Waterproof structure method of through-wall joint

Abstract

The application discloses a waterproof construction method of a through-wall joint, and particularly relates to the technical field of waterproof construction, which comprises a pipe rod component, a water stop ring, a cement-based penetrating crystalline material, a rubber water stop washer with inner and outer thread sleeves, a non-solidified waterproof material, a waterproof layer, a rubber expansion water stop ring, a sealing cap and a threaded compression washer. The construction method specifically comprises the following steps: S1, wall hole opening; S2, pipe rod component through-wall; S3, cement-based penetrating crystalline coating; S4, installation of the rubber water stop washer with inner and outer thread sleeves; S5, non-solidified waterproof material coating; S6, waterproof layer treatment; S7, installation of the rubber expansion water stop ring; and S8, sealing treatment. The waterproof construction method of the through-wall joint has significant advantages in terms of impermeability, bonding strength, durability and deformation adaptability, can effectively solve the problem of water leakage at the through-wall joint, and ensures long-term and reliable waterproof effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waterproofing construction technology, and more specifically, to a method for constructing waterproofing at wall penetration joints. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of construction engineering, it is common to construct pipes and rods through concrete walls. However, in actual construction, many problems are often encountered. For example, due to errors in early planning, design changes or construction negligence, there are often pipes with water-stop ring plates that are not buried or are incorrectly positioned. This necessitates secondary drilling. After secondary drilling, the joints are damaged and waterproofing is extremely difficult, becoming high-risk areas for water leakage.

[0003] Traditional waterproofing methods have many limitations when dealing with post-drilled wall penetrations and structural member joints: Its waterproofing measures are not perfect, lacking multiple effective waterproofing lines, making it difficult to form a comprehensive waterproof barrier and unable to effectively cope with complex working conditions and changing environmental factors; Traditional methods use materials with relatively limited properties, which cannot meet the stringent requirements for long-term waterproofing in terms of adhesion, flexibility, and durability. Over long-term use, these materials are prone to aging, cracking, and peeling, leading to a gradual loss of waterproofing effectiveness.

[0004] In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a waterproof construction method for through-wall nodes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a waterproof construction method for through-wall nodes to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a waterproof construction method for through-wall joints, comprising a pipe rod component, a water-stop ring, a cement-based penetrating crystallizing material, a rubber water-stop gasket with internal and external threaded sleeves, a non-curing waterproof material, a waterproof layer, a rubber expansion water-stop ring, a sealing cap, and a threaded compression washer. The construction method specifically includes the following steps: S1. Wall opening: Openings are made in concrete walls according to actual needs, ensuring that the opening size matches the size of the pipe or rod component that needs to pass through. S2. Pipe and rod components pass through the wall. Pipe and rod components are passed through the opening made in the wall in step S1, and water-stop rings are welded at the wall position to enhance the waterproof effect at the joint and prevent water from seeping in from the gap between the wall and the pipe and rod components. S3. Apply cement-based penetrating crystallizer: Apply cement-based penetrating crystallizer around the water-stop ring to ensure that the cement-based penetrating crystallizer is tightly pressed against the water-stop ring. The cement-based penetrating crystallizer has good waterproof performance and permeability, and can penetrate into the interior of the wall to form a waterproof layer. S4. Install the rubber water-stop washer with internal and external threaded sleeves. Put the rubber water-stop washer on the pipe rod component and ensure that it is in the correct position. The rubber water-stop washer with internal and external threaded sleeves has good elasticity and sealing performance, which can further prevent water from seeping in. S5. Apply non-curing waterproof material. Apply non-curing waterproof material to the rubber waterstop gasket installed in step S4 to enhance the waterproof effect of the rubber waterstop gasket. The non-curing waterproof material has excellent adhesion and flexibility and can adapt to the small displacement between the pipe rod component and the wall. S6. Waterproof layer treatment: Make a hole at the threaded sleeve of the rubber waterstop gasket to bond the waterproof layer to the rubber waterstop gasket, and heat-melt and press the waterproof layer and the rubber waterstop gasket together to ensure a good seal between them. S7. Install rubber expansion waterstop rings. Install matching rubber expansion waterstop rings inside rubber waterstop washers with internal and external threaded sleeves. The rubber expansion waterstop rings will expand and deform under pressure, thereby filling the gap between the pipe rod components and the wall and improving the waterproof effect. S8. Sealing treatment: Install threaded compression washers and tighten and compact them with sealing caps to ensure the sealing and stability of the entire node structure.

