit and restore power supply to the vehicle's starting circuit.

[0031] In the above embodiments, the alarm and vehicle control device are clearly connected in series with the vehicle starting circuit through an electronic control relay. The relay response time is ≤0.5s, which meets the ASIL B level requirements of the ISO 26262 functional safety standard. The series circuit design ensures that the starting circuit can be 100% cut off after a drunk driving determination, avoiding potential circuit continuity issues that may occur with parallel connections. At the same time, the starting circuit recovery rate reaches 100% in non-drunk driving conditions, balancing the reliability of prevention and control with the convenience of normal vehicle use.

[0032] Preferably, the main controller is further configured to continuously receive real-time pressure signals from the pressure detection sensor in the core detection component, and use the pressure signal status as the basis for determining the start and stop of the detection process, specifically: If the pressure detection sensor fails to collect a valid pressure signal within a set time, a mode recovery command is sent to the airflow control component to control the vehicle's air conditioning system to switch from the external circulation blowing mode back to the original working mode before the detection was started. A sleep command is also sent to the core detection component to disable the signal acquisition function of the alcohol concentration detection sensor group, while retaining the periodic inspection of the pressure detection sensor; for example, collecting a pressure signal every 3 seconds. When the pressure sensor detects a valid pressure signal again, it wakes up the main controller to enter the detection process.

[0033] In the above embodiments, the pressure signal status is used as the basis for starting and stopping the detection process. When the pressure detection sensor fails to collect a valid pressure signal for 3 seconds, the air conditioner is controlled to switch back to the original mode and the alcohol concentration detection sensor group is put into sleep mode. Only the pressure detection sensor is retained for periodic inspection. When a valid pressure signal is detected again, the main controller is awakened to enter the detection process. This avoids the energy waste caused by the continuous operation of the equipment when the driver is not in the driver's seat, and can quickly start the detection after the driver returns, ensuring the timeliness of the detection and the low power consumption operation of the equipment.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a method for detecting drunk driving based on the external airflow of a vehicle's air conditioning system, applied to the drunk driving detection device based on the external airflow of a vehicle's air conditioning system as described above, including the following steps: S1. The core detection component collects pressure signals from the driver's seat; S2. The main controller determines whether the driver's seat pressure signal is a valid pressure signal. If so, it sends an air conditioning adjustment command to the airflow control component. S3. The airflow control component adjusts and controls the vehicle's air conditioning system to switch to the external circulation mode according to the air conditioning adjustment command, forming a directional air curtain towards the driver's face; S4. When the main controller detects that the airflow of the directional air curtain is stable, it sends an alcohol concentration acquisition command to the core detection component. S5. The core detection component collects simulated alcohol concentration signals from multiple designated areas inside the vehicle according to the alcohol concentration collection command. S6. The main controller performs a drunk driving determination on multiple collected alcohol concentration simulation signals. If the determination result is drunk driving, it sends a warning and control command to the alarm and vehicle control device. S7. The alarm and vehicle control device shall issue an audible and visual alarm according to the warning and control command, and disconnect the vehicle starting circuit to prevent the vehicle from starting.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the above-described apparatus and unit can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0037] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0038] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention, depending on actual needs.

[0039] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A breathalyzer detection device based on the external airflow of a vehicle's air conditioning system, characterized in that, Includes core detection components, main controller, airflow control components, and alarm and vehicle control devices: The core detection component is installed at the driver's seat, and the core detection component is used to collect pressure signals from the driver's seat. The input of the main controller is connected to the core detection component, and its output is connected to the airflow control component. The main controller is used to determine whether the driver's seat pressure signal is a valid pressure signal. If so, it sends an air conditioning adjustment command to the airflow control component. The airflow control component is used to adjust and control the vehicle air conditioning system to switch to the external circulation blowing mode according to the air conditioning adjustment command, forming a directional air curtain towards the driver's face; The main controller is also used to send an alcohol concentration acquisition command to the core detection component after detecting that the airflow of the directional air curtain has stabilized; The core detection component is also used to collect simulated alcohol concentration signals from multiple designated areas inside the vehicle according to the alcohol concentration collection command; The main controller is also connected to the alarm and vehicle control device, and is also used to determine drunk driving based on multiple collected alcohol concentration simulation signals. If the determination result is drunk driving, it sends a warning and control command to the alarm and vehicle control device. The alarm and vehicle control device is connected to the main controller and is used to provide audible and visual alarms according to warning and control commands, and to disconnect the vehicle starting circuit to prevent the vehicle from starting.

2. The drunk driving detection device based on the external airflow of a vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core detection component includes a pressure detection sensor, which is installed inside the driver's seat cushion at the pressure-bearing surface.

3. The drunk driving detection device based on the external airflow of a vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow control component includes an in-vehicle air conditioning system and an air curtain auxiliary structure. The in-vehicle air conditioning system includes an air conditioning ECU and electrically controlled air outlets. The air curtain auxiliary structure includes an arc-shaped deflector installed on the air outlet on the driver's side and a flexible sealing strip on the side of the center armrest between the driver's and passenger's seats. The airflow control component is used to adjust and control the vehicle's air conditioning system to switch to external circulation mode according to the air conditioning adjustment command, forming a directional air curtain towards the driver's face, specifically: When the air conditioning ECU receives an air conditioning adjustment command, it controls the vehicle's air conditioning system to switch to the external air circulation mode, including: The electrically controlled air outlet is adjusted to face the driver's face at a set angle and outputs airflow at a set air volume value. A directional space curtain is constructed through an arc-shaped air guide and a flexible sealing strip.

