A heating device for opening a bottle cap

Abstract

The application provides a heating device for opening a bottle cap, and relates to the technical field of auxiliary tools for household appliances. The device comprises, from outside to inside, an outer protective layer, a temperature-sensitive indicating window, a piezoelectric activation layer, a gradient reaction cavity, a heat-conducting aluminum foil, a buffer air cushion and food-grade adhesive. The core heating component is the gradient reaction cavity, which is internally mixed with core-shell magnesium powder, coated iron powder, sodium chloride catalyst, PCM phase change material and food-grade adhesive in proportion. The device realizes temperature control through the cooperation of the main reaction rapid heat release and the auxiliary reaction slow heat release, and is matched with the PCM phase change material. The device is heated to about 60 DEG C within 25 seconds to expand the bottle cap, and is cooled to below 45 DEG C within 35 seconds and naturally cooled. The heat is uniformly transferred through the heat-conducting aluminum foil, and the temperature-sensitive indicating window realizes real-time color warning of the temperature state. The food-grade adhesive is firmly pasted and has no residue, and is suitable for various iron bottle caps. The device can easily and safely open the cap without additional tools, and has the advantages of practicability and safety, and is suitable for various scenes such as families and catering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of auxiliary tools for household appliances, specifically a heating device for opening bottle caps. Background Technology

[0002] When consumers open sealed containers such as hot sauce and canned goods, the increased friction due to the tight seal between the cap and the bottle opening, or insufficient hand strength, makes it more difficult to open. Common solutions fall into two categories: physical aids and heating methods. Physical aids (such as bottle openers) have the following drawbacks: (1) they are not convenient to carry; (2) they may damage the container during use; (3) they pose certain safety hazards to consumers; and (4) they need to be compatible with bottle caps of different sizes. Heating methods usually involve inverting the can and placing it in hot water for a certain period of time before opening. This method also has certain limitations: (1) it requires the preparation of hot water and related containers, and the operation steps are relatively cumbersome; (2) the container needs to be inverted for a long time, making it inconvenient to use; and (3) the residual water on the container lid may contaminate the food inside.

[0003] The market currently needs a short-duration, efficient, temperature-controlled, safe, and portable bottle cap heating device. This device would increase the space between the bottle cap and the bottle opening by briefly heating the cap, reducing friction and thus making it easier to open the bottle. This device effectively addresses the problems of inconvenience in carrying, safety hazards, complex operation, and food contamination in existing technologies, while avoiding the risk of burns from high temperatures and the possibility of material leakage.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a heating device for opening bottle caps to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a short-duration, efficient, temperature-controllable, safe, and portable bottle cap heating device. This device uses a gradient reaction chamber to rapidly increase the temperature between the bottle cap and the bottle opening, reducing friction and thus enabling easy bottle opening. Simultaneously, this device avoids the inconvenience, safety hazards, complex operation, and food contamination associated with traditional bottle opening methods, and effectively prevents the risks of burns and material leakage.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A heating device for opening bottle caps includes an outer protective layer, a temperature-sensitive indicator window, a piezoelectric activation layer, a gradient reaction chamber, a thermally conductive aluminum foil, a cushioning air pad, and a patch adhesive backing. The outer protective layer, temperature-sensitive indicator window, piezoelectric activation layer, gradient reaction chamber, thermally conductive aluminum foil, buffer air cushion, and patch adhesive are sequentially bonded from the inside out, and the layers are connected to form an integral structure through a heat sealing process. The temperature-sensitive indicator window is a ring-shaped temperature-sensitive window. The ring-shaped temperature-sensitive window adopts a ring partition design, with a ring width of 2mm divided into 5 color levels, which converts the temperature distribution into a color gradient and achieves a spatial resolution of ±1℃. The outside is wrapped with a hollow outer film and a titanium dioxide filter layer. The piezoelectric activation layer includes a piezoelectric membrane and a water storage microcapsule, wherein the piezoelectric membrane is wrapped around the outer wall of the water storage microcapsule; The gradient reaction chamber is equipped with a core heating layer, which is made of a mixture of core-shell magnesium powder, coated iron powder, sodium chloride catalyst, PCM phase change material and adhesive, and is encapsulated inside the gradient reaction chamber. The gradient reaction chamber achieves thermodynamic timing control through spatial layering, and consists of three levels: conical grooves, radial grooves, and edge gradient regions. The conical groove uses the wall inclination angle to guide the directional penetration of water, increasing the contact area of ​​the core-shell magnesium powder by 300% and compressing 80% of the reaction heat into release within 15 seconds. The radial grooves construct a low thermal resistance heat transfer path with a bifurcated structure, and achieve radial heat diffusion through the Fourier heat conduction equation (q˙=-k∇T) to ensure that the surface temperature difference of the reaction chamber is <1.5℃; The edge gradient region uses SiO2 to coat iron powder concentration gradient (30%→70%), and the side reaction rate is controlled by a thickness reduction rate of 1% / mm to match the PCM phase change endothermic rhythm and block the secondary temperature surge.