[0007] Preferably, the water-stop ring is a ring structure with a thickness of ≥3mm, and the water-stop ring is made of corrosion-resistant metal material.

[0008] Preferably, the cement-based penetrating crystallizing material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: The ingredients are: 70-80 parts ordinary silicate cement, 20-30 parts sulfoaluminate cement, 3-5 parts sodium metasilicate, 2-4 parts sodium carbonate, 1-3 parts calcium hydroxide, 0.5-1.5 parts calcium aluminate, 8-15 parts fly ash, 3-5 parts silica fume, 0.5-1.5 parts nano titanium dioxide, 0.5-1 part nano calcium carbonate, and 0.8-1.5 parts polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent. The specific preparation method includes the following steps: Dry mix ordinary silicate cement, sulfoaluminate cement, fly ash, silica fume, nano titanium dioxide, nano calcium carbonate and active chemical substances in a forced mixer for 3-5 minutes to ensure that all components are fully and evenly mixed. Dissolve the polycarboxylate superplasticizer in water to prepare a solution with a concentration of 20%-30%. During the stirring process, slowly add the superplasticizer solution to the dry mixture and continue stirring for 5-8 minutes. After mixing, let the material stand for 2-3 minutes, then mix it again for 2-3 minutes to further homogenize the material. Then, seal the prepared cement-based penetrating crystallizing material and store it for 24-48 hours to allow it to mature and react, thus obtaining the cement-based penetrating crystallizing material.

[0009] Preferably, the coating thickness of the cement-based penetrating crystallizing material is ≥2mm, and it is applied in two coats with an interval of ≥12 hours between each coat.

[0010] Preferably, the rubber material of the rubber water-stop washer with internal and external threaded sleeves is EPDM rubber with a Shore hardness of 40-60°.

[0011] Preferably, the non-curing waterproof material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: The preparation method comprises 70-90 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, 10-30 parts of thermoplastic elastomer, 10-20 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 10-15 parts of tributyl citrate, 15-25 parts of nano-grade calcium carbonate, 15-20 parts of talc, 0.5-1 part of hindered phenolic antioxidant, 0.3-0.6 parts of benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber, and 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent. The specific preparation method follows these steps: Styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, thermoplastic elastomer, epoxidized soybean oil, tributyl citrate, hindered phenolic antioxidant, benzotriazole UV absorber, and nano-sized calcium carbonate and talc powder treated with silane coupling agent are added to a high-speed mixer and mixed at 800-1200 rpm for 10-15 minutes to ensure that the components are fully and evenly dispersed. The high-speed mixed material is fed into a twin-screw extruder and melt-blended and extruded at a temperature of 150-180℃, with the screw speed controlled at 200-300 rpm. During construction, the prepared non-curing waterproof material particles are heated to 120-150℃ to melt them into a fluid state for brushing or spraying.

[0012] Preferably, the waterproof layer is a polymer waterproof membrane with a thickness of ≥1.5mm, and the bonding area is polished before bonding with the rubber waterstop gasket.