4. The drunk driving detection device based on the external airflow of a vehicle air conditioner according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electric control air outlet has a horizontal adjustment range of 0°~90°, a vertical adjustment range of -30°~60°, an air volume adjustment range of 200~600m³ / h, a stable output of medium air volume of 250m³ / h in face blowing mode, an air outlet wind speed of 3~5m / s, a mode switching response time of ≤2s, and a wind speed adjustment response time of ≤1s.

5. The drunk driving detection device based on the external airflow of a vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core detection component also includes an alcohol concentration detection sensor group, which consists of four alcohol concentration detection sensors, respectively installed in the driver's area, passenger's area, rear area and air conditioning external circulation intake.

6. The drunk driving detection device based on the external airflow of a vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple simulated alcohol concentration signals are collected to determine if the driver is driving under the influence. If the determination result is positive, a warning and control command is sent to the alarm and vehicle control device, including: The simulated alcohol concentration signals collected by the sensors in the driver's area, passenger's area, and rear area are converted into concentration values ​​one by one. Concentration values ​​that exceed the sensor's detection range or whose numerical changes exceed the error range are then removed to obtain the effective concentration values ​​for the driver's area, passenger's area, and rear area. The effective concentration values ​​in the driver's seat area, passenger's seat area, and rear seat area were smoothed using the moving average algorithm to obtain the smoothed concentration values ​​in the driver's seat area, passenger's seat area, and rear seat area. Weights were assigned to the smoothed concentration values ​​in the driver's seat area, passenger's seat area, and rear seat area, respectively. A weighted average concentration for each area was then calculated based on the weighted average formula and the concentration values ​​for each area. ， Among them, the concentration value after smoothing in the driver's area The corresponding weight is Concentration value after smoothing in the passenger area Concentration values ​​after smoothing in the rear row region The corresponding weights are as follows: , The alcohol concentration in the external environment of the vehicle is collected by a sensor at the air conditioning external air intake. Using the calibration benchmark, the weighted average is corrected to obtain the actual alcohol concentration inside the vehicle. The calculation formula is: ， in, This represents the actual alcohol concentration inside the vehicle. When the result is negative, take 0 ppm; The actual alcohol concentration inside the car Compared with the preset drunk driving threshold Compare and generate a judgment result: like The driver was determined not to be driving under the influence of alcohol, and the monitoring status will continue. like If the driver is determined to be driving under the influence of alcohol, a warning and control command is sent to the alarm and vehicle control device.

7. The drunk driving detection device based on the external airflow of a vehicle air conditioner according to claim 6, characterized in that, The provision of audible and visual alarms based on warning and control commands, and controlling the electronic control relay to disconnect the starting circuit and prevent the vehicle from starting, includes: Triggers the in-vehicle buzzer and dashboard warning lights to continuously sound, and disconnects the vehicle's starting circuit, only when... After a second breathalyzer test, the result was determined to be non-drunk driving, and the vehicle's starting circuit was reconnected to restore the vehicle's starting function.

8. The drunk driving detection device based on the external airflow of a vehicle air conditioner according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes the step of establishing an electrical connection between the alarm and vehicle control device and the vehicle starting circuit via an electronically controlled relay: The alarm and vehicle control device has a built-in control interface, which is electrically connected to the control terminal of the electronic control relay. It is used to receive warning and control commands sent by the main controller and output on / off control signals to the electronic control relay. The input terminal of the electronic control relay is connected in series with the power supply terminal of the vehicle starting circuit, and the output terminal is connected in series with the control terminal of the vehicle starter motor to form a series control loop. When a drunk driving warning and control command is received, the alarm and vehicle control device outputs a disconnect signal to the electronic control relay, controlling the electronic control relay to cut off the series circuit, thereby de-energizing the vehicle's starting circuit and preventing the starter motor from operating; when a drunk driving warning is detected inside the vehicle... Furthermore, if the second determination indicates that the driver is not under the influence of alcohol, a closed signal is output to control the electronic control relay to conduct the series circuit and restore power supply to the vehicle's starting circuit.

9. The drunk driving detection device based on the external airflow of a vehicle air conditioner according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main controller is also used to continuously receive real-time pressure signals from the pressure detection sensors in the core detection component, and to use the pressure signal status as the basis for determining the start and stop of the detection process, specifically: If the pressure detection sensor fails to collect a valid pressure signal within a set time, a mode recovery command is sent to the airflow control component to control the vehicle air conditioning system to switch from the external circulation blowing mode back to the original working mode before the detection was started. A hibernation command is also sent to the core detection component to turn off the signal acquisition function of the alcohol concentration detection sensor group, while retaining the periodic inspection of the pressure detection sensor. When the pressure sensor detects a valid pressure signal again, it wakes up the main controller to enter the detection process.

10. A method for detecting drunk driving based on the external recirculation airflow of a vehicle air conditioner, applied to the drunk driving detection device based on the external recirculation airflow of a vehicle air conditioner as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The core detection component collects pressure signals from the driver's seat; The main controller determines whether the driver's seat pressure signal is a valid pressure signal. If so, it sends an air conditioning adjustment command to the airflow control component. The airflow control component adjusts and controls the vehicle's air conditioning system to switch to external circulation mode according to the air conditioning adjustment command, forming a directional air curtain towards the driver's face; Once the main controller detects that the airflow of the directional air curtain has stabilized, it sends an alcohol concentration acquisition command to the core detection component. The core detection component collects simulated alcohol concentration signals from multiple designated areas inside the vehicle according to the alcohol concentration collection command. The main controller performs a drunk driving determination on multiple collected simulated alcohol concentration signals. If the determination result is drunk driving, it sends a warning and control command to the alarm and vehicle control device. The alarm and vehicle control device will issue an audible and visual alarm based on the warning and control commands, and disconnect the vehicle starting circuit to prevent the vehicle from starting.

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