[0007] In the heating device of the present invention, preferably, the outer protective layer is made of PET / aluminum foil composite film with a thickness of 80μm and adopts a hollow design, which mainly serves to prevent moisture and oxygen and provide mechanical protection.

[0008] Preferably, the annular temperature-sensitive window of the temperature-sensitive indicator window is made of spiropyran-polyacrylamide temperature-sensitive material undergoing lattice rearrangement, triggering a red-shift → blue-shift in the absorption spectrum at 45℃ (λmax 620nm → 480nm λmax 620nm → 480nm), forming a color ring display. The annular partition design has a ring width of 2mm and 5 color levels, converting the temperature distribution into a color gradient and achieving a spatial resolution of ±1℃. The hollow outer film adopts a microporous array with a pore diameter of 50±5μm and a pore spacing of 100μm, increasing the light transmittance to 90% and reducing light intensity loss caused by total internal reflection. The titanium dioxide filter layer blocks ambient light interference, with a light suppression rate >90%, ensuring a color signal-to-noise ratio >10:1. The hollow structure reduces the incident light scattering angle from 42° to 12°, improving the color contrast by 300%, allowing users to identify the temperature status within 3 seconds.

[0009] Preferably, the piezoelectric film is a PVDF film, the water-storing microcapsule is a hydrogel microcapsule array, and the surface of the piezoelectric film is pre-formed with a cross-shaped crack with a depth of 60% of the film thickness and a length of 200 μm. Utilizing the stress concentration effect at the cross intersection, when external pressure (≥3N) is applied to the crack tip, the stress intensity factor (KI=σπa) exceeds the material critical value KICKIC, causing the crack to propagate in a directional manner until complete fracture.

[0010] Preferably, the core heating layer is made by mixing core-shell magnesium powder, coated iron powder, sodium chloride catalyst, PCM phase change material, and adhesive in a mass percentage ratio of 45%, 30%, 5%, 15%, and 5%, respectively, and then adding deionized water to form a paste before encapsulating it inside the gradient reaction chamber. Preferably, the thermally conductive aluminum foil is a 30μm thick layer of 1070 aluminum alloy with a thermal conductivity of 47W / mK, which rapidly conducts heat to the bottle cap. Preferably, the buffer cushion is a 1mm thick layer of EVA foam, which can adapt to the curved surface of the bottle cap and distribute pressure evenly; the adhesive backing of the patch is a 60μm thick layer of acrylic adhesive, which can firmly adhere, remove without residue, and allow for microchannel venting.

[0011] The core heating layer in the aforementioned heating device releases heat through an oxidation reaction, specifically as follows: The main reaction in the core region is: Mg + 2H₂O → Mg(OH)₂ + H₂↑ + heat (ΔH = -354 kJ / mol) Side reaction in the edge region: 4Fe + 3O₂ + 6H₂O → 4Fe(OH)₃ + heat (slow release) The reaction process is as follows: (1) Heating: ① Conical groove focusing effect: groove depth-to-diameter ratio 1:10 (depth 0.5mm / diameter 5mm) → water penetrates directionally along the groove wall, magnesium powder contact area is increased by 3 times, and the groove structure allows 80% of the heat to be released within 15 seconds; Magnesium powder concentration in the core and shell of the tank ≥80% → reaction intensity concentrated in the core area; ②Catalytic mechanism of core-shell magnesium powder: The 50nm thick Mg@CuO shell reduces the hydrolysis activation energy to 48kJ / mol, while that of pure magnesium powder is 80kJ / mol; (2) Cooling: ① Speed ​​control in the edge gradient region: The thickness decreases from 0.3mm to 0.1mm → the concentration of SiO2-coated iron powder increases from 30% to 70%, and the heat release power is 0.8kJ / s, which is 5% of that of magnesium powder → to avoid secondary temperature surges.

[0012] ②PCM phase transition: Ethyl tetradecanoate with a phase change point of 45±0.5℃ undergoes precise heat absorption → latent heat of phase change 220kJ / kg → absorbs 35% of the total heat (approximately 5.25kJ) → forced cooling to below 45℃; The core-shell magnesium powder uses a 50nm thick CuO shell as a "catalytic barrier" to accelerate the reaction by reducing the hydrolysis activation energy, while limiting the deflagration of the magnesium core. Ball milling is used to ensure the shell density (porosity <0.1%), so that the unit heat generation power is stable at 15kJ / s±5%. The PCM phase change material is ethyl tetradecanoate, with a phase change point of 45±0.5℃. It absorbs 5.25kJ of heat within 10 seconds using its latent heat of fusion (220kJ / kg), forcibly cooling down to a safe threshold. In conjunction with the iron powder slow-release system, the iron powder releases heat at a power of 0.8kJ / s, which is 5% of that of magnesium powder. This fills the temperature fluctuation after the PCM absorbs heat, achieving rapid cooling down to below 45℃ and natural cooling.