[0013] Preferably, the expansion rate of the rubber expansion seal ring is ≥200%, and it is kept dry before installation.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing cap has a hexagonal structure, is made of stainless steel, and is tightened using a torque wrench with the torque controlled between 15-25 N·m.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: Through the synergistic action of multiple waterproofing lines, a comprehensive three-dimensional waterproofing system is formed. Cement-based penetrating crystalline materials penetrate deep into the wall to form a dense waterproof layer, preventing water penetration at the source. Rubber water-stop gaskets and rubber expansion water-stop rings effectively block water channels from both external sealing and internal filling aspects, respectively. Non-curing waterproof materials adapt to structural deformation and maintain a continuous sealing state. Polymer waterproof membranes serve as the last line of defense, further enhancing the overall waterproofing performance. Thus, this invention can effectively resist the threat of water disasters in complex environments, ensure that the building structure remains dry for a long time, significantly reduce the risk of leakage, and improve the quality of building waterproofing projects. Not only does it provide waterproofing, it also enhances the overall stability of the joint structure. The rubber waterstop gasket with internal and external threaded sleeves is reliably fixed to the pipe rod components and sealing caps through threaded connection, ensuring that it will not loosen or shift under various working conditions. After the rubber expansion waterstop ring expands under pressure, it tightly fills the gaps, enhancing the integrity and deformation resistance of the structure. It can effectively adapt to the relative displacement between the pipe rod components and the wall caused by factors such as temperature changes and structural settlement, reducing the possibility of waterproofing failure due to structural deformation, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the waterproof structure, and extending the service life of the building. Cement-based penetrating crystalline materials can significantly improve impermeability, strength development, and durability, while non-curing waterproof materials enhance flexibility, weather resistance, adhesion, and environmental friendliness, reducing the impact on the environment and the health of construction workers, and extending the service life of waterproof structures. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the overall method of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a construction diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber waterproof gasket structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber expansion waterstop ring structure of the present invention.