[0013] In the preparation of the heating device of the present invention, core-shell magnesium powder, coated iron powder, sodium chloride catalyst, PCM phase change material, and binder are first mixed evenly according to the formula, and an appropriate amount of deionized water is added and stirred into a paste; then the mixed material is encapsulated inside a gradient reaction chamber and formed into a circular patch through a heat sealing process. Testing has shown that the device can be stored without change for more than 6 months under sealed conditions at room temperature.

[0014] In the heating device of the present invention, the core heating layer releases heat through an oxidation reaction. The specific process is as follows: after peeling off the adhesive backing of the patch, it is attached to the top of the bottle cap and pressed down, causing the piezoelectric membrane of the piezoelectric activation layer to rupture under pressure and release the water stored inside the water storage microcapsule. The water enters the gradient reaction chamber, triggering the oxidation reaction. The temperature rises to 60℃±5℃ within 25 seconds and drops to below 45℃ within 35 seconds and cools naturally. At this time, the space between the bottle cap and the bottle mouth expands due to heat, and the friction is significantly reduced, making it easy and convenient to unscrew the bottle cap. This achieves rapid heating + rapid cooling + uniform temperature, thus making it easy and safe to open the bottle cap.

[0015] When opening a sealed container using the bottle cap heating device of the present invention, first peel off the adhesive backing of the patch, attach the heating device to the top of the bottle cap and press it down, causing the piezoelectric membrane of the piezoelectric activation layer to rupture under pressure and release the water stored inside the water storage microcapsule. The water enters the gradient reaction chamber and triggers the oxidation reaction. Within 25 seconds, the temperature rises to 60℃±5℃. At this time, the space between the bottle cap and the bottle mouth expands due to heat, and the friction is significantly reduced, making it easy and convenient to unscrew the bottle cap. Within 35 seconds of continuous heating, the temperature automatically drops to below 45℃ and cools down naturally, avoiding the risk of high temperature burns.

[0016] The operating steps for using the bottle cap heating device provided by this invention are as follows: Step 1: Peel off the adhesive backing of the patch, attach the heating device to the top of the bottle cap and press it down. This will cause the piezoelectric membrane of the piezoelectric activation layer to rupture under pressure, releasing the water stored inside the water storage microcapsule. The water will then enter the gradient reaction chamber, triggering the oxidation reaction. Step 2: Within 25 seconds, the temperature rises to 60℃±5℃. At this time, the space between the bottle cap and the bottle opening expands due to heat, and the friction is significantly reduced, making it easy and convenient to unscrew the bottle cap. Step 3: The temperature will automatically drop below 45℃ and cool down naturally within 35 seconds of continuous heating to avoid the risk of burns from high temperatures.

[0017] This invention provides a heating device for opening bottle caps. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention provides a heating device for opening bottle caps. The core heating layer uses core-shell magnesium powder as the main reaction component, combined with a gradient reaction chamber spatial structure design, which can heat up to about 60°C within 25 seconds, causing the tin bottle cap to expand rapidly. This significantly reduces the tightness of the fit between the cap and the bottle body, making the opening operation easy and effortless. It completely solves the problems of traditional cap opening being laborious and easily damaging the cap or hands. Through the precise temperature control of PCM phase change material ethyl myristate, the temperature can be reduced to below 45°C within 35 seconds and then naturally cooled, which not only avoids high temperature burns to the user's hands, but also prevents high temperature from affecting the quality and safety of the food inside the bottle. Combined with the blue-red color-changing warning function of the annular temperature-sensitive indicator window, users can intuitively judge the temperature status, further improving the safety of use.

[0018] 2. This invention provides a heating device for opening bottle caps. The combination of a thermally conductive aluminum foil layer and a radial groove design of a gradient reaction chamber creates a low thermal resistance heat transfer path, enabling heat to be transferred quickly and evenly to the entire bottle cap. This avoids difficulties in opening the cap due to local overheating or uneven heat transfer. At the same time, the buffer air cushion adapts to the curved surface of the bottle cap, ensuring uniform pressure and heat distribution and improving the success rate of opening the cap. The piezoelectric activation layer adopts a cross-crack topology design, requiring only a pressing force of ≥3N to trigger the PVDF membrane to rupture, releasing the water in the water storage microcapsule to start the heating reaction, without the need for additional complicated operations. The food-grade adhesive adheres firmly and leaves no residue after removal, making it compatible with various tin bottle caps and suitable for flexible use scenarios.

[0019] 3. This invention provides a heating device for opening bottle caps. The core heating component is made of food-grade material, the adhesive is modified starch conforming to GB31644 standard, and the backing adhesive is certified by GB4806.7. No harmful components are released throughout the process, and the device will not contaminate the food inside the bottle, meeting food safety requirements. The seven-layer composite packaging structure has moisture-proof, oxygen-barrier, and mechanical protection functions, effectively protecting the activity of the internal heating component and extending the product's shelf life. The self-healing complex coating can automatically heal micro-damage caused by transportation vibrations, with a false trigger rate of less than 0.001%, ensuring the stability of the product during storage and use.

[0020] 4. This invention provides a heating device for opening bottle caps, which is easy to operate, economical and inexpensive, requires no additional tools or hot water preparation, saves manpower and material resources, and has a long shelf life. It solves the problems of inconvenience in carrying, safety hazards, complicated operation and food contamination in traditional bottle opening methods, and can be used for commercial promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bottle cap heating device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gradient reaction chamber of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the heating device of the present invention in use.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Outer protective layer; 2. Temperature-sensitive indicator window; 3. Piezoelectric activation layer; 4. Gradient reaction chamber; 401. Conical groove; 402. Radial groove; 403. Edge gradient region; 5. Thermally conductive aluminum foil; 6. Cushioning air cushion; 7. Adhesive backing of the patch; 8. Bottle cap. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0024] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0026] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0027] Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 A detailed explanation is provided, including Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bottle cap heating device, showing the layout of the outer protective layer 1, temperature-sensitive indicator window 2, piezoelectric activation layer 3, gradient reaction chamber 4, thermally conductive aluminum foil 5, buffer air cushion 6, and adhesive backing 7. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the gradient reaction chamber, which details the distribution and functional areas of the conical groove, radial groove, and edge gradient region; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the usage state, showing the process of the bottle cap expanding due to heat and reducing friction after the heating device is attached to the top of the bottle cap 8 and triggers the oxidation reaction.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] This invention provides a heating device for opening bottle caps, comprising an outer protective layer 1, a temperature-sensitive indicator window 2, a piezoelectric activation layer 3, a gradient reaction chamber 4, a thermally conductive aluminum foil 5, a buffer air cushion 6, and a patch adhesive backing 7. Among them, the outer protective layer 1, the temperature-sensitive indicator window 2, the piezoelectric activation layer 3, the gradient reaction chamber 4, the thermally conductive aluminum foil 5, the buffer air cushion 6, and the patch adhesive 7 are sequentially bonded from the inside out, and the layers are connected to form an integral structure through a heat sealing process. The temperature-sensitive indicator window 2 is a ring-shaped temperature-sensitive window. The ring-shaped temperature-sensitive window adopts a ring-shaped partition design, with a ring width of 2mm divided into 5 color levels, which converts the temperature distribution into a color gradient and achieves a spatial resolution of ±1℃. It is wrapped with a hollow outer film and a titanium dioxide filter layer. The piezoelectric activation layer 3 includes a piezoelectric membrane and a water storage microcapsule, with the piezoelectric membrane wrapping around the outer wall of the water storage microcapsule; The gradient reaction chamber 4 is equipped with a core heating layer, which is made of a mixture of core and shell magnesium powder, coated iron powder, sodium chloride catalyst, PCM phase change material and adhesive, and is encapsulated inside the gradient reaction chamber. The gradient reaction chamber 4 achieves thermodynamic timing control through spatial layering, and is composed of three levels: conical groove 401, radial groove 402, and edge gradient region 403. The conical groove 401 uses the wall inclination angle to guide the directional penetration of water, increasing the contact area of ​​the core-shell magnesium powder by 300% and compressing 80% of the reaction heat into release within 15 seconds; The radial groove 402 constructs a low thermal resistance heat transfer path with a bifurcated structure, and achieves radial heat diffusion through the Fourier heat conduction equation (q˙=-k∇T) to ensure that the surface temperature difference of the reaction chamber is <1.5℃; The edge gradient region 403 uses SiO2 to coat iron powder concentration gradient (30%→70%), and controls the side reaction rate according to the thickness reduction rate of 1% / mm to match the PCM phase change endothermic rhythm and block the secondary temperature surge.

[0030] The outer protective layer 1 is made of PET / aluminum foil composite film with a thickness of 80μm. It adopts a hollow design and mainly serves to prevent moisture and oxygen, as well as provide mechanical protection. The annular temperature-sensitive window 2 is made of spiropyran-polyacrylamide temperature-sensitive material that undergoes lattice rearrangement. At 45℃, it triggers a red-shift → blue-shift in the absorption spectrum (λmax 620nm → 480nm), forming a color ring display. The annular partition design has a ring width of 2mm and 5 color levels, converting the temperature distribution into a color gradient and achieving a spatial resolution of ±1℃. The hollow outer film uses a microporous array with a pore size of 50±5μm and a pore spacing of 100μm, increasing the light transmittance to 90% and reducing the impact of total internal reflection. To minimize light intensity loss, a titanium dioxide filter layer blocks ambient light interference, achieving a light suppression rate of >90% and ensuring a color rendering signal-to-noise ratio >10:1. The hollow structure reduces the incident light scattering angle from 42° to 12°, improving color rendering contrast by 300%, allowing users to identify temperature status within 3 seconds. The piezoelectric film is a PVDF film, and the water storage microcapsules are a hydrogel microcapsule array. A cross-shaped crack with a depth of 60% of the film thickness and a length of 200μm is pre-fabricated on the surface of the piezoelectric film. Utilizing the stress concentration effect at the cross intersection, when external pressure (≥3N) is applied to the crack tip, the stress intensity factor (KI=σπa) exceeds the material's critical value KICKIC, triggering the crack to propagate directionally until complete fracture.