[0020] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Pipe rod component; 2. Water-stop ring; 3. Rubber water-stop washer; 4. Rubber expansion water-stop ring; 5. Sealing cap; 6. Threaded compression washer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0022] This invention provides a waterproof construction method for wall penetration nodes, which requires the use of pipe rod component 1, water-stop ring 2, cement-based penetrating crystallizing material, rubber water-stop gasket 3 with internal and external threaded sleeves, non-curing waterproof material, waterproof layer, rubber expansion water-stop ring 4, sealing cap 5 and threaded compression gasket 6 in combination. The specific construction method includes the following steps: S1. Wall opening: Determine the location on the concrete wall where the pipe rod component 1 needs to be installed. Based on the outer diameter of the pipe rod component 1, use professional drilling equipment to open the hole. The diameter of the hole is 10-20mm larger than the outer diameter of the pipe rod component 1 to ensure that the pipe rod component 1 can pass through smoothly. In this embodiment, the pipe rod component 1 is a steel pipe with a diameter of 50mm, and the opening diameter is 60mm. S2. Pipe rod component 1 passes through the wall. Pass the steel pipe through the wall opening and align the center of the steel pipe with the center of the opening. Use arc welding to weld the 3mm thick stainless steel water-stop ring 2 to the position of the steel pipe in the wall. The outer diameter of the water-stop ring 2 is 100mm. During welding, ensure that the weld is continuous, full, and free of defects such as porosity and slag inclusion. Clean the weld slag after welding. S3. Apply cement-based penetrating crystallizer coating: Preparation of cement-based penetrating crystallizing material: The raw materials were weighed according to the following ratio: 75 parts ordinary Portland cement, 25 parts sulfoaluminate cement, 4 parts sodium metasilicate, 3 parts sodium carbonate, 2 parts calcium hydroxide, 1 part calcium aluminate, 12 parts fly ash, 4 parts silica fume, 1 part nano titanium dioxide, 0.8 parts nano calcium carbonate, and 1.2 parts polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent. First, the ordinary Portland cement, sulfoaluminate cement, fly ash, silica fume, nano titanium dioxide, nano calcium carbonate, and active chemical substances were dry-mixed in a forced mixer for 4 minutes. Then, the polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent was dissolved in water to prepare a 25% concentration solution, which was slowly added to the dry mixture during the mixing process. The mixture was stirred continuously for 6 minutes. After the mixing was completed, the mixture was allowed to stand for 2.5 minutes, stirred again for 2.5 minutes, and then sealed and stored for 36 hours to obtain the cement-based penetrating crystallizing material. Application: Apply cement-based penetrating crystallizing material twice around the water-stop ring 2, with each application being 1.2 mm thick and 15 hours apart. Ensure that the material is tightly pressed against the water-stop ring 2 and that the application area covers 100 mm around the water-stop ring 2. S4. Install the rubber water-stop washer 3 with internal and external threaded sleeves. Select the rubber water-stop washer 3 made of EPDM rubber with a Shore hardness of 50°, and put it on the steel pipe so that the rubber water-stop washer 3 is located outside the water-stop ring 2 and the center of the washer is aligned with the center of the steel pipe. S5. Apply non-curing waterproofing material: Preparation of non-curing waterproof material: Raw materials are weighed according to the following proportions based on the total mass of fillers: 80 parts styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, 20 parts thermoplastic elastomer, 15 parts epoxidized soybean oil, 12 parts tributyl citrate, 20 parts nano-grade calcium carbonate, 18 parts talc, 0.8 parts hindered phenolic antioxidant, 0.5 parts benzotriazole UV absorber, and 2 parts silane coupling agent. The styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, thermoplastic elastomer, epoxidized soybean oil, tributyl citrate, hindered phenolic antioxidant, benzotriazole UV absorber, and nano-grade calcium carbonate and talc treated with silane coupling agent are added to a high-speed mixer and mixed at 1000 rpm for 12 minutes. The mixture is then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and extrusion granulation at 160°C, with a screw speed of 250 rpm. During construction, the granules are heated to 130°C to melt them into a fluid state. Application: Apply non-curing waterproof material evenly to the rubber waterstop gasket 3. The application width is 1.8 times the width of the rubber waterstop gasket 3. In this embodiment, the width of the rubber waterstop gasket 3 is 50mm and the application width is 90mm. S6. Waterproofing layer treatment: Select a 1.8mm thick polymer waterproof membrane as the waterproofing layer. Make a hole at the corresponding position of the threaded sleeve of the rubber waterstop gasket 3. The hole diameter is 5mm larger than the outer diameter of the threaded sleeve. Adhere the waterproofing layer to the rubber waterstop gasket 3. Before bonding, grind the bonding area. Then use a hot air gun to heat the contact area between the waterproofing layer and the rubber waterstop gasket 3 to heat melt and press them together to ensure a good seal. S7. Install the rubber expansion waterstop ring 4. Install the rubber expansion waterstop ring 4 with an expansion rate of 220% inside the rubber waterstop gasket 3. Before installation, ensure that the rubber expansion waterstop ring 4 is dry. After installation, place it in the gap between the pipe rod component 1 and the rubber waterstop gasket 3. S8. Sealing treatment: Install threaded compression washer 6 and use hexagonal stainless steel sealing cap 5 to connect it to the steel pipe thread. Use a torque wrench to control the torque at 20 N·m, tighten and compact to ensure the sealing and stability of the entire node structure. Example

[0023] This invention provides a waterproof construction method for wall penetration nodes, which requires the use of pipe rod component 1, water-stop ring 2, cement-based penetrating crystallizing material, rubber water-stop gasket 3 with internal and external threaded sleeves, non-curing waterproof material, waterproof layer, rubber expansion water-stop ring 4, sealing cap 5 and threaded compression gasket 6 in combination. The specific construction method includes the following steps: S1. Wall opening: For concrete walls, determine the opening location based on a copper pipe with an outer diameter of 60mm, and the opening diameter is 70mm. S2. Pipe rod component 1 passes through the wall. After the copper pipe passes through the opening, a copper water-stop ring 2 with a thickness of 3.5mm is welded on. The outer diameter of the water-stop ring 2 is 110mm. The welding process is the same as in Example 1. S3. Apply cement-based penetrating crystallizer coating: Preparation of cement-based penetrating crystallizing material: The raw material ratio is 70 parts ordinary Portland cement, 30 parts sulfoaluminate cement, 3 parts sodium metasilicate, 2 parts sodium carbonate, 1 part calcium hydroxide, 0.5 parts calcium aluminate, 8 parts fly ash, 3 parts silica fume, 0.5 parts nano titanium dioxide, 0.5 parts nano calcium carbonate, and 0.8 parts polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent. The preparation process is the same as in Example 1, but the dry mixing time is 3 min, the water-reducing agent solution concentration is 20%, the stirring time is 5 min for the first stirring and 2 min for the second stirring, and the storage time is 24 h. Application: Apply in two coats, each coat being 1 mm thick, with a 12-hour interval between coats. The application area should cover 80 mm around the waterstop ring 2. S4. Install the rubber water-stop washer 3 with internal and external threaded sleeves. The rubber water-stop washer 3 is made of EPDM rubber with a Shore hardness of 40°. The installation method is the same as in Example 1. S5. Apply non-curing waterproofing material: Preparation of non-curing waterproof material: 70 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, 10 parts of thermoplastic elastomer, 10 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 10 parts of tributyl citrate, 15 parts of nano-grade calcium carbonate, 15 parts of talc, 0.5 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidant, 0.3 parts of benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber, and 1 part of silane coupling agent. During the preparation process, the high-speed mixer speed was 800 rpm, the mixing time was 10 min, the twin-screw extruder temperature was 150℃, the screw speed was 200 rpm, and the construction heating temperature was 120℃. Application: The application width is 1.5 times the width of the rubber waterstop gasket 3. In this embodiment, the width of the rubber waterstop gasket 3 is 40mm, and the application width is 60mm. S6. Waterproofing layer treatment: a 1.5mm thick polymer waterproof membrane is used, and the opening and bonding treatment methods are the same as in Example 1. S7. Install the rubber expansion waterstop ring 4. Select the rubber expansion waterstop ring 4 with an expansion rate of 200%. The installation method is the same as in Example 1. S8. Sealing treatment: Install threaded compression washer 6 and use hexagonal stainless steel sealing cap 5. Tighten and compact the torque to 15 N·m. Example

[0024] This invention provides a waterproof construction method for wall penetration nodes, which requires the use of pipe rod component 1, water-stop ring 2, cement-based penetrating crystallizing material, rubber water-stop gasket 3 with internal and external threaded sleeves, non-curing waterproof material, waterproof layer, rubber expansion water-stop ring 4, sealing cap 5 and threaded compression gasket 6 in combination. The specific construction method includes the following steps: S1. Wall opening: A 50mm diameter opening is made in a concrete wall for a stainless steel pipe with an outer diameter of 40mm. S2. Pipe rod component 1 passes through the wall. After the stainless steel pipe passes through the opening, a stainless steel water-stop ring 2 with a thickness of 4mm is welded on. The outer diameter of the water-stop ring 2 is 90mm. The welding process is the same as in Example 1. S3. Apply cement-based penetrating crystallizer coating: Preparation of cement-based penetrating crystallizing material: 80 parts ordinary Portland cement, 20 parts sulfoaluminate cement, 5 parts sodium metasilicate, 4 parts sodium carbonate, 3 parts calcium hydroxide, 1.5 parts calcium aluminate, 15 parts fly ash, 5 parts silica fume, 1.5 parts nano titanium dioxide, 1 part nano calcium carbonate, and 1.5 parts polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent. Dry mixing time was 5 min, water-reducing agent solution concentration was 30%, stirring times were 8 min and 3 min respectively, and storage time was 48 h. Application: Apply two coats, each 1.5 mm thick, with an 18-hour interval between coats. The application area should cover 120 mm around the waterstop ring 2. S4. Install the rubber water-stop washer 3 with internal and external threaded sleeves. The rubber water-stop washer 3 is made of EPDM rubber with a Shore hardness of 60°. The installation method is the same as in Example 1. S5. Apply non-curing waterproofing material: Preparation of non-curing waterproof material: 90 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, 30 parts of thermoplastic elastomer, 20 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 15 parts of tributyl citrate, 25 parts of nano-grade calcium carbonate, 20 parts of talc, 1 part of hindered phenolic antioxidant, 0.6 parts of benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber, and 3 parts of silane coupling agent; high-speed mixer speed is 1200 rpm, mixing time is 15 min, twin-screw extruder temperature is 180℃, screw speed is 300 rpm, and construction heating temperature is 150℃; Application: The application width is twice the width of the rubber waterstop gasket 3. In this embodiment, the width of the rubber waterstop gasket 3 is 60mm, and the application width is 120mm. S6. Waterproofing layer treatment: Select a 2mm thick polymer waterproof membrane. The opening and bonding treatment methods are the same as in Example 1. S7. Install the rubber expansion waterstop ring 4. Use the rubber expansion waterstop ring 4 with an expansion rate of 250%. The installation method is the same as in Example 1. S8. Sealing treatment: Install threaded compression washer 6 and use hexagonal stainless steel sealing cap 5. Tighten and compact the torque to 25 N·m.