[0031] The core heating layer is made of a mixture of core-shell magnesium powder, coated iron powder, sodium chloride catalyst, PCM phase change material and adhesive in a mass percentage ratio of 45%, 30%, 5%, 15% and 5%, respectively. After adding deionized water and stirring into a paste, it is encapsulated inside the gradient reaction chamber. The thermally conductive aluminum foil 5 is a 30μm thick layer of 1070 aluminum alloy with a thermal conductivity of 47W / mK, which quickly conducts heat to the bottle cap 8. The buffer cushion 6 is a 1mm thick layer of EVA foam that can adapt to the curved surface of the bottle cap 8 to distribute pressure evenly. The patch adhesive 7 is a 60μm thick layer of acrylic adhesive that can firmly adhere, remove without residue, and provide microchannel venting.

[0032] The preparation process of the gradient reaction chamber is as follows: First, core-shell magnesium powder (45%), coated iron powder (30%), sodium chloride catalyst (5%), PCM phase change material (15%), and adhesive (5%) are mixed evenly according to the formula ratio. Then, an appropriate amount of deionized water is added and stirred into a paste. The mixed material is evenly distributed inside the gradient reaction chamber, and a circular patch with a diameter of 3.5 cm is formed by heat sealing at a temperature of 120℃ and a pressure of 0.3MPa. During the heat sealing process, the edges of the gradient reaction chamber 4 are completely sealed to ensure the stability and sealing of the overall structure. The outer layer of the gradient reaction chamber 4 is tightly connected to the outer protective layer 1, the temperature-sensitive indicator window 2, the piezoelectric activation layer 3, the thermally conductive aluminum foil 5, the buffer air cushion 6, and the patch backing adhesive 7 through hot melt bonding.

[0033] In this embodiment, the core heating layer releases heat through an oxidation reaction, the specific reaction formula of which is: The main reaction in the core region is: Mg + 2H₂O → Mg(OH)₂ + H₂↑ + heat (ΔH = -354 kJ / mol) Side reaction in the edge region: 4Fe + 3O₂ + 6H₂O → 4Fe(OH)₃ + heat (slow release) The reaction process is as follows: (1) Heating: ① Conical groove 401 focusing effect: groove depth-to-diameter ratio 1:10 (depth 0.5mm / diameter 5mm) → water penetrates directionally along the groove wall, magnesium powder contact area is increased by 3 times, and the groove structure allows 80% of the heat to be released within 15 seconds; Magnesium powder concentration in the core and shell of the tank ≥80% → reaction intensity concentrated in the core area; ②Catalytic mechanism of core-shell magnesium powder: The 50nm thick Mg@CuO shell reduces the hydrolysis activation energy to 48kJ / mol, while that of pure magnesium powder is 80kJ / mol; (2) Cooling: ① Speed ​​control in the edge gradient region 403: The thickness decreases from 0.3mm to 0.1mm → the concentration of SiO2-coated iron powder increases from 30% to 70%, and the heat release power is 0.8kJ / s, which is 5% of that of magnesium powder → to avoid secondary temperature surges.

[0034] ②PCM phase transition: Ethyl tetradecanoate with a phase change point of 45±0.5℃ undergoes precise heat absorption → latent heat of phase change 220kJ / kg → absorbs 35% of the total heat (approximately 5.25kJ) → forced cooling to below 45℃.

[0035] The core-shell magnesium powder uses a 50nm thick CuO shell as a "catalytic barrier" to accelerate the reaction by reducing the hydrolysis activation energy, while limiting the deflagration of the magnesium core. Ball milling is used to ensure the shell density (porosity <0.1%), so that the unit heat generation power is stable at 15kJ / s±5%. The PCM phase change material is ethyl tetradecanoate, with a phase change point of 45±0.5℃. It absorbs 5.25kJ of heat within 10 seconds using its latent heat of fusion (220kJ / kg), forcibly cooling down to a safe threshold. In conjunction with the iron powder slow-release system, the iron powder releases heat at a power of 0.8kJ / s, which is 5% of that of magnesium powder. This fills the temperature fluctuation after the PCM absorbs heat, achieving rapid cooling down to below 45℃ and natural cooling.

[0036] The ball milling process for core-shell magnesium powder is as follows: A nanoscale CuO coating layer was constructed on the surface of magnesium powder using a mechanochemical method, forming a "magnesium core-copper shell" composite structure (Mg@CuO). Under argon protection, the magnesium powder agglomerates were first dispersed by dry grinding (300 rpm × 10 min) to increase the specific surface area. Then, a 0.1 M CuCl2 solution was injected to initiate wet grinding (500 rpm × 110 min). The collision and shearing force of the ball milling media (Φ1 mm zirconia balls) was used to uniformly adsorb copper ions onto the magnesium powder surface. Finally, the copper layer was transformed into a dense CuO shell with a thickness of 50 ± 2 nm by nitrogen thermocuring at 200 °C.

[0037] A two-step ball milling process increases the shell density by 40%. The CuO shell acts as a "catalytic valve," reducing the hydrolysis activation energy from 80 kJ / mol to 48 kJ / mol, accelerating the reaction while preventing magnesium core deflagration. The linear relationship between shell thickness and ball milling parameters (d = k⋅t⋅rpm) enables nanometer-level precision control—shell thickness < 40 nm results in barrier failure (explosion risk), > 60 nm leads to reaction lag (heating exceeds 35 seconds), and within the 40-60 nm range, it meets the 25-second rapid heating requirement. The low-temperature curing process suppresses the magnesium core oxidation rate to < 0.1%, avoiding activity loss.

[0038] The operating steps of the bottle cap heating device in this embodiment during actual use are as follows: Step 1: First, peel off the adhesive backing 7 of the patch, attach the heating device to the top of the bottle cap 8 and press it down, so that the piezoelectric membrane of the piezoelectric activation layer 3 is ruptured under pressure, releasing the water stored inside the water storage microcapsule, allowing the water to enter the gradient reaction chamber 4 and triggering the oxidation reaction. Step 2: Within 25 seconds, the temperature rises to 60℃±5℃. At this time, the space between the bottle cap 8 and the bottle mouth expands due to heat, and the friction is significantly reduced, making it easy and convenient to unscrew the bottle cap 8. Step 3: The temperature will automatically drop below 45℃ and cool down naturally within 35 seconds of continuous heating to avoid the risk of burns from high temperatures.

[0039] The bottle cap heating device in this embodiment solves the problem of difficulty in opening sealed containers due to excessive friction between the bottle cap 8 and the bottle mouth in existing technologies through reasonable material selection and structural design. When opening a sealed container using the bottle cap heating device of this invention, first peel off the adhesive backing 7, attach the heating device to the top of the bottle cap 8 and press it down. This causes the piezoelectric membrane of the piezoelectric activation layer 3 to rupture under pressure, releasing the water stored inside the water storage microcapsule. The water enters the gradient reaction chamber 4, triggering an oxidation reaction. Within 25 seconds, the temperature rises to 60℃±5℃. At this point, the space between the bottle cap 8 and the bottle mouth expands due to heat, significantly reducing friction, making it easy and convenient to unscrew the bottle cap 8. The heating continues for 35 seconds, after which the temperature automatically drops below 45℃ and cools naturally, avoiding the risk of burns. The entire device is simple to operate, economical, and requires no additional tools or hot water preparation, saving manpower and resources. Testing shows that the device can be stored unchanged for more than 6 months under sealed conditions at room temperature, exhibiting a long shelf life.

[0040] Example 2: To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this invention, the specific implementation principle of this invention will be further explained below in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0041] First, when using this bottle cap heating device, the operator needs to peel off the adhesive backing 7 and directly attach the inner buffer cushion 6 of the heating device to the top of the bottle cap 8. When the patch is pressed, the piezoelectric membrane of the piezoelectric activation layer 3 is ruptured under pressure, releasing the water stored inside the water storage microcapsule, allowing the water to enter the gradient reaction chamber 4. At this time, the water and the core-shell magnesium powder in the core heating layer undergo an oxidation reaction under the catalysis of sodium chloride. The reaction formula in the core area is Mg + 2H2O → Mg(OH)2 + H2↑ + heat (ΔH = -354kJ / mol), and the side reaction formula in the edge area is 4Fe + 3O2 + 6H2O → 4Fe(OH)3 + heat (slow release). During this process, heat is rapidly transferred to the surface of the bottle cap 8 through the thermally conductive aluminum foil 5 and the buffer cushion 6, causing the bottle cap 8 to expand due to heat. As the space between the bottle cap 8 and the bottle mouth expands due to heat, the friction between the two is significantly reduced, thus providing convenient conditions for opening the bottle cap 8.