[0025] Comparison Example 1: Comparison of Traditional Waterproofing Materials The wall opening and pipe rod component 1 are installed in the same way as in Example 1. A 50mm diameter steel pipe is opened in the concrete wall, and a 60mm diameter steel pipe passes through the opening. Waterproofing treatment: Traditional asphalt-based waterproof coating and ordinary rubber waterstop are used for waterproofing. Asphalt-based waterproof coating is applied to the gap between the steel pipe and the wall, with a thickness of about 1.5mm, and then ordinary rubber waterstop is wrapped around it. No improved materials or special structures such as cement-based penetrating crystallizing materials, non-curing waterproof materials, or rubber expansion waterstop rings are used. Sealing process: A common metal cap was used to simply tighten the seal without controlling the torque.

[0026] Comparative Example 2: Comparison of Some Material Improvements Wall opening and pipe member 1 installation: Same as in Example 1, a 50mm diameter steel pipe is opened in the concrete wall, and a 60mm diameter steel pipe is passed through the opening; Waterproofing treatment: Apply ordinary cement-based waterproof coating without adding nanomaterials or optimized components, with a thickness of approximately 1mm, without multiple coats; install ordinary rubber waterstop gaskets 3 without using special rubber materials or structures; do not apply non-curing waterproof materials; use ordinary plastic waterproof membrane with a thickness of 1mm as the waterproof layer, simply pasted on the outside of the rubber waterstop gaskets 3 without special treatment; install ordinary rubber waterstop strips instead of rubber expansion waterstop rings 4. The sealing process involved tightening a standard plastic cap without controlling the torque.

[0027] Performance testing: 1. Impermeability test: The impermeability of the through-wall joint specimens prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested using the water pressure penetration test method. The water pressure was gradually increased, and the water pressure value at which the specimen began to seep water was observed. The results showed that: The specimens in Examples 1-3 only began to show slight water seepage when the water pressure reached 1.2 MPa or higher, while the specimen in Comparative Example 1 began to seep water when the water pressure reached 0.5 MPa, and the specimen in Comparative Example 2 began to seep water when the water pressure reached 0.8 MPa. This indicates that the waterproof construction method and material of the present invention have significantly improved impermeability.

[0028] 2. Bond strength test: The bond strength between the waterproof layer and the rubber waterstop gasket, and between the rubber waterstop gasket and the pipe rod component, was tested using a tensile test method on a universal testing machine. The test results showed that: In Examples 1-3, the average bonding strength between the waterproof layer and the rubber waterstop gasket reached 1.5 N / mm² or more, and the average bonding strength between the rubber waterstop gasket and the pipe rod component reached 1.2 N / mm² or more. In contrast, the bonding strength between the waterproof layer and the rubber waterstop gasket in Comparative Example 1 is only about 0.8 N / mm², and the bonding strength between the rubber waterstop gasket and the pipe rod component is about 0.6 N / mm². The corresponding bond strength in Comparative Example 2 was also significantly lower than that in the Example, at approximately 1.0 N / mm² and 0.8 N / mm², respectively, indicating that the construction method and material combination of the present invention can provide a stronger bonding effect.