[0042] Secondly, the conical groove 401, radial groove 402, and edge gradient region 403 inside the gradient reaction chamber 4 play a crucial role. The conical groove 401 has a depth-to-diameter ratio of 1:10, and uses the wall inclination angle to guide the directional penetration of moisture, increasing the contact area of ​​the core-shell magnesium powder by 300% and compressing 80% of the reaction heat for release within 15 seconds. The radial groove 402 has a width of 50-150μm, and uses the end of the bifurcated structure ≤20μm to construct a low thermal resistance heat transfer path. Radial heat diffusion is achieved through the Fourier heat conduction equation (q˙=-k∇Tq˙=-k∇T), ensuring that the surface temperature difference of the reaction chamber is <1.5℃. The thickness of the edge gradient region 403 is 0.3mm→0.1mm. The iron powder concentration gradient (30%→70%) is used to coat it with SiO2, and the side reaction rate is controlled according to the thickness decrease rate of 1% / mm to match the endothermic rhythm of the PCM phase change and prevent secondary temperature surges. This mechanism not only avoids the risk of overheating, but also ensures the safety and controllability of the device.

[0043] Furthermore, a cross-shaped crack with a depth of 60% of the film thickness and a length of 200 μm is pre-fabricated on the surface of the piezoelectric film (usually a PVDF substrate). Utilizing the stress concentration effect at the intersection of the cross, when external pressure (≥3N) is applied to the crack tip, the stress intensity factor (KI=σπa) exceeds the material's critical value KICKIC, triggering the crack to propagate directionally until complete fracture. The cross-shaped symmetrical structure ensures uniform stress distribution in four directions, guaranteeing precise cracking from the center upon pressure (fracture rate >99%), avoiding localized non-fracture issues caused by force deviation compared to single-crack solutions. The 90°±5° included angle design is a key technical aspect of the triggering force threshold (3N)—an angle deviation exceeding 5° will lead to stress concentration failure, increasing the triggering force to over 6N. A self-healing complex coating (polyurethane-acrylate, 5μm thick) covers the crack area, automatically healing micro-damage caused by transportation vibrations, suppressing the false triggering rate to <0.001%, while not hindering normal pressure fracture.

[0044] Then, the annular temperature-sensitive window of the temperature-sensitive indicator window 2 undergoes lattice rearrangement of the spiropyran-polyacrylamide temperature-sensitive material, triggering a red-shift → blue-shift in the absorption spectrum at 45℃ (λmax 620nm → 480nm), forming a color ring display. The annular partition design has a ring width of 2mm and 5 color levels, converting the temperature distribution into a color gradient and achieving a spatial resolution of ±1℃. The hollow outer film adopts a microporous array with a pore diameter of 50±5μm and a pore spacing of 100μm, increasing the light transmittance to 90% and reducing the light intensity loss caused by total internal reflection. The titanium dioxide filter layer blocks ambient light interference, with a light suppression rate of >90%, ensuring a color signal-to-noise ratio of >10:1. The hollow structure reduces the incident light scattering angle from 42° to 12°, improving the color contrast by 300%, allowing users to identify the temperature status within 3 seconds.

[0045] In summary, this bottle cap heating device solves the problem of difficulty in opening sealed containers due to excessive friction between the bottle cap 8 and the bottle mouth by using reasonable material selection and structural design. When opening a sealed container using this device, first peel off the adhesive backing 7, attach the heating device to the top of the bottle cap 8 and press it down. This causes the piezoelectric membrane of the piezoelectric activation layer 3 to rupture under pressure, releasing the water stored inside the water storage microcapsule. The water enters the gradient reaction chamber 4, triggering an oxidation reaction. Within 25 seconds, the temperature rises to 60℃±5℃. At this point, the space between the bottle cap 8 and the bottle mouth expands due to heat, significantly reducing friction, making it easy and convenient to unscrew the cap 8. The heating continues for 35 seconds, after which the temperature automatically drops below 45℃ and cools naturally, avoiding the risk of burns. The entire device is simple to operate, economical, and requires no additional tools or hot water preparation, saving manpower and resources. Testing shows that the device can be stored unchanged for more than 6 months under sealed conditions at room temperature, exhibiting a long shelf life.

[0046] The following points should be noted in this article: 1. The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed herein only relate to the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed herein; other structures can be referred to in general design.

[0047] 2. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heating device for opening bottle caps, characterized in that: Includes an outer protective layer, a temperature-sensitive indicator window, a piezoelectric activation layer, a gradient reaction chamber, a thermally conductive aluminum foil, a cushioning air pad, and adhesive backing for the patch; The outer protective layer, temperature-sensitive indicator window, piezoelectric activation layer, gradient reaction chamber, thermally conductive aluminum foil, buffer air cushion, and patch adhesive are sequentially bonded from the inside out, and the layers are connected to form an integral structure through a heat sealing process. The temperature-sensitive indicator window is a ring-shaped temperature-sensitive window. The ring-shaped temperature-sensitive window adopts a ring partition design, with a ring width of 2mm divided into 5 color levels, which converts the temperature distribution into a color gradient and achieves a spatial resolution of ±1℃. The outside is wrapped with a hollow outer film and a titanium dioxide filter layer. The piezoelectric activation layer includes a piezoelectric membrane and a water storage microcapsule, wherein the piezoelectric membrane is wrapped around the outer wall of the water storage microcapsule; The gradient reaction chamber is equipped with a core heating layer, which is made of a mixture of core-shell magnesium powder, coated iron powder, sodium chloride catalyst, PCM phase change material and adhesive, and is encapsulated inside the gradient reaction chamber. The gradient reaction chamber achieves thermodynamic timing control through spatial layering, and consists of three levels: conical grooves, radial grooves, and edge gradient regions. The conical groove uses the wall inclination angle to guide the directional penetration of water, increasing the contact area of ​​the core-shell magnesium powder by 300% and compressing 80% of the reaction heat into release within 15 seconds. The radial grooves construct a low thermal resistance heat transfer path with a bifurcated structure, and achieve radial heat diffusion through the Fourier heat conduction equation (q˙=-k∇T) to ensure that the surface temperature difference of the reaction chamber is <1.5℃; The edge gradient region uses SiO2 to coat the iron powder concentration gradient, and the side reaction rate is controlled by a thickness reduction rate of 1% / mm to match the PCM phase change endothermic rhythm and block the secondary temperature surge.

2. The heating device for opening a bottle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer protective layer is made of PET / aluminum foil composite film with a thickness of 80μm. It adopts a hollow design and mainly serves to prevent moisture and oxygen, as well as provide mechanical protection.

3. The heating device for opening a bottle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular temperature-sensitive window of the temperature-sensitive indicator window is made of spiropyran-polyacrylamide temperature-sensitive material undergoing lattice rearrangement. At 45℃, the absorption spectrum is triggered by a red shift → blue shift (λmax 620nm → 480nm), forming a color ring. The hollow outer film adopts a microporous array with a pore size of 50±5μm and a pore spacing of 100μm, which improves the light transmittance to 90% and reduces the light intensity loss caused by total internal reflection. The titanium dioxide filter layer blocks ambient light interference, with a light suppression rate of >90%, ensuring a color development signal-to-noise ratio of >10:

1.

4. The heating device for opening a bottle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric film is a PVDF film, and the water storage microcapsule is a hydrogel microcapsule array. The surface of the piezoelectric film is pre-formed with a cross-shaped crack with a depth of 60% of the film thickness and a length of 200 μm. By utilizing the stress concentration effect at the intersection of the cross, when external pressure is applied to the crack tip, the stress intensity factor (KI=σπa) exceeds the material critical value KICKIC, causing the crack to propagate in a directional manner until complete fracture.

5. The heating device for opening a bottle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core heating layer is made by mixing core-shell magnesium powder, coated iron powder, sodium chloride catalyst, PCM phase change material and binder in a mass percentage ratio of 45%, 30%, 5%, 15% and 5%, respectively, and then adding deionized water to stir into a paste before encapsulating it inside the gradient reaction chamber.

6. The heating device for opening a bottle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermally conductive aluminum foil is a 30μm thick 1070 aluminum alloy with a thermal conductivity of 47W / mK, which quickly conducts heat to the bottle cap.

7. The heating device for opening a bottle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cushioning air pad is a 1mm thick layer of EVA foam, which can adapt to the curved surface of the bottle cap and distribute the pressure evenly; the adhesive backing of the patch is a 60μm thick layer of acrylic adhesive, which can adhere firmly, remove without residue, and allow for microchannel venting.

8. The heating device for opening a bottle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core heating layer releases heat through an oxidation reaction, specifically as follows: The main reaction in the core region is: Mg + 2H₂O → Mg(OH)₂ + H₂↑ + heat (ΔH = -354 kJ / mol) Side reaction in the edge region: 4Fe + 3O2 + 6H2O → 4Fe(OH)3 + heat (slow release).

9. The heating device for opening a bottle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core-shell magnesium powder uses a 50nm thick CuO shell as a "catalytic barrier" to accelerate the reaction by reducing the hydrolysis activation energy, while limiting the deflagration of the magnesium core. Ball milling is used to ensure the shell density, so that the unit heat generation power is stabilized at 15kJ / s±5%. The PCM phase change material is ethyl tetradecanoate, with a phase change point of 45±0.5℃. It absorbs 5.25kJ of heat within 10 seconds using its latent heat of molten metal, forcibly cooling down to a safe threshold. In conjunction with the iron powder slow-release system, the iron powder has a heat release power of 0.8kJ / s, which is 5% of that of magnesium powder. This fills the temperature fluctuation after the PCM absorbs heat, achieving rapid cooling down to below 45℃ and natural cooling.

10. The heating device for opening a bottle cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device is attached to the top of the bottle cap by peeling off the adhesive backing and pressing it down. This causes the piezoelectric membrane of the piezoelectric activation layer to rupture under pressure, releasing the water stored inside the water storage microcapsule. The water then enters the gradient reaction chamber, triggering an oxidation reaction.

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