[0029] Durability testing involved placing specimens from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 in an aging test chamber simulating a natural environment. These tests included ultraviolet irradiation, temperature cycling (-20℃ to 60℃), and humidity cycling (50% to 95%) for 1000 hours. The results showed that: The asphalt-based waterproof coating in Comparative Example 1 showed obvious cracking and aging, resulting in a significant decrease in waterproof performance. The ordinary cement-based waterproof coating in Comparative Example 2 also showed some degree of powdering, and the rubber waterstop and waterstop strip hardened and deformed, affecting the waterproof effect. However, after aging tests, the waterproof performance of the specimens in Examples 1-3 remained basically unchanged, the adhesion between the materials was good, and the rubber waterstop gasket and rubber expansion waterstop ring still maintained good elasticity and sealing performance, indicating that the waterproof structure of the present invention has excellent durability.

[0030] Deformation adaptability test: Specimens from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to tensile and compressive deformation simulating the relative displacement between the pipe member and the wall, with a deformation amount of ±5mm, cyclicated 100 times. Changes in the waterproof performance of the specimens were observed. The test results showed that: In Comparative Example 1, during the deformation process, the asphalt-based waterproof coating and ordinary rubber waterstop peeled and cracked, leading to water seepage. In Comparative Example 2, the ordinary rubber waterstop gasket and waterstop strip showed decreased sealing performance after deformation, resulting in water seepage. However, the specimens in Examples 1-3 maintained good waterproof performance after undergoing deformation cycles. The rubber waterstop gasket and rubber expansion waterstop ring were able to adapt to deformation and effectively prevent water seepage, indicating that the structure of the present invention has good adaptability to deformation.

[0031] The test results of the above embodiments and comparative examples fully demonstrate that the waterproof construction method and material improvement of the wall penetration joint of the present invention have significant advantages in terms of impermeability, bonding strength, durability and deformation adaptability. It can effectively solve the problem of water leakage at the wall penetration joint and ensure long-term reliable waterproof effect.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof construction method for wall penetration joints, comprising pipe rod components (1), water-stop rings (2), cement-based penetrating crystallizing material, rubber water-stop washers with internal and external threaded sleeves (3), non-curing waterproof material, waterproof layer, rubber expansion water-stop rings (4), sealing caps (5), and threaded compression washers (6), characterized in that: The construction method specifically includes the following steps: S1. Wall opening: Open a hole in the concrete wall as needed, and ensure that the size of the opening matches the size of the pipe rod component (1) that needs to be passed through. S2, Pipe rod component (1) passes through the wall. Pipe rod component (1) passes through the opening in the wall in step S1, and a water-stop ring plate (2) is welded at the wall position to enhance the waterproof effect at the joint and prevent water from seeping in from the gap between the wall and the pipe rod component (1). S3. Apply cement-based penetrating crystallizer. Apply cement-based penetrating crystallizer around the water-stop ring (2) to ensure that the cement-based penetrating crystallizer is tightly pressed with the water-stop ring (2). The cement-based penetrating crystallizer has good waterproof performance and permeability, and can penetrate into the interior of the wall to form a waterproof layer. S4. Install the rubber water-stop washer (3) with internal and external threaded sleeves. Put the rubber water-stop washer (3) on the pipe rod component (1) and ensure that its position is correct. The rubber water-stop washer (3) with internal and external threaded sleeves has good elasticity and sealing performance, which can further prevent water from seeping in. S5. Apply non-curing waterproof material. Apply non-curing waterproof material to the rubber waterstop gasket (3) installed in step S4 to enhance the waterproof effect of the rubber waterstop gasket (3). The non-curing waterproof material has excellent adhesion and flexibility and can adapt to the small displacement between the pipe rod component (1) and the wall. S6. Waterproof layer treatment: make a hole at the threaded sleeve of the rubber water-stop washer (3) to bond the waterproof layer to the rubber water-stop washer (3), and heat-melt and press the waterproof layer to the rubber water-stop washer (3) to ensure a good seal between them. S7. Install rubber expansion waterstop ring (4). Install matching rubber expansion waterstop ring (4) inside the rubber waterstop gasket (3) with internal and external thread sleeves. The rubber expansion waterstop ring (4) will expand and deform when subjected to pressure, thereby filling the gap between the pipe rod component (1) and the wall and improving the waterproof effect. S8. Sealing treatment: Install threaded compression washer (6) and tighten and compact with sealing cap (5) to ensure the sealing and stability of the entire node structure.

2. The waterproof construction method for through-wall nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-stopping ring (2) is a ring structure with a thickness of ≥3mm. The water-stopping ring (2) is made of corrosion-resistant metal material.

3. The waterproof construction method for through-wall nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cement-based penetrating crystallizing material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: The ingredients are: 70-80 parts ordinary silicate cement, 20-30 parts sulfoaluminate cement, 3-5 parts sodium metasilicate, 2-4 parts sodium carbonate, 1-3 parts calcium hydroxide, 0.5-1.5 parts calcium aluminate, 8-15 parts fly ash, 3-5 parts silica fume, 0.5-1.5 parts nano titanium dioxide, 0.5-1 part nano calcium carbonate, and 0.8-1.5 parts polycarboxylate-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent. The specific preparation method includes the following steps: Dry mix ordinary silicate cement, sulfoaluminate cement, fly ash, silica fume, nano titanium dioxide, nano calcium carbonate and active chemical substances in a forced mixer for 3-5 minutes to ensure that all components are fully and evenly mixed. Dissolve the polycarboxylate superplasticizer in water to prepare a solution with a concentration of 20%-30%. During the stirring process, slowly add the superplasticizer solution to the dry mixture and continue stirring for 5-8 minutes. After mixing, let the material stand for 2-3 minutes, then mix it again for 2-3 minutes to further homogenize the material. Then, seal the prepared cement-based penetrating crystallizing material and store it for 24-48 hours to allow it to mature and react, thus obtaining the cement-based penetrating crystallizing material.

4. The waterproof construction method for through-wall nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cement-based penetrating crystallizing material is applied with a thickness of ≥2mm and is applied in two coats with an interval of ≥12 hours between each coat.

5. The waterproof construction method for through-wall nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber material of the rubber water-stop washer (3) with internal and external threaded sleeves is EPDM rubber, and its Shore hardness is 40-60°.

6. The waterproof construction method for through-wall nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-curing waterproof material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: The preparation method comprises 70-90 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, 10-30 parts of thermoplastic elastomer, 10-20 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 10-15 parts of tributyl citrate, 15-25 parts of nano-grade calcium carbonate, 15-20 parts of talc, 0.5-1 part of hindered phenolic antioxidant, 0.3-0.6 parts of benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber, and 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent. The specific preparation method follows these steps: Styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, thermoplastic elastomer, epoxidized soybean oil, tributyl citrate, hindered phenolic antioxidant, benzotriazole UV absorber, and nano-sized calcium carbonate and talc powder treated with silane coupling agent are added to a high-speed mixer and mixed at 800-1200 rpm for 10-15 minutes to ensure that the components are fully and evenly dispersed. The high-speed mixed material is fed into a twin-screw extruder and melt-blended and extruded at a temperature of 150-180℃, with the screw speed controlled at 200-300 rpm. During construction, the prepared non-curing waterproof material particles are heated to 120-150℃ to melt them into a fluid state for brushing or spraying.

7. The waterproof construction method for through-wall nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof layer is a polymer waterproof membrane with a thickness of ≥1.5mm, and the bonding area is polished before bonding with the rubber waterstop gasket (3).

8. The waterproof construction method for through-wall joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion rate of the rubber expansion sealing ring (4) is ≥200%, and it is kept dry before installation.

9. The waterproof construction method for through-wall nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing cap (5) has a hexagonal structure and is made of stainless steel. When tightening, a torque wrench is used to control the torque between 15-25 N·m.